DE7525701U - - Google Patents

Description

Attorney's File 26 3 ^ 9 August 13, 1975

Hilti Aktiengesellschaft, Schaan Principality of Liechtenstein

Expansion anchor

The invention relates to an expansion dowel, in which, by turning, one arranged at its load attachment end Threaded part (e.g. a head bolt or a nut) a related expansion body can be drawn into an expansion sleeve with expansion thereof and which has a stop body supported on the threaded part (e.g. a washer) to limit the depth of insertion of the anchor into the drill hole.

VII / co

* (O89) 988272 8 Munich 80, MduerklfcherslraBe 45 Thanks: BtyertwheVeraliisbuik Munich 433100

7043 telegrams: BIiROSTAPFPATENT MUnchsn Hypo-Bink MUnchen 3892623

Expansion dowels of the aforementioned type are used essentially to attach components to a receiving part. For this purpose, the anchor is inserted through a hole in the construction part in a borehole or a receiving hole in the mounting substrate. The load fastening shoulder, for example on the bolt head of a fastening element designed as a threaded bolt, is supported. over a washer on the component to be fastened. By turning the fastening element via its driving device, for example the bolt head, the expansion body is drawn into the expansion sleeve, which means that the expansion sleeve expands radially and at the same time the load fastening shoulder is moved towards the component to be fastened so that it is clamped against the fastening substrate .

The expansion of the expansion sleeve and the anchoring values thus achieved depend on the number of revolutions of the fastener. Since on the outside only the stop, for example the bolt head of the fastening element, is visible, the person entrusted with the anchoring of the relevant dowels has no point of reference which would point to the allow the anchorage values achieved to close. It is therefore uncertain whether the expansion of the expansion sleeve is sufficient Anchoring values, or whether the sleeve was spread too much.

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It is known, "a plate-shaped, arched, deformable washer between the load attachment shoulder, E.g. on the bolt head between the fastening element and the component to be fastened. The degree of deformation of this washer cannot, however, give the person entrusted with the anchoring any indications of the anchoring values achieved. The reason for this lies in the main mainly in the fact that the degree of deformation of this disk on the one hand from the for the expansion of the expansion sleeve in the force required for the mounting hole and, on the other hand, that force which tensions the component against the mounting base. Furthermore, in a height that cannot be precisely determined, a supporting force between the central area of the washer and the expansion body is effective when tightening. These different ones, in theirs The amount of forces that cannot be precisely determined, the forces acting on the disk with various lever arms and the high, poorly defined frictional forces at the outer edge of the Disc lead to a relatively insecure, broadly scattering force on the expansion cone of the dowel when the disc has just been flattened. With the known dowel, no information can be obtained about the force which was applied to spread the expansion sleeve; In addition, the deformation of the plate-shaped arched disc is extraordinary strongly on the surface properties of the component

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which it comes to the plant, depending. Another uncertainty would be in the required subjective judgment the person entrusted with the anchoring, to what extent the disc has been flattened.

The invention is based, inter alia, on the object of providing a dowel with an anchoring values that are effectively achieved Establish information giving facility.

According to one embodiment of the invention, this is achieved in the case of an expansion dowel of the type mentioned at the outset, that the dowel is between the load fastening shoulder (dowel-side face of the bolt head or the nut) of the threaded part and the expansion sleeve and arranged between the load fastening shoulder of the threaded part on the one hand and the expansion sleeve or the stop body is trimmed on the other hand, and that which occurs when the dowel is expanded Has evasive part exposed to axial force, which, when the dowel is expanded, the distance is shortened between the load securing shoulder of the threaded part and the expansion sleeve is continuously cold deformable and its resistance to deformation is so large that the expansion anchor has a minimum anchoring value at least at the end of the deformation reached in the mounting substrate, and that the stop body through at least one of the on the evasive part acting and its deformation causing force resilient spacers at a distance from the load attachment shoulder of the threaded part is held.

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If the evasive part is between the load fastening shoulder of the threaded part on the one hand and the expansion sleeve on the other is supported, runs when the dowel is set, i.e. when the expansion sleeve is expanded by pulling it in of the expansion body by means of the threaded bolt, the axial force flow from the expansion sleeve via (if necessary with the inclusion of a further spacer bushing) the evacuation part (and if necessary the interposition of another further spacer bushing) towards the load securing shoulder of the threaded part (e.g. the bolt head). The expansion anchor is then expandable as a self-contained element, i.e. without Attachment to external slings. According to a modification, however, the evasive part can also be located on the one hand on the load attachment shoulder of the threaded part (e.g. a bolt head) on the one hand and on the stop body (e.g. a washer) on the other hand support. Then the deformation part is supported on the one hand on the load attachment shoulder of the threaded part and, on the other hand, ultimately on the component to be fastened or on the fastening substrate.

Finally, the deformation part (again with any loose intermediate layers of intermediate parts) can be attached to the rear In the case of a dowel, support the expansion body with two expansion bodies, which in turn ultimately increases the support on the expansion sleeve roughly equals.

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The deformable evasive part is dimensioned in such a way that it moves during the spreading process, i.e. with increasing, forces to be transmitted by the threaded part (e.g. bolt head) are constantly deformed. The deformation should be completed, if the DUbel is what is required for the particular application Has reached anchoring values »e.g. when the friction between the expansion sleeve and the borehole wall in the receiving part is so large is that when the anchor is loaded, the expansion sleeve is fixed and at most one further expansion by further, minor Shifting of the expansion body can occur. In the present case, these anchorage values are used as minimum anchorage values designated. The completed deformation of the ring body is used for visual control, that the anchor has reached its minimum anchorage values, whereby an overstretching of the anchor, which leads to a break in the mounting substrate or parts of the anchor, is excluded.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention is the stop body serving to rest on the component to be fastened as a washer and the one for the spacer bracket provided spacer designed as a spacer sleeve, wherein in a preferred embodiment the spacer sleeve and the evasion part is a single one between the load securing shoulder of the threaded part and the washer arranged part and the outer contour of the

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Stand sleeve between the bolt head and washer, has a deformable area which projects axially and radially beyond the inner diameter of the washer. The annular body designed as a spacer sleeve can thus pass through the washer in the ready-to-use state of the dowel and, for example, also be in connection with the expansion sleeve or a rear expansion body. Such an arrangement makes it much easier to guide the individual ring bodies among one another and with respect to the expansion sleeve. The connection, for example with the expansion sleeve, can be made by partially penetrating an area of the annular body designed as a spacer sleeve which is provided for this purpose. In such a ring body, only the area outside of the washer, ie the area located between this and the bolt head, is provided for deformation.

In order to achieve a deformation evenly distributed over the circumference, the deformable area of the spacer sleeve can expediently widen conically towards the bolt head . With a conicity of the deformable area of the spacer sleeve progressively increasing towards the bolt head, a steadily increasing deformation force is achieved with increasing penetration of the spacer sleeve into the washer.

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Another possibility for the formation of the deformable area of the spacer sleeve is on the circumference of the Sleeve to attach one or more beads. Such beads can, for example, in the axial direction over the extend over the entire length of the deformable area or several, also be arranged axially offset beads.

According to a further proposal, the problem posed to the present invention can be achieved in that between the bolt head and the washer a frictionally guided in the washer, and the bolt head as a result of the frictional engagement at least until a minimum anchoring value is reached at a distance from the washer holding, in particular, annular evasive part is seated, and that the evasive part after the minimum anchoring value has been reached through the washer in the direction of the expansion sleeve while maintaining at least about the axial force existing between the washer and the evading part is shifted until the bolt head essentially rests against the washer.

While with this further expansion dowel that was struck If the evasive part is used in particular to hold the spacer, the washer can in turn be used to rest on the one to be fastened Component be provided. These for edition on the

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The washer provided for the component can also be used, for example, as a sleeve, for example with a support flange or the like be trained. The frictional connection between the two ring bodies (washer and evasive part) is to be chosen in such a way that it is canceled when the anchor reaches its minimum anchorage value in the aforementioned Senses. To improve the connection between the two ring bodies, at least one of them can be in the Contact area be provided with projections, teeth or the like.

When this frictional connection is canceled, it is still possible between the bolt head and the washer or the like There is a gap which, as the threaded bolt is screwed in further, while maintaining the gap between the two Annular bodies existing axial force is canceled. The threaded bolt can be screwed in until the evasive part is completely through the washer or the like is pushed through and the bolt head rests on the washer or the like. The elimination of the distance between the bolt head and the washer, i.e. covering the evasive part, which is, for example, sleeve-shaped is an optical measure that the anchor has reached its minimum anchoring value. Will the threaded bolt after removing the distance between the bolt head and

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the side dish or the like has rolled in further As a result, the component is pressed tightly against the receiving part and the axial force component that arises as a result has a further spreading effect. Instead of A threaded rod with a screwed nut can of course always be used with a cap screw.

The optical control with regard to the attainment of the minimum anchoring value, which is created by covering the ring body, which is designed, for example, as a spacer sleeve, can be carried out by a striking color of the ring body can be improved.

If the expansion body and / or the expansion sleeve have a conicity that allows self-locking between these parts then, after the expansion part has been drawn into the expansion sleeve, the one used for drawing in the expansion part The threaded part can be removed again (e.g. in cases where push-through assembly is not possible) without the good Seat of the anchor in the drill hole is impaired.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing them for example, wherein to disclose the invention because of its great clarity and for clarity, reference is expressly made to these.

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Show it;

1 shows a dowel according to the invention in a ready-to-use state;

FIG. 2 shows the dowel according to FIG. 1 in an application example after anchoring has been completed; FIG.

3 shows a further embodiment of an according to the invention Dowel in ready-to-use condition;

Fig. K shows a further embodiment of a dowel according to the invention in the ready-to-use state.

The apparent from Fig. 1 dowel consists essentially of a threaded bolt 1, an expansion sleeve 2, an expander 3 "as a washer ¹ I formed annular body and a spacer sleeve formed as a ring body 5. The threaded bolt 1 has a thread 6 for the expansion body 3 at its front end and a bolt head 7 with engagement surfaces 8 at its rear end.

In the front area, the expansion sleeve 2 has one or more longitudinal slots 9. The rear area of the expansion sleeve is provided with a recess 10.

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Between the expansion sleeve 2 and the bolt head 7, the spacer sleeve 5 is arranged on the threaded bolt 1, on which the washer l) is guided. The area of the spacer sleeve 5 lying between the washer 4 and the bolt head 7 widens conically towards the bolt head 7. A bead, preferably an annular bead 11, is provided to hold the spacing between the washer H and the rear end face 2a of the expansion sleeve in the ready-to-use state of the dowel.

FIG. 2 shows an application example in which a component 12 has been fastened to a receiving part 13 by means of a dowel according to FIG. 1. For this purpose, the dowel was pushed so far into a bore 14 of the receiving part 13 that the washer ¹ J rested on the component 12. After applying a torque to the bolt head 7 and thereby achieved rotation of the same, the expansion body 3 was initially drawn into the expansion sleeve 2, so that the latter has started to expand. In this phase, the deformation of the spacer sleeve 5 has already started, that is, with support on the bolt head 7, it has penetrated through the washer 4 into the recess 10 of the expansion sleeve 2 provided for this purpose. Since the expansion sleeve has already fixed on the wall of the borehole I ¹ I in this phase, it has retained its place in the axial direction and has not been pulled against the bolt head 7 i The bead 11 of the spacer sleeve 5 has also ensured that the Sleeve

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se 2 did not come into contact with the washer 4. The spacer sleeve is completely deformed by the bolt head 7 and pressed through the washer 4. The application of the bolt head 7 to the washer k is thus a sign that the anchor has reached its minimum anchoring value. The torque then still acting on the bolt head 7 has the consequence that the component / satt was pressed against the receiving part 13 via the washer 4. This is done by overcoming the distance ensured by the bead 11 of the spacer sleeve 5 between the rear face 2a of the expansion sleeve 2 and the washer k. The bead 11 of the spacer sleeve 5 thus ensures that in the end phase the component 12 can be pressed unhindered against the receiving part 13 and does not possibly stand on the rear face 2a of the expansion sleeve 2.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention Expansion anchor, which consists in particular of a threaded bolt 15, an expansion sleeve 16, an expansion body 17, a bushing 18 and an annular body designed as a washer 19 and one designed as a spacer sleeve 20 Composed ring body - The threaded bolt 15 in turn has a bolt head 21 with engagement surfaces 22. the The expansion sleeve ίβ has one or more longitudinal slots 23 Mistake. A deformation ring 24 made of elastic material is arranged between expansion sleeve 16 and bush 18. the Bushing 18 has a recess 25 in its rear region.

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There is a frictional connection between the washer 19 and spacer sleeve 20, which ensures that the bolt head 21 is held at a distance from the socket 18. After applying a torque to the bolt head 21, the with a thread 26 connected to the threaded bolt 15 expansion body 17 drawn into the expansion sleeve 16 so that this expands, i.e. expands in the corresponding borehole. As soon as the dowels are sufficiently spread apart has reached its minimum anchoring values, the frictional force between the washer 19 and spacer sleeve 20 overcome so that, while maintaining between these Share existing axial force, the spacer sleeve 20 pushes through the washer 19 and into the designated Turning 25 of the socket 18 arrives. The minimum anchorage value is thereby set before canceling the distance between Bolt head 21 and washer 19 reached and is removed when the distance between these two parts maintained. In this case too, however, the bolt head 21 resting firmly on the washer 19 is an optical one Signs that the anchor has reached its minimum anchorage value. That after the bolt head is fully seated 21 on the washer 19 still applied torque has the consequence that the not shown here component to be fastened is pressed against the receiving part, also not shown. As in the example chosen

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the washer 19 rests snugly on the rear face 18a of the bushing 18, the deformation ring 2k ensures that the component can be pressed unhindered against the receiving part, which is achieved by the fact that the bushing: 18 slightly further ^{while compressing the deformation ring 2 1 *} can move in the direction of the expansion body 17.

In Pig. ¹ J embodiment shown all have parts similar to those of the embodiment of FIG. 3, the same reference numerals. In this respect, reference is made to the description of Pig. 3 referred to. In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 3, however, instead of a head 21, the threaded bolt has a thread on which an internally threaded nut 26 is seated. The spacer sleeve 27 only serves to limit the insertion depth via the washer 19 when the dowel is hammered into a fastening hole in the fastening substrate. However, the spacer sleeve gives way to larger axial forces. A spacer sleeve 28 is supported at one end on the nut 26, the other end of which is supported on a deformation part 29, which in turn is supported on the expansion sleeve 16 again.

To set, the dowel is first hammered into the mounting hole in the mounting substrate in the manner described, the washer 19 together with the spacer sleeve

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27 limits the insertion depth of the anchor. Then the nut 26 is rotated, whereby the expansion cone 17 in the expansion sleeve 16 is drawn. From a predetermined axial force, the spacer sleeve 28 and the deformation part 29 are below Deformation of the latter pushed into one another, the distance between the then already firmly attached to the borehole wall connected expansion sleeve 16 and the nut 26 is reduced and finally the object to be fastened with the nut 26 can be clamped against the fastening material with the interposition of the washer 19. Then that too Spacer sleeve 27 pushed completely through washer 19.

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Claims (10)

- 17 - p-a ~ t ~ e — η — fe («Proverbs: 1.Expanding dowel, in which, by turning a threaded part (e.g. a head bolt or a nut) arranged at its load attachment end, a connected expansion body can be pulled into an expansion sleeve while expanding the same, and which has a stop body supported on the threaded part (e.g. a washer) to limit the depth of insertion of the dowel into the borehole, characterized in that the dowel is arranged between the load fastening shoulder (dowel-side end face of the bolt head or the nut) of the threaded part (1, 26) and the expansion sleeve (2, 16) and between the Has the load securing shoulder of the threaded part on the one hand and the expansion sleeve or the stop body on the other hand supported and exposed to the axial force occurring during expansion of the dowel (5, 29), which when expanding the dowel shortening the distance between the load securing shoulder of the threaded part (1, 29) and the expanding sleeve (2, 16 ) is continuously cold deformable and its resistance to deformation is so great that the expansion dowel reaches a minimum anchoring value in the mounting substrate at least at the end of the deformation, and that the stop body (U, 19) through at least one of the - 18 - 7525701 06/23/77 - ίο - T the evasive part acting and its deformation causing the force resilient spacers (5, 27) is held at a distance from the load securing shoulder of the threaded part (1, 29). 2. Expanding dowel, in which by turning a threaded part arranged at its load attachment end (e.g. head bolt or nut) an expansion body can be drawn into an expansion sleeve with expansion of the same, and which one Stop body supported on the threaded part (e.g. a washer) to limit the insertion depth of the anchor in has the borehole, characterized in that the dowel is a between the load securing shoulder (dowel-side end face of the bolt head or the nut) of the threaded part (15) and the expansion sleeve (16) arranged and frictionally supported against another part and exposed to the axial force occurring when the dowel is expanded Has evasive part, which when expanding the dowel shortening the distance between the load fastening shoulder of the threaded part (15) and the expansion sleeve (16) steadily while maintaining the frictional connection is axially displaceable against the other part, and the frictional force is so great that the expansion dowel at the end of the deformation reaches a minimum anchoring value in the mounting base, and that the stop body (19) by a - 19 - 7525701 06/23/77 under the acting on the evasive part and its
Displacement under frictional engagement force
resilient spacer is held at a distance from the load attachment shoulder of the threaded part (15). 3. Expansion dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer and the evading part as a
single approximately annular part (5) are formed,
which sits between the load securing shoulder of the threaded part (1) and the stop body designed as a washer ( ¹ I), and that the largest outer diameter of the evasive part (5) is greater than the smallest inner diameter
of the washer (4), wherein the evading part (5) can be pushed through the washer ( ¹ I) while being deformed. H. expansion dowel according to claim 2, characterized in that the spacer and the evading part as one
only approximately annular part (20) are formed, which sits between the load fastening shoulder of the threaded part (15) and the stop body designed as a washer (19), and that the evasive part (20) can be pushed through the central bore of the washer (19) with frictional engagement * 5. Expansion anchor according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that that the outer contour of the between the load fastening shoulder of the threaded part (1) and the shim - 20 - Disc ( ¹ I) lying as a spacer sleeve (5) has a deformable area which protrudes axially and radially beyond the inner diameter of the washer ( ^{1 I).} 6. Expansion anchor according to claim 5> characterized in that that the deformable area of the evasive part designed as a spacer sleeve is conical to the load attachment shoulder of the threaded part (1) expanded. 7. expansion dowel according to claim 6, characterized in that the conicity of the deformable area of the than Spacer sleeve formed evasive part to the load fastening shoulder of the threaded part (1) increases progressively. 8. Expansion dowel according to one of claims 5 to 7 »characterized in that that the deformable area of the Au3ofteil designed as a spacer sleeve as one or more Beads is formed on its circumference. 9. Dowel according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the spacer (5, 20, 27) is provided with a conspicuous color. 10. Expansion anchor according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that g e- - 21 - At - indicates that the expansion body (3, 17) and / or the expansion sleeve (2, 16) a self-locking having between these parts permitting conicity. Π Γ * A Γ ri η j