DE497574C - Safety device that switches off the power supply and, if necessary, applies the brakes in the event of a non-operational release of a switching device to be operated by the driver after an adjustable period of time - Google Patents

Description

Safety device, dig in the event of a non-operational release of a ._ Leader to be operated switching element after an adjustable period of time turns off the power supply and, if necessary, turns on the brakes Invention relates to a safety method and a safety device with one-man operation, as indicated in the main patent .162 661, and is intended a completion of the procedure and the associated devices. she but can also be used in conjunction with other known safety devices than Completion of this, find application. The completion refers to an increase in safety, to simplification in the handling of the devices and means for rendering technical errors harmless.

The known devices of this type are based on a contact device, the so-called called: Totina.nillcnopf:;, which the guide presses while driving is, and its release after an adjustable period of time the power supply locked and, if necessary, the brakes applied so that the vehicle comes to a stop is brought.

In the known safety devices one often uses circuits, by the dic effect; on driving force and braking when releasing the dead man's button does not occur immediately, but only after some time. This delay the effect is usually achieved by d @ afx when releasing the dead man's button a special device, the so-called safety machine, comes into effect, only after a set period of time has elapsed or after a stopping a certain distance. The present invention aims at one : similar delayed effect on driving force and braking, but with different means is achieved.

Means have also been proposed by which the safety device at low speeds of the vehicle on ', he activity is set, z. B. by intervention of a centrifugal regulator. The present invention brings they are given an arrangement that is suitable for railway operations, the one Unhindered maneuvering is allowed, the effect of the speed is independent.

Finally, the present invention is a novel process for convenience in the operation of the vehicle indicated the handling the dead man's button makes IWegstreck ° i superfluous for a limited time, after the driver has pressed any gear lever on the locomotive, Lind has thereby shown that he is unable to work. As a main requirement The rule is that the safety device is in action at all times while driving can step at the same moment in which the leader neglects his duty. This requirement can only be met if the device is uninterrupted must be served. The waitress must also handle the other duties of the guide can and must not tire him. Accordingly, the common one must Dead man's buttons form the main part of the safety device; those described below Embodiments are therefore all based on a dead man's button in combination with a safety machine with or without a time setting, namely m> sß thereby the following requirements are met: i. The device must go through any Management work will be put out of activity. 2. The effect of the device on the driving force and the brakes should only be adjustable after a short period of time has elapsed Tracking time so that the leader has the freedom of movement he needs.

3. The operation of the device must not be a nuisance for the driver, that he gets tired while driving or is prevented from doing the rest of his work.

q .. The device must be arranged in such a way that it does not pass through any technical flaw in their. Sharing: can arise outside of activity is set.

5. The device should preferably be self-acting when maneuvering be put out of action and automatically return to activity while driving.

These five requirements can be considered in different ways will; chic invention is not tied to specific constructions and neither is it to use in electric locomotives or to electrical means in general. bdsrhränkt; Rather, other means, such as. B. compressed air and mechanical Devices, can be used. In the case of electric rail operations, however, come primarily electrical means and devices.

Electrical devices are therefore exemplified in the following illustration chosen. Unless otherwise noted, devices are those that rest after the rest current principle work, provided; but the effect can in principle also can be achieved by working current or by a combination of the two principles. As a means of achieving the effect, short-circuit instead of current interruption, Series connection instead of parallel connection and the like come into consideration.

The invention is shown in the drawings Figs. I to i i in some embodiments illustrated schematically.

A device that allows the deactivation of all safety devices Verisnd'iert, is the subject of the main patent. The present invention relates a device for delaying the effect on driving force and braking and is shown schematically in Fig. i.

According to this figure, special contacts 19 and 2o are provided over the -a special feed line led by a mechanical interrupter M. is. An electromagnetic interrupter T is also provided.

This device works in the following way when the dead man's button is depressed, there is: as this figure shows, normal driving condition. the Device T is fed with quiescent current through two parallel current leads, of which the Zwegleitung 21 through the dead man's button and the second, 22, through the mechanical device M goes. The safety machine S is also by two parallel branches fed; the one, 2q., leads through the, electromagnetic device T and the other, 25, by the mechanical device M. When the dead man's button is released; the current in line 21 is interrupted.

The power supply to T through M is interrupted when the interruption field 7 passes the contact point 8. Then the electromagnet T is de-energized and the armatures are removed from it by spring action. As a result, the current in the line 24 is interrupted, while the current in the conductor 25 is only interrupted later, namely after the expiry of an adjustable time, which is given by the fact that the field 7 passes the contact point 18, which the Contact point 8 is arranged diametrically opposite. In this way a properly measured time will elapse. According to Fig.2, the principle is used to produce a delayed effect after an automatic interruption. The effect is achieved in that one of the differential gears M at a contact point 18, the contact point 8 diametrically opposite, a parallel line is connected directly via the contacts ig and 2o to the electromagnet S, which the current both through this line and through receives the line via the dead man's button (Fig.3). When the electromagnet Z is de-energized due to the mechanically induced interruption; is the power supply to the electromagnet S during a half revolution of the wheel M, the z. B. about 50 m. Distance. Corresponds to, maintained, after which current interruption in the magnet S occurs if the electromagnet Z is not made live in the course of this time by the fact that the dead man's button has been moved. In connection with the time-adjustable safety automats, this arrangement has the advantage that the inheritance automat does not suffer any wear and tear. The line is through contacts 12 and 1; via the contacts 2 1 and 22 (Fig. 4) to earth, and the electromagnets Z and S act independently of each other.

Fig. 3 illustrates a combination of the embodiments according to Fig. r and 2, in that the electromagnet P is replaced by T here. This device has all the properties that are prescribed for the movable dead man's button and also causes a delayed effect on propulsion and braking, and after a mechanically induced interruption as well as after an interruption by releasing the dead man's button.

From the moment the dead man's button is released, until the moment when the driving force and braking are effective, Firstly, it takes a certain amount of time, depending on the position of the interruption field in the initial moment until the interruption field passes the contact point 8, and then a certain time (travel length) until the field passes the Isantaktstelle 18. If the average total time is chosen for a journey of about 100 m, then the time will vary between the limits 50 m and 150 m, which is usually sufficient will. By using two or more electromagnets T, the Va.ria.-functions be chosen as desired. When the dead man's button is depressed, becomes more normal Driving condition restored immediately.

A device to facilitate the operation is illustrated in Fig..l. The facilitation consists in eliminating the need to operate the dead man's knob under certain circumstances and for a short period of time when operating any of the locomotive's regulating handles. The arrangement can be made in such a way that the dead man's button does not have to be pressed in approximately the first 50 m after moving the handle. This is of particular importance during commissioning.

The arrangement can also be made in such a way that a pressed in ° r Dead man's button does not need to be released when a handle is moved took place over the last 500 m before the release should have taken place.

According to Fig. 4. are a spreader, centrally located electromagnetic Circuit breaker H and a contact device I (provided to be connected to any the usual operations: connecting the locomotive. The arrangement is according to the figure set up for operating current, but it could just as well be set up for quiescent current be set up.

The device works in the following way: In the position shown in the drawing, the contacts 26, 27 on the electromagnet H are open, the handle I (is in the normal position, and through I <and: the grain bars 28, 29 current flows to point 3o. This point 3o can be connected to the electromagnet Z according to one of Figs. I and 3, so that the electromagnet receives a special power supply and the passage of the interruption field 7 of the contact point 8 is ineffective for the electromagnet Z and thus lifting the dead man's button is not necessary The point 3o can be connected to the automatic safety device S in such a way that the dead man's button is short-circuited as long as this current flows in that a current surge flows through the line 33, is excited so that the armature shorts the contacts 26, 27 and the L line via 28, H, 34. remains closed as long as the device I (is in the normal position. The rest of the safety device described earlier has no connection with this device and must be operated in the usual way; If, however, in the time from the movement of the contact field 3 i from: the contact point 32 to the field 7 the contact point 8 passes (.approximately half a turn), a movement of the handle I (has taken place, the current through the contacts 35, 36 to the electromagnet H is interrupted again and the electromagnet H is de-energized; if the handle H is moved further forwards or backwards from this abnormal position into the normal position, the state shown in the diagram is restored, and when the field 7 the contact point 8 restored-, 2) the first time it happens it will again be ineffective for the safety device.

A movement of the handle K is available while the contact pad is 31 from the contact point ;; moved to the contact point 32 without influence.

The contact points 8 and 32 are diametrically opposed, so that the probability the same for effect and 'ineffectiveness' is.

According to. Fig. 5 several handles are connected in series in the normal position. The effect is achieved when one of the handles is moved out of the normal position. In addition to the connection 30 , a corresponding connection 38 is arranged in connection with contacts 39, 40, so that the device is connected at the same time with the lifted and pressed dead man's button with point 41, whereby the differential gear 42 is short-circuited (see dashed line, Fig. , 3). The electromagnet H then goes out of action after 100 m. If the dead man's button remains pressed in, the differential 43 acts, as a result of which the electromagnet H does not come out of action until after 100 m, corresponding to an avoidance of letting go of the dead man's button over this distance.

The handle K can also seldom during the start-up Trap used that the locomotive has expired by the safety device Safety automats exactly in, the interruption position of the mechanical switch M should have been brought to a halt.

An arrangement that renders technical errors harmless is shown in Fig. 6. When the dead man's button D is pressed, two electromagnets S are fed independently of one another alternately by the contact drum M, M with closed current and working current. The drums M, M 'run synchronously and are independent of one another, e.g. B. by translating! two different locomotive wheels driven so that contact 44 contacts the conductive half of the contact drum when contact 45 contacts the insulated half and vice versa. The current flowing through the contact 44 is interrupted at the same instant in which the current through the contact -45 is closed and vice versa The armatures are connected to the rods 48 and 49, which each move an independent part of a disc valve 5o and a rotary contact 51, which closes the setting current. In the position shown here, the valve is closed and the contact for current flow This normal driving state lasts as long as the electromagnets are moved alternately. If the two electromagnets are energized or de-energized at the same time, e.g. because one of them receives power at the wrong time due to a fault or the power is wrongly interrupted or the fact that the dead man's button is lifted and the magnets are thus connected in parallel, the brake valve 50 will and the rotary contact 51 open by having their moving parts: taking up such a mutual position that the openings 52 and 53 coincide with each other; At the same time, the contacts 5 4 and 5 5 will move out of contact. Electrical faults in the device must therefore cause a halt. Mechanical errors, which prevent the timely movement of one or the other part, cause a stop because the correct mutual position of the parts is lost.

According to Fig. 7, the same principle is in another embodiment shown by the contact drums M, M 'grooves a conductive contact ring 56 with Interrupting field and an insulating ring 57 are provided with a contact field. Means of contacts 58 and 59, the electromagnets are controlled in the same way.

The devices shown in Figs. 6 and 7 work, as can be seen, in connection with an ordinary dead man's button to be held on inside. The association with a temporarily operated dead man's button according to the main patent is illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and i o.

Fig. 8 shows the principle for the movable dead man's button with delayed Effect after interruption. The device corresponds to Fig.2; but it only contains those parts that are necessary to illustrate the principle. The mechanical The interruption caused is caused by the electromagnets themselves, as shown in Fig. 8. The electromagnet S 'always allows unimpeded movement while serving Electromagnet S a changeover of the switch Z takes place after each movement soot. The connections of the contact drum .31, which two pairs of wheels 6o, 61 and 62, 63 have, which at different speeds of rotation n and n - i run are arranged in such a way that one differential is connected to the switch Z i its soot, which closes the cappacts 64, 65 in the upper layer and accordingly the Differential 62 turns on, which is necessary for the period, about i km, in which the electromagnet S carries quiescent current. During the other period will the differential 63 switched on, which is necessary when S is driven with working current will. Should the switch Z not turn at the latest half a turn after switching be set, S will go back to the previous position after about so in and thus in the same position as S ropes, which position now-. more about ggo m is maintained by engaging the faulty differential gear. The train will stop accordingly. The toggle switch is used as one for simplicity manually operated device shown.

According to Fig.g the switch Z is moved by an electromagnet, whose armature 68 establishes the connection with the contact points 6.1, 65 or 66, 67.

The device works in the following way: The electromagnets S and S 'are switched over at the same time as the contact drums 7 6 and 7 8 move from a conductive to an insulating position with respect to the contacts 77 and 79 or 8o or vice versa. At this moment the interruption field 7 3 is opposite to the contact point 7.1. As long as the dead man's button is kept pressed in, the exchange has no effect on the electromagnets Z and T. To switch Z_, D must be released. T is then de-energized in that the drum 78 rests in an insulating manner against the contact 79, which is connected to T through the contacts 82 and 83 of the changeover switch. When T is de-energized, contacts 71 and 72, which connect T directly to earth, are interrupted, and instead contacts 69 and 70 , which connect T to contact drum 76, are connected. When the dead man's button is pushed in again, T becomes live again. The contacts 71, 72 are closed and Z is locked in its new position. Simultaneously with the changeover of the electromagnet Z, the changeover switch 8 i is changed over so that during the next period it connects the contacts 8.1, 85, which cause the connection to the opposite side of the drum ° i 7 8. T is thus always connected to the conductive half of the drum 78 after each changeover of the electromagnet Z. The same effect is achieved with the next changeover.

If the dead man's button D is released at the wrong time, will T not de-energized before the interruption field 7; the contact point 7 4th passes, which is half a turn before the same break field breaks in S causes, takes place. A delayed effect on driving force and braking is thus also achieved in this case.

Fig. Io shows a combination of the devices according to Fig. 7, 8 and 9 and illustrates a complete device with the same characteristics like the one according to fig.;. It should be noted that the various contact wheels, which shown in the formation as drums 76 and 78, different cross-sections correspond to a contact drum, which moves with n revolutions and one Differential drum, which moves with n - == revolutions.

An arrangement to the safety device during maneuvering to put out of action is shown in Fig. i i, according to which of the simplicity sake the device is shown in connection with .ein safety device. However, it can be used in conjunction with any safety device to be used.

The device comprises a contact wheel R, which under certain circumstances short-circuits the dead man's button D and directly grounds the safety automaton. 88 designated a contact ring .. which is firmly connected to the spindle 92, which z. B. turns once on a distance of 1 km by means of a translation from the locomotive. When the lead go lies against the stop 9i, the loose contact ring 89 is entrained during rotation in the direction of the arrow. The contact device is thus inactive. at Movement in the opposite direction will not take the loose ring 89 with it, before a full turn is made. There is contact during this revolution between the projection go and then immovable ring 89. Only in the two end positions this connection is interrupted by means of the isolating stop gi.

For working current, a parallel connection can be used instead of contact wheels insulating wheel with contact stop arranged in series with the safety machine be. For devices with alternating operating current and quiescent current, both Types of wheels with synchronous action are used.

Claims (1)

CLAIM: i. Safety device to be used in the event of non-operational Release of a switching element to be operated by the driver after an adjustable one has elapsed Period of time turns off the power supply and, if necessary, turns on the brakes, in particular for track vehicles operated by one person, according to patent .162 661, characterized that the power supply of the safety machine (S) via two parallel return lines (24, 25) is closed, one of which (2.1) via contacts of a relay (T), the other (25) is routed via the fault switch (M), while the relay (T) even via the dead man's button (D) and via two self-switching contacts and via the fault switch (M) by a special one Contact (8) to respond (Fig. I). Safety device according to claim i, characterized in that several driven at different speeds Fault switches (M, M or M, M1) are provided to provide an extended delay to achieve the effect (Fig. 2 and 3). 3. Safety device according to claim i and 2, characterized in that the one return line of the safety machine (S) via contacts (i2, 13) of an intermediate relay (P) to the contacts of the relay (Z) is performed, and that .the intermediate relay (P) via parallel dead man buttons (Di, D2, D3) is excited, so that the interference effect of the relay, (P, Z) by fault switch (M, M) is delayed by the other return line of the safety machine, which is routed via a special contact in the fault switch (M) (Fig.2). 4th Safety device according to claim i, characterized in that further Return lines of the safety machine (S) and the controlling relay (Z) in series as well as. Via normally closed contacts of an additional relay (H) and one or more switching levers (KI, R @, I (3), whereby the additional relay is controlled by a fault switch. (43, 42) is controlled, which run the same as the other fault switches (M) and, if working current is chosen, there. Wear pads where on the rest of the fault switches There are interruptions (Fig. 4 and 5). 5. Safety devices according to claim i, characterized by the fact that their actuation back, partly through quiescent current, partly by work stream in temporarily reversing order for your purposes, to bring the vehicle to a stop in technical fevers (Fig. 6). 6. Safety device according to claim i, characterized in that the safety machine with a mechanical driven by the vehicle. Switch is connected so that the latter him at a limited back and forth travel of the vehicle puts the vehicle out of action to unhindered Allow shifting service while the safety machine when driving outside is automatically switched on again after a certain distance (Fig. i i).