DE4140966A1 - Heat-stable sealant usable at 1000 deg C or above - comprises absorbent substrate impregnated with salt obtd. from di- or tri-valent metal acid phosphate and alkali metal and/or amine - Google Patents
Heat-stable sealant usable at 1000 deg C or above - comprises absorbent substrate impregnated with salt obtd. from di- or tri-valent metal acid phosphate and alkali metal and/or amineInfo
- Publication number
- DE4140966A1 DE4140966A1 DE19914140966 DE4140966A DE4140966A1 DE 4140966 A1 DE4140966 A1 DE 4140966A1 DE 19914140966 DE19914140966 DE 19914140966 DE 4140966 A DE4140966 A DE 4140966A DE 4140966 A1 DE4140966 A1 DE 4140966A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- salts
- sealing materials
- component
- phosphates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IVHVNMLJNASKHW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorphonium chloride Chemical class [Cl-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl IVHVNMLJNASKHW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical class O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CP(O)(O)=O YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N parathion Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003152 propanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
- D06M13/288—Phosphonic or phosphonous acids or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K3/1025—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by non-chemical features of one or more of its constituents
- C09K3/1028—Fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
- D06M11/70—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with oxides of phosphorus; with hypophosphorous, phosphorous or phosphoric acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/34—Ignifugeants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2003/1034—Materials or components characterised by specific properties
- C09K2003/1078—Fire-resistant, heat-resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0217—Salts
- C09K2200/0234—Phosphorous-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0239—Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0278—Fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0278—Fibres
- C09K2200/0282—Carbon fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0692—Fibres
- C09K2200/0697—Cellulose fibres
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf gegen hohe Temperaturen beständige Dichtungsmaterialien, ein Ab dichtverfahren, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dich tungsmaterialien und deren Verwendung.The present invention relates to against high Temperature resistant sealing materials, a Ab sealing process, a process for making you materials and their use.
Bisher werden gegen hohe Temperaturen beständige Dichtungen bewerkstelligt, indem man Dichtungsbänder einsetzt, die aus Asbest oder Mineralfasern aufgebaut sind. Solche Fasern werden jetzt aber vor allem aus arbeitshygienischen Gründen abgelehnt. Ein Übergang auf organische Fasern, Metallfasern oder Glasfasern ist mit ähnlichen Risiken verbunden und/oder führt zu vermin derten Temperaturbeständigkeiten.So far, have been resistant to high temperatures Seals accomplished by using sealing tapes uses that built up from asbestos or mineral fibers are. Such fibers, however, are now mostly made up of industrial hygiene reasons rejected. A transition to organic fibers, metal fibers or glass fibers is included related risks and / or leads to min temperature resistance.
Erfindungsgemäße Dichtungsmaterialien enthalten ein saugfähiges Substrat, das mit Salzen getränkt ist, deren Säurekomponente saure Phosphate von zwei- und/oder drei wertigen Metallen darstellen und deren basische Kompo nente Alkalimetalle und/oder Amine sind. Diese Salze können vollständig oder teilweise neutralisierte Pro dukte darstellen. Sealing materials according to the invention contain a absorbent substrate soaked in salts whose Acid component of acidic phosphates of two and / or three represent valuable metals and their basic compo are alkali metals and / or amines. These salts can be fully or partially neutralized pro represent products.
Vorzugsweise ist das saugfähige Substrat mit wäßrigen Lösungen von Salzen getränkt, deren saure Komponente saure Aluminiumphosphate, z. B. Umsetzungsprodukte von 1 Mol Aluminiumhydroxid mit 1,5 bis 3,0 Mol Orthophos phorsäure darstellen, deren basische Komponente Alkanol amine sind und deren pH-Wert in wäßriger Lösung zwischen 3 und 9, insbesondere zwischen 5 und 7,5 liegt.The absorbent substrate is preferably aqueous Solutions impregnated with salts, their acidic component acidic aluminum phosphates, e.g. B. implementation products of 1 mole of aluminum hydroxide with 1.5 to 3.0 moles of Orthophos represent phosphoric acid, its basic component alkanol are amines and their pH in aqueous solution between 3 and 9, in particular between 5 and 7.5.
Die saugfähigen Substrate haben vorzugsweise flexiblen Charakter und enthalten vorzugsweise ein faseriges Grundmaterial. Die daraus nach der Tränkung und gegebe nenfalls anschließender Trocknung in anwendungsgerechter Form herstellbaren erfindungsgemäßen Dichtungsmateri alien können die Salze in Mengen von beispielsweise 10 bis 95 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 30 bis 85 Gew.-% enthalten.The absorbent substrates are preferably flexible Character and preferably contain a fibrous Basic material. The resulting from the soaking and giving if necessary, subsequent drying in an appropriate application Moldable sealing material according to the invention The salts can be used in amounts of, for example, 10 contain up to 95 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 85 wt .-%.
Das faserige Grundmaterial des saugfähigen Substrats kann bis zu 50 Gew.-% Glas- oder Mineralfasern enthal ten. Vorzugsweise enthält es keine Glas- oder Mineral fasern, sondern Fasern anderer Provenienz, z. B. Kohlen stoffasern, Metallfasern oder Fasern aus organischen Polymeren. Besonders bevorzugt sind Fasern auf der Basis natürlicher, synthetischer oder halbsynthetischer orga nischer Polymeren, beispielsweise auf der Basis von Cellulose, Polyestern, Polyamiden, Polyimiden, Poly acrylnitrilen und/oder Polyolefinen. Die Fasern können auch thermoplastisch sein. Das saugfähige Substrat kann auch ein Substrat auf der Basis von Papier oder Pappe sein. The fibrous base material of the absorbent substrate can contain up to 50% by weight of glass or mineral fibers It preferably contains no glass or mineral fibers, but fibers of other provenance, e.g. B. Coals fabric fibers, metal fibers or fibers made of organic Polymers. Fibers based on are particularly preferred natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic orga African polymers, for example based on Cellulose, polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, poly acrylonitriles and / or polyolefins. The fibers can also be thermoplastic. The absorbent substrate can also a substrate based on paper or cardboard be.
Der Vorteil erfindungsgemäßer Dichtungsmaterialien be steht darin, daß man mit ihnen bei hervorragender Hoch temperatur-Beständigkeit den Umgang mit Glas- und Mineralfasern und deren Risiken und Unbequemlichkeiten bei der Herstellung und Anwendung vermeiden kann. Darüber hinaus sind sie aus gut zugänglichen Ausgangs materialien mit einfachen Tränkungsmethoden besonders leicht herstellbar. Da die vorzugsweise einzusetzenden Salze wenig oder nicht zum Kristallisieren neigen, be halten die eingesetzten, vorzugsweise flexiblen Sub strate auch nach der Tränkung weitgehend ihren flexiblen Charakter und sind somit bei der Anwendung besonders leicht handhabbar.The advantage of sealing materials according to the invention stands in that one with them at excellent high temperature-resistant handling of glass and Mineral fibers and their risks and inconveniences can avoid in the manufacture and application. In addition, they are from easily accessible exit materials with simple impregnation methods in particular easy to manufacture. Because the preferred ones Salts have little or no tendency to crystallize, be keep the used, preferably flexible sub strate largely flexible even after impregnation Character and are therefore special when used easy to handle.
Erfindungsgemäße Dichtungsmaterialien sind bis zu Tempe raturen von über 1000°C anwendbar, z. B. beim Einbau von Brandschutzelementen, wie Fenstern, Feuerfeststeinen, Wandelementen, Deckenelementen, Kabeln, Kabeldurch führungen und Maschinenteilen. Sie können auch im Be hälterbau oder als Brandschutzpapiere und -pappen ange wendet werden, sowie als Brandschutzbarrieren.Sealing materials according to the invention are up to Tempe temperatures of over 1000 ° C applicable, e.g. B. when installing Fire protection elements such as windows, refractory bricks, Wall elements, ceiling elements, cables, cable through guides and machine parts. You can also in the Be container construction or as fire protection paper and cardboard be used as well as fire protection barriers.
Die saugfähigen Substrate können z. B. den Charakter von Vliesen, Geweben, Gewirken oder Zwischenformen davon oder von Schaumstoffen besitzen.The absorbent substrates can e.g. B. the character of Nonwovens, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics or intermediate forms thereof or own foams.
Als saure Komponente der erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Salze kommen außer den sauren Phosphaten des Aluminiums auch saure Phosphate von Eisen, Bor, Zink, Calcium und/oder Magnesium in Betracht. Als saure Phosphate kommen vorzugsweise Salze der Orthophosphorsäure in Betracht, aber auch Salze von Kondensationsprodukten der Orthophosphorsäure, etwa Salze der Pyrophosphorsäure und/oder höher kondensierter Phosphorsäuren, sowie saure Salze sonstiger Säuren des Phosphors, etwa der Phosphon säuren oder Phosphinsäuren, gegebenenfalls in Kombina tion mit Borsäuren.As an acidic component of those to be used according to the invention Salts come in addition to the acid phosphates of aluminum also acid phosphates of iron, boron, zinc, calcium and / or magnesium. As acidic phosphates salts of orthophosphoric acid are preferred Consider, but also salts of condensation products Orthophosphoric acid, such as salts of pyrophosphoric acid and / or higher condensed phosphoric acids, as well as acidic Salts of other acids in phosphorus, such as phosphon acids or phosphinic acids, optionally in Kombina tion with boric acids.
Zur Salzbildung mit den sauren Phosphaten, die gegebe nenfalls als Gemische vorliegen können, können Alkali metalle, etwa Lithium, Natrium und/oder Kalium, bei spielsweise in Form der Hydroxide, auch in Kombination mit Aminen, vorzugsweise jedoch Ammoniak und/oder Amine verwendet werden.For salt formation with the acid phosphates that are given can be present as mixtures, alkali metals, such as lithium, sodium and / or potassium for example in the form of the hydroxides, also in combination with amines, but preferably ammonia and / or amines be used.
Von den Aminen sind vor allem Alkanolamine wie Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin und deren Gemische von Interesse. Es kommen aber auch andere Alkanolamine in Betracht, wie Propanolamine und/oder Anlagerungsprodukte von beliebigen Alkylenoxiden, wie Ethylenoxid und/oder Propylenoxid an beliebige Amine wie Ammoniak, Ethylen diamin oder Propylendiamin und/oder sonstige Poly alkylenpolyamine und/oder andere Amine. Solche Amin anlagerungsprodukte können gegebenenfalls Ether- oder Polyethergruppierungen enthalten. Andere Amine können z. B. sein: primäre, sekundäre und/oder tertiäre Alkyl amine, Fettamine, Polyamidamine, aromatische Amine und/oder Amingemische der verschiedensten Art. Of the amines, alkanolamines such as mono-, Di- or triethanolamine and their mixtures of Interest. But there are also other alkanolamines Consider how propanolamines and / or addition products of any alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide and / or Propylene oxide to any amines such as ammonia, ethylene diamine or propylene diamine and / or other poly alkylene polyamines and / or other amines. Such amine addition products can optionally be ether or Contain polyether groupings. Other amines can e.g. B. be: primary, secondary and / or tertiary alkyl amines, fatty amines, polyamide amines, aromatic amines and / or amine mixtures of various types.
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Salze kann gemäß dem Stand der Technik erfolgen, vorzugsweise durch Umsetzung der sauren Phosphate mit Alkalimetall hydroxiden und/oder mit den Aminen in wäßrigem Medium. Dabei können z. B. 20 bis 90 gew.-%ige wäßrige Lösungen erhalten und zum Tränken verwendet werden.The preparation of the salts to be used according to the invention can be done according to the prior art, preferably by reacting the acidic phosphates with alkali metal hydroxides and / or with the amines in an aqueous medium. Here, for. B. 20 to 90 wt .-% aqueous solutions preserved and used for watering.
Die Tränkung der saugfähigen Substrate kann bei Tempera turen von beispielsweise 0 bis 120°C erfolgen. Der Tränkvorgang kann gegebenenfalls mehrmals wiederholt werden. Nach der Tränkung kann eine Trocknung erfolgen, sofern das erforderlich erscheint.The absorbent substrates can be soaked at Tempera Tures from 0 to 120 ° C, for example. The Soaking can be repeated several times if necessary will. After soaking, drying can take place if that seems necessary.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Dichtungsmaterialien können in Form von Flächengebilden, Streifen oder Rollen zum Ein satz kommen. Bei einer speziellen Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird getränktes, feuchtes oder trockenes, faseriges Material wie Watte in Fugen eingedrückt oder flächig verteilt.The sealing materials according to the invention can in Form of flat structures, strips or rolls for one sentence come. In a special embodiment of the Invention is soaked, damp or dry, fibrous material like cotton wool pressed into joints or distributed over the entire area.
Erfindungsgemäße, zumeist flächige Dichtungsmaterialien können gegebenenfalls geformt und/oder gepreßt worden sein und z. B. als Halbschalen oder als Innen- und/oder Deckschichten von Sandwichkonstruktionen zum Einsatz ge langen. Verformungen können z. B. thermoplastisch, vor oder nach der Tränkung des saugfähigen Substrats vorge nommen werden. Mostly flat sealing materials according to the invention can optionally be shaped and / or pressed be and z. B. as half shells or as inner and / or Cover layers of sandwich constructions for use long. Deformations can e.g. B. thermoplastic, before or pre-soaked after soaking the absorbent substrate be taken.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Abdichten von Fugen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man die Fugen mit einem Substrat versieht, das mit Salzen getränkt ist, deren Säurekomponente saure Phosphate von 2- und/oder 3-wertigen Metallen darstellen und deren basische Komponente Alkalimetalle und/oder Amine sind. Die Substrate und Tränkmaterialien für dieses Verfahren sind vorstehend beschrieben.The present invention also relates to a method for sealing joints, which is characterized by that you provide the joints with a substrate that with Soaked salts, the acid component of which is acidic Represent phosphates of 2- and / or trivalent metals and their basic component alkali metals and / or Are amines. The substrates and impregnation materials for this method is described above.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Dichtungsmaterialien und das er findungsgemäße Verfahren zum Abdichten von Fugen haben den Vorteil, daß sie Abdichtungen mit flexiblen, tex tilen Dichtungsbändern ermöglichen, die auch bei hohen Temperaturen nicht aus dem Dichtungsbereich wegschmel zen, sondern dort funktionsfähig bleiben. The sealing materials of the invention and he have methods according to the invention for sealing joints the advantage that they have seals with flexible, tex til sealing tapes allow, even at high Do not melt temperatures out of the sealing area zen, but remain functional there.
Eine wäßrige Lösung des Umsetzungsproduktes aus 1 Mol Aluminiumhydroxid und 3 Molen Orthophosphorsäure (ca. 60 gew.-%ig) wurde mit Ethanolamin auf einen pH-Wert von 6 gebracht und auf 70 Gew.-% Feststoffgehalt einge stellt. Man erhielt eine klare, dünnflüssige Lösung. Mit dieser Lösung wurde eine handelsübliche Löschpapier ähnliche saugfähige Platte aus Baumwoll-Linters-Material mit einem Flächengewicht von 400 g/m2 satt getränkt und dann bei 80°C getrocknet. Man erhielt ein flexibles, nicht klebendes Dichtungsmaterial, das 65 Gew.-% Tränk salz und 35 Gew.-% faseriges Grundmaterial des Substrats enthielt.An aqueous solution of the reaction product of 1 mole of aluminum hydroxide and 3 moles of orthophosphoric acid (approx. 60% by weight) was brought to a pH of 6 with ethanolamine and adjusted to a solids content of 70% by weight. A clear, low-viscosity solution was obtained. With this solution a commercially available blotting paper-like absorbent plate made of cotton linters material with a basis weight of 400 g / m 2 was saturated and then dried at 80 ° C. A flexible, non-adhesive sealing material was obtained which contained 65% by weight of impregnating salt and 35% by weight of fibrous base material of the substrate.
Ein in wäßriger Lösung hergestelltes Umsetzungsprodukt aus 1 Mol Aluminiumhydroxid und 2 Mol Orthophosphorsäure wurde in 60 gew.-%iger Konzentration mit einem Gemisch aus gleichen Gewichtsteilen Mono-, Di- und Triethanol amin auf einen pH-Wert von 6,5 eingestellt. Die erhal tene Lösung wurde auf 60 Gew.-% Feststoffgehalt einge stellt. Als saugfähiges Substrat wurde eine Platte aus Nadelholzzellstoff mit einem Flächengewicht von 500 g/m2 verwendet. Diese Platte wurde zweimal mit der Lösung ge tränkt und anschließend getrocknet. Das resultierende Dichtungsmaterial wurde zu Streifen geschnitten. Es ent hielt 70 Gew.-% Tränksalz und ließ sich flexibel auf rollen. A reaction product prepared in aqueous solution from 1 mol of aluminum hydroxide and 2 mol of orthophosphoric acid was adjusted to a pH of 6.5 in a 60% strength by weight concentration with a mixture of equal parts by weight of mono-, di- and triethanolamine. The solution obtained was adjusted to a solids content of 60% by weight. A plate made of softwood pulp with a basis weight of 500 g / m 2 was used as the absorbent substrate. This plate was soaked twice with the solution and then dried. The resulting sealing material was cut into strips. It contained 70% by weight of drinking salt and could be rolled up flexibly.
Aus 1 Mol Zinkoxid und 2 Mol Aluminiumhydroxid wurden in 50-gew.-%iger wäßriger Suspension durch Zusatz von 8 Mol Orthophosphorsäure ein Gemisch saurer Phosphate hergestellt. Dieses wurde mit dem auch in Beispiel 2 verwendeten Amingemisch auf einen pH-Wert von 6 und die resultierende wäßrige Lösung anschließend auf einen Feststoffgehalt von 70 Gew.-% eingestellt. Mit der dünn flüssigen, trüben Lösung wurden in separaten Ansätzen ein 60 Gew.-% Baumwolle enthaltendes Baumwoll-Polyester- Mischgewebe, ein Kaolinwollvlies mit einem Flächenge wicht von 600 g/m2, ein Polyaramid-Kohlenstoffaser- Mischgewebe, ein Polyacrylnitril-Polyamid-Mischgewebe und eine Polyurethanschaumstoffolie mit einem Flächen gewicht von 350 g/m2 satt getränkt, getrocknet, nochmals getränkt und nochmals getrocknet. Dann wurden die ausgerüsteten flexiblen Materialien, die ca. 75 Gew.-% Tränksalz enthielten, in Streifen geschnitten und auf gerollt.A mixture of acidic phosphates was prepared from 1 mol of zinc oxide and 2 mol of aluminum hydroxide in 50% by weight aqueous suspension by adding 8 mol of orthophosphoric acid. This was adjusted to a pH of 6 with the amine mixture also used in Example 2 and the resulting aqueous solution was then adjusted to a solids content of 70% by weight. With the thin, liquid, cloudy solution, a 60% by weight cotton-polyester blend, a kaolin fleece with a weight of 600 g / m 2 , a polyaramide-carbon fiber blend, a polyacrylonitrile-polyamide blend were mixed in separate batches. Blended fabric and a polyurethane foam film with a basis weight of 350 g / m 2 saturated, dried, soaked again and again dried. Then the finished flexible materials, which contained approx. 75% by weight of drinking salt, were cut into strips and rolled up.
In 50gew.-%iger wäßriger Lösung wurde das Salz aus 1 Mol Aluminiumhydroxid und 3 Mol Methylphosphonsäure hergestellt. Dann wurde 1 Mol Natriumhydroxid in Form einer 40 gew.-%igen wäßrigen Lösung hinzugesetzt und dann mit einem Gemisch aus gleichen Teilen Mono- und Diethanolamin unter intensivem Rühren auf einen pH-Wert von 6 eingestellt. Die resultierende Lösung wurde mit weiterem Wasser auf einen Feststoffgehalt von 50 Gew.-% eingestellt. The salt was removed in 50% strength by weight aqueous solution 1 mole of aluminum hydroxide and 3 moles of methylphosphonic acid produced. Then 1 mole of sodium hydroxide was in the form a 40 wt .-% aqueous solution is added and then with a mixture of equal parts mono and Diethanolamine with intensive stirring to a pH set from 6. The resulting solution was made with further water to a solids content of 50% by weight set.
Mit dieser Lösung wurde ein handelsübliches Löschpapier aus Cellulosefasermaterial mit einem Flächengewicht von 400 g/m2 dreimal satt getränkt und dann bei 80°C ge trocknet. Das resultierende Dichtungsmaterial hatte nun mehr einen Trinksalzanteil von 71 Gew.-%. Es wurde an schließend in Streifen geschnitten und in Polyethylen folie verpackt.A commercially available blotting paper made of cellulose fiber material with a basis weight of 400 g / m 2 was saturated three times with this solution and then dried at 80 ° C. The resulting sealing material now had a drinking salt content of 71% by weight. It was then cut into strips and packed in polyethylene film.
In einen Mauerstein aus Schaumbeton wurden mit einer Säge durchgehende Schnitte von 3 mm Breite eingesägt, so daß der Stein eine Art Kammstruktur erhielt. In die Schnitte wurden bündig die gemäß den Beispielen 1 bis 4 hergestellten Dichtungsmaterialien eingebracht, so daß die Schnittfugen locker ausgefüllt waren. Dann wurde der so präparierte Stein in einen in Anlehnung an DIN 4102 arbeitenden Kleinbrandofen eingestellt, so daß er von der Brennerflamme voll umfaßt wurde und über 3 Stunden nach der ETK-(Einheits-Temperaturkurve)-Temperatur führung beheizt. Nach dem Abkühlen wurde der Prüfkörper entnommen und begutachtet.In a brick made of foam concrete with a Saw cut through 3 mm wide cuts, so that the stone got a kind of comb structure. In the Sections were flush with those according to Examples 1 to 4 introduced sealing materials introduced so that the kerfs were filled in loosely. Then the stone prepared in one in accordance with DIN 4102 working small furnace set so that it from the burner flame was fully covered and over 3 hours according to the ETK (unit temperature curve) temperature heated guide. After cooling, the test specimen removed and examined.
ln allen Fällen waren die Fugen, die Temperaturen um 1000°C ausgesetzt waren, noch mit einem weißen, kerami sierten Material gefüllt. Es war nichts herausgeblasen oder herausgeschmolzen. Die ursprüngliche Struktur der eingelegten Dichtungsstreifen war voll erhalten geblieben. In all cases the joints, the temperatures were around Exposed to 1000 ° C, still with a white, kerami filled material. Nothing was blown out or melted out. The original structure of the the inserted sealing strip was fully preserved remained.
Dem Versuch ist also zu entnehmen, daß erfindungsge mäße Dichtungsmaterialien auch bei hohen Temperaturen und bei Flammenerosion an ihrem Einsatzort funktions fähig verbleiben.The experiment can therefore be seen that Invention moderate sealing materials even at high temperatures and function in the event of flame erosion at their place of use remain capable.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914140966 DE4140966A1 (en) | 1991-12-12 | 1991-12-12 | Heat-stable sealant usable at 1000 deg C or above - comprises absorbent substrate impregnated with salt obtd. from di- or tri-valent metal acid phosphate and alkali metal and/or amine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914140966 DE4140966A1 (en) | 1991-12-12 | 1991-12-12 | Heat-stable sealant usable at 1000 deg C or above - comprises absorbent substrate impregnated with salt obtd. from di- or tri-valent metal acid phosphate and alkali metal and/or amine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4140966A1 true DE4140966A1 (en) | 1993-06-17 |
Family
ID=6446872
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914140966 Withdrawn DE4140966A1 (en) | 1991-12-12 | 1991-12-12 | Heat-stable sealant usable at 1000 deg C or above - comprises absorbent substrate impregnated with salt obtd. from di- or tri-valent metal acid phosphate and alkali metal and/or amine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4140966A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0654517A3 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-11-15 | Bayer Ag | Reaction products of an aluminium compound, an acid containing boron, an acid containing phosphorus and an amine. |
| EP0671452A3 (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1995-11-15 | Bayer Ag | Temperature-resistant, low-fuming coating and binding agent, and use thereof. |
| EP0732388A3 (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1997-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Gel trainer, fire resistant gel and fireproof glass units |
| US6981998B2 (en) | 2001-11-15 | 2006-01-03 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Flame-retardant compositions of methanephosphonic acid, boric acid and an organic base |
-
1991
- 1991-12-12 DE DE19914140966 patent/DE4140966A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0654517A3 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-11-15 | Bayer Ag | Reaction products of an aluminium compound, an acid containing boron, an acid containing phosphorus and an amine. |
| US5604024A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1997-02-18 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Products of reaction of an aluminum compound, a boron-containing acid, a phosphorus-containing acid and an amine |
| EP0671452A3 (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1995-11-15 | Bayer Ag | Temperature-resistant, low-fuming coating and binding agent, and use thereof. |
| EP0732388A3 (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1997-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Gel trainer, fire resistant gel and fireproof glass units |
| US5709821A (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1998-01-20 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Gel formers having reduced gelling time and forming gels with improved melting resistance |
| US6981998B2 (en) | 2001-11-15 | 2006-01-03 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Flame-retardant compositions of methanephosphonic acid, boric acid and an organic base |
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