DE614836C - Mercury switching tubes, especially with gas filling - Google Patents

Description

Mercury interrupter, especially with gas filling The invention refers to mercury interrupter tubes where the opening and closing of the circuit to be switched by immersing and pulling out a contact in that or from the mercury forming one electrode through two into the glass wall Melted power leads are carried out, of which .the one directly with; to the the mercury forming one electrode communicates while the other Via an elastic member, a magnet armature and lever arm with the electromagnetic one Ways to be actuated contact is connected. First and foremost, the invention is on it directed to meet the device so that with the smallest possible stroke of the Magnetic armature relatively very large switching travel can be achieved and thereby elastic member can be dimensioned as simply as possible and stressed as little as possible will.

To this advantage and other advantages, especially with regard to The interrupter is to ensure the operational safety and service life of the tube designed according to the invention such that one electrode at its bottom forming mercury-containing vertical tube approximately in its middle part to accommodate a preferably double-T-shaped anchor serving with extension tube has a downward extension tube, which is used to frame the current introduction the other electrode and the elastic member between this and the armature serves and is filled with mercury in such a way that this opens the elastic member surrounds its entire length.

In the interrupter according to the invention, the flexible member is complete removed from the switching path, and pushed out to the side (into the, extension tube or its extension pipe) and thus effectively avoided that the resilient member or its elasticity is impaired by contact with the switching arc can be. As a result, the flexible design is simple and cheap Link ensures that the prescribed lifting height for the switching path in the course of the company is maintained. Since the actual switching contact is on a relatively very long lever arm is located, can in the desired manner at low lifting height Des. Magnetic core relatively very large switching paths are used. That through the switching arc of the mercury vaporized by the mercury electrode rises (as steam) upwards into the part of the tube above the extension tube, which forms a condensation space known per se in mercury interrupter tubes and causes the mercury vapor to condense on its cool walls and that condensed mercury on the walls the tube down to the o_silver flows back to the electrode. Due to the presence of the condensation space the quenching of the switching arc is also made much easier. In the inventive Interrupter tubes are also easily the melting points of both power supply lines effectively protected against the switching arc. Which is one of the meltdown points covered by the mercury that forms one of the electrodes; the other melting point is located far out in the extension tube or in its downwardly directed Bend, which was referred to as the extension tube in the foregoing. Through the Use of the extension tube filled with mercury results in a special one The advantage that a particularly extensive self-cooling of the melting point and the elastic member reached .turn. With such a design of the interrupter according to the invention, the increased self-cooling of both melt-down points is readily available given by (the parts of the interrupter adjacent to them as a result of the filling can give off heat to the outside to a greater extent with mercury. The elastic The limb is electrically bridged by the surrounding mercury and therefore w eifest relieved of the current conduction.

From the well-known interrupters, in which the one electrode forming mercury in a bulge at the bottom of the horizontal tube at the other at one end and the contact to be moved to execute the switching movement from one bendable one, with its other end fused to the other end of the tube Lamella made of magnetic material is supported, differs according to the invention Interrupter basically in that the resilient member by housing in the downwardly bent end of an extension pipe from the switch room completely pulled out and surrounded by mercury and by the presence of one Condensation space above the extension pipe.

It is known that mercury vapor glass rectifiers do not use electromagnetic Ways to use operated ignition electrode and this ignition electrode on a larger one To accommodate part of its length, as well as its elastic member in a small extension tube. Such rectifiers also have one located above the mercury cathode Condensation space, the so-called cooling dome, around which the so-called anode arms are arranged, which contain the main aenodes of the rectifier. The ignition electrode However, this represents a secondary device, which is therefore in an adjoining room (attachment arm) is arranged to the discharge processes between the cathode and the main anodes not to be in the way and on the other hand through these discharge processes between the Mercury cathode and the main anodes not to be damaged or destroyed. The subject of the invention, on the other hand, is a mercury interrupter, in other words, an independent apparatus that depends on the work of the to make movable electrode as simple and safe as possible, and also special care must be borne that the elastic member used is thermally and is electrically relieved as much as possible.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing.

Fig. I shows a longitudinal section through the interrupter: Fig. A is a cross section through the approach and the anchor along the line A-B in Fig. i.

Figure 3 is a view of the leaf spring holding the armature.

The interrupter consists of the partially filled with mercury: by a vertical tube: formed glass container i, d_ em approximately in the middle this container laterally branching tubular extension 2 and edema after Continuation 3 of this approach directed below. With the bottom of the glass container i a glass tube 4 is connected, which with its open end over the mercury 7 protrudes so that two concentric spaces for the mercury are formed. This causes the mercury surface to vibrate when contact is made quickly prevented. At the lower part of the tube 4 there are holes 5, in the wall. through which a circulation of the mercury can take place. The lead 6 ends in the lower part of the tube q .. The upper part of the glass container i forms a proportionately. large condensation room.

The approach z is so strongly inclined to the horizontal that the Operation of the switch, the O_uecksilbertruppen condensing in it to the vessel i flow back. .. In your approach 2 the anchor -8 is arranged, which is almost Extends over the entire length of the neck and has a double-T-shaped cross-section Profile (Fig. 2) has the flanges of which are bent so that they are smooth can create the wall of the approach. The anchor 8 has an extension at one end 9, which carries the contact pin 1o. The contact pin consists of a material with - high melting point, for example Tungsten. The other end of the Armature 8 is connected to power supply 12 via leaf springs ii.

The circuit runs from the electrode 6 over inside the tube the mercury 7 to the contact pin io, then via the armature 8, the two leaf springs i i to the electrode 12. Not around the leaf springs due to the current flowing through it Too much heat, these are surrounded by mercury 13, which is on the power line involved.

The shown mercury switch is in the rest position Contact closed inside the tube. In this case, the actuation of the Switch, for example by an electromagnet arranged above the armature 8 take place. -If .the interrupter as a high-speed switch with high switching frequency is to work, current pulses can be fed to the coil of the magnet, or but the solenoid can be arranged in series with the controlling device, so that the silver switch works as a self-breaker.

Of course, the switch could also be designed so that the contact is open inside the tube in the rest position, and that by actuating a The contact gate takes place below the armature 8 arranged magnets. Here too can operate the switch by current pulses supplied to the coil or by Self-switching takes place when the coil and switch tube are connected in parallel.

When the mercury switch is operated, this is caused by the opening spark evaporated mercury condenses on the walls of the balloon i and falls when the drops have reached a certain size, come down to come back with the Mercury 7 to combine. The mercury level is balanced through the openings 5 in the two concentric rooms according to the principle of communicating tubes instead of. As a result of the mercury evaporation (through the opening spark is simultaneously the heat generated inside the interrupter is conducted to the outside and too strong Avoid heating of the contact material. In addition, that is within the Neutral, indifferent gas located in the tube, on the one hand, which conducts heat to the outside, on the other hand, however, at the same time ensures that a chemical change in the mercury cannot occur.

The switching path of the contact pin io can be controlled within certain limits Raising and lowering the mercury level in container i change by going through. Tilt the switching tube mercury from the container 3 to the container i or vice versa overflows.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Mercury interrupter, especially with gas filling, the opening and closing of the circuit to be switched by immersion and pulling out a contact preferably made of a metal such as tungsten into or from the mercury forming one electrode via two into the glass wall melted power supply takes place, one of which directly with ..dem the mercury forming one electrode communicates while the other Via an elastic member, a magnet armature and lever arm with the electromagnetic one Ways to be actuated contact is connected, -characterized in that an on its bottom the vertical containing the mercury forming an electrode Tube (i) approximately in its middle part for receiving a preferably double-T-shaped Anchor (8) serving lateral extension tube (2) with a downward Extension tube (3) has that to accommodate the power inlet (i2) of the other Electrode and the elastic member (i i) between this and the anchor (8) is used and with mercury (i3) is filled in such a way that this the elastic member (i i) surrounds along its entire length. 2. mercury interrupter according to claim i, characterized characterized in that in the lower part of the switching vessel formed by the vertical tube (i) one connected to the bottom of this vessel and slightly above the mercury level protruding, open-top tube (q.) is arranged, which is the contact point between the mercury and the movable contact (io), and at its lower end has holes (5) in its wall that allow the mercury to circulate. 3. mercury interrupter according to claim i, characterized in that the extension tube (2) is so inclined to the horizontal that the mercury drops condensing in it can drain into the mercury container (i).