DE500864C - Control device - Google Patents
Control deviceInfo
- Publication number
- DE500864C DE500864C DEA55264D DEA0055264D DE500864C DE 500864 C DE500864 C DE 500864C DE A55264 D DEA55264 D DE A55264D DE A0055264 D DEA0055264 D DE A0055264D DE 500864 C DE500864 C DE 500864C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- steam
- nozzle
- jet
- speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/141—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path
- F01D17/145—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path by means of valves, e.g. for steam turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/02—Arrangement of sensing elements
- F01D17/06—Arrangement of sensing elements responsive to speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/20—Devices dealing with sensing elements or final actuators or transmitting means between them, e.g. power-assisted
- F01D17/205—Centrifugal governers directly linked to valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05D2270/304—Spool rotational speed
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Description
Es sind Regeleinrichtungen bekannt, bei denen ein Flüssigkeitsstrahl aus einer Düse auf eine Auffangdüse geleitet wird, wodurch durch Veränderung der gegenseitigen Lage von Auffang- und Druckdüse oder durch Ablenken des Flüssigkeitsstrahles durch die zu regelnde Größe, wie Drehzahl, Druck, Temperatur usw., der Druck in der Auffangdüse verändert wird, zum Zwecke, in einem an der Auffangdüse angeschlossenen Kraftzylinder oder Membrangehäuse eine veränderliche Kraft und damit die Bewegung eines Regulierorgans, z. B. der Dampfeinlaßventile einer Turbine, zu bewirken. Als Strahlflüssigkeit wird in der Regel Öl von einer besonderen Hilfsölpumpe oder Wasser von einer Wasserkraftleitung verwendet.Control devices are known in which a jet of liquid emerges from a nozzle a collecting nozzle is directed, whereby by changing the mutual position of collecting and pressure nozzle or by deflecting the liquid jet by the size to be controlled, such as speed, pressure, temperature, etc., the pressure in the collecting nozzle is changed to Purposes, in a power cylinder or membrane housing connected to the collecting nozzle a variable force and thus the movement of a regulating organ, e.g. B. the steam inlet valves of a turbine to effect. As a rule, the jet fluid used is oil from a special auxiliary oil pump or water from a hydropower pipeline.
Es sind ferner Vorrichtungen bekannt zum Ein- und Ausschalten von Druckwirkungen mittels eines zwischen Düsen übertretenden Luft-, Gas- oder Dampfstrahles, um periodisch wiederkehrende Druckstöße auftreten zu lassen.Devices are also known for switching pressure effects on and off by means of an air, gas or steam jet passing between nozzles to periodically to allow recurring pressure surges to occur.
Diesen bekannten Einrichtungen gegenüberOpposite these well-known institutions
unterscheidet sich die Regelvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung dadurch, daß nicht ein Strahlrohr verschoben oder ein Ablenkkörper in den Strahl eingeführt wird, sondern daß der Strahl durch mehrere mit den Schwunggewichten eines Drehzahlreglers verbundene Ablenkkörper periodisch mehr oder weniger abgeschnitten wird, wodurch ein veränderlicher Druck in der Auffangdüse und damit eine pulsierende Bewegung der Regulierorgane entsteht. Diese pulsierende Bewegung, die bekanntlich bei anderen Steuerungen künstlich erzeugt wird, verhindert das Festsitzen der Steuerung, während der Grad des Eindringens der Ablenkkörper in den Strahl den Steuerdruck bestimmt.the control device according to the invention differs in that it does not have a jet pipe shifted or a deflector is introduced into the beam, but that the beam passes through periodically several deflecting bodies connected to the flyweights of a speed controller is more or less cut off, creating a variable pressure in the collecting nozzle and so that a pulsating movement of the regulating organs occurs. This pulsating movement which is known to be artificially generated in other controls, prevents the sticking of the Control, while the degree of penetration of the deflector into the jet, the control pressure certainly.
In der beiliegenden Abbildung ist die Anordnung der vorliegenden Steuerungsart auf die Drehzahlregulierung einer Dampfturbine dargestellt, α ist das Turbinenrad, b die Dampfzuleitung, c der Dampfauslaß, d das Dampfregulierventil, das den Zutritt des Dampfes zu den Düsen e der Turbine steuert. Die Spindel f dieses Ventils wird von der Platte g bewegt, auf die einerseits die Feder h und andererseits der regulierte Dampfdruck wirkt. Dieser Dampf strömt durch das Rohr i und die Düse k auf das Staurohr I, in dem der volle Geschwindigkeitsdruck erzeugt wird. Der Zentrifugalregulator in trägt Platten n, die bei Zunahme der Drehzahl nach außen schwingen und dadurch dieStrömung des Dampfes von der Düse k nach dem Staurohr I mehr oder weniger unterbrechen. Dadurch wird bei zunehmender Drehzahl der Druck über der Membran des Regulierventils im Raum 0 kleiner, wodurch der Dampfzufluß zu den Düsen e von der Spindel f gedrosselt wird.The attached figure shows the arrangement of the present type of control on the speed regulation of a steam turbine, α is the turbine wheel, b the steam supply line, c the steam outlet, d the steam regulating valve, which controls the entry of steam to the nozzles e of the turbine. The spindle f of this valve is moved by the plate g on which the spring h acts on the one hand and the regulated steam pressure on the other hand. This steam flows through the tube i and the nozzle k onto the pitot tube I, in which the full velocity pressure is generated. The centrifugal governor in n carries plates that oscillate with increasing speed to the outside and thereby dieStrömung of the steam from the nozzle k for the Pitot tube I more or less interrupt. As a result, as the speed increases, the pressure across the diaphragm of the regulating valve in space 0 becomes smaller, as a result of which the flow of steam to the nozzles e is throttled by the spindle f.
Um einen solchen Dampf- oder Gasstrahl für die Regulierung verwenden zu können, müssen trotz veränderlichem Druckgefälle in der Maschine die Verhältnisse an der Strahleinrichtung unverändert bleiben, d. h. es muß sowohl der Strahldruck vor der Druckdüse k als auch der Druck zwischen der Druckdüse und der Auffangdüse / unveränderlich sein. Als unveränderliche Drücke sind bei einer Turbine z. B. der Frischdampfdruck und eine Stelle atmosphärischenIn order to be able to use such a steam or gas jet for regulation, the conditions at the jet device must remain unchanged despite the variable pressure gradient in the machine, i.e. both the jet pressure in front of the pressure nozzle k and the pressure between the pressure nozzle and the collecting nozzle / be immutable. The constant pressures are in a turbine z. B. the live steam pressure and one point atmospheric
Druckes gegeben oder eines konstant gehaltenen Gegendruckes; bei Gebläsen und Kompressoren kann der selbsttätig konstant gehaltene Enddruck und der auf Atmosphärendruck liegende Saugdruck benutzt werden.Given pressure or a constant back pressure; for fans and compressors the automatically kept constant final pressure and the suction pressure, which is at atmospheric pressure to be used.
Bei Benutzung eines Gas- oder Dampfstromes wird man zur Erzeugung eines genügend hohen Druckes häufig und in der Regel auf die kritische Geschwindigkeit in der Strahldüse gehen. DieseWhen using a gas or steam stream, you will be able to generate a sufficiently high one Pressure often and usually go to the critical speed in the jet nozzle. These
ίο Geschwindigkeit- muß in der Auffangdüse I wieder in Druck rückverwandelt werden, wobei die Tatsache in Erscheinung tritt, daß im günstigsten Fall auf den kritischen Druck, bezogen auf den Spaltdruck, verdichtet werden kann. Eine höhere Geschwindigkeit in der Druckdüse k erzeugt keinen höheren Druck als ungefähr den doppelten Druck vor der Auffangdüse I. Soll in der Auffangdüse ein für die Regulierung geeigneter Arbeitsdruck erzeugt werden, so darf also der Spaltdruck nicht zu tief liegen, und es wird nicht möglich sein, ein Düsensystem im Vakuumraum einzubauen. Man wird als untere Grenze voraussichtlich Atmosphärendruck bzw. den im Abdampfstutzen c einer ins Freie abblasendenίο Speed must be converted back into pressure in the collecting nozzle I , whereby the fact appears that in the best case it can be compressed to the critical pressure, based on the gap pressure. A higher speed in the pressure nozzle k does not generate a pressure higher than approximately twice the pressure in front of the collecting nozzle I. If a suitable working pressure is to be created in the collecting nozzle for the regulation, the gap pressure must not be too low and it will not be possible to install a nozzle system in the vacuum space. The lower limit is expected to be atmospheric pressure or that in the exhaust steam nozzle c of a pressure discharged into the open air
as Turbine herrschenden Abdampfdruck als Spaltdruck verwenden. Verlegt man die Strahleinrichtung in den in die Atmosphäre mündenden Abdampfstutzen der Turbine oder in den Saugstutzen eines aus der Atmosphäre ansaugenden Gebläses, so wird man in der Auffangdüse I einen Höchstdruck von rund 2 Atm. für die Regulierung zur Verfügung haben. Die Verlegung des Strahlapparates in den Abdampfstutzen oder in den Saugstutzen hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß das aus der Strahldüse abfließende Gas nicht besonders abgeführt werden muß,sondern indem Dampf- oder Gasstrom der Turbine oder des Gebläses weggeht.Use the exhaust steam pressure prevailing in the turbine as the gap pressure. If the jet device is installed in the exhaust steam nozzle of the turbine opening into the atmosphere or in the suction nozzle of a blower sucking in from the atmosphere, a maximum pressure of around 2 atm will be achieved in the collecting nozzle I. available for regulation. The relocation of the jet device in the exhaust nozzle or in the suction nozzle has the further advantage that the gas flowing out of the jet nozzle does not have to be specially discharged, but instead by the steam or gas flow of the turbine or the fan.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEA55264D DE500864C (en) | 1928-09-04 | 1928-09-04 | Control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEA55264D DE500864C (en) | 1928-09-04 | 1928-09-04 | Control device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE500864C true DE500864C (en) | 1930-06-27 |
Family
ID=6939908
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEA55264D Expired DE500864C (en) | 1928-09-04 | 1928-09-04 | Control device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE500864C (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE761405C (en) * | 1940-05-29 | 1953-06-01 | Aeg | Quick-closing valve for turbines |
US2646813A (en) * | 1949-02-17 | 1953-07-28 | Niles Bement Pond Co | Speed control for rotary motors |
US2646814A (en) * | 1949-02-17 | 1953-07-28 | Niles Bement Pond Co | Speed governor for fluid operated rotary motors |
US2658482A (en) * | 1950-05-01 | 1953-11-10 | Lucas Ltd Joseph | Means for controlling a liquid-operated servo mechanism |
DE1008750B (en) * | 1954-03-06 | 1957-05-23 | Turbinen Und Generatoren Veb | Device for hydraulic triggering of the quick-acting valve of a turbine, in particular a steam turbine, in the event of overspeed |
US2819843A (en) * | 1954-07-16 | 1958-01-14 | Edwards Miles Lowell | Mixing valve |
US2848041A (en) * | 1951-08-28 | 1958-08-19 | Rolls Royce | Gas turbine engine fuel system including a fuel control mechanism |
US2984213A (en) * | 1958-03-24 | 1961-05-16 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Positioning device |
US3071157A (en) * | 1959-09-09 | 1963-01-01 | Mount Hope Machinery Ltd | Sensing device for web guiding mechanisms |
US3136326A (en) * | 1960-09-12 | 1964-06-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Speed sensing apparatus |
US3176094A (en) * | 1960-10-27 | 1965-03-30 | Gen Electric | Fluid pressure actuated control device for indicating low speed of a rotatable member |
-
1928
- 1928-09-04 DE DEA55264D patent/DE500864C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE761405C (en) * | 1940-05-29 | 1953-06-01 | Aeg | Quick-closing valve for turbines |
US2646813A (en) * | 1949-02-17 | 1953-07-28 | Niles Bement Pond Co | Speed control for rotary motors |
US2646814A (en) * | 1949-02-17 | 1953-07-28 | Niles Bement Pond Co | Speed governor for fluid operated rotary motors |
US2658482A (en) * | 1950-05-01 | 1953-11-10 | Lucas Ltd Joseph | Means for controlling a liquid-operated servo mechanism |
US2848041A (en) * | 1951-08-28 | 1958-08-19 | Rolls Royce | Gas turbine engine fuel system including a fuel control mechanism |
DE1008750B (en) * | 1954-03-06 | 1957-05-23 | Turbinen Und Generatoren Veb | Device for hydraulic triggering of the quick-acting valve of a turbine, in particular a steam turbine, in the event of overspeed |
US2819843A (en) * | 1954-07-16 | 1958-01-14 | Edwards Miles Lowell | Mixing valve |
US2984213A (en) * | 1958-03-24 | 1961-05-16 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Positioning device |
US3071157A (en) * | 1959-09-09 | 1963-01-01 | Mount Hope Machinery Ltd | Sensing device for web guiding mechanisms |
US3136326A (en) * | 1960-09-12 | 1964-06-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Speed sensing apparatus |
US3176094A (en) * | 1960-10-27 | 1965-03-30 | Gen Electric | Fluid pressure actuated control device for indicating low speed of a rotatable member |
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