DE560138C - Process for the production of metal coatings on porous insulating bodies, in particular on insulating tubes of indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge vessels - Google Patents
Process for the production of metal coatings on porous insulating bodies, in particular on insulating tubes of indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge vesselsInfo
- Publication number
- DE560138C DE560138C DEM109275D DEM0109275D DE560138C DE 560138 C DE560138 C DE 560138C DE M109275 D DEM109275 D DE M109275D DE M0109275 D DEM0109275 D DE M0109275D DE 560138 C DE560138 C DE 560138C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- insulating
- platinum
- production
- electrical discharge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallüberzügen auf porösen Isolierkörpern, insbesondere auf Isolierröhrchen von indirekt beheizten Kathoden elektrischer Entladungsgefäße Die Erfindung bezieht sich darauf, Platinüberzüge herzustellen an Gegenständen, die elektrolytisch nicht oder nur unter Schwierigkeiten und Nachteilen mit Platin überzogen werden können. Vor allem, wenn es gilt, Isolierstoffe mit Platin zu überziehen, ist dies Verfahren gut anwendbar.Process for the production of metal coatings on porous insulating bodies, especially on insulating tubes of indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge vessels The invention relates to the production of platinum coatings on objects, electrolytically not or only with difficulties and disadvantages with platinum can be coated. Especially when it comes to coating insulation materials with platinum, this method is well applicable.
Besondere Bedeutung erlangt es für elektrische Entladungsgefäße, die indirekt beheizte Elektroden besitzen, d. h. bei denen eine Emissionsfläche unter Zwischenlagerung einer leitenden Metallschicht auf einem Isolierstück aufgebracht ist, das durch einen Heizkörper geheizt wird.It is of particular importance for electrical discharge vessels that have indirectly heated electrodes, d. H. where an emission area is below Intermediate storage of a conductive metal layer applied to an insulating piece that is heated by a radiator.
Die zwischengelagerte Metallschicht, die vorteilhaft aus Platin besteht, kann nicht auf beliebige Weise aufgebracht werden. Bei Anwendung der Elektrolyse z. B. müßte man das Isolierstück in das galvanische Bad eintauchen. Das Isoliermaterial würde je nach seiner Beschaffenheit mehr oder weniger Substanz aus dem Bad, außer dem aufgebrachten Platin, aufnehmen, und diese Substanz würde, in die Entladungsbahn abgegeben, Störungen hervorrufen.The intermediate metal layer, which advantageously consists of platinum, cannot be applied in any way. When using electrolysis z. B. one would have to immerse the insulating piece in the galvanic bath. The insulating material would, depending on its nature, more or less substance from the bath, except the applied platinum, and this substance would, in the discharge path given, cause disturbances.
Man hat zwar schon versucht, auf einen Isolierstoff, wie Kaolin, einen Metallüberzug in der Weise aufzubringen, daß erst eine Platinchloridlösung aufgebracht und danach eine Erhitzung zwecks Zersetzung des Platinchlorids an Platin und Chlor vorgenommen wird; jedoch zieht dann die Platinchloridlösung in das Isoliermaterial ein. Je nach der Porosität an verschiedenen Stellen der Oberfläche wird es verschieden tief das Isoliermaterial durchsetzen. Bei der nachfolgenden Erhitzung entsteht also nicht ein oberflächlicher Überzug von Platin, sondern es entsteht eine mehr oder weniger tiefe, in das Innere des Isoliermaterials eindringende Verteilung von Platinkörnchen, die unter Umständen gar keinen Zusammenhang miteinander besitzen.One has already tried to use an insulating material such as kaolin To apply metal coating in such a way that only a platinum chloride solution is applied and then heating to decompose the platinum chloride into platinum and chlorine is made; however, the platinum chloride solution will then be drawn into the insulating material a. It becomes different depending on the porosity at different points on the surface deeply penetrate the insulating material. During the subsequent heating, therefore, arises not a superficial coating of platinum, but rather one more or less deep distribution of platinum grains penetrating into the interior of the insulating material, which may not have any connection with each other.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nun der Platinüberzug in folgender Weise hergestellt: Das zu überziehende Isolierstück wird durch eine Wärmequelle, z. B. durch einen eingezogenen Heizdraht, falls es ein Röhrchen ist, auf etwa 750' C erhitzt. 'Sodann wird es mit einer Lösung von Platinchlorid bestrichen. Unter der Einwirkung der Hitze zersetzt sich das Platinchlorid, und es bleibt ein festhaftender Platinüberzug auf dem Isolierstück zurück. Wenn also das Isoliermaterial zuerst erhitzt wird, verdampft sofort beim Aufbringen des Platinchlorids auf die Oberfläche des Isoliermaterials das Lösungsmittel, und das Chlor verflüchtigt sich, so daß das zurückbleibende Platin unmittelbar auf der Oberfläche haftenbleibt und dort einen zusammenhängenden Überzug bildet. Es mag erwähnt werden, daß nicht nur die Eigenschaften des Überzuges dadurch besser werden, sondern daß auch eine Ersparnis an Platin stattfindet, die bei dem teuren Preis des Platins bei größeren Mengen erheblich ins Gewicht fällt.According to the invention, the platinum coating is now produced in the following way: The insulating piece to be coated is supplied by a heat source, e.g. B. by a retracted heating wire, if it is a tube, heated to about 750 ° C. It is then coated with a solution of platinum chloride. Under the action of the heat, the platinum chloride decomposes and a firmly adhering platinum coating remains on the insulating piece. If the insulating material is heated first, the solvent evaporates immediately when the platinum chloride is applied to the surface of the insulating material, and the chlorine evaporates, so that the remaining platinum adheres directly to the surface and forms a cohesive coating there. It may be mentioned that this not only improves the properties of the coating, but also that there is a saving in platinum which, given the expensive price of platinum in larger quantities, is of considerable importance.
Das Bestreichen kann so oft wiederholt werden, bis der Überzug dick genug ist. Ein Überzug jiön - etwa o,ooi inm Dicke hat sich bereits gls- durchaus brauchbar erwiesen. Die Schichtdicke kann 'nicht beliebig sein. Wenn sie zu dünn gewählt wird, entsteht bei längerem Betrieb eine Unterbrechung des elektrischen Zusammenhanges des Metalls, ist sie zu dick, so wird durch die große strahlende Oberfläche eine übermäßige Erhitzung des der Metallschicht abgewandten Teiles des Isolierstückes erforderlich.The coating can be repeated as often will be up the coating is thick enough. A coating jiön - about o, ooi in thickness has already become gls- proved quite useful. The layer thickness cannot be arbitrary. if If it is chosen too thin, there will be an interruption in the electrical connection during prolonged operation Connection of the metal, if it is too thick, the large one makes it radiant Excessive heating of the part of the surface facing away from the metal layer Isolation piece required.
Am günstigsten hat sich eine Kombination erwiesen, bei der als Isolierstoff ein Metalloxyd gewählt wird, das, unter stark exothermischer Reaktion entstanden, noch bei -sehr - hohen Temperaturen physikalisch und chemisch unveränderlich ist, z.. B. Aluminiumoxyd oder Magnesiumoxyd, das mit einem Überzug eines ebenfalls hochschmelzenden, edlen Metalls, wie z. B. Platin oder Palladium, überzogen wird.A combination has proven to be the most favorable, as an insulating material a metal oxide is chosen that was created under a strongly exothermic reaction, is physically and chemically unchangeable even at -very -high temperatures, e.g. aluminum oxide or magnesium oxide, which is coated with a high-melting point, noble metal, such as B. platinum or palladium is coated.
Falls man Überzüge anderer Metalle bevorzugt, muß man, um den Isolierkörper von Verunreinigungen frei zu halten, ebenfalls Verbindungen wählen, die sich in der Hitze in Metall und gasförmigen,Bestandteil zersetzen.If you prefer coatings of other metals, you have to around the insulating body to keep them free from impurities, also choose compounds that are in The heat will decompose into metal and gaseous, constituent.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM109275D DE560138C (en) | 1929-03-16 | 1929-03-16 | Process for the production of metal coatings on porous insulating bodies, in particular on insulating tubes of indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge vessels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM109275D DE560138C (en) | 1929-03-16 | 1929-03-16 | Process for the production of metal coatings on porous insulating bodies, in particular on insulating tubes of indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge vessels |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE560138C true DE560138C (en) | 1932-09-29 |
Family
ID=7326668
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM109275D Expired DE560138C (en) | 1929-03-16 | 1929-03-16 | Process for the production of metal coatings on porous insulating bodies, in particular on insulating tubes of indirectly heated cathodes of electrical discharge vessels |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE560138C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3449162A (en) * | 1965-09-17 | 1969-06-10 | Analytic Systems Co | Method of making oxygen measuring cells |
-
1929
- 1929-03-16 DE DEM109275D patent/DE560138C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3449162A (en) * | 1965-09-17 | 1969-06-10 | Analytic Systems Co | Method of making oxygen measuring cells |
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