DE4216406A1 - Obstacle detection on railway tracks using reflectometry principle - involves evaluation of portion of outgoing electromagnetic wave reflected along waveguide comprising track and trolley wire - Google Patents
Obstacle detection on railway tracks using reflectometry principle - involves evaluation of portion of outgoing electromagnetic wave reflected along waveguide comprising track and trolley wireInfo
- Publication number
- DE4216406A1 DE4216406A1 DE4216406A DE4216406A DE4216406A1 DE 4216406 A1 DE4216406 A1 DE 4216406A1 DE 4216406 A DE4216406 A DE 4216406A DE 4216406 A DE4216406 A DE 4216406A DE 4216406 A1 DE4216406 A1 DE 4216406A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- vehicles
- line
- line structure
- obstacle detection
- track
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
- B61L23/041—Obstacle detection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/34—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for indicating the distance between vehicles or trains by the transmission of signals therebetween
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9316—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles combined with communication equipment with other vehicles or with base stations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
- G01S2013/93273—Sensor installation details on the top of the vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9328—Rail vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Hinderniserkennung auf Bahngleisen nach dem Prinzip eines leitungsgebundenen Reflexionsmeßsystems wobei Wechselfelder hoher Frequenz erzeugt werden, die als elektromagnetische Wellen entlang einer Leitungsstruktur wandern und an Hindernissen in dieser Leitungsstruktur teilweise reflektiert werden.The invention relates to a method for obstacle detection on railway tracks according to the principle of a wired Reflection measuring system with alternating fields of high frequency are generated that along as electromagnetic waves a leadership structure and hurdles in it Line structure are partially reflected.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin die Anwendung des Verfah rens mit besonderen kleineren Fahrzeugen zum automatischen Betrieb eines zusätzlichen Nahverkehrssystems mit selb ständig agierenden Fahrzeugen auf einer Bahnstrecke, auf der auch zeitweise konventioneller Zugverkehr ohne Beeinträch tigung abgewickelt werden kann.The invention further relates to the application of the method rens with special smaller vehicles for automatic Operation of an additional local transport system with the same vehicles constantly operating on a railway line on the sometimes also conventional train traffic without interference can be processed.
Seit längerer Zeit sind Verfahren zur Hinderniserkennung auf Bahngleisen bekannt, die nach dem Radar-Prinzip arbeiten und dabei eine Wellenleiterstruktur einsetzen um die Hinder niserkennung auch bei gekrümmten Gleisen sicherzustellen. So wird z. B. der obere Teil des Schienenkopfes einer einzigen Schiene als Oberflächenwellenleiter für eine elektromagne tische Welle sehr hoher Frequenz eingesetzt (DE-B-16 05 418). Dieses Verfahren hat wegen der notwendigerweise sehr hohen Frequenz keine sehr große Reichweite, erleidet eine Beein trächtigung durch starken Regen und Schneefall, und zeigt vor allem wegen der mit der hohen Frequenz verbundenen starken Streuung der reflektierten Strahlung erhebliche Nachteile bei ungünstig geformten oder schrägstehenden Hindernissen, insbesondere auch dann, wenn sie nur im Bereich der anderen Schiene vorhanden sind.Obstacle detection methods have been in use for a long time Railway tracks known that work on the radar principle and use a waveguide structure around the obstacles Ensure detection even on curved tracks. So z. B. the upper part of the rail head of a single Rail as surface waveguide for an electromagnetic table wave used very high frequency (DE-B-16 05 418). This procedure has necessarily very high because of the Frequency does not have a very long range, suffers one leg heavy rain and snow, and shows mainly because of the high frequency associated with it strong scatter of the reflected radiation considerable Disadvantages with poorly shaped or sloping Obstacles, especially if they are only in the Area of the other rail are present.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde eine Hindernis erkennung auf Bahngleisen sicherzustellen, die den gesamten Fahrstreckenquerschnitt erfaßt und durch die Anwendung eines Wellenleitersystems über längere Strecken auch in kurvenreichem Gelände funktionsfähig ist. Das Wellenleiter system soll dabei möglichst einfach und kostensparend in stallierbar sein oder sogar mit schon vorhandenen bahn technischen Einrichtungen realisiert werden können. Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß als Leitungsstruktur einerseits die Bahngleise und andererseits ein darüber erheblich höher isoliert angebrachter elektri scher Leiter verwendet werden. Als ein solcher zusätzlicher Leiter kann die bereits vorhandene Oberleitung einer elek trifizierten Bahnstrecke eingesetzt werden oder ein in etwa gleicher Höhe dicht neben den Gleisen mit Holzmasten aufge spannter einfacher Draht. Die Installation eines solchen Drahtes ohne besondere Toleranzforderungen ist eine sehr kostengünstige Einrichtung.The invention has for its object an obstacle Ensure detection on train tracks that cover the entire Route cross-section recorded and by the application of a waveguide system over longer distances also in winding terrain is functional. The waveguide system should be as simple and cost - saving as possible be installable or even with an existing track technical facilities can be realized. This object is achieved in that as Management structure on the one hand the railroad tracks and on the other hand an electri placed much more insulated above it shear conductors can be used. As such an additional The conductor can use the existing catenary of an elec trified railway line are used or approximately the same height close to the tracks with wooden poles tense simple wire. The installation of such Wire without special tolerance requirements is a very inexpensive facility.
Alle infrage kommenden Hindernisse im Fahrstreckenquer schnitt liegen innerhalb des Feldbereiches des Leitungssy stems und ergeben dadurch eine kapazitive Störung des Leitungswellenwiderstands. Die durch konstruktive Gegeben heiten des erhöht angebrachten Leiters (z. B. Oberleitung) sich ergebenden Störungen des Wellenwiderstands (z. B. Oberleitungsmasten) sind eine zeitlich unveränderliche Streckencharakteristik und werden wie ein systematischer Fehler von den Reflexionsmeßgeräten als (abgespeicherte) bekannte Eigenschaften erkannt und von den unbekannten Hindernissen unterschieden. Dieser Vergleich zwischen Soll wert und Istwert einer Messung ist z. B. bei handelsüblichen Impulsreflektometer-Meßgeräten bekannt.All relevant obstacles in the route cross cut lie within the field area of the management system stems and thereby result in a capacitive disturbance of the Line wave resistance. Given by constructive units of the elevated conductor (e.g. overhead line) resulting disturbances in the wave resistance (e.g. Catenary masts) are unchanged over time Route characteristics and become like a systematic Errors from the reflection measuring devices as (stored) known properties recognized and by the unknown Differentiated obstacles. This comparison between target value and actual value of a measurement is e.g. B. in commercial Pulse reflectometer measuring devices are known.
Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens von Schienenfahrzeugen aus sind Antennen am Schienenfahrzeug besonders geeignet, die eine gute Anregung des TEM-Wellentyps des Leitungssystems und dabei möglichst noch eine Richtwirkung in eine Richtung des Leitungssystems sicherstellen.To carry out the process from rail vehicles antennas on the rail vehicle are particularly suitable a good excitation of the TEM wave type of the line system and if possible a directional effect in one direction of the piping system.
In Fig. 1 sind die wesentlichen Teile zur Durchführung des Verfahrens dargestellt. Der erhöht isoliert angebrachte Leiter 1 bzw. die dazu verwendete Oberleitung bilden zusam men mit den Gleisen 2 die Leitungsstruktur. Fahrzeuge können mit geeigneten Antennen 3 diese Leitungsstruktur anregen und können durch eine entsprechende Antennen beschaltung 4 sowohl in Vorwärts- als auch in Rückwärts richtung bevorzugt abgestrahlte Wellen ein- bzw. deren Reflexionen auskoppeln.In Fig. 1 the essential parts for performing the method are shown. The higher insulated conductor 1 or the overhead line used for this together with the tracks 2 form the line structure. Vehicles can excite this line structure with suitable antennas 3 and, by means of a corresponding antenna circuit 4, can preferably emit waves or emit their reflections both in the forward and in the reverse direction.
In der gezeichneten Ausführungsform ist ein Antennensystem bestehend aus zwei Schleifenantennen mit einem gegenseitigen Abstand von einer viertel Wellenlänge und einer Beschaltung mit einem symmetrischen 3-dB-Koppler realisiert. Ein evtl. vorhandener Stromabnehmer muß bei der Auslegung der Antennen mit berücksichtigt werden.In the drawn embodiment is an antenna system consisting of two loop antennas with one another Distance of a quarter wavelength and a circuit realized with a symmetrical 3 dB coupler. A possibly Existing pantograph must be used in the design of the Antennas are taken into account.
Die Wellen werden an Hindernissen 5 teilweise reflektiert, der andere Teil der Wellen 6 läuft weiter und kann zu Kommunikationszwecken genutzt werden. Der Begriff Hinder nis umfaßt im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens unter anderem auch geöffnete Schranken bei Bahnübergängen oder andere veränderliche Unregelmäßigkeiten der Leitungs struktur.The waves are partially reflected at obstacles 5 , the other part of the waves 6 continues to run and can be used for communication purposes. The term obstacle in the context of the method according to the invention also includes open barriers at level crossings or other variable irregularities in the line structure.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann vorteilhaft bei konventionellen Zügen eingesetzt werden. Die Vorteile rei chen von erhöhter Sicherheit und/oder Geschwindigkeit bei starkem Nebel und auf wenig befahrenen Strecken mit engen unübersichtlichen Kurven bis zur verbesserten Zugende-Er kennung von vorausfahrenden Zügen auf dicht befahrenen Strecken.The method according to the invention can advantageously be used conventional trains are used. The advantages increased security and / or speed heavy fog and narrow roads with little traffic confusing curves up to the improved end of train Identification of trains traveling ahead on busy roads Stretch.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren der Hinderniserkennung macht darüberhinaus durch eine Kombination mit zusätzlichen redundanten Übertragungskanälen z. B. über Funk - auch Satellitenfunk - ein vollautomatisches Nahverkehrssystem bei linienförmigen Bahnstrecken in ländlichen Gegenden rea lisierbar, bei dem eine Anzahl einzusetzender Fahrzeuge mit ihren jeweiligen Elektroniksystemen selbsttätig den aktuel len Bedarf an Personentransporten befriedigt, wobei auch bei eingleisigen Strecken die Entscheidung des Einsatzes eines bestimmten Fahrzeuges und die Wegstreckenoptimierung durch jedes Fahrzeug selbst entschieden wird, und eine zentrale Station in erster Linie nur der Überwachung des störungs freien Betriebes dient. The method of obstacle detection according to the invention makes furthermore by a combination with additional redundant transmission channels e.g. B. via radio - too Satellite radio - a fully automatic mass transit system at line-shaped railway lines in rural areas rea lisable, in which a number of vehicles to be used with their respective electronic systems automatically the current len need for passenger transport satisfied, also with single-track routes the decision to use a specific vehicle and route optimization every vehicle is decided by itself, and a central one Station primarily monitoring the fault serves free operation.
In Fig. 2 sind einige der wesentlichen Komponenten für ein solchem automatisiertes Nahverkehrssystem dargestellt Mehrere Fahrzeuge sind durch mehrfache (z. B. 3fache) Funkverbindungen - evtl. auch über Satellit - miteinander verbunden, wobei eine die erfindungsgemäße Hindernis erkennung beinhaltet. Verschiedene Antennen 7 sind über die dazugehörigen (beispielsweise 3) Sender/Empfänger 8 mit drei Bordrechnern 9 verbunden, die sich gegenseitig überwachen und zusätzliche Informationen (z. B. Informationen von den Achsen 10 und Hinderniserkennung im Nahbereich 11) verarbeiten und entsprechende Steuerbefehle an die Antriebs elektronik 12 abgeben.In FIG. 2, some of the essential components are illustrated for such an automated transport system Several vehicles are characterized by multiple (e.g. 3 times.) Radio links - possibly via satellite - connected to each other, wherein a barrier of the invention involves the recognition. Various antennas 7 are connected via the associated (for example 3) transmitter / receiver 8 to three on-board computers 9 which monitor one another and process additional information (for example information from the axes 10 and obstacle detection in the vicinity 11 ) and corresponding control commands to the Submit drive electronics 12 .
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren benutzt zwar reichhaltig elektronisch ausgerüstete kleinere Fahrzeuge, bedarf aber dafür keiner besonderen teuren Installationen entlang der Bahnstrecke, wie das bei bisherigen aufwendigen Zugsiche rungssystemen der Fall ist.The method according to the invention makes extensive use electronically equipped smaller vehicles, but needs but no special expensive installations along the Railway line, like that with previous complex train security systems is the case.
Von besonderer Bedeutung ist daher das Verfahren bei der Anwendung für ein automatisiertes zusätzliches Nahverkehrs system auf einer bestehenden wenig befahrenen beispiels weise eingleisigen Bahnstrecke mit zeitweisem konventionel lem Zugverkehr. Bei dieser Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird durch den Einsatz von Fahrzeugen mit grund sätzlich höheren Werten bei Beschleunigung, Verzögerung und Geschwindigkeit der zeitweise Zugverkehr nicht beein trächtigt, weil das automatische System mit seiner Daten kommunikation und weitreichenden Hinderniserkennung in die Lage versetzt wird, rechtzeitig die notwendige Strecke für den fahrplanmäßigen Zug freizugeben.The procedure at the Application for an automated additional local transport system on an existing low traffic example wise single-track railway line with temporary conventional lem train traffic. In this application of the invention Procedure is grounded through the use of vehicles additionally higher values for acceleration, deceleration and speed of intermittent train traffic does not affect pregnant because the automatic system with its data communication and far-reaching obstacle detection in the Location is moved in good time for the necessary route release the scheduled train.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4216406A DE4216406A1 (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1992-05-18 | Obstacle detection on railway tracks using reflectometry principle - involves evaluation of portion of outgoing electromagnetic wave reflected along waveguide comprising track and trolley wire |
AT0094393A AT406616B (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1993-05-13 | METHOD FOR OBSTACLE DETECTION ON RAILWAY TRACKS AND APPLICATION OF THE METHOD FOR THE AUTOMATIC OPERATION OF RAILWAY VEHICLES |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4216406A DE4216406A1 (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1992-05-18 | Obstacle detection on railway tracks using reflectometry principle - involves evaluation of portion of outgoing electromagnetic wave reflected along waveguide comprising track and trolley wire |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE4216406A1 true DE4216406A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
Family
ID=6459164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4216406A Withdrawn DE4216406A1 (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1992-05-18 | Obstacle detection on railway tracks using reflectometry principle - involves evaluation of portion of outgoing electromagnetic wave reflected along waveguide comprising track and trolley wire |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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AT (1) | AT406616B (en) |
DE (1) | DE4216406A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19721901A1 (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 1997-11-13 | Bernhard Prof Dr Liesenkoetter | Rail track obstacle recognition method |
DE19652588A1 (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1998-06-18 | Alsthom Cge Alcatel | Process for the automatic operation of a track-bound vehicle on routes with dangerous sections and control system therefor |
DE19746970A1 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-04-29 | Cit Alcatel | Obstacle recognition for rail vehicle with automatic guidance |
EP1215100A1 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2002-06-19 | Trend Network AG | Device and method for protection against damage to overhead wires and rail vehicles by an obstacle |
EP1593576A2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-09 | Deutsche Bahn AG | Measuring of the distance between two railway vehicles using the electromagnetic properties of the rail |
EP1643265A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Radar system for automobiles |
WO2021004665A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 | 2021-01-14 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Detection of obstacles on rail tracks using surface waves |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1605418B2 (en) * | 1966-01-14 | 1977-11-17 | Societe de Fabrication d"Instruments de Mesure S.F.I.M. S.A., Massy, Essonne (Frankreich) | METHOD OF DETECTING AN OBSTACLE TO A RAILWAY VEHICLE AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
DE2646587A1 (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1978-04-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR KEEPING THE DISTANCE OF SEVERAL TRACKLESS VEHICLES |
-
1992
- 1992-05-18 DE DE4216406A patent/DE4216406A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-05-13 AT AT0094393A patent/AT406616B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1605418B2 (en) * | 1966-01-14 | 1977-11-17 | Societe de Fabrication d"Instruments de Mesure S.F.I.M. S.A., Massy, Essonne (Frankreich) | METHOD OF DETECTING AN OBSTACLE TO A RAILWAY VEHICLE AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
DE2646587A1 (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1978-04-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR KEEPING THE DISTANCE OF SEVERAL TRACKLESS VEHICLES |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik, Springer Verlag 1968, S.441 * |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19652588A1 (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1998-06-18 | Alsthom Cge Alcatel | Process for the automatic operation of a track-bound vehicle on routes with dangerous sections and control system therefor |
DE19721901A1 (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 1997-11-13 | Bernhard Prof Dr Liesenkoetter | Rail track obstacle recognition method |
DE19746970A1 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-04-29 | Cit Alcatel | Obstacle recognition for rail vehicle with automatic guidance |
DE19746970B4 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2017-03-16 | Alcatel Lucent | Method for detecting obstacles in front of rail vehicles |
EP1215100A1 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2002-06-19 | Trend Network AG | Device and method for protection against damage to overhead wires and rail vehicles by an obstacle |
EP1593576A2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-09 | Deutsche Bahn AG | Measuring of the distance between two railway vehicles using the electromagnetic properties of the rail |
EP1593576A3 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2009-04-15 | Deutsche Bahn AG | Measuring of the distance between two railway vehicles using the electromagnetic properties of the rail |
EP1643265A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Radar system for automobiles |
US7286078B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2007-10-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Radar system for motor vehicles |
WO2021004665A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 | 2021-01-14 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Detection of obstacles on rail tracks using surface waves |
DE102019210278A1 (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-01-14 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Detection of obstacles on train tracks with the help of surface waves |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT406616B (en) | 2000-07-25 |
ATA94393A (en) | 1999-11-15 |
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