DE510409C - Arrangement for keying in high-frequency systems with static frequency converters - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED ON
OCTOBER 23, 1930

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 21 a * GROUP

Patented in the German Empire on February 4, 1926

In high-frequency systems with static iron-saturated frequency converters, the Difficulty arises from the fact that such systems are not switched on start easily by itself, i.e. not easily the ones required for full performance Immediately generate currents in the frequency converter and in the antenna. You can if the frequency converter for keying

ίο provided with a DC auxiliary magnetization is to use this direct current magnetization to make the switched-on system start up. That However, keying by means of auxiliary magnetization of the frequency converter is not the best keying method; because it requires a significant volt-ampere consumption on the feeler winding, and yet the feeler speed drops because of the magnetic inertia of the frequency converter, much to be desired.

It was previously of the opinion that - apart from the mentioned method of starting of the system by changing the DC auxiliary magnetization - safe starting the system can only be brought about in such a way that one first significantly reduces the number of revolutions of the machine and only after the system has started up to the normal value, or in such a way that the Excitation as well as the voltage of the generator before jumping in to an abnormally large one Brings value and only afterwards humiliates it or finally in such a way that one before stepping in, the self-induction of the frequency converter branch is temporarily reduced (e.g. by short-circuiting part of the frequency converter).

However, more detailed investigations have shown that it is possible, at normal speed and normal excitation of the high-frequency machine, to put the system into full operation simply by closing the machine switch, if one only considers the ratio of the variables , their loading

Wp

interpretation is given below, appropriately selects. (It is noteworthy that in this way the generation of the useful frequency in the frequency transformer takes place without any occurrence of the breakover resonance.) The meaning of the variables W ₁ and w _p is from FIG. 1, which shows the known switching resonance.

* J The following has been indicated by the patent seeker as the inventor:

Mendel Osnos in Berlin.

with a static frequency converter.

In this, e denotes the high-frequency machine, w _p a parallel apparent resistance for the complete or partial discharge of the machine from the wattless current, W ₁ the total resulting apparent resistance of the machine circuit I including machine reactance and supply lines up to ίο the terminals of the parallel branch, / the Frequency converter, W _{2 is} the resulting apparent resistance of all other parts of branch II of the frequency converter. III is a secondary circuit of the frequency converter to which the increased frequency is fed and which can be an antenna circuit or an intermediate circuit or also contain a further frequency increase stage.

It should also be noted that the circuit according to Fig. Ι is to be regarded as a general scheme for all circuits electrically equivalent to it: B. if W _{p is} inductive, this scheme can cover both the case that the two circuits I and II are coupled via a common single-coil inductance, as well as the case that the coupling is less tight, ie by means of two coils acting inductively on one another takes place; In this latter case, the circuit can always be reduced to an ideal equivalent substitute scheme (FIG. 1) in a known manner by converting to the same number of turns of the two coupling parts, taking into account the primary and secondary scatter.

The invention is based on the knowledge that if you put the arrangement so meets that the key is not in the frequency converter, but by influencing the Machine circuit or coupling resistance,

thus also their relationship - ~

Wp

one no special events for

♦ 5 needs to be met by the system starting up by closing the Switch starts automatically when the Ver

he follows

ratio

Wp

according to the absolute amount

So speaking big is chosen.

The keying speed can be significantly higher than when keying in the frequency converter.

You have to do that for this purpose

relationship choose so that the

condition

is satisfied,

Wp I ₁ COStpx

whereby the absolute value, i _x the machine _{current, Cp 1} the phase angle between Z ₁ and the EMF of the machine and / ₂ the fundamental-frequency current of the frequency transformer branch.

In this area of comes, ^6s

Wp

As I said, the system can be opened simply by closing the machine switch (with normal Excitation and normal number of revolutions of the machine) by itself immediately in full activity. Of course, it is assumed that the antenna and its pre-circles are properly matched.

If one changes this ratio by some measure (changing W ₁ or W _p or both at the same time), ie after the plant has come into operation, so that it falls outside the limit mentioned, the plant is detuned and the useful current can drop to zero % _0. So you can change the system by changing the ratio or what

the same means - of the relation ---

. . ^Wp

Keys.

It has been shown, however, that the greater the stated value of himself the

approaches the upper limit, the smaller its change must be in order to detune the system, d. H. the closer the mentioned ratio is to the upper limit, the faster can be felt.

It has also been shown that it is useful to change the ratio k _e j _m transition from line to break

make in the direction that the machine current at the break compared to the EMF lags more than with dash.

So z. For example, if W _{1 is} an inductive and Wp _{a capacitive resistor, W 1 will be} increased or Wp decreased at the transition from line to pause, or both of these changes will be made at the same time.

Some of the circuits that are particularly suitable for the specified tactile method are shown schematically in Fig. 2 to 4a.

In the circuit according to FIG. 2, the n ₀ parallel resistance w _p consists of a capacitance C; the possibly inductive resistance W ₁ consists of the sum of the reactances of the machine, the air throttle I ₁ and the supply lines. It is keyed in the n ₅ manner that another air throttle d , which is located in this circuit and is short-circuited by a line through a key, is switched on for pause by opening the key.

This ironless tactile inductance d can also be switched in the same way as in the

Claims (11)

5104 (H) Fig. 2a is shown. Here it is in series with a constant inductance b and, together with this, parallel to a further inductance a. In order to reduce the tactile currents of the tactile organs as much as possible and to relieve the tactile load, it can be expedient to couple this with the tactile inductance d , which is to be switched on and off, not directly galvanically, but rather by means of a transformer. Such a circuit is shown in Fig. 2b. Here the key t is transformer-coupled to the self-induction d by means of a secondary coil _{d 1.} d _t is expediently with L5 made significantly more turns than ^ in order to reduce the currents to be switched through t as far as possible. By matching tuning elements located in the circuit of the key t , for example a self-induction m and ao a capacitance ", this circuit is matched to a short circuit in such a way that when the key is closed, the terminal voltage of the primary coil d disappears or is only small, which is equivalent to its short circuit. Instead of an ironless touch inductance, you can of course use a well-known key-iron choke d with additional direct current excitation g ("Fig. 3), the inductance of which is reduced by direct current saturation in the case of a line and increased by reducing or completely switching off the direct current excitation during a break. In this case, too, it can be advantageous to place an air throttle parallel to the iron probe throttle d as shown in FIG. 3a. In the circuit of Fig. 4, the system is scanned by the change in the apparent resistance of the parallel branch, in that the resulting parallel capacitance is increased for the pause, z. B. by adding an additional capacity Ct. Of course, here too - similar to FIG. 2b - the key can be coupled by means of a transformer to the circuit to be influenced by it. This is shown in Fig. 4a. Here, too, the primary coil d is completely switched off when the button t is opened , and when the button t is short-circuited as a result of the corresponding coordination of the elements m and ti, the transformer is short-circuited. Ct may or may not be present here. PxVent claims: i. Arrangement for keys in high-frequency systems with static frequency converters, especially without direct current magnetization, by influencing the machine circuit or coupling circuit resistance, characterized in that the relationship Wp of the machine circuit resistance (JC ₁ ) to the coupling resistance [Wp) is chosen in terms of absolute value so "large that the system starts with normal excitation and speed of the machine simply by closing the switch between the machine and the system and develops the full current in the antenna . 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of W ₁ at line (with appropriate adjustment of W _n ) approaches its upper limit as possible, at which the safe inactivity of the system is still possible. 3. A method for keying the arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the change in the resistances (JF ₁ or Wp) takes place in the transition from line to pause in the direction that the machine current lags the internal voltage at pause. 4. A method for touching the arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inductive resistance (W ₁ ) and capacitive parallel resistance (Wp) of the former is increased at the transition to pause. 5. Arrangement according to claim 1 with inductive resistance (W ₁ ) and capacitive parallel resistance (w _p ), characterized by an ironless (Fig. 2) or iron-containing (Fig. 3) tactile reactance (d) in the machine circuit. 6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that an ironless tactile reactance (d) in series with a constant inductance (b) and these two are parallel to a third ironless inductance («) (Fig. 2a). 7. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the ferrous tactile reactance (d) is parallel to a further ironless inductance (Fig. 3a). 8. A method for keying the arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inductive resistance (W ₁ ) and capacitive parallel resistance (Wp) of the latter is reduced in the transition to pause (Fig. 4 and 4a). 9. A method for keying the arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inductive resistance (W ₁ ) and capacitive parallel resistance (W _n ) of the former is increased and at the same time the latter is reduced. 10. Arrangement according to claim 1 or the following, characterized in that the circuit of the button is transformer-coupled with the branch to be controlled (Figures 2b and 4a). 11. The arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the circuit of the key is matched by appropriate tuning elements such that when the key (t) is closed, the touch inductance (d) regulated by it is short-circuited by a transformer. 1 sheet of drawings