DE388419C - Device for increasing the heat output of steam power plants with heat storage - Google Patents

Description

Device for increasing the heat output of steam power plants * with Heat storage. The well-known steam systems finit boiler, pre- and post-superheater in the smoke chamber use the heat of the hot gases during operation Farms look very good. When lighting the boiler and when the load is low, especially if it changes quickly. the heating gases are used less well, because when you fire up the heating gases, no heat is withdrawn by the superheater and the heat extraction is of little value even with low loads.

If there are systems for heating trough and power operation, tighten them these unfavorable conditions. Often it happens that on Monday morning after 36 hours of rest such a system is to be put into operation, whereby the cold state of the heating system requires a lot of heating steam and also the power output a higher one will be, (1a e.g. all bearing parts have to warm up a little first. before the frictional resistance corresponds to your normal operations. .Look of the night's rest these defects occur every day more or less died: on. With strongly changing Operated it also happens that the system is often overloaded for a short time and the Steam boiler is unable to. while generating the steam for these "purposes zti to other derive the economic value of the plant due to the low output is decreased.

The invention eliminates these drawbacks in that a special 1) zupfkes: .iel is placed behind the last steam superheater for low pressure. The heating gases, which can still give off a lot of heat at times, are used to evaporate and higher pressure formation in this secondary boiler used (read the more; the less the superheaters are effective, more than during the preheating times when the superheaters Do not extract any temperature from the heating gases. The low pressure boiler has a large one Water space and can therefore only have a small increase in pressure in the water store large amounts of heat. This stored "noise" can be used during commissioning the system can be made very useful and increases the maximum performance of the Machine as well in heating as in power output. This is just after downtime Of particular value, because of the temporary increase in performance that then occurs a special heat consumption is not required. 13s is assumed here that the low-pressure boiler is not cooled down to the same extent by the downtime can, (1a13 a pressure build-up in it is impossible. The boiler must be protected as far as possible from noise losses, and at the beginning of the downtime it must have a pressure that slightly exceeds the normal working pressure of the system, so (1a13 a cooling at the beginning of the new stimulus time only to the normal working pressure can be done. If this is not the case. so can be resorted to known 'means, to supply heat and pressure up to the desired level to the low pressure boiler, z. B. "Allowing steam from the high pressure vessel.

1: s is known to store exhaust heat in water tanks and this heat of steam then later as newly formed steam with only a little lower To use pressure for heating or power purposes.

In the case of combined heat and power systems, the absorption steam can reach up to 1, '.; the Boiler voltage used «- earth. If an alternating operation is>% -orluinden, then after the invention of the low-pressure boiler, which zti utilize the coldest heating gases is intended to be used as a heat accumulator. For the low pressure boiler a maximum pressure from the voltage of the high pressure vessel would therefore come into question.

In known combined heat and power machines, it can be 1z Atm. Overpressure the transducer pressure except for .I Atni. Overpressure can be increased. At the same height the pressure in the accumulator can be increased by charging at the end of the operating time will. Then the memory stops, cools down a bit during the break and loses consequently on pressure. When the high-pressure boiler is heated up, this pressure loss occurs Replaced in the 1 low pressure boiler by the action of the very hot heating gases will. The memory is therefore at the start of the new operating time with its full steam voltage as a heating and power reserve.

A large power output is therefore expected during commissioning can be, for the time being, only with room heating at around 1 /, atm. Overpressure calculated will. In this case, a particular amount of steam should be taken from the low-pressure boiler which approximately corresponds to the heating steam consumption of the normal system per hour. The steam output of the main boiler is therefore available twice for almost an hour and this precisely at a time when this is usually most needed. After this time it is sufficient to take the heating steam from the machine alone and then later still to limit, to increase the heating voltage and the excess To store steam again, with in the memory by the heat emission of the heating gases there is still an additional increase in heat.

If the memory is now fully charged again with the highest permissible Pressure can be higher for heating purposes as well as for cooking or similar purposes strained steam can be removed. The high pressure boiler is said to be different at all of these Stresses always develop the same vapor as possible. They are compound engines known in which the regulation of the power output by correspondingly higher or low transducer pressure can take place. This makes it possible to use the high pressure stage Always supply almost the same amount of steam, even with varying loads of the motor. The control of the power consumption then takes place more from the transducer counterpressure than from the steam supply to the high pressure stage. With this more or less constant Withdrawal of steam from the high-pressure boiler system, the efficiency of the same can be much higher can be increased than is possible with variable steam extraction.

The low-pressure boiler storage is therefore two different things exposed to independent heating effects. Once the exhausting hot gases act behind the superheaters, much more powerfully in the heating-up time than in the later operating times. Then the supply of the temporarily excess continues to have an effect during the operating hours Steam heat. The steam heat is extracted in the known manner for cooking and space heating purposes. There is another special advantage of the composite boiler and engine system, that this can be used for the smallest designs and for the smallest, as the largest systems offer the owner the guarantee that they are thermally perfect Own plant.

In Figs. R and a, the system is shown schematically in plan and elevation. A is the high pressure boiler, b is the main superheater for the high pressure boiler steam, which is fed through line c to the high pressure stage d. The exhaust steam is fed through line e to a two-part post-superheater f for exhaust steam, between which there is a voltage regulator g. The post-superheated steam of the low-pressure stage i flows from the superheater f to or through the branch L in whole or in part to the second low-pressure boiler h, in which the steam is introduced into the boiler water in a known manner. Receiver steam can now be passed through organ g directly to the heater. or it can be conducted from the steam dome of the low-pressure boiler iz by means of line o steam from this boiler to the connecting piece provided with closing elements and into the heater p. The heating gases flow, following the arrows, out of the boiler a. to the 111antelüberhitzerbuchse r-, flow through here first the high pressure steam superheater b, then the split exhaust steam superheater f and enter from the Rat.chsaminelkammers in the discharge nozzle t, from which they enter the second low pressure boiler k and, as assumed here, through two flame tubes z , be performed. The flue gases are then fed into your chimney from this boiler.

The machine system can be designed as a piston machine or a steam turbine be.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: Device for increasing the heat output of steam power plants with heat accumulators and composite steam engines with reheating and steam extraction, characterized in that behind the superheaters (b, f) a large-volume steam boiler (k) known per se is arranged for low pressure and with the heater (p) and the sensor (h) is connected in such a way that it absorbs the heating gases flowing out of the superheaters and stores steam.