DE4193773C2 - Cleaning compsn. - Google Patents

Abstract

Cleaning compsn. for surfaces, esp. in engineering, metallurgy, electronics, transport etc., comprises (in wt.%) 0.100-3.00% oxyethylated alkyl-phenol or fatty alcohol, 0.005-0.03% alkyl phenol, 0.200-0.50 alkaline additive and the balance water. A hydrocarbon solvent may also be present in amt.. 0.5-55 wt.%.

Description

The invention relates to means for cleaning surfaces, containing oxyethylalkylphenols and / or Oxyethyl fatty alcohols as wetting agents, alkaline auxiliaries and water.

The above means can be widely used Machine tools, metallurgy, aviation, Radio engineering, transportation, repair and a number of others Company for cleaning metal, glass, polymers, paint and varnish, ceramic surfaces, carbon black and Commissioning impurities of kerosene type as well as for Anticorrosion lubricants, lubricants / Coolants, metal and polymer chips are used.

Such a remedy can also be used to intervene Process steps to clean parts, different Surfaces of production areas and equipment during the repair and preventive maintenance to clean, for Cleaning electrical machinery, electrical Equipment of various applications and different dimensions, as well as for washing Clothing.

A number of requirements are attached to such means Clean surfaces. In addition to the high Detergent effect, they must be fire and explosion proof, effective within a wide temperature range, as well not be toxic. These funds must not be negative Have an effect on the surface (causing corrosion, Leave deposits, especially those the are conductive) and have to be used in mechanical, as well as automatic cleaning easy to handle. It is further desirable that the means  is reused, and that the recovery and Use of it is possible.

Various detergents are known in the art known. Usually they contain surface active Means and various excipients, which a cause increased effect of the detergent effect (Wettability, emulsification, solubility, Foam suppression and passivation of the surface).  

For example, a detergent for cleaning hard surfaces of Impurities known (SU-A-290066). This detergent consists of a surfactants and alkaline excipients. As a surface-active Means are used alkylbenzenesulfonates (C12-C18) and as alkaline Excipient 25-50% by weight sodium hydroxide, 30-25% by weight Sodium tripolyphosphate and 10% by weight of water glass. Such a detergent washes effectively the surfaces to be cleaned; however, it can have an aggressive effect have on the surface to be cleaned (it destroys the structure of colors and Paints and insulating coatings) due to the high content Sodium hydroxide, and causes corrosion of metal surfaces. The Presence of sodium tripolyphosphate in large quantities holds the possibility of dangerous ecological effects, as a high biological activity Of phosphorus compounds a destructive influence on flora and fauna of Water reservoir exercises.

Another means for cleaning resin-like contaminants is in the Prior art known (SU-A 1325061). It contains primary alkyl sulfates (C13 -C16) or primary alkyl sulfonates (C11-C17) as a surfactant as well as calcium, bentonite, sodium carbonate, zeolites and a perfume as Aids. This agent is also sufficiently useful, but it can cause a negative effect on the washed surface, as it has a large Amount (up to 80 wt .-%) of abrasive (bentonite) contains.

There is also a means which is widely used for cleaning Equipment for commissioning deposits (oil, soot) (DE-C 35 17 458). It contains a nonionic surfactant, zeolite and alkaline adjuvants, Carbonates and bicarbonates of alkali metals. This remedy has a tight Field of use. For example, when electric machines with purified by such means, possibly conductive sediments deposited on the surface of insulating coatings.  

Sufficiently useful is an agent consisting of an aqueous zeolite suspension which is stabilized with a mixture of surfactants (Oxyethyl fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol sulfate (TAS) and coconut fatty alcohol sulfate (KOAS)). This agent can also Na₂O contain. However, this agent can not be used in a number of cases Cleaning windings used by electrical machines due to the formation of an electrically conductive deposit (DE-A 33 30 220). In addition, the use of said anionic surfactant requires the use of water with reduced hardness and the heating of the agent in the course of cleaning.

It is also a cleaning agent for cleaning metal surfaces of Petroleum residues known which up to 15 wt .-% surfactant (Oxyethylalkylphenol or fatty alcohol and sodium alkylsulfonate) and up to 94 Wt .-% hydrocarbon solvent contains (SU-A 541857). This agent effectively washes resin-like thicker residues. Before using this It is recommended to heat to a temperature of 50-60 ° C. The treated surface should also be heated to this temperature. The Means is for 10-15 min. held on the surface and then the surface with an aqueous solution of tripolyphosphate (0.1-3 wt .-%) and Oxyethylalkylphenol (0.1-1.0 wt .-%) and rinsed to a temperature of Heated to 60 ° C.

The presence of a large amount of solvents makes it impossible for the Automate cleaning process due to increased fire risk. The Necessity of a previous heating of a part to be cleaned and a high level of surfactant is economically unfavorable. On high content of hydrocarbon solvents is not desirable due to its toxicity and narcotic effect, especially in a procedure for Hand cleaning.  

From DE-OS 20 47 574 are liquid washing, rinsing, and cleaning agents with antimicrobial effect, the alkylphenols as additional microbial Active ingredients in addition to ethoxylated alkylphenols as wetting agents.

Cold cleaners are known from US Pat. No. 4,349,448 and DE-AS 25 29 096. containing in aqueous solution mixtures of ethoxylated alkylphenols.

So far, a means for surface cleaning, which meets all the requirements of meets modern business, not known in the art.

The invention is based on the object of such a means for cleaning To provide surfaces of various natures, which one sufficiently high network efficiency within a wide range of temperatures owns, is fireproof and non-toxic, and which manually or in one Mechanized way can be used. The task is by a means solved with the features of claim 1.

The claimed agent for cleaning surfaces contains as a wetting agent Oxyethylkalkylphenol and / or Oxyethylfettalkohol in an amount of 0.1-3 Wt .-%. Each of these components can be used individually or in any mixture form part of the agent. In the selected concentration range These wetting agents have good detergent properties in combination with other components. At a reduced concentration of the wetting agent under the minimum level falls the quality of cleaning in the above-mentioned Interval off. An increase of the wetting agent content above 3.0% by weight is not economically, because in this case, due to the increased consumption of Components, the cleaning action of the agent does not become more effective. Besides the foaming is enhanced, which makes mechanical cleaning difficult.

Alkylphenol, which is incorporated in the formulation of the agent, exercises a Function as co-detergent. Even in small quantities improve Alkylphenols the solubility of the washed off impurity, what the danger  reduced repeated contamination of the surface. At a decrease and increase in concentrations, as in the selected interval is designated, the effectiveness of the agent is reduced.

As an alkaline remedy, a common remedy for remedies of this kind be used. For example, natural and synthetic zeolites, Sodium tripolyphosphates and sodium silicates serve as such adjuvants.

Alkaline adjuvants in the selected amount of 0.2 to 0.5% by weight improve the washing liquid of the wetting agent and secure a weak alkaline effect of the agent.

Besides that makes the suggested combination of wetting means with one alkaline adjuvant it is possible to produce a synergistic effect which ensures a high quality of cleaning without corrosion and destruction to cause the surface, even those that have a color and Own paint coating. Excipients can be used individually or in combination be used together.

In a number of cases, for example when cleaning different ones Lubricants and oils, which at high temperatures and pressures Undergoing changes, and other types of heavy pollution (Masut, viscous petroleum fractions) it is recommended to use the means of cleaning Surfaces a hydrocarbon solvent in an amount of 0.5-55.0 Wt .-% of the total amount of the components to add. When Hydrocarbon solvent can be, for example, kerosene, petroleum ether, Use diesel oil, gasoline or gas condensates.

The presence of hydrocarbon solvent in the composition of the agent ensures efficient cleaning of surfaces from the top called type of contamination.  

The availability of the mixture of means of simultaneously selected surfactants, alkylphenol and hydrocarbon solvents in the special, ensures the formation of stable emulsions with enough high detergency. In this case, there are droplets of Hydrocarbon solvent distributed in the water, causing the evaporation of the Solvent, due to which the risk of fire and the toxicity of the By means of sink significantly.

The proportion of hydrocarbon solvent in excess of 55% by weight the total amount of the components of the composition gives a reduction in the Effectiveness of the effect of the water-soluble portions of the agent and increases its toxicity and the risk of fire.

The claimed means for cleaning surfaces makes it possible Clean surfaces to a sufficiently high degree of purity. It can different metal, Glass-. Polymer and ceramic surfaces clean with sufficient Effectiveness against any kind of pollution.

The agent can withstand a wide range of temperatures (25-90 ° C) be used. Its application leaves no sediments on the cleaned surface, including those which are conductive, what it possible makes the means z. B. for cleaning windings in electrical machines to use.

The preparation of the agent does not require rare or expensive raw materials and no large amounts of solvents. The use of the claimed agent requires no prior heating of the agent and the surface to be cleaned.

The agent can be used for manual and machine cleaning of surfaces be used.  

The Mitttel can be reused several times.

The agent can be recovered and in a closed loop system be used, which makes it possible the consumption of the shares of the agent to reduce water consumption and wastewater to reduce.

Oil, which is washed off using the agent, can in a Method of separation can be reused.

The method for producing the agent for cleaning surfaces is technologically simple and is carried out as follows:

The components of the agent are in the specified amount in a container filled and thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous emulsion is obtained. in the If a hydrocarbon solvent is used, it will filled simultaneously with all the other components.

The effectiveness of the detergent is determined as follows:

The core of the method is the determination of remaining ones Impurities on the surface, which under defined technological Conditions was washed from originally obtained impurities.

As a model of pollution, an industrial oil or masut is used, which on the surface of metal, glass, plastic plates in a crowd of 1 × 10 2 g / cm 2, the plates are stored for five hours and then washed off with the aid of an ultrasound unit for five minutes. The Amount of remaining impurities on the plate is determined by a weighing method. The cleaning is judged to be satisfactory when the residual contamination does not exceed 1 × 10⁴ g / cm².

For a better understanding of the present invention will be hereinafter reproduced certain examples.  

example 1

An agent was prepared from the following ingredients, (% by weight):

oxyethylated decylphenol 0.1 nonylphenol 0.005 Zeolite NaA 0.5 water rest

The agent was prepared by mixing the ingredients. The mixture is stirred thoroughly until a homogeneous emulsion is obtained. The effectiveness the effect of the compound prepared is by means of those described above Methods determined. For this purpose, 10 standard glass plates with a Industrial oil polluted and then with the compound produced cleaned.

At a temperature of 25 ° C, the average cleaning result in the surface cleaning is 1 × 10 ^-5 g / cm², at a temperature of 40 ° C is 7.2 × 10 ^-5 g / cm² and at a temperature of 60 ° C 6, ^{0x10 -5} g / cm².

Example 2 to 4

Examples 2 to 4 are listed in Table 1, in which also the Compositions of the surface cleaning agent, the temperature at the agent is used, and the removal cleaning results of industrial oil of plates are given. For comparison are also the Results given by the known means.  

Table 1

As can be seen from Table 1, the proposed ones ensure Compositions an effective soil removal within a wide Temperature range compared with the known means, the one has sufficient effect at a temperature of 45 ° C and above.

When removing heavy dirt (masut, lubricating oils) from surfaces It is recommended that a combination of two compositions of the claimed agent, the first being a hydrocarbon Solvent contains. The surface is successively with the first and the second composition cleaned.

Example 5

As a pollutant Masut is used

The first composition of the composition is as follows in wt%:

oxyethylated decylphenol 2.0 oxyethylated dodecylphenyl 1.0 isononylphenol 0.03 diesel fuel 55.0 sodium tripolyphosphate 0.20 water rest

With careful mixing of the ingredients of the product until receipt of a homogeneous emulsion became a soiled cast iron plate for 10 to 15 immersed therein and then with the second composition treated.

The second composition of the composition is, by weight, as follows:

oxyethylated nonylphenol 0.20 isononylphenol 0.01 sodium tripolyphosphate 0.20 sodium silicate 0.30 water rest

The averaged results from 10 experiments show that the remaining on the plate remaining amount of dirt is 2.2 × 10 ^-5 g / cm².

Example 6 to 9

The examples are given in Table 2, in which also the cleaning together conditions, the type of surface to be cleaned and the cleaning results are listed. Masut was used as the pollutant.  

Table 2

Example 10

Two compositions of the composition were prepared. The first together The composition of the composition is as follows in% by weight.

oxyethylated isononylphenol 3.0 isononylphenol 0.03 Hydrocarbon solvent 40.0 water rest

The second composition of the composition is as follows in wt%:

oxyethylated alkylphenol 0.1 isononylphenol 0.005 sodium tripolyphosphate 0.2 water rest

The claimed means were used to clean the wing part of a turbogenerator rators without disassembly of this part tested. First, the first co composition during the suction phase of the compressor in the wing part over a annular feed in the form of a jet for 1 to 2 minutes when no-load turning pumped the plant. 15 minutes later, the system was with the second Composition cleaned.

A visual examination has shown that the surfaces of the guide sheets of the turbogenerator were completely cleaned of oil and dirt deposits. The use of the agent allows the technical and economic Kenn data of the turbine to improve. With equal speed values before and after cleaning (around 7200 rpm) is an increase in Kraftturbinenge speed (around 30 to 60 rpm) observed the outlet temperature falls by 8 to 12 ° C, the performance of the turbogenerator is increased and also becomes a Drop in gas pressure observed at the inlet and outlet of the machine.

Claims (2)

1. Agent for cleaning surfaces containing oxyethylalkylphenols and / or oxyethyl fatty alcohols as wetting agents, alkaline auxiliaries and water, characterized in that it additionally contains an alkylphenol and the composition has the following composition in wt .-%: Oxyethylalkylphenol and / or - Oxyethyl fatty alcohol 0.1-3.0 - alkylphenol 0.005-0.03 - alkaline auxiliaries 0.2-0.5 - Water rest 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized, that it is also a hydrocarbon solvent in one Amount of 0.5-55.0 wt .-% of the total amount of the components of the agent.