DE60109868T2 - Interconnectable, detachable floor system - Google Patents

Description

The The present invention relates to floor surfaces, preferably on decorative floor surfaces. Further, the current one relates Invention to a system for constructing a ground surface, e.g. a decorative floor surface. More particularly, the invention relates to thin laminate flooring surfaces surfaces), which is an upper surface of use, preferably decorative Nature, a reinforcing Substrate material or a layer, and optionally a support material or layer. The present invention relates also on components, systems and methods for the construction of a separable decorative laminate floor surface from individual floor tiles. Furthermore refers to the current one Invention to decorative laminate flooring products or components, e.g. Plates and elements for connecting the plates.

Various Systems are in an attempt, a means of simple construction to provide a floor covering surface, been proposed; However, none of them has been overwhelming so far Market acceptance, especially in relation to separable, thin "floating Soils "-Laminate surfaces.

typically, manufacturers of laminate floorboards have produced a bottom product, which has both a tongue and a tongue profile (a tongue and a groove profile) within the same bottom plate. The spring profile is machined into one side and one end of the plate, wherein the groove is machined in the opposite side and the opposite End of the same plate is worked. This type of production creates a plate that has a directional orientation or "handedness" (right or left Alignment).

at Prior art systems produce a plate which has an upper surface of use. After the production becomes the plate on the edges machined to remove a portion of the upper surface of use, to a spring extension for introduction to a corresponding Groove to form an adjacent plate. To form the spring must the upper surface of use be removed by machine, thus resulting in the sum to be marketed Square-bottom each plate is reduced. Additionally accelerated the removal of more top utility surface the tool wear and tear therefore need the tools require more maintenance, and / or replacement. Consequently, the rise Cost and time for the Production. Likewise, in systems according to the state of the art Technology, a reinforcing Substrate material produced, and then a part is machine removed to form the groove.

typically, starts when a soil surface using state-of-the-art systems with directional (handed) groove / spring plates is created, the construction on a wall and runs over the Room to the other wall. And usually one is with flooring too Providing space no dimension, which is uniform by the size of a Floor plate is divisible, that is, plates on an end wall must be longitudinal or be cut transversely to fit. In systems after In the prior art, which use directional disks, is it essentially possible that, once a plate is cut, the surviving one Part is unusable. For example, in a system after The prior art, which rectangular plates with springs and Grooves on opposite lying, each overlapping edges used, then, when a plate is cut lengthwise, two Plate parts formed, with a long edge of each either a spring or a groove. At the end wall can be a part of a Plate with a spring needed on the long edge and is inserted. As a result, only one piece of plate remains, which is a spring the long edge without a long groove edge has.

Many prior art systems, for example the systems in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,706,621 and 5,860,266, require retaining a new panel to be joined at an angle relative to a major plane of a first laid panel and moving the new panel downwardly the angle to be mechanically locked under a part of the first plate. This is repeated until a bottom is made. If the plate number 5 in a sequence of 20 plates must be replaced, eg because of damage, the plates must 6 to 20 be removed in reverse order to the plate 5 to reach. This is especially detrimental to large floor systems that are subject to excessive wear in certain areas, such as commercial space environments.

A Number of known, proposed systems is discussed a background for the current one To deliver invention.

U.S. Patent No. 3,310,919, entitled "Portable Floor," discloses a tray which includes a plurality of like plates, which have straight sides, coupling elements on the sides for coupling arrangement with cooperating coupling elements on adjacent plates, and operatively the coupling elements associated means for releasably locking contiguous plates in a contiguous connection side by side, as in 2 veran The plates are made using screw plugs 19 and nails 15 coupled.

The U.S. Patent No. 3,657,852 entitled "Floor Tiles" discloses one Floor or a tile, which is composed either of a single piece from any of a selection of different materials, or one Variety of layered Stratifications, each made of any of a selection of materials composed. The floor tiles are shaped with a plurality of identical, laterally projecting tongues or springs (tongue) and, in its bottom, with an equal number of identical ones Pockets that open to the periphery of the tiles and alternate with the springs around the circumference. The springs and Bags are shaped so that any spring from any tile adapted to intervene in any pocket of any other tile and to fit in, and, if so engaged, will holding them against retraction from the bag, such that when the two tiles are in a common plane, prevents relative movement between them in the plane becomes.

U.S. Patent No. 4,449,346, entitled "Panel Assembly," discloses a panel assembly including at least two panels and a tie rope to apply the panels to a load-bearing surface, with the panels positioned edge-to-edge in coplanar relationship. the respective opposite edges of which are spaced apart, and the connecting part lies between the opposed plate edges and the panels are locked together by being firmly anchored to the supporting surface Each panel has first and second surfaces in first and second parallel planes and each has The groove and tongue extend along the edge of the panel between the first and second planes, each projecting an opening outwardly at an angle to the first plane, and the connecting part includes an elongate body defining the space between them opposite panel edges f Wrapped and has on each side thereof a spring and a groove, each projecting an opening at an angle to the second plane out. The tongue and groove on each side are tuned to be locked in engagement with the respective tongue and groove on the adjacent opposite edge of the panel. The connecting part cooperates with the panels to force the panels in a tightly locking connection as a result of a compressive force exerted on the part in the direction towards the supporting surface when the part is anchored to the supporting surface. The patent states that the provision of such a connector abolishes the previous known practice of driving nails or screws into the panel edges to secure the panels to the supporting surface while still providing a tightly locking connection between the panels. As in 2 shown, the connecting part is fixed to the supporting surface using the screw 86 attached. In addition, "the upper surface is 56 of the connecting part 14 coplanar with the upper level surfaces 16 and 18 the plates 10 and 12 '' and therefore forms part of the upper surface of use - which is easy to see.

US Pat. No. 4,135,339 entitled "Slatted Floor System" discloses a battened floor system which is considered to be easily assembled, provides animals with stable support and comfort, resists corrosion, prevents the accumulation of animal waste, is easy to clean The slatted floor system is noted to include a plurality of elongate, spaced, generally parallel slats Each slat has an upper, load bearing surface with spaced apart slats Each batten also has a lower surface substantially parallel to the upper surface and a pair of side surfaces integral with the upper and lower surfaces at the outer edges of the upper surface recessed cut lines. The side surfaces are also said to extend vertically in first positions adjacent to the top surface, then extend substantially parallel to one another and vertically in relation to the underlying surface in second portions. It will be understood that a generally Y-shaped trapped main compartment is thus formed with the top and bottom surfaces. The patent discloses that each lath also includes a first pair of means receiving the projection and extending longitudinally along the tapered first portion of its side surfaces, and a second pair of means receiving the projection located in Lengthwise along the second part of the side surfaces extends. Accordingly, adjacent slats are to be connected and locked in a plurality of spaced apart connectors. Each connector has a pair of protrusions, each protrusion of which may be received by a first pair of protrusion-receiving means on each of two adjacent slats, and the second pair of protrusion-receiving means on each of two adjacent slats. At least one of the first and second pairs of projections on the connectors are adapted to lock with their corresponding protrusion-receiving means on adjacent slats. As stated above and in 1 and 4 As shown, the upper surfaces of use of the slats are spaced to provide a gap to aid the purpose of the invention, ie to prevent the accumulation of animal waste. In addition, as shown in the same figures, the projections and connecting means can only be connected by slipping the edges of the slats and connectors together when they are maintained in parallel, coplanar relation to each other. And as shown, the connecting parts do not extend over the entire length of the batten parts.

US Pat. No. 4,461,131 entitled "Panel Interconnection System" discloses an array of plates of rectangular shape, such as a floor in which the plates comprise upper and lower toothed tracks separated from a core, Each fitting has an upwardly directed, open channel located beyond the edge of the associated plate and adjoining panels are secured together by means of elongated connection strips having parallel elongated lugs which are received in the channels of the adjacent fittings 3 shown, the stripes form 40 a part of the upper surface of use and are therefore visually different from the upper surface 10 the floor panels P.

The U.S. Patent No. 4,796,402 entitled "Step Silencing Parquet Floor" discloses a footfall sound insulating material Parquet board, in which the sound of Steps that are noticeable from one room to the next, through Use of a surface pressed, non-homogeneous fiberboard in the load-bearing structural layers, which are provided below the surface of use surface of the parquet board, insulated becomes. The patent discloses that the board is long sides and -end, which have formed a tongue and groove, wherein This board cooperates with adjacent boards to create a self-sounding soundproofing board Parquet floor to form.

The U.S. Patent No. 5,022,200 entitled "Interlocking Sections for Portable Floors and the Like ", discloses a ostensibly improved locking mechanism which includes first and second parts that mate for locking purposes. The second arresting member has pins mounted therein for movement along defined paths between first and second positions, on which in the patent as closed and open positions Reference is made. The patent discloses means to the Pens usually force way into their closed positions. The first closing part thus has means to move the pins to their open positions to move when the two locking parts moves towards each other and to allow the pins to their closed positions to return after locking the first and second locking part. The first locking part has engaging surfaces which the pins then contact when forces, to move the first and second locking part apart, spent become. The shape or inclination of these engagement surfaces with respect to Paths of the defined movement of the pens is such that a substantial disturbance of the first arresting part is caused at the pins what a movement of the pins in the open position and thus a removal prevents the locking part. A separate unlocking mechanism is available to move the pins to the open position while releasing the To allow mechanism. According to one in the patent disclosed preferred embodiment, The first locking part includes a flange and the second locking part means to define a recess to the Take flange. The pens are generally inside the Positioning space is positioned, and the flange includes surfaces on its outer edge, um the pins in the open Position to move, and hook-like Parts having engagement surfaces, which engage the pins in a locked position. The patent also discloses a supposedly improved plate construction, wherein a plate in a single molding process (molding process) is formed, which encapsulates a core part in urethane, the edge spring and Randnutteile with therein for forms the receptacle of the arresting parts shaped recesses, and the decorative hard-wearing ground surface binds.

U.S. Patent No. 5,157,890, entitled "Floor," discloses a floor system of individual floor panel assemblies that can be cooperatively locked together. "The patent discloses that the periphery of each panel is held together by frame members which are spaced apart two On one side of the ridge, between the upper and lower flanges, the frame members include a guide to receive a fit block generally rectangular base with a key extending therefrom, the base being pluggable received in the guide of a frame member, and the spring is taken in the leadership of an adjacent frame part. The frame parts can be mitred to a desired length and the corners can be held together by corner connectors.

The U.S. Patent No. 5,179,812, entitled "Flooring Product," discloses a bottoms product, which includes a wooden panel having an L-shaped enclosure, whose base is located below the wooden plate has. The Patent discloses the use of a plurality of parallel aluminum strips, which are connected to the base of the plate. These bars include therefore a groove. In practice, the patent discloses be two soil products, the similar Having connecting arrangements, thereby anchored to each other, that the base of the enclosure of each product in the groove and the elongated one Parts of the other product comes to rest. The connection can can not be solved unless one of the floor panels is tilted relative to the other.

The U.S. Patent No. 5,295,341 entitled "Snap-Together Flooring System" discloses a flooring system, which a base part with a top, a bottom and four spaced around outer edges, a spring connector, which on an outer edge is secured by a cross-rib and groove, a groove connector, passing through another outer edge an interlocking rib and groove is attached, a spring connector, which has forwardly converging, compressible sidewalls, those in rearward transverse arresting surfaces wherein the groove connector has a large, inner opening and a small outer opening, includes. The spring side walls are in a compressed position smaller than said outer slot opening, around the outer opening but are elastically expandable to be larger than said outer opening be to lock a spring and groove. The patent discloses that preferably the connectors on the base parts and the recesses the outer edges through additional grooves and springs are attached and that this factory in the Manufacture be attached to the base parts.

The U.S. Patent No. 5,736,227 entitled "Laminated Wood Product and Wood Floor "reveals one Bottom product, which has a decorative top layer, one with the upper layer connected intermediate layer and a base layer, which is connected to the intermediate layer includes. The upper, the intermediate and Base layers are bonded to strip an elongated laminate wood floor define. A spring and groove are attached to respective side edges of the Shaped bottom strip. The board spring and groove extend along the length of the ground strip and arrest adjoining ground strips Side by side with each other, around a wooden floor joined together to build. The base layer has a plurality of closely spaced markers (scores) across the length of the floor strip cut along substantially the entire length of the floor strip are. The markings reduce the stress and increase the stress flexibility in the wood strip to more accurately adhere to irregularities of the subfloor to be able to.

The U.S. Patent No. 3,694,983 entitled "Pile or Plastic Tiles for Flooring and the Like Applications "reveals tiles are adapted to provide a continuous, simple or varied carpet or a disguise made of textile, plastic or other material. each Tile is anchored to a sublayer of the same dimensions, but has protrusions along two adjacent edges the tile to form an embedded strip. Every strip is equipped with means that engage the mutual the fastener in the embedded state under the edges of two Allow sides of the adjacent tiles to be provided. The fasteners have a thickness that is less than that, said sublayer, so in the assembled state no additional in relation to the normal lower layer strength Strength is produced.

The U.S. Patent No. 3,859,000, entitled "Road Construction and Panel for Making Same " a road construction, which includes a plurality of identical, reversible polygonal plates. Each plate contains a plurality of individual, peripheral frame parts connected together are to define a polygon configuration, and each of the Parts has an approximately L-shaped projection which extends from this. The supernatant is adjusted to with an identical supernatant an associated part to be locked. Every plate has it too a pair of load-bearing plates on opposite sides of its frame parts attached.

U.S. Patent No. 5,706,621, entitled "System for Joining Building Boards," discloses a system for laying and mechanically connecting structural panels, particularly thin, hard, floating floors The patent discloses that adjacent joint edges of two panels intermesh in order to provide a first mechanical connection, wherein the connecting edges are connected in a first orientation perpendicular to the main plane of the panels The patent states that in each connection Strip is provided, which is integrated into the one connecting edge or integrally formed therewith and which projects beyond the other connecting edge. The patent discloses that the strip has upwardly projecting locking elements which engage in a locking groove in the rearward side of the other connecting edge to form a second mechanical connection which connects the plates in a second orientation parallel to the main plane of the panel and to the right Angles locked to the connection. Both the first and second mechanical connections allow for mutual removal of the connected panels in the direction of the connection. The patent discloses that the strip is factory mounted on the underside of the panel and extends across the entire connection edge. The patent discloses that the strip may be made of flexible, compliant aluminum and mechanically fastened by adhesives or in any other suitable manner. The patent discloses that the strip can alternatively be designed integrated into the strip plate. According to the patent, "should strip 6 definitely in the panel 1 integrated, ie, it should not be mounted in the context of laying on the panel strip ".

U.S. Patent No. 5,860,266, entitled "Method for Joining Building Boards," discloses a method for laying and mechanically connecting rectangular building panels in parallel rows The patent discloses the following steps: (a) Placing a new panel on a long edge of a previously laid first plate adjacent in a first row and on a short edge of a previously placed second plate in an adjacent second row so that the new plate is in the second row while the new plate is at an angle relative to a major plane of the first plate is held so that the new plate is spaced from its final longitudinal position with respect to the second plate, and so that the long edge of the new plate provides a locking groove which is in contact with a closure strip at the adjacent one long edge of the first plate is placed; (b) then the new plate is angled down so as to lock one to receive the element of the strip of the first plate in a locking groove of the new plate, wherein the new plate and the first plate are mechanically interconnected in a second direction with respect to the long edges thus joined, the long edges and the angled position of the new plate be engaged with each other and thereby also mechanically locked in a first direction; and (c) displacing one of the new plates in its longitudinal direction relative to the first plate to a final longitudinal position and to a locking element of one of the short edges of the new plate, the second plate snapping into a locking groove of the other of the short edges the new plate and the second plate are mechanically interconnected in both the first and second directions with respect to the connected short edges. The patent states that the strip 6 extends horizontally from a plate and factory mounted on the underside of the plate and extends over the entire edge of the plate. The patent discloses that the strip 6 can be made of flexible, resilient aluminum sheet and mechanically attached by adhesive or in any other suitable ways. The patent discloses that other strip material may be used, such as sheets of other metals, as well as aluminum or plastic sections. The patent teaches that the strip 6 Alternatively, it may be formed as an integral part of the strip plate. The patent states that "strips 6 In any case, it should be integrated into a strip of panels, that is, it should not be mounted on the panel strip in connection with installation ".

Japanese Patent Application No. 56-5347 entitled "A Method for Partially Recovering Floor Plates" discloses floorboards laid on a floor bed with spring connectors which are engaged with grooved connectors inserting a gap A between both side bottom plates of a bottom plate to be replaced, cutting off the spring connectors, cutting the joint between the bottom plates, and removing the bottom plate to be replaced The part where there were previously spring connectors in the bottom plates is cut off and groove connectors are reshaped 4 shows a new bottom plate, and that along both sides of the bottom plate relatively flat and wide slots are formed in relatively deep concave parts. The bottom of the concave part is recessed to accommodate a synthetic foam resin. The new bottom plate is then inserted at the location where the removed bottom plate was and in a position where the new bottom plate with the adjacent bottom plate is at the same height. The foam resin is foamed in and hardens. The cured foam resin expands into the groove connectors to form a spring tongue connector. It is also noted that the new bottom plate is fixed in contact with the bottom bed with adhesive.

Japanese Patent Application No. 1-30 No. 691 entitled "Floor Plates" discloses floor panels to be laid on a floor, which are characterized by having a thin wooden decorative panel laminated on a surface layer of a base material in an arc shape A protrusion is formed on one side of the base material, while an engageable concave part, with which the above-mentioned engageable protrusion can be engaged, is formed therefrom at the end of the other side Include a protrusion formed on one side of the engageable protrusion and on one side of the engageable concave portion, and a stopping concave portion with which the stopping protrusion is engaged is on the other side of the engageable one Projection and on the other side of the engageable formed in a concave part.

The patent no. DE 200 949 revealed in 1 and 2 Floor panels having four edges, two edges including an upper groove for inserting thereunder an adjoining panel, while the other two edges include an extension having a tooth shaped to fit under the upper groove portion of an adjacent panel upon assembly to be introduced.

Patent No. DE 15 34 278 revealed in 1 to 3 assembling two adjacent structures, wherein the first structure includes a groove and a notch for receiving a corresponding spring and a tooth of an adjacent structure to be joined thereto.

The publication DE 25 02 992 discloses a floor panel which is particularly suitable for the utility of providing a temporary floor, such as in a camping tent. As disclosed, the bottom plate has a flat profiled surface which is bent back on at least two edges, one of which has a pronounced profile and the other has a matching counter-profile. The patent teaches that these arcuate portions are preferably located on two opposite sides, one being approximately U-shaped, facing upwardly with its outer shaft and resulting slot-like opening, and the counter-profile being formed from a shaft at right angles to Tissue surface consists. The patent teaches that such profiles may alternatively be provided on all four sides of the plate. It is disclosed that the plates may be made of plastic and may be integrally molded, the ribbed protrusions underneath preferably made of a softer material. As in 3 shown, the plates are joined together using a tongue and groove arrangement.

The publication DE 30 41 781 A1 discloses the internal connection of two panels, the panels including a spring on one edge and a groove in one edge to provide interlocking connections between two panels which are particularly useful for constructing a skating rink or bowling alley. The patent discloses that at the foot of the spring there are two parallel sides which have plane parts which are aligned at right angles to the edge of equal thickness. The patent discloses that the groove has two initially parallel side walls against which the lateral planks of the spring come to lie. It is disclosed that this part of the groove follows a half-trapezoidal shaped recess or an entirely trapezoidal shaped recess. The patent discloses that the spring may be rounded on the side opposite its acute-angled side surface.

The publication DE 35 44 845 A1 discloses a board used to make solid wood panels consisting of glued panels engaging with complementary profiles. Longitudinal edges of the boards have a connecting profile whose sections extend at an angle to the vertical board edge. The disclosure discloses that the connection profile has two rectified straight sideways offset upright flanks connected at their inner ends by means of rectilinear transverse flanks. The inner upwardly facing flank closes with the board surface at an acute angle, while the other flank forms an obtuse angle with the associated board surface. Upright flanks and transverse flanks include acute angles.

The European Patent Application No. 0 248 127 entitled "A Table Top for a Motor Lorry" discloses a truck carrier plate (table top), which consists of a variety of planks, the at least two beams are attached, while a part of the Mold truck chassis. The planks are made of extruded aluminum and are on the chassis by means of strap clamps attached, which lock with the planks to the planks against to secure a relative movement among each other.

Patent Tihakemus Patent Attokan 843,067 (PCT / SE83 / 00423) discloses a means for joining contiguous plates, wherein the edges of the plates to be joined include springs and grooves. On each side of the tongue and groove joint of two connected plates are located in said plates in addition recesses for receiving a U-shaped Metallklammerbefesti means for holding the two plates together at the tongue and groove joint.

French Application No. 2,697,275 discloses the formation of a surface of rectangular shaped plates which are placed on a flat horizontal surface. The application discloses that the body of the plate has shaped portions on all four sides and that the plates can be mechanically connected to each other by means of a number of ribs running lengthwise of the plate and shaped to fit into a matching groove in the plate slide the adjacent plate. 2 seems a part 33 to reveal connecting two adjacent panels. As shown, the overhead surface of the part shapes 33 a part of the upper surface of use of the resulting soil. That is also in 1 to recognize what the parts 5 and 6 forming part of the upper surface of use.

Japanese Application No. 54-65528 shows in 1 - 3 a special tongue and groove arrangement for connecting two adjacent plates.

The French Application 2 568 295 discloses a prefabricated floor system which It consists of a series of flat plates, directly on the ground be moved. The plates are for example made of a resin composite manufactured, which contains either reinforcing elements or granule a resistant one Materials like quartz or carborundum. The patent discloses that the panels have interlocking connections on all their edges, in the form of supernatants and Recesses are made, and that the lower surface of a each plate with a layer of non-corrosive cellular and flexible material, which capable is, irregularities in the soil surface can be covered.

The UK Patent Application No. 424,057 discloses a method of parquet flooring to construct, which involves the use of reversible rectangular blocks, each supernatant Flanges has which wedge-shaped Grooves form on each of its four sides, each one being Grooving over the entire page on which it is located extends. The patent teaches that the grooves on two common terminals their openings have upwards if the openings of the other two grooves on the other two sides pointing down, taking a variety such blocks a floor covering can form in which each block on each side, which connected to the side of another such block lies, is locked. From the method is said to include the use of connectors, have the flanges which are fitted below the overhanging ones Flanges of two contiguous blocks to connect, where a laying direction change is necessary.

The UK Patent No. 1, 237, 744 entitled "Improved Building Structure" discloses that it refers to a building structure composed of panels which is at its edges by both first tongue and groove joints in the plane have the building structure located elements, as well as by second Tongue and groove connections, which are perpendicular to said plane arranged elements, are joined together.

UK Patent No. 1,430,423, entitled "Joint Structure", disclosed in US Pat 1 and 2 a special tongue and groove / notch and tine connection structure for joining plastics and metallic materials.

The UK Patent Application No. 2,117,813 A entitled "Pivotal Assembly for Simulated Wall Panels ", discloses a connection arrangement, which includes a pair of strips, which at the edges of the respective Panels by folding the outer panel the panel and by a dovetail joint in the foam insulation material inside the panels, are secured. The application discloses that the connecting strips provide an arcuate tongue and groove. The groove strip has a pivotable body of part-cylindrical shape, so that one strip can be pivoted relative to the other, to pick up a spring in a groove. The application discloses a locking strip is provided to engage in a groove introduced to be to lock the panels together.

The UK Patent Application No. 2 256 023 A entitled "Joint" discloses a compound between the connecting margins of two similar ones Panels in which one panel faces the front opened Has groove portion recess, and the other panel a pointing to the rear surface Rib for inclusion in the groove has to a separation restricting the panels, by a predetermined expansion joint between the adjacent ones margins provide. The application discloses that the panels and spring boards for the construction, such as a door to be can. The application discloses in the figures a particular tongue and groove / notch and tine connection.

The Utiengningsskrift no. 157 871 discloses in the figures, the connection of two adjacent parts which a tongue and groove connection to the Use rims and which formed in said panels recesses which are spaced from the connection, to receive a U-shaped part for holding the two panels together at the spring / groove connection.

The Utlaggningsskrift No. 7 114 900-9 discloses in 1 - 3 Means for connecting two adjacent components using connection blocks 2 . 5 and 9 , said blocks forming part of the upper surface of use. The application further discloses a U-shaped member for insertion on the back of the panels to hold the two panels together at the junction where the connection block exists.

The WO 84/02155 entitled "Device for Joining Together Building Boards, "Search as Floor Boards," reveals one Device for joining of builders such as e.g. Floor boards, edge surface on edge surface. The Application discloses a system in which the boards have a groove in the back side of each board, wherein the groove is the entire length of Board runs parallel to its connecting edge along, and a essentially U-shaped Spring device whose legs are each adapted to the groove of a board to engage, and which is biased, so that, at Engage the boards tightly pressed edge surface to edge surface be included.

The patent DE 200 949 revealed in 1 - 6 Panels for connection with each other, the panels having spring strips extending on two intersecting edges, and an extending groove strip on the other intersecting edges.

The WO 93/132 80 entitled "A Device for Joining Floor Boards ", discloses an apparatus for assembling floorboards which are elongate, flat-shaped body with legs which are adapted to have a longitudinal groove in each to lock the floorboards to be connected, include. The Legs are at a distance from the ends of the plate-shaped body in shaped in such a way that the plate-shaped body the boards on each Side of the grooves carries.

U.S. Patent No. 3,538,665, entitled "Parquet Flooring," discloses a floating parquet floor comprising rectangular shaped two-ply floor units composed of a parquet layer and a backsheet, and the lower surface of the backsheet is lined with peripheral recesses the four sides of the unit are fitted, and a strip of the undercoat material is introduced into the space formed by such peripheral recesses to bridge the connection between adjacent units The patent discloses that the undercoating material has a stress modulus of 5000 kg / cm ² does not exceed.

The publication DE 26 16 077 A discloses a tie bar having a flange for connecting plates lying flat on a supporting substrate. The patent application discloses that the arrangement for joining prefabricated parquet floor elements is particularly useful. The application discloses that a flexible connection assembly is provided which replaces rigid connectors such as glue or nails. The application states that the system is advantageous because it absorbs expansion and shrinkage stresses, thus preventing cracking. It states that the connecting web prevents overlapping of the plate edges on uneven substrates and, in use, loads the connecting bridge with tension as the plates expand. In the case of contraction of the plates, the tie bar pulls the plates together and prevents gap formation.

French Application No. 1,293,043 discloses in 1 - 3 a tile having 4 edges, wherein one set of overlapping edges includes a spring extending therefrom, and the other two overlapping edges include a groove open toward the bottom side of the tile. The 4 - 6 Tiles have four edges, with two intersecting edges including a notch and a groove open towards the top of the tile and the other two intersecting edges having a notch and a groove open to the bottom of the tile.

The Utlaggningsskrift no. No. 8,206,934-5 discloses the connection of two Panels, wherein a tongue and groove arrangement is used. The figures further disclose a U-shaped Clamp for insertion into the panels on each side of the connection, to hold the two panels together at said connection.

WO 97/47834 entitled "Floor Covering, Consisting of Hard Floor Panels and Methods for Manufacturing Such Floor Panels" discloses a floor covering consisting of hard floor panels which, at least at the edges of two opposite sides, are provided with cooperating coupling pieces The coupling pieces are substantially in the form of tongue and groove, characterized in that the pieces are provided with integral mechanical locking means The locking means prevent the drifting apart of two coupled floor panels in a direction perpendicular to the related ones Edges and parallel to the underside of the coupled floor panels.

The WO-A-00 20706 discloses a vertically connected floor material, which includes floorboards, which are equipped with edges, which with a groove, with a lower side and a decorative upper surface are equipped. The floorboards are to be provided by means of separate connection profiles get connected. All edges are each equipped with a groove, the grooves parallel are arranged to their respective edge. The connection profiles are equipped with paired lips, with the lips to be received by the groove of a floorboard and adjacent Guide floorboards horizontally and fix. The connection profile is with a central cheek section equipped, which a first and a second independently yielding Cheek covers. The cheeks are each equipped with a spring, wherein the springs are each to be received by a groove, so that adjacent floorboards are guided in a vertical direction.

in the In view of the prior art, the aim of the invention is for a more flexible connecting floor system, especially if different Plate shapes are combined.

SUMMARY THE INVENTION

This Target can be solved by a solvable binding floor system can be achieved, as in the independent claim 1 is claimed. Further improvements are claimed in the dependent claims.

The current Invention is a unique and novel system for easy connection and separating a floor surface, preferably a thin one (Less than 2.54 cm (one inch) thick) "Floating Type" laminate floor surface The system is designed to be extra conventional Fastener not needed be, e.g. are nails, Screws, adhesives, pens, staples, etc. unnecessary. The current inventive system accomplishes this goal without the need for special tools or floor laying experience. The current innovative system achieves its advantages using preferably identical connection plates with preferably identical novel edges, which assemble, even for the newcomer, simple and flexible. In addition, the current innovative offers System a single connection means for use in relation to all edges the novel plates - again simplifying assembly and disassembly. More importantly, due to the fact that at least two edges of the plate in it during the Having molded recesses, either less reinforcing Medium substrate material needed for the production of the plates, and consequently. Resources are saved, and / or less decorative surface material is wasted, i. it is not necessary, so much of the parts the upper surface of use to provide the bonding system of the invention.

One Another advantage of the invention is that the plates in each direction can be aligned (while the installation), without the need for a factory-made To modify spring or groove profile mechanically. These Plates can be made in a cost-effective manner (no machine to be manufactured spring profile). The amount of material (about 0.3175 cm (1/8 inch) in width), which is needed to mechanically the spring profile It does not have to be removed by machine. The result is a significant cost reduction due to the exclusion the tool that is needed to create the spring profile. This also results in an additional net for sale area of 0.3175 cm (1/8 inch). The material previously machine was removed to form a spring profile (about 0.3175 cm (1/8 inch) in width) will now mechanically become a groove profile worked. The creation of a groove granted, as opposed to a Feather, an additional Surface area. A larger surface area results in greater yields because of surface area is available for sale, instead of being mechanically removed and disposed of.

The System of the current Invention also eliminates the "joint swelling" or "peaking" caused by the typical tongue and groove systems is caused. When moisture (Water) from above the soil penetrates into the joint or the Groove reached from the bottom of the bottom plate, swell the Joint profiles. As an aside, the spring profile will increase in size and the groove profile will shrink in size. this leads to that the entire plate thickness (increase in thickness) in the area of the joint changes. The result is a "peaking" directly above the Joint area. As the current invention uses a connector having flanges to the connection between two plates, the flange is no longer made made of a material that absorbs moisture. consequently There is no spring which absorbs moisture expands, so that "lace" no longer a Problem presents, if the current innovative system is being used.

SHORT DESCRIPTION THE DRAWINGS

The current The invention will be better understood by reading the following description not restrictive embodiments with reference to the attached Drawings understood in which equal parts in each of the different Figures are denoted by the same reference numerals, and which briefly described as follows:

1 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

2 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

3 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

4 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

5 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

6 Figure 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the connector of the present invention;

7 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector of the present invention;

8th Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

9 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

10 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

11 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

12 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

13 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector which does not form part of the present invention;

14 Figure 1 illustrates a particularly preferred embodiment of the connector of the present invention (scale 9x; 1,00 = 2,54 cm (1 inch));

15 Figure 12 illustrates a shaded view of a preferred embodiment of the connector of the present invention;

16 Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the connector of the present invention;

17 Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of the connector of the present invention;

18 Figure 4 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the connector of the present invention and a preferred embodiment of the panels of the present invention;

19A Fig. 12 is a plan view of a plate having frusto-conical grooves in the underlayer;

19B is an end view of the plate 19A ;

20A Fig. 10 is a plan view of a connector having angled ends;

20B is an end view of the in 20A shown connector;

20C is a side view of the in the 20A and 20B shown connector;

21 Fig. 10 is a plan view of a partially assembled flooring section comprising square panels and angled-end connectors;

22 Fig. 12 is a plan view of a partially assembled flooring section including square and triangular panels and angled-end connectors;

23 Figure 11 is a plan view of a partially assembled flooring section including rectangular panels, transverse and longitudinal connectors;

24A is a plan view of a cross connector;

24B is an end view of the in 24A shown cross connector;

24C is a side view of the in the 24A and 24B shown cross connector;

25 is a side view of a cross ver binder, which is mounted with two longitudinal connectors, wherein end views of the longitudinal connectors are shown;

26A Fig. 10 is a plan view of a rectangular plate having complete grooves;

26B is an end view of in 26a plate shown; and

27 is a plan view of a partially assembled floor system having hexagonal and triangular plates.

It However, it must be noted that the attached drawings are typical only embodiments of this invention and therefore not as its scope restrictive should be considered since the invention has other equally effective embodiments can allow.

at a preferred embodiment aims at the present innovative system on decorative laminate floorboards, squares, Tiles, rectangles, etc., all of which have an upper surface of use middle substrate or reinforcement material under the upper surface and optionally a sub-layer surface attached to the middle substrate material attached to contact with the supporting or existing ground or base is, have.

The upper surface of use the plates of the present Invention preferably includes decorative laminates or laminates, which by heat and pressure consolidation were created. These plates were over several Commercially produced for years and are widely accepted in the building and furniture industry as customer desk and table surfaces, bathroom and kitchen work surfaces, wall panels, partitions and doors, encountered. Such decorative laminates can be described as having a number of thin layers which are solidified to a composite material or to form a unitary structure carrying a surface decoration which from something as simple as a pure color to something so complex like an embossed one simulated wood grain can range.

in the More specifically, one useful in the present invention decorative laminate, generally a variety of layers impregnated with synthetic resin Sheets of paper which under heat and pressure solidified or bound to a single structure become. In the normal art, the decorative laminate arrangement exists from the ground upwards from a core of one or more phenolic resin impregnated Layers, over which is a decorative layer impregnated with melamine resin, and / or a pad which is impregnated with melamine resin. The core or base element gives the laminate rigidity and usually contains a stable substrate, which eventually before the initial one Lamination step can be formed. Before being stacked the bows of the core element with a water-alcohol solution of phenol and formaldehyde or a formaldehyde intermediate impregnated dried and partially cured in a hot air oven and after all in bows cut. Examples of such a basic or core element include: (1) a Variety of bows from 90 to 150 pounds of reamed kraft paper, which is impregnated and with a substantially complete one cured Phenol resin, which during of the initial one Lamination step in the thermosetting Condition has been transferred, is bound; (2) a precured one Plastic laminate, such as glass fiber reinforced thermosetting Polyesterharzlaminate or similar; (3) a wood product, such as a hardboard, a fiberboard, waste wood, chipboard, plywood or the like; (4) a mineral based board such as asbestos cement boards, flagstones, Plasterboard or the like; (5) plastic impregnated Plates; (6) plastic / wood assemblies; (7) plastic compositions; (8) closed-pore polyurethane foam, e.g. RIM foam; (9) urethane-impregnated Plates; (10) a combination of these substrates; or (11) either Material that fulfills the desired Function of the base or core element is suitable.

Of the decorative bow, which in the panels of the present invention Generally, this generally serves to give the laminate an attractive appearance and also gives the plate its surface characteristics (i.e., resistance to chemical attack) Means, heat, Light, shock and Abrasion). The decorative bow is typically a high quality, pigment filled Alpha cellulose paper with 50 to 125 ream weight, which with a Water-alcohol solution out Melamine-formaldehyde resin impregnated, dried, partially hardened and finally in bows was cut. The decorative bow can be made of a pure color exist or can be a decorative design or pattern, or a Photo reprints natural Materials such as wood, marble, leather, etc., include. As stated above, can the decorative sheet and / or a cover sheet with Melamine resin impregnated be.

The decorative laminate useful in making the panels of the present invention is generally, but not exclusively, characterized in that the resin-impregnated core and decorative sheets are placed between steel-clad, steel or stainless steel plates and the laminate stack temperatures of about 150 ° F to about 500 ° F and pressures ranging from about 56.25 kg / cm ² to about 112.5 kg / cm ² ( 800 to about 1600 psi) for a time sufficient to solidify the laminate and cure the resins (generally about 25 minutes to one hour). This causes the resin to flow in the paper layer, cure, and solidify the sheets into a composite or uniform laminated mass, which is referred to in the art as a high pressure decorative laminate (HPDL). More than one laminate can be simultaneously formed by placing a plurality of arrayed sheets in a stack, each assembly being separated by a release sheet that permits separation of the individual laminates after solidification. Finally, the decorative laminates are further processed and generally bonded to a reinforcing substrate, such as medium to high density fiberboard, wood / plastic assemblies, woods, plywood, hardboard, asbestos sheets, chipboard, ceramics, filled and unfilled plastics porous rigid foams or the like. If a cushioning effect is desired, the reinforcing substrate may include open cell foam.

The decorative laminate useful in the practice of the present invention may also be obtained by placing the resin impregnated core and decorative sheets between steel-clad, steel or stainless steel plates and the laminate stack at temperatures ranging from about 150 ° F to about 500 ° F and pressures ranging from below about 800 to about 112.5 kg / cm ² (1600 psi) for a time sufficient to solidify the laminate and cure the resins. This causes the resin to flow in the paper sheets, cure and solidify the sheets into a composite or uniform laminated mass known in the art as a low pressure decorative laminate (LPDL).

In addition, according to one embodiment, the reinforcing substrate of the present invention may be made from any suitable extrudable thermoplastic as long as it has the structural and mechanical properties necessary for the desired end use. In particular, it is preferred that the substrate have a compression set that is about equal to or better than conventional medium or high density fiberboard or chipboard (compressive strain measured in accordance with ASTM F970, as the thickness or thickness is a function of compressive stress decreases). Preferably, this decrease in thickness is 140.22 kg / cm ² (2000 psi) at most 0.0254 cm (0.01 inch), more preferably at most 0.0127 cm (0.005 inch), and most preferably at most 0.00254 cm (0.001 inch).

possibly This includes the execution the current one Invention usable reinforcing Substrate one or more members, which stare out of the Urethanes (e.g., RIM foam), poly (acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene) (ref hereinafter referred to as ABS) resins such as e.g. flame retardant ABS resins and Glass filled ABS resins; polycarbonate; high impact polystyrene (HIPS), polystyrene, Rolyphenylene oxide (PPO) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) existing group selected were. Preferably, the reinforcing substrate is composed of one created mixed resin system, which one or more of the above Contains polymers, but not limited thereto is. Furthermore, can filled these polymers or unfilled although in terms of impact resistance and physical Properties filled Polymers are best suited. Preferred fillers include calcium carbonate, Talc, silica (silica), glass fibers, alumina (alumina) and wollastonite, with calcium carbonate and wollastonite being more preferred and the most preferred is calcium carbonate. Non-limiting examples of reinforcing Agents include inorganic or organic products high Molecular weight, which glass microspheres, glass fibers, Asbestos, boron fibers, carbon and graphite fibers, hair crystals, quartz and silica fibers, alumina fibers, molten Fiber materials and organic fibers include. If such conventional Components are used, they are generally in one area of about 0.01 to about Present 50 weight percent of the total weight of the reinforcing substrate element, preferably in a range of about 1 to about 25 weight percent the total weight of the item.

additional optional layers can between the core element and the decorative surface element added be on the back of the reinforcing Substrate element or on the decorative surface element. It is understood that that sublayers and / or decorative layers together with the reinforcing Substrate element extruded or after the extrusion step by any suitable method can be applied.

The panels are preferably water repellent, and more preferably substantially waterproof, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Just like conventional floor panels, the current panels include one decorative layer, a substrate and an undercoat. The decorative layer and the backsheet are each bonded to the substrate in a conventional manner to form the current panel. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which the reinforcing substrate material is a fiberboard, the sublayer, from the bottom up, includes a hydrophobic waterproof layer and three layers of phenol-formaldehyde resin impregnated kraft paper. As with the bottom resin impregnated layer of the decorative layer, the top resin impregnated layer of the bottom layer is sanded or sanded to bond to the substrate. The hydrophobic waterproof layer may be a DYLARK-like compound. DYLARK is a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer made by Nova Chemicals, Inc. DYLARK has excellent bonding properties with phenolic resin impregnated kraft paper. It is believed that the excellent binding properties are a result of the carboxyl groups found on the maleic anhydride of the DYLARK copolymer. The carboxyl groups combine with the phenolic resin to produce a very durable laminate. Although DYLARK is disclosed as the preferred material for the underlying layer of the backsheet, other functionally and structurally equivalent polymers can be utilized without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is not only desirable to prevent moisture from entering the underlayer, but also to maintain the original moisture content of the plate to prevent warping of the plate.

In addition, too when phenol-formaldehyde resin-impregnated Kraft paper in accordance with a preferred embodiment of current Invention, other resin impregnated papers (or similar Materials) without departing from the spirit of the present invention departing. The resin-impregnated layers be in the present Sublayer held to balance the resin impregnated layers, which usually in decorative layers used in conjunction with the underlayer can be being found. This means, as a result of the temperature, the resin-impregnated stretch Layers in the decorative layer and the lower layer in similar Way and pull in similar Way together to the essentially flat configuration of the Maintain base plate. If the resin-impregnated Layers in the lower layer would not be included, the decorative plate would be in another dimension expand and contract as the underclass. That would be one Warping the bottom plate undesirably result to have. As such, one of ordinary skill in the art should understand that The phenol layers can be varied to get a balance between to get the lower layer and the decorative layers.

As according to one Aspect of the invention, the substrate is poly (acrylonitrile-c-butadiene-c-styrene) (ABS) foam. The construction of the underlayer and the substrate results in a waterproof base plate which, for the damaging surrounding conditions, not as they are commonly found in certain environments susceptible is. In particular, the ABS substrate and the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer layer produce a moisture barrier, which the resin impregnated layers before the undesirable Moisture effects protects.

The Floor panels described above are used in the art manufactured known techniques. During production, the plates can be machined be edited to the appropriate recesses in the edges too form or can preferably be prepared so that at least two edges in it while having recesses formed in the plates, and consequently, the amount of material needed to make the plate is reduced. In addition, can the plate of the present Invention according to a embodiment using injection molding techniques, with all edges shaped will be produced.

The connector of the present invention includes a number of embodiments. In the 1 - 5 . 8th - 13 . 23 . 24a - 24c and 26a - 26b However, embodiments shown are not part of the invention, but helpful to understand the invention. Well, with respect to the 1 - 18 In which the same reference numbers are used to designate the components of a connector, end views of various embodiments of the connector are shown 1 shown. The connector 1 includes a base 2 and an approach 15 , The base 2 is a substantially flat part for resting on the floor or a surface to be covered by the assembled panels and connectors. The approach 15 is a projection which is shaped like a "T", which is a vertical beam or a web 3 , and two horizontal flanges 4 and 5 having. The carrier 3 is the vertical part of the "T" and the flanges 4 and 5 are those parts that extend horizontally at the top of the "T." As shown in many exemplary embodiments, the connector has 1 Beads or ridges 6 and 7 on which is vertical from the base 2 , near the distal ends of the base 2 away from the center where the wearer 3 with the base 2 connected, erstre CKEN. In further embodiments, the connector 1 wells 8th and 9 in the upper surface of the base 2 in the immediate vicinity opposite sides of the carrier 3 on. At the distal ends of the flanges 4 and 5 of the T-shaped approach 15 , some embodiments of the connector 1 vertically extending projections 10 and 11 on. In some embodiments, a slot is 12 in the upper end of the T-shaped approach 15 between the vertically extending projections 10 and 11 educated. Embodiments of the connector 1 further include the indentations 13 and 14 which are in the bottom of the proximal ends of the flanges 4 and 5 ; where these with the carrier 3 are connected, are arranged. The system of the present invention preferably includes a connector 1 which has a T-shaped neck and the beads 6 and 7 and the plates having recesses and channels such that two plates can be releasably connected together using the connector in a horizontal and vertical manner without the use of glue or other adhesives.

Of the Connector is preferably less than 6,096 mm (0.240 inches) high.

Of the Connector of the current The invention may be made of materials derived from the Group, which are filled out and unfilled plastics, Rubber, wood compositions, ceramics, metals and combinations consists of it, elected were. Preferably, the connector of the present invention, in use with the preferred laminate floor panels, of metal or plastic. Depending on material and size, can the connectors are made using techniques known in the art, e.g. For example, the connector is preferably made of aluminum.

The Plates of the current Invention include recesses formed therein which are shaped are to record a connector so that when the plates are connected, the upper visible bottom surface consists only of the upper surface of use, i.e. preferably a decorative layer. The connector projections and the Plate recesses are shaped so that when two plates are under Use of a connector of the present invention with each other connected, the plates are connected vertically, that is, when two plates are joined at their edges, move the edges opposite lying plates not relative to each other up or down (vertical) and thus provide a flat uniform joint between the two. In a preferred embodiment, the plates are for example, when connected, against movement relative to each other in the direction of a plane which extends vertically from the support surface and perpendicular extends into engagement.

at a particularly preferred embodiment are, in addition for vertical connection, the plates and connectors shaped so that they have a horizontal connection between adjacent ones Plates at their edges offer, i. if two plates are joined at their edges, the margins Do not move horizontally in the least, what to a gap between lead to adjacent plates would. According to one embodiment For example, when connected, the plates are against movement relative to each other in a direction horizontal to the supporting surface and parallel to it in engagement.

Various non-restrictive embodiments of the connector have been described and, although not shown, are the plates of the present Invention necessarily configured, for example, this Connect to conform to the advantages of the present invention achieve. It goes without saying the plates may be configured to be an exact fit to provide with the connectors or a non-exact fit, so long the benefits of the current Invention can be achieved. For example, where permanent Structure desired is, an embodiment be suitable which space for the accumulation of glue between considered the plates and the connectors. In addition, can it is undesirable be if certain reinforcing Substrate materials are used that the plates and the connectors match exactly, especially if a temporary structure required becomes. Some space between certain parts of the connector tabs and Recesses of the plates can be tolerated as long as the benefits achieved the invention, in particular a resulting Soil, with only the upper surface of use visible with even, even joints is.

The Plates are designed to be detachable with the connectors of the current Connect the invention, that is, although the connectors and plates safely are connected to perform the function of a floor covering, the Plates, if desired, by lifting a plate and pulling the plate away from the connector are removed, with the plate / connector connection disconnected becomes.

The panels of the present invention, according to one embodiment, are constructed so that, when joined together using a connector of the present invention, they always form a dense horizontal uniform joint between the panels. The plates are according to a preferred embodiment so kon designed so that the depth of the recess or the channel in the bottom surface of each plate is always at a certain distance from the upper surface of use. As noted above, these recesses or channels are shaped to receive a projection extending from the base of a connector (preferably a rail) for releasably horizontally interconnecting two plates. As a result, both plates are at the connection point on the connector. Consequently, even if the supporting structure or the underground floor is uneven or not horizontal, the joint is always dense, even and horizontal. Consequently, even if the thickness of the plates varies, a uniform horizontal joint is provided when two plates are joined together because the depth of the recesses or channels in the lower surface of each plate is formed to be a certain distance from the upper surface of use is removed. Therefore, the upper surfaces of use of two adjacent plates will always come to rest at the same height, ie at a certain distance from the base projections of the connector. Preferably, the plates of the present inventive system are in a thickness range of about 6.096 mm (0.240 inches) to about 8.128 mm (0.320 inches). In another embodiment, the plates are less than 2.54 cm (one inch) thick.

The System of the current The invention also provides plates which essentially complete the whole use manufactured top laminate service surface, and thus offers an economic advantage over many systems in the state of the technique. Using the system of the present invention is the circumference of the upper surface of use of the plates, which is machined must be around any part of the already manufactured and paid remove decorative upper surface of use, in high Dimensions reduced. Essentially, the entire upper surface of use produced is attached to the End user sells - what excludes the waste of prior art systems. When a result is the total square footage of the salable item Flooring, which is produced by a plant, increased and the costs are reduced.

In addition will be the connectors of the present Invention not attached to the plates in the factory, and therefore It does not require adhesives or other fasteners which, in turn, reduces material, labor and labor costs Reduced production time. In a preferred embodiment, the plates are made in such a way that all of the necessary recesses formed using injection molding techniques. at another preferred embodiment, in which the reinforcing Means substrate of the plate is extruded, only two edges need to machine be edited in order to form recesses in it - the others two edges, which run in the machine direction, are during the Extrusion formed. All two above provide additional Savings due to the fact that the amount of used reinforcing Medium substrate material is reduced, i. never been produced.

The System of the current The invention also provides plates which are less susceptible to damage as tongue and groove systems in the prior art. It is known, for example, that the springs of the plates during transport, handling and even assembly and disassembly across from damage susceptible are. If a spring is broken or significantly deformed, she can not engage the groove of an adjacent plate and has become unusable. The plates of the present invention do not contain feathers - they have only recesses or grooves formed therein. It is difficult, if not impossible, a recess or Groove during transport, handling, assembly and disassembly. consequently are the plates of the present Invention more resistant as many plates in the prior art. That's a significant one Advantage in relation to the use of plates for "floating Floors' surfaces and temporary Floor constructions, which are common removed and put together again become. The system of the present Invention provides connectors (preferably made of metal), which is pretty sturdy and lightweight and economical to replace are, compared to the cost of a new record. The current innovative Systems significantly reduce the risk if they are not exclude one Plate to that extent to damage, that they are not functional is.

The floor system of the present invention provides a floor surface which is easy to repair and / or replace. The panels of the present inventive system do not require a one-way laying sequence so that a damaged panel can be removed and replaced by first removing adjacent panels in either direction. Adjacent plates may be removed in a direction having the least number of plates so as to facilitate removal and replacement. The current inventive system substantially reduces the time and inconvenience of removing and replacing disks. Further, since the floor can be laid in multiple directions, more than one person can simultaneously lay different parts of a single floor surface. According to an assembly process, the plates are in a centra Laying part of the floor area and the plates are added from the center to the outside. This is particularly advantageous in relation to the installation of large floor areas, eg retail space.

The Plates of the current innovative system also offer much more aesthetic flexibility as plates according to the prior art. For example, because the plates not right-handed or left-handed, i.e. one-way or unidirectional, but instead Because each border is identical, each can be multidirectional single plate can be arranged in a soil surface, the in the most obvious Way is misplaced. moreover leave the plates of the present systems according to the invention flexibility in designing and constructing parquet-like floor surfaces. It is known, for example, that a plate is usually made in this way is that the grain runs in the machine direction; there however, the plates of the present Invention are multidirectional, can change the direction of the grain on the soil surface slightly changed be to a parquet floor or any grained soil to build.

The Plates of the current innovative system also reduce the waste during the Floor construction. In the plates of the present invention, this means that each plate is designed with grooves on all edges so that any plate part, which after completion of the floor up to a part of the end wall left over stays, maybe Also usable is to still part of the floor to the end wall to complete.

The Plates of the current inventive system are designed to be used to join two Plates is not necessary, a plate at an angle relative to hold the other plate and place the new plate in place to bend down. The fact that the plates are characterized by each other that can be connected two squeezed together or -jumped be while they are in the same plane is very advantageous in terms of the laying of certain floor surface parts due to various physical limits, such as the interface between a soil surface and a focal point, a challenge.

Now referring to 6 shows the preferred embodiment of the connector 1 the present invention a basis 2 , an approach 15 as well as beads 6 and 7 on which of the approach 15 spaced and located on each side thereof and vertically from the base 2 protrude. The beads 6 and 7 are preferably rounded off at the top as shown and gradually run out, ie they decrease in height when viewed from the center of the base 2 moved towards the end of the same. Consequently, the part of the beads which is closest to the center of the base extends 2 and the approach 15 is located vertically farthest.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the connector 1 of the current inventive system is in 14 shown. The scale of 14 is nine times the actual size. However, it should also be understood that, although not shown, the basis 2 of the connector 1 can be constructed so that it does not touch the supporting structure, ie, that the connector is completely surrounded by the two connecting plates.

Regarding 19A and 19B FIGS. 5 and 5 are plan and end views, respectively, of a square plate 20 shown. The plate 20 has an upper wear surface 21 , a middle substrate 22 and a sub-layer area 23 , In the embodiment shown, the plate 20 four grooves 24 in the middle substrate 22 in each of the four sides of the plate 20 on. Furthermore, the plate has 20 four channels 25 in the sub-layer area 23 which are parallel to and a little bit from each of the four sides of the plate 20 run at a distance.

In an alternative embodiment (not shown), there are two or more channels 25 in the sub-layer area 23 to each side of the plate 20 formed adjacent. Of course, the connector has 1 in this embodiment, two or more corresponding beads ( 6 or 7 ) on each side of the connector.

A connector for connecting plates, as shown in FIG 19A and 19B are illustrated in 20A - 20C shown. Shown are plan views, end and side views of the connector 1 , The connector 1 has a base as previously described 2 and an approach 15 , The base 2 has two beads 6 and 7 on the upper surface. The approach 15 has a carrier 3 and two flanges 4 and 5 , The approach 15 has a slot 12 in his shell. The ends of the connector 1 are angled at 45 degrees (see 20A ) around end surfaces 16 to accomplish. Because the end surfaces 16 cut off at the same end, each at 45 degrees, is in the middle of the connector 1 At each end a 90 degree angle is formed.

As in 21 As shown, an assembled bottom section includes square plates 20 by connector 1 connected to each other. The end surfaces 16 two connectors 1 are brought into contact with each other, with the connectors on adjacent sides of a single plate 20 be attached. An advantage of this configuration is that the upper surfaces of use of the plates 20 completely from the connectors 1 even at the corners, where the connectors 1 meet, be worn.

In an alternative embodiment, some of the plates become 20 made in triangular shapes. Triangular shapes extend the decorative possibilities for the assembled flooring. One possible arrangement of a mounted floor part is in 22 shown. Of course, different connectors will be used 1 needed to connect the triangular plates. In some cases, they must have end surfaces that are cut to 22.5 degrees and in other cases to 45 degrees.

In further embodiments, the plates have quadrangular, rectangular, triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal and octagonal geometries. According to the mounting systems of the present invention, it is possible to mount panels having these geometries because the panels and connectors are mounted while the panels are laid flat on the supporting subfloor. In 27 For example, a plan view of hexagonal plates 20 shown in a partially assembled floor system. Although the connectors 1 used to make the connections between the plates 20 are the connectors 1 not shown for reasons of simplification. The plate 20b is for connection to the plates 20f and 20g positioned. Because the plates 20f and 20g already assembled, lie flat on the supporting subfloor. The plate 20b is connected by the fact that the plate 20b placed flat on the subfloor and to the plates 20f and 20g is pushed. Contact with the plates 20f and 20g is made at the same time and the plate 20b snaps into engagement with the connectors (not shown) between the plates. Similarly, plate is 20a in position for connection to the plates 20c . 20d and 20e shown. The plate 20a is placed on the subfloor adjacent to the other plates so that it lies in the same plane as the other plates. plate 20a then becomes the plates 20b . 20c and 20d pushed until simultaneous contact with the plates is made.

18 best illustrates a disk / connector assembly. The plates 20 be at the connector 1 attached by a flange 4 . 5 a connector 1 in a groove 24 a plate 20 "Snap in." The first contact is made by the flange 4 . 5 in a groove 24 is introduced. If the plate 20 and the connector 1 move towards each other, pushes the bead 6 . 7 over the sub-layer area 23 the plate. If the plate 20 and the connector 1 are completely merged, the flange extends 4 . 5 entirely in the groove 24 inside and the bead 6 . 7 "Snaps" into the channel 25 one. Throughout the process remain the basis 2 of the connector 1 and the plate 20 essentially in the same plane. Because the connectors 1 and the plates 20 while remaining in the same plane during assembly, it is possible to simultaneously connect one plate to several other plates. This in-plane "snap" assembly process allows the use of plates of various geometries as described above.

Regarding 23 Another configuration for a floor covering of the present invention is shown, which includes panels that are rectangularly shaped. In this embodiment, the plates 20 connected by two different types of connectors: longitudinal connectors 30 and cross connectors 31 , In one embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal connectors span 30 several plates 20 and are therefore much longer than any given plate 20 in the longitudinal direction. In a further embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal connectors 30 about the same length as the plates 20 in the longitudinal direction. The cross connectors 31 have approximately the same length as the width of the plates 20 , The cross connectors 31 extend at right angles between two adjacent, parallel, longitudinal connectors 30 , At the in 23 shown configuration, is every set of plates 20 which extends from end to end in the longitudinal direction, offset from each adjacent plate set, which extends from end to end in the longitudinal direction. Since the plates terminate at different locations on each side of a particular longitudinal connector, the arrangement is much stronger because the joints are more evenly distributed throughout the assembly. If the ends of all panels were not offset from one row to the next, weak spots in the floor would occur in a "four corner" area where the adjacent cross connectors 31 on a single longitudinal connector 30 are attached. Also for similar reasons, in some embodiments of the invention, the ends of the longitudinal connectors fall 30 not with the long ends of the plates 20 together so that the connectors have at least two consecutive plates 20 span.

With reference to the 24A to 24C are top and side views of a cross connector 31 shown. Similar to the previously described connectors, this cross connector has 31 One Base 2 and an approach 15 on. The approach 15 consists of a carrier 3 and flanges 4 and 5 , The cross connector 31 also includes beads 6 and 7 , which at opposite ends of the base 2 are arranged. A significant feature of the cross connector 31 is that approach 15 is longer than the base 2 , Consequently, the approach extends 15 over the base at both ends 2 out. As in 24C shown there are at both ends of the neck 15 cutouts 32 and 33 , The shape and dimensions of the cutouts 32 and 33 correspond to the negative images the beads 6 and 7 ,

A view of one at two longitudinal connectors 30 mounted cross connector 31 is in 25 shown. The longitudinal connectors 30 are viewed from the end, while the cross connector 31 viewed from the side. The longitudinal connectors 30 are aligned in parallel while the cross connector 31 between and at right angles to the longitudinal connectors 30 is arranged. A section 32 of the cross connector 31 is just above the bead 7 of the longitudinal connector arranged on the right side. As shown in the figure, the cutout is located 33 of the cross connector 31 immediately above the bead 6 of the longitudinal connector 30 on the left side. As previously explained, the approach extends 15 of the cross connector 31 over parts of the bases 2 the longitudinal connector 30 ,

Regarding 26A to 26B Figures are shown plan views and end views of a rectangular plate. This plate 20 is particularly suitable for mounting with the longitudinal and transverse connectors, which in 23 to 25 are described. Similar to the plates described above, this plate has an upper surface of use 21 , a middle substrate 22 and a sub-layer area 23 , The plate 20 also has a groove 24 to with the flanges 4 and 5 the connector 30 and 31 to fit together. The groove 24 extends around the entire circumference of the plate 20 around. The plate 20 also has four channels 25 which run parallel to each of the four sides of the plate. The channels 25 are in the lower or the lower layer area 23 the plate 20 cut or formed therein. The channels 25 extend completely from one side of the plate to the other. The channels 25 the plate 20 are adapted to with the beads 6 and 7 the longitudinal and transverse connectors 30 and 31 match.

Even though the particular embodiments for floor systems and their components as shown and disclosed in detail herein was, completely are able to achieve the objectives and advantages mentioned hereinbefore, It should be understood that they are only the preferred embodiments of the invention and that no other limitations through the details of the design or the design shown here than those described in the appended claims are, are intended.

Claims (10)

A releasable tie-down floor system for use in forming a temporary or permanent laminate floor surface of individual floor panels on a support structure, the system comprising: two or more laminate floor panels and at least one connector ( 1 wherein the floor panels include an upper wear surface, a reinforcing substrate material, a lower surface for contact with the support structure, and at least three edges with identical recesses formed therein for receiving a projection. 3 . 4 . 5 ) are formed by the connector, wherein in the lower surfaces of the panels also channels are formed, which are designed so that they nose ( 6 . 7 ) of the connector, characterized in that the connector is a base ( 2 ) with a projection extending vertically therefrom ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) comprising a support section and left and right sections ( 4 . 5 ) which are each angled upwardly from the support portion and are inclined with respect to the base, the lower surface of each of the left and right portions comprising a sloped end portion, the projection being shaped to be releasably connected to the base Recesses is received in the edges of the panels, wherein the base of the connector further two lugs ( 6 . 7 ) which extend vertically from each side of the base spaced from the projection and are shaped to be releasably received in the channels of the lower surface of the panels, the resulting visible floor surface when the panels are joined using the connector are only made up of the upper wear surface of the panels, with the base end faces ( 16 ) having two sides angled away from the center of the base, the angle occupied by each side being half of the angle of the respective adjacent two edges of the panel adjacent to that side, if this panel corresponds to This side of the connector is connected, is formed. The system of claim 1, wherein the laminate floor panels between about 6.1 mm (0.240 inches) and about 8.1 mm (0.320 inches) thick are. A system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing substrate material the panels from the group of materials consisting of medium density fibreboard, high density fibreboard, wood / plastic compositions, Wooden, Ceramics, stuffed Plastics, filled Plastics and closed-cell rigid foams and combinations selected from it is. The system of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the connector selected from a material from the group consisting of metals, filled plastics, filled plastics, Rubbers, ceramics, wood compositions and combinations thereof consists. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the recesses in the edges of the Pa extend substantially along the entire length of the edges and in which the connector between its end faces is substantially as long as at least one edge of one of the panels. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the distance between the base of the connector and the top vertical section of the protrusion is less than about 6.1 mm (0.240 inches). System according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the geometry each panel from the group of geometries consisting of square, Rectangle, triangle, pentagon, Hexagon and octagon is selected. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the angle 45 °. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the angle 22.5 °. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the angle 60 °.