DE69434160T2 - Provided with solder balls connecting method so - Google Patents
Provided with solder balls connecting method so Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE69434160T2 DE69434160T2 DE69434160T DE69434160T DE69434160T2 DE 69434160 T2 DE69434160 T2 DE 69434160T2 DE 69434160 T DE69434160 T DE 69434160T DE 69434160 T DE69434160 T DE 69434160T DE 69434160 T2 DE69434160 T2 DE 69434160T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- contacts
- solder
- balls
- board
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/48—Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the groups H01L21/18 - H01L21/326 or H10D48/04 - H10D48/07
- H01L21/4814—Conductive parts
- H01L21/4846—Leads on or in insulating or insulated substrates, e.g. metallisation
- H01L21/4853—Connection or disconnection of other leads to or from a metallisation, e.g. pins, wires, bumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/48—Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the groups H01L21/18 - H01L21/326 or H10D48/04 - H10D48/07
- H01L21/4814—Conductive parts
- H01L21/4846—Leads on or in insulating or insulated substrates, e.g. metallisation
- H01L21/486—Via connections through the substrate with or without pins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49811—Additional leads joined to the metallisation on the insulating substrate, e.g. pins, bumps, wires, flat leads
- H01L23/49816—Spherical bumps on the substrate for external connection, e.g. ball grid arrays [BGA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49827—Via connections through the substrates, e.g. pins going through the substrate, coaxial cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49838—Geometry or layout
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/11—Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K1/111—Pads for surface mounting, e.g. lay-out
- H05K1/112—Pads for surface mounting, e.g. lay-out directly combined with via connections
- H05K1/114—Pad being close to via, but not surrounding the via
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
- H05K3/3431—Leadless components
- H05K3/3436—Leadless components having an array of bottom contacts, e.g. pad grid array or ball grid array components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3457—Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
- H05K3/3478—Applying solder preforms; Transferring prefabricated solder patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/40—Semiconductor devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/42—Printed circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
- H01L2224/81—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a bump connector
- H01L2224/8119—Arrangement of the bump connectors prior to mounting
- H01L2224/81191—Arrangement of the bump connectors prior to mounting wherein the bump connectors are disposed only on the semiconductor or solid-state body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
- H01L2224/81—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a bump connector
- H01L2224/8138—Bonding interfaces outside the semiconductor or solid-state body
- H01L2224/81399—Material
- H01L2224/814—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/00013—Fully indexed content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/095—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00 with a principal constituent of the material being a combination of two or more materials provided in the groups H01L2924/013 - H01L2924/0715
- H01L2924/097—Glass-ceramics, e.g. devitrified glass
- H01L2924/09701—Low temperature co-fired ceramic [LTCC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0203—Fillers and particles
- H05K2201/0206—Materials
- H05K2201/0215—Metallic fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
- H05K2201/10234—Metallic balls
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10613—Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
- H05K2201/10621—Components characterised by their electrical contacts
- H05K2201/10734—Ball grid array [BGA]; Bump grid array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10613—Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
- H05K2201/10954—Other details of electrical connections
- H05K2201/10992—Using different connection materials, e.g. different solders, for the same connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/01—Tools for processing; Objects used during processing
- H05K2203/0195—Tool for a process not provided for in H05K3/00, e.g. tool for handling objects using suction, for deforming objects, for applying local pressure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/03—Metal processing
- H05K2203/0338—Transferring metal or conductive material other than a circuit pattern, e.g. bump, solder, printed component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/04—Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
- H05K2203/041—Solder preforms in the shape of solder balls
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/04—Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
- H05K2203/0415—Small preforms other than balls, e.g. discs, cylinders or pillars
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/04—Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
- H05K2203/0455—PTH for surface mount device [SMD], e.g. wherein solder flows through the PTH during mounting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/08—Treatments involving gases
- H05K2203/082—Suction, e.g. for holding solder balls or components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3452—Solder masks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
- H05K3/429—Plated through-holes specially for multilayer circuits, e.g. having connections to inner circuit layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49126—Assembling bases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/4913—Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc.
- Y10T29/49144—Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc. by metal fusion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Combinations Of Printed Boards (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Lötverbindungen für die Oberflächenmontage unter Verwendung von HMT-Metallkugeln (hohe Schmelztemperatur) zwischen einem Gitter von Kontakten auf einer Komponente und auf einer spiegelbildlichen Matrix von Kontakten einer elektrischen Verbindungsstruktur und insbesondere die Zusammensetzung der HMT-Lötkugeln und des LMT-Lotes (niedrige Schmelztemperatur) zum Verbinden der Lötkugeln mit den Kontakten, die spezielle Geometrie der Verbindungen, FR-4-Leiterplatinen (Glasfaser und Epoxidharz) und MLC-Chipträger (Mehrschichtkeramik) für solche Verbindungen, die Verfahren zur Herstellung der Platinen und Träger und das Verfahren zum Anbringen der Träger auf den Platinen.The The present invention relates to solder joints for the surface Mount using HMT metal balls (high melting temperature) between a grid of contacts on a component and on a mirror image Matrix of contacts of an electrical connection structure and in particular the composition of the HMT solder balls and the LMT solder (low melting temperature) for connecting the solder balls with the contacts, the special geometry of the connections, FR-4 printed circuit boards (Glass fiber and epoxy resin) and MLC chip carrier (multilayer ceramic) for such Compounds, methods for making the boards and substrates and the method of attaching the carriers to the boards.
HINTERGRUND DER ERFINDUNGBACKGROUND THE INVENTION
Lötkugelverbindungen werden zur Montage von ICs (integrierte Schaltungen) mittels der C-4-Technologie (Chipmontage durch kontrolliertes Zusammendrücken) seit ihrer erstmaligen Beschreibung durch Miller in den US-Patentschriften 3 401 126 und 3 429 040 verwendet. Flip-Chip- oder C-4-Verbindungen werden von Dally in „Packaging Electronic Systems", McGraw-Hill 1990, S. 113, beschrieben. Dally schreibt: „Kontaktflächen zum Bonden von Chips werden als zweidimensionale Matrix über die Chipfläche verteilt. ... Diese Bondflächen haben einen Durchmesser von 0,127 mm (0,005 Inch) und einen Mittenabstand von 0,254 mm (0,01 Inch). Auf einem Keramiksubstrat werden dazu passende Bondflächen erzeugt, sodass die Kontaktflächen auf dem Chip und auf dem Keramiksubstrat zusammenpassen. Auf die Kontaktflächen des Keramiksubstrats werden Lötkugeln mit einem Durchmesser von 0,127 mm (0,005 Inch) aufgebracht ... und der Chip wird auf das Substrat aufgebracht und ausgerichtet. Die Anordnung wird so lange erhitzt, bis die Lötkugeln erweichen und kontrolliert zusammengedrückt werden, wobei das Lot gleichzeitig beide Kontaktflächen benetzt. Zur Montage von IC-Chips sind sowohl für die Verbindung mit anderen Leiterebenen der Schaltung als auch für die Bauelementkapselung eine Vielzahl von Lötstrukturen vorgeschlagen worden."solder ball are used to assemble ICs (integrated circuits) using C-4 technology (Chip assembly by controlled compression) since its first time Description by Miller in U.S. Patents Nos. 3,401,126 and 3 429 040 used. Flip-chip or C-4 connections are made by Dally in "Packaging Electronic Systems ", McGraw-Hill 1990, p. 113, described. Dally writes, "Contact surfaces for Bonding of chips are called the two-dimensional matrix over the chip area distributed. ... these bonding surfaces have a diameter of 0.127 mm (0.005 inches) and a center distance 0.254 mm (0.01 inch). On a ceramic substrate will be added suitable bonding surfaces generates, so the contact surfaces on the chip and on the ceramic substrate match. On the contact surfaces of the ceramic substrate become solder balls 0.127 mm (0.005 inches) in diameter ... and the chip is applied to the substrate and aligned. The The assembly is heated until the solder balls soften and control be compressed the solder simultaneously wets both contact surfaces. For mounting of IC chips are both for the connection with other circuit levels of the circuit as well as the component encapsulation a Variety of soldering structures been proposed. "
In „Ball Grid Arrays: The Hot New Package" von Terry Costlow und „Solder Balls Make Connections" von Glenda Derman in Electronic Engineering Times, 15. März 1993 wird die Verwendung von Lötkugeln zur Verbindung von keramischen oder flexiblen Chipträgern auf Leiterplatten beschrieben.In "Ball Grid Arrays: The Hot New Package "by Terry Costlow and "Solder Balls Make Connections "by Glenda Derman in Electronic Engineering Times, March 15, 1993 becomes the use of solder balls for connecting ceramic or flexible chip carriers Printed circuit boards described.
In der US-Patentschrift 4 132 341 von Bratschum wird die Selbstzentrierung von Leiterbahnen zwischen den Lötflächen von zwei Komponenten beschrieben, wenn beide Lötflächen gleichzeitig aufgeschmolzen werden. In der US-Patentschrift 4 831 724 wird die Selbstzentrierung einer Komponente beschrieben, die beim Aufschmelzen in Schwingung versetzt wird.In U.S. Patent No. 4,132,341 to Bratschum teaches self-centering of traces between the pads of described two components when both solder surfaces melted simultaneously become. U.S. Patent 4,831,724 teaches self-centering describes a component that vibrates when melting becomes.
Die Fertigung von keramischen Mehrschicht-Chipträgern wird in den US-Patentschriften 3 518 756, 3 988 405 und 4 202 007 sowie in „A Fabrication Technique For Multi-Layer Ceramic Modules„ von H. D. Kaiser et al., Solid State Technology, Mai 1972, S. 35 bis 40 und „The Third Dimension in Thick-Films Multilayer Technology" von W. L. Clough, Microelectronics, Bd. 13, Nr. 9 (1970), S. 23 bis 30 beschrieben.The Manufacture of multi-layer ceramic chip carriers is disclosed in U.S. patents 3 518 756, 3 988 405 and 4 202 007 and in "A Fabrication Technique For Multi-Layer Ceramic Modules "by Kaiser, H., et al., Solid State Technology, May 1972, p 40 and "The Third Dimension in Thick Films Multilayer Technology "by W.L. Clough, Microelectronics, Vol. 13, No. 9 (1970), pages 23 to 30.
Die Fertigung von Mehrschicht-Leiterplatten wird in den US-Patentschriften 3 554 877, 3 791 858 und 3 554 877 beschrieben. Dünnschichttechniken werden in der US-Patentschrift 3 791 858 beschrieben.The Production of multilayer printed circuit boards is described in US Pat Nos. 554,877, 3,791,858 and 3,554,877. Thin-film techniques are used in the US patent 3,791,858.
In der US-Patentschrift 4 604 644 von Beckham werden Materialien und Strukturen zur Kapselung von C-4-Verbindungen beschrieben. In den US-Patentschriften 4 701 482 von Itoh und 4 999 699 von Christie et al. werden Epoxidharze und ein Leitfaden zur Auswahl von Epoxidharzen für elektronische Anwendungen dargelegt.In U.S. Patent No. 4,604,644 to Beckham discloses materials and Structures for the encapsulation of C-4 compounds described. In the US patents 4,701,482 to Itoh and 4,999,699 to Christie et al. become epoxy resins and a guide to the selection of epoxy resins for electronic applications explained.
In den US-Patentschriften 4 681 654, 4 766 670 und 5 159 535 werden flexible Filme als Chipträger (in der Technik als ATAB bekannt) beschrieben. Beim ATAB (automatisches Flächenbonden von Bandmaterial) wird als Chipträger eine flexible Leiterplatte durch Lötkugeln auf einer Leiterplatte befestigt.In U.S. Patents 4,681,654, 4,766,670 and 5,159,535 flexible films as chip carriers (known in the art as ATAB). In the ATAB (automatic surface bonding of strip material) becomes a chip carrier as a flexible circuit board through solder balls attached to a printed circuit board.
In
der US-Patentschrift 5 147 084 von Behun wird eine HMP-Lötkugel (hoher Schmelzpunkt)
in Verbindung mit einem LMP-Lot (niedriger Schmelzpunkt) beschrieben.
Die
In der US-Patentschrift 5 099 090, deren technischer Stand der Erfindung am nächsten kommt, werden Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leiterbahnen auf einem Schaltungssubstrat beschrieben, mittels dessen Verbindungsstrukturen hergestellt werden können.In US Patent 5,099,090, the technical state of the invention comes closest For example, methods of forming circuit traces on a circuit substrate are disclosed described, by means of which connection structures are produced can.
AUFGABEN DER VORLIEGENDEN ERFINDUNGTASKS OF PRESENT INVENTION
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht daher darin, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verbesserten zuverlässigen Verbindungsanordnung mittels Lötkugeln zur Verfügung zu stellen.A The object of the present invention is therefore a method for producing an improved reliable connection arrangement by solder balls to disposal to deliver.
ÜBERBLICK ÜBER DIE ERFINDUNGOVERVIEW OF THE INVENTION
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Ansprüchen dargelegte Erfindung gelöst.These The object is achieved by the invention set forth in the claims.
Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung wurde gefunden, dass Lötkugelverbindungen zwischen gegenüberliegenden Metallkontaktgittern auf starren Substraten, die mittels eines dem ATAB-Prozess ähnlichen Verfahrens hergestellt wurden, wegen thermischer Ermüdung der Lötverbindungen zwischen den Lötkugeln und den Kontakten nicht zuverlässig waren. Es wurde gefunden, dass infolge unzureichender Passgenauigkeit der Kontakte (zulässige Toleranzen der Kontaktlage) nicht alle Lötverbindungen symmetrisch waren, wodurch es zu einer Fehlausrichtung gegenüberliegender Kontakte kam, und die Verbindungen durch gleichzeitiges Aufschmelzen der oberen und der unteren LMT-Lötverbindungen zwischen jeder HMP-Metallkugel und den beiden Kontaktflächen an der Kugel symmetrischer und sicherer gemacht werden konnten. Dadurch können die Kugeln infolge der Oberflächenspannung des geschmolzenen Lotes zu symmetrischer gelegenen Stellen zwischen den Mittelpunkten der Kontakte in der durch die Matrix der Lötkugeln definierten Ebene wandern.at It has been found in the present invention that solder ball compounds between opposite Metal contact grids on rigid substrates by means of a ATAB process similar procedure were made, due to thermal fatigue of the solder joints between the solder balls and the contacts are not reliable were. It was found that due to insufficient accuracy of fit of the contacts (allowed Tolerances of contact position) not all solder joints were symmetrical, causing misalignment of opposing contacts, and the compounds by simultaneous melting of the upper and the lower LMT solder joints between each HMP metal ball and the two contact surfaces at the Ball could be made more symmetrical and safer. Thereby can the balls due to the surface tension of molten solder to more symmetrically located points between the centers of the contacts in the through the matrix of solder balls hiking level defined.
Es wurde zwar gefunden, dass die Ermüdung durch Vergrößerung der Lötkugeln abnimmt, jedoch ist die Größe der Lötkugeln durch die angegebenen Verbindungsabstände und einen Nennabstand zwischen den Lötkugeln begrenzt, der zur Verhinderung einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen den Lötkugeln eingehalten werden muss. Desgleichen wurde zwar gefunden, dass die Ermüdung durch Vergrößerung der Kontakte abnimmt, jedoch ist die Größe der Kontakte durch die angegebenen Verbindungsabstände und den Nennabstand zwischen den Kontakten begrenzt, der zur Verhinderung einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen den Kontakten (z. B. durch Lötbrücken) eingehalten werden muss. Um die Ermüdung möglichst gering zu machen und so zuverlässige Verbindungen zu erhalten, werden die Lötkugeln etwas kleiner als der Abstand zwischen den Kontakten und die Kontakte etwas kleiner als die Lötkugeln gemacht. Es zeigte sich, dass die Zuverlässigkeit der Verbindungen durch die Größenverhältnisse zwischen den Kontakten auf beiden Seiten der Lötkugel beeinflusst wird und dass die Ermüdung am kleinsten ist, wenn die Kontakte gleich groß sind. Es zeigte sich, dass bei unterschiedlich großen Kontakten auf beiden Seiten der Lötkugel die Ermüdung am kleinsten ist, wenn das Lotvolumen für die Verbindung mit dem kleineren Kontakt vergrößert wird.It Although it was found that fatigue by increasing the solder balls decreases, however, the size of the solder balls through the specified connection distances and a nominal distance between the solder balls limited to prevent an electrical connection between the solder balls must be complied with. Similarly, it was found that the Fatigue Magnification of the Contacts decreases, however, the size of the contacts through the specified connection distances and the nominal distance between the contacts is limited, to prevent a electrical connection between the contacts (eg by solder bridges) must become. To the fatigue preferably low and so reliable To get connections, the solder balls are slightly smaller than the Distance between the contacts and the contacts slightly smaller than the solder balls made. It showed that the reliability of the connections through the proportions is affected between the contacts on both sides of the solder ball and that the fatigue smallest is when the contacts are the same size. It turned out that with different sized contacts on both sides of the solder ball the fatigue smallest is when the solder volume for the connection with the smaller Contact is enlarged.
Es wurde zwar gefunden, dass die Ermüdung durch Vergrößerung des Querschnitts der Lötverbindungen verringert werden konnte, jedoch ist die Volumenvergrößerung dadurch begrenzt, dass die Ausbildung von Lötbrücken zwischen benachbarten Lötkugeln und zwischen benachbarten Kontakten verhindert werden muss.It Although it was found that the fatigue by increasing the Cross section of the solder joints could be reduced, but the volume increase is thereby limited that the formation of solder bridges between adjacent solder balls and must be prevented between adjacent contacts.
Schließlich zeigte sich, dass sich die Verringerung des Querschnitts der Lötverbindungen unter etwa 2/3 des Durchmessers der Lötkugel sehr nachteilig auf die Lebensdauer der Verbindung auswirkt.Finally showed itself that reduces the cross section of the solder joints under about 2/3 of the diameter of the solder ball very disadvantageous affects the lifetime of the connection.
Die
Erfindung wendet ferner einen Prozess zur Herstellung einer Verbindungsstruktur
an, der die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
Herstellen einer glasfaserverstärkten Epoxidharzplatine;
Bohren
eines oder mehrerer Löcher
durch die Platine;
Beschichten des Innern der Durchgangsbohrungen mit
einem leitfähigen
Metall;
Bilden von Kontaktflächen aus einem leitfähigen Metall
auf einer Hauptfläche
der Platine um die Löcher herum;
Bilden
einer rechteckigen Matrix oder eines Gitters mehrerer kreisrunder
leitender Metallkontakte, die größer als
die Kontaktflächen
und so angeordnet sind, dass vier Kontakte ein Quadrat definieren,
welches jede der Kontaktflächen
umgibt;
Bilden einer Leiterbahn, die sich zwischen jeder entsprechenden
Kontaktfläche
und einem der diese umgebenden Kontakte in einer bezüglich des
Quadrates diagonalen Richtung zu einem der Kontakte erstreckt.The invention further employs a process for fabricating a connection structure comprising the following steps:
Producing a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin board;
Drilling one or more holes through the board;
Coating the interior of the through holes with a conductive metal;
Forming contact surfaces of a conductive metal on a major surface of the board around the holes;
Forming a rectangular matrix or lattice of a plurality of circular conductive metal contacts that are larger than the contact surfaces and arranged such that four contacts define a square surrounding each of the contact surfaces;
Forming a trace extending between each respective contact surface and one of the surrounding contacts in a diagonal direction with respect to the square to one of the contacts.
Bei dem Prozess zur Herstellung der Verbindungsstruktur werden die Schritte des galvanischen Beschichtens der Löcher, des Bildens der Kontaktflächen, des Bildens der Kontakte und des Bildens einer Leiterbahn gleichzeitig in einem additiven fotolithografischen Prozess durchgeführt.at the process of making the connection structure becomes the steps the galvanic coating of the holes, the formation of the contact surfaces, the Forming the contacts and forming a trace at the same time performed in an additive photolithographic process.
Der Prozess zur Herstellung einer Verbindungsstruktur umfasst ferner den Schritt des Abscheidens von Verbindungsmaterial auf den Kontakten.Of the A process for producing a connection structure further comprises the step of depositing bonding material on the contacts.
Der unmittelbar vorangehende Prozess zur Herstellung einer Verbindungsstruktur mit abgeschiedenem Verbindungsmaterial umfasst ferner den Schritt des Verbindens einer Metallkugel mit dem Verbindungsmaterial mittels einer Schmelztemperatur, die deutlich höher als die Schmelztemperatur des Verbindungsmaterials ist.The immediately preceding process for producing a connection structure with abgeschie The bonding material further comprises the step of bonding a metal ball to the bonding material by means of a melting temperature that is significantly higher than the melting temperature of the bonding material.
Der unmittelbar vorangehende Prozess zur Herstellung einer Verbindungsstruktur umfasst ferner den Schritt des Aufheizens zum Schmelzen des Verbindungsmaterials, um die Lötkugeln durch Aufschmelzen mit den Kontakten zu verbinden, und des anschließenden Abkühlens zum Festwerden des Verbindungsmaterials.Of the immediately preceding process for producing a connection structure further comprising the step of heating to melt the bonding material, around the solder balls by melting with the contacts to connect, and the subsequent cooling to Solidification of the connecting material.
Die
Erfindung verwendet auch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsanordnung,
welches die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
Erzeugen einer FR-4-Platine
mit einer Vielzahl von Leiterbahnebenen;
Bilden kreisförmiger Kupferkontaktflächen in
einer Leiterbahnebene auf einer Hauptfläche der Platine;
Bohren
von Löchern
in die Kontaktflächen
durch die Platine hindurch;
selektives Abscheiden von Kupfer
nach dem Bohren zum galvanischen Beschichten der Durchgangslöcher zum
Verbinden der Kontaktflächen
mit anderen Leiterbahnebenen;
Bilden einer rechteckigen Matrix
oder eines Gitters aus runden Kupferkontakten, welche mit einem Durchmesser
von 0,7 mm und einem gegenseitigen Mittenabstand von 1,25 mm auf
der Hauptfläche
größer als
die Kontaktflächen
und so angeordnet sind, dass vier Kontakte ein Quadrat definieren,
welches jede der Kontaktflächen
umgibt;
Bilden eines Leiters, der schmaler als die Kontakte und
schmaler als die Kontaktflächen
ist und sich zwischen jeder der durch die Kontakte umgebenen Kontaktflächen in
diagonaler Richtung zum Quadrat der umliegenden Kontakte erstreckt;
Abscheiden
eines sich zwischen den Kontakten erstreckenden Lötstopplacks,
um den Leiter und die Kontaktflächen
zumindest teilweise zu bedecken und die Bildung von Lötbrücken zu
verhindern;
Abscheiden eines Lötverbindungsmaterials an jedem der
Kontakte in der Matrix auf der Platine, welches eine Lotlegierung
von etwa 37/63 Pb/Sn enthält;
Erzeugen
mehrerer ungesinterter Platten aus Glas/Keramikpartikeln und einem
organischen Bindemittel;
Bilden von Durchgangslöchern durch
die Platten;
Aufbringen eines leitfähigen Materials durch Siebdruck
in die Durchgangslöcher
und auf eine der Flächen
der Platten, um eine leitfähige
Struktur zu erzeugen;
Stapeln der Platten übereinander;
Sintern des
Stapels aus Platten in einem Ofen zur Bildung eines keramischen
Mehrschicht-Chipträgers mit
einer Matrix aus Kupferkontakten auf einer Hauptfläche, wobei
die Kupferkontakte 0,7 mm breit und in einem Abstand von 1,25 mm
voneinander so angeordnet sind, dass sie annähernd das Spiegelbild der Matrix
der Kontakte auf der Platte darstellen;
Bilden einer Matrix
aus runden Kontakten auf einer Außenfläche des Trägers;
Abscheiden eines
Lötstopplacks
zwischen den Kontakten zum Verhindern von Lötbrücken;
Abscheiden eines
Lötverbindungsmaterials
auf jedem der Kontakte in der Matrix auf dem Träger, welches eine Lotlegierung
von etwa 37/63 Pb/Sn enthält;
Positionieren
einer Kugel aus einer Lotlegierung von etwa 90/10 Pb/Sn mit einem
Durchmesser von etwa 0,9 mm in Kontakt mit dem auf den jeweiligen
Kontakten in der Matrix auf dem Träger abgeschiedenen Verbindungslot,
um eine Ebene aus Lötkugeln
zu definieren;
Aufschmelzen mit der zum Bilden sicherer mechanischer
Verbindungen erforderlichen niedrigstmöglichen Temperatur und kürzestmöglichen
Lötdauer, um
das auf den Kontakten des Trägers
abgeschiedene Lötverbindungsmaterial
ohne Schmelzen der Lötkugeln
zu schmelzen und die Kugeln auf die Kontakte des Trägers zu
löten und
gleichzeitig die Diffusion von Pb aus den Lötkugeln in das geschmolzene
Lot möglichst
gering zu halten;
Abkühlen
des Trägers
zum Festwerden des Verbindungslotes;
Positionieren des Keramikträgers parallel
zur Leiterplatine, wobei die Lötkugeln
sich so in Kontakt mit dem auf der Matrix von Kontakten auf der
Platine abgeschiedenen Verbindungslot befinden, dass sich jede Lötkugel zwischen
einem Paar von Kontakten befindet;
Erwärmen der Substrate im positionierten
Zustand auf eine Temperatur, bei welcher das auf die Kontakte des
Trägers
und der Platine abgeschiedene Lot gleichzeitig geschmolzen wird
und die Lötkugeln
fest bleiben, damit sich die Lötkugeln
durch die Oberflächenspannung
des geschmolzenen Lotes innerhalb der Ebene der Lötkugeln
in solche Richtungen bewegen, dass sie etwa in der Mitte zwischen
den Mittelpunkten der Kontaktpaare positioniert werden, um symmetrische
Verbindungen zwischen den Substraten zu erzeugen; und
Abkühlen der
Substrate unter die Schmelztemperatur der Lotmaterialien, damit
das Lot fest wird.The invention also uses a method for producing a connection arrangement comprising the following steps:
Generating a FR-4 board having a plurality of traces;
Forming circular copper pads in a track plane on a major surface of the board;
Drilling holes in the contact surfaces through the board;
selectively depositing copper after drilling to electrodeposit the via holes to connect the pads to other traces;
Forming a rectangular matrix or grid of round copper contacts which are larger than the contact surfaces with a diameter of 0.7 mm and a mutual pitch of 1.25 mm on the main surface and arranged so that four contacts define a square, each surrounds the contact surfaces;
Forming a conductor which is narrower than the contacts and narrower than the contact surfaces and extends between each of the contact surfaces surrounded by the contacts in the diagonal direction to the square of the surrounding contacts;
Depositing a solder resist extending between the contacts to at least partially cover the conductor and the pads and to prevent the formation of solder bridges;
Depositing a solder joint material on each of the contacts in the matrix on the board containing a solder alloy of about 37/63 Pb / Sn;
Producing a plurality of unsintered plates of glass / ceramic particles and an organic binder;
Forming through holes through the plates;
Screen printing a conductive material into the through holes and onto one of the surfaces of the plates to produce a conductive structure;
Stacking the plates one above the other;
Sintering the stack of plates in an oven to form a multilayer ceramic chip carrier having a matrix of copper contacts on a major surface, the copper contacts being 0.7 mm wide and spaced apart by a distance of 1.25 mm from each other Represent a mirror image of the matrix of contacts on the board;
Forming a matrix of round contacts on an outer surface of the carrier;
Depositing a solder resist between the contacts to prevent solder bridges;
Depositing a solder bond material on each of the contacts in the matrix on the carrier which contains a solder alloy of about 37/63 Pb / Sn;
Positioning a ball of solder alloy of about 90/10 Pb / Sn having a diameter of about 0.9 mm in contact with the interconnect solder deposited on the respective contacts in the matrix on the carrier to define a plane of solder balls;
Melting with the lowest possible temperature and soldering time required to form secure mechanical bonds to melt the solder joint material deposited on the contacts of the carrier without melting the solder balls and soldering the balls to the contacts of the carrier while permitting the diffusion of Pb from the solder balls to keep the molten solder as low as possible;
Cooling the carrier to solidify the connection solder;
Positioning the ceramic carrier parallel to the printed circuit board, wherein the solder balls are in contact with the interconnect solder deposited on the matrix of contacts on the board such that each solder ball is between a pair of contacts;
Heating the substrates in the positioned state to a temperature at which the solder deposited on the contacts of the carrier and the board is simultaneously melted and the solder balls remain fixed to allow the solder balls to move in such directions through the surface tension of the molten solder within the plane of the solder balls move to be positioned approximately midway between the centers of the pairs of contacts to create symmetric connections between the substrates; and
Cooling the substrates below the melting temperature of the solder materials to solidify the solder.
Das
Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsanordnung beinhaltet ferner
Folgendes:
jeder der Kontakte auf der Platine beinhaltet eine sehr
dünne Erweiterung über den
Lötstopplack
hinaus;
das Lot wird durch Schwalllöten auf den Kontakten der Platine
mit den Erweiterungen abgeschieden; und
die Löcher werden
in der Platine durch Bohren und in den Platten durch Stanzen gebildet;
und
ferner die folgenden Schritte:
Aufschmelzen des auf dem Träger abgeschiedenen Verbindungslotes
vor dem Positionieren der Lötkugeln;
Einebnen
des Verbindungslotes des Trägers
vor dem Positionieren der Lötkugeln;
Abscheiden
eines anhaftenden Flussmittels auf dem eingeebneten Verbindungslot
des Trägers
vor dem Positionieren der Lötkugeln;
Aufschmelzen
des auf der Platine abgeschiedenen Lotes vor dem Positionieren des
Trägers
bezüglich der
Platine;
Einebnen des Verbindungslotes auf dem Träger vor dem
Positionieren des Trägers
auf der Platine; und
Aufbringen von Flussmittel auf dem eingeebneten Verbindungslot
zum Verbinden der Lötkugeln
mit der Platine vor dem Positionieren des Trägers bezüglich der Platine.The method for producing a connection arrangement further includes the following:
each of the contacts on the board contains a very thin extension beyond the solder mask;
the solder is deposited by wave soldering on the contacts of the board with the extensions; and
the holes are formed in the board by drilling and in the plates by punching;
and further the following steps:
Melting the bonding solder deposited on the carrier before positioning the solder balls;
Leveling the bonding solder of the carrier prior to positioning the solder balls;
Depositing an adherent flux on the leveled solder of the carrier prior to positioning the solder balls;
Melting the solder deposited on the board prior to positioning the carrier with respect to the board;
Leveling the bonding solder on the carrier prior to positioning the carrier on the board; and
Applying flux to the leveling solder for connecting the solder balls to the board prior to positioning the carrier with respect to the board.
Die
Erfindung verwendet auch eine industriell hergestellte Verbindungsstruktur,
welche Folgendes umfasst:
ein Mehrschichtsubstrat mit einer
Leiterbahnebene auf der Oberfläche
des Substrats;
eine Vielzahl von Metallkontakten in einer Matrix
an den durch die Schnittpunkte eines Gitters aus einer Vielzahl
paralleler äquidistanter
Linien in jeder von zwei zueinander senkrechten Richtungen in einer Ebene
der auf der Oberfläche
befindlichen Leiterbahnebene definierten Positionen;
eine Vielzahl
von Durchkontaktierungen, welche zwischen einer oder mehreren Leiterbahnebenen
des Substrats und der Oberflächenleiterbahnebene
etwa an den Mittelpunkten der durch die vier Kontakte definierten
Quadrate eine Verbindung herstellen;
einen Leiter auf der Oberflächenleiterbahnebene
für jeden
der einzelnen Durchgangskontakte, der schmaler als die Kontakte
ist und sich in einer diagonalen Richtung des Quadrats erstreckt,
um eine Verbindung zwischen der Durchkontaktierung und einem der
vier die Durchkontaktierung umgebenden Kontakte herzustellen.The invention also uses an industrially produced interconnect structure comprising:
a multilayer substrate having a wiring trace on the surface of the substrate;
a plurality of metal contacts in a matrix at positions defined by the intersections of a lattice of a plurality of parallel equidistant lines in each of two mutually perpendicular directions in a plane of the surface conductor plane;
a plurality of vias which connect between one or more tracks of the substrate and the surface trace tracks approximately at the midpoints of the squares defined by the four contacts;
a conductor on the surface trace plane for each of the individual via contacts that is narrower than the contacts and extends in a diagonal direction of the square to make a connection between the via and one of the four contacts surrounding the via.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird unter Bezug auf die folgenden Zeichnungen ausführlicher beschrieben.The The present invention will be described with reference to the following drawings in more detail described.
KURZBESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGENSUMMARY THE DRAWINGS
Die
Die
BESCHREIBUNG DER AUSFÜHRUNGSARTEN EINSCHLIESSLICH DER BESTEN AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMDESCRIPTION INCLUDING THE EMBODIMENTS THE BEST EMBODIMENT
In
Die
Kontakte
In
Schritt
In
dem in
Beim
Aufschmelzen lösen
sich Metallelemente der Lotverbindungsmaterialien auf oder werden
zwischen dem LMT-Lot und den Metallkugeln transportiert. Um das
zu verhindern, sollte das Anlagern der Kugeln
In
Schritt
Es
wird ein zweites Substrat
In
Schritt
In
Schritt
In
Schritt
Wenn
die Kugeln
Besonders
vorteilhaft ist, dass die Kugeln in
Einige typische LötmaskenmaterialienSome typical solder mask materials
Das
Volumen des Lotes sollte zur Verringerung der Ermüdung möglichst
groß sein,
jedoch ist es begrenzt durch die Anforderung, Brückenbildung sicher zu verhindern,
und durch die Kosten oder die Schwierigkeit, große Lotvolumina aufzubringen.
Bei Keramiksubstraten werden die Durchgangslöcher üblicherweise mit einem HMP-Metall ausgefüllt und bei Dünnschichten auf Keramik-, flexiblen oder FR-4-Substraten werden die Durchgangslöcher üblicherweise ausgefüllt oder bezüglich Kontakten, die keinem Durchgangsloch gegenüberliegen, leicht eingedrückt. Bei flexiblen oder FR-4-Mehrschichtsubstraten enthalten die Leiterbahnebenen üblicherweise runde metallische Kontaktflächen, durch welche galvanisch beschichtete Durchgangslöcher führen und eine Verbindung zwischen den Leiterbahnebenen herstellen. Einige der Kontakte auf den flexiblen und FR-4-Substraten können an solchen galvanisch beschichteten Durchkontaktierungen vorkommen. Da der Durchmesser der Lötverbindung von entscheidender Bedeutung ist, gilt dies auch für das Lotvolumen, jedoch ist das Lotvolumen an solchen Durchgangslöchern nicht einfach beherrschbar (auch, wenn sie zuvor mit Lot ausgefüllt worden sind).at Ceramic substrates, the through holes are usually filled with a HMP metal and in thin films on ceramic, flexible or FR-4 substrates, the through holes usually become filled out or regarding contacts, which are not opposite to a through hole, slightly dented. For flexible or FR-4 multi-layer substrates usually contain the printed circuit levels round metallic contact surfaces, lead through which galvanically coated through holes and a connection between make the track levels. Some of the contacts on the flexible and FR-4 substrates occur at such galvanically plated vias. Because the diameter of the solder joint crucial, this also applies to the solder volume, however, the solder volume at such through-holes is not easily controlled (even if they have been previously filled in with lot).
In
Wenn
die runden oder quadratischen Lötsäulen während des
Aufschmelzens auf den Kontakten des Substrats
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US144981 | 1993-10-28 | ||
US08/144,981 US5591941A (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1993-10-28 | Solder ball interconnected assembly |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69434160D1 DE69434160D1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
DE69434160T2 true DE69434160T2 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
Family
ID=22511057
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69434160T Expired - Fee Related DE69434160T2 (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1994-09-16 | Provided with solder balls connecting method so |
DE69432010T Expired - Lifetime DE69432010T2 (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1994-09-16 | Provide it with soldering balls |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69432010T Expired - Lifetime DE69432010T2 (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1994-09-16 | Provide it with soldering balls |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US5591941A (en) |
EP (4) | EP0650795B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2500109B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0167808B1 (en) |
AT (2) | ATE231042T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9404248A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2134019C (en) |
DE (2) | DE69434160T2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW261556B (en) |
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- 1994-09-16 AT AT94114605T patent/ATE231042T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-16 AT AT99125772T patent/ATE283136T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-16 EP EP94114605A patent/EP0650795B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-16 EP EP99125772A patent/EP1008414B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-16 EP EP99125770A patent/EP1002611A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 1994-10-19 KR KR1019940026699A patent/KR0167808B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-21 CA CA002134019A patent/CA2134019C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (2)
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US20240049382A1 (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-08 | Siliconware Precision Industries Co., Ltd. | Carrier structure |
US12219693B2 (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2025-02-04 | Siliconware Precision Industries Co., Ltd. | Carrier structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE69432010T2 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
KR950013337A (en) | 1995-05-17 |
DE69432010D1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
ATE283136T1 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
US6504105B1 (en) | 2003-01-07 |
EP0650795B1 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
DE69434160D1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
ATE231042T1 (en) | 2003-02-15 |
EP1008414A3 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
EP0650795A3 (en) | 1996-01-10 |
EP0650795A2 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
BR9404248A (en) | 1995-06-27 |
JPH07183652A (en) | 1995-07-21 |
CA2134019C (en) | 1999-03-30 |
KR0167808B1 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
US5675889A (en) | 1997-10-14 |
EP1002610A1 (en) | 2000-05-24 |
US5591941A (en) | 1997-01-07 |
EP1008414A2 (en) | 2000-06-14 |
TW261556B (en) | 1995-11-01 |
CA2134019A1 (en) | 1995-04-29 |
JP2500109B2 (en) | 1996-05-29 |
EP1002611A1 (en) | 2000-05-24 |
EP1008414B1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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