DE3803412C1 - Multilayer extrusion apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A multilayer extrusion apparatus for producing multilayered laminates from thermoplastic materials, having an extrusion die and a multilayer adapter (2) which is arranged upstream of the extrusion die and, if appropriate, may even be formed in one piece with the extrusion die, in which arrangement the multilayer adapter (2) has a main flow passage (9) and at least one secondary flow passage (10 and 11 and 12) and, at least in the secondary flow passage or the secondary flow passages (10, 11, 12) there is respectively arranged a throttling device, is to be improved in a mechanically and constructionally easy manner by the throttling device being designed as a bolt, by the bolt having a flow passage for the material which is to be supplied and touching or partially penetrating the main flow passage (9) by a contact region (15), and by it being made possible by moving of the bolt (13) with respect to the main flow passage (9), in particular by turning of the bolt (13) about its longitudinal axis, to set the form of the layer, in particular the layer thickness of the corresponding layer of the laminate to be produced (Fig.). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a multilayer extrusion device for production multilayer laminates made of thermoplastic materials after the Preamble of claim 1.

In the known multi-layer extrusion device, of which the invention goes out (DE-OS 27 22 748), the or each throttle device as blade-like or wing-like dividers. The divider is either in a dosing housing integrated in the multi-layer adapter or pivoted directly in the multi-layer adapter and thus the one upstream of the spray nozzle. The walls of the divider form together with either another divisor or one inner wall of the multilayer adapter a back pressure chamber, the Cross section is larger than the other cross section of the main passage flow channel or the secondary flow channel. That of the extrusion die too feeding thermoplastic material first flows into the back pressure chambers. A cross occurs under the action of pressure and heat flow to dissolve internal material tensions of the material and thus an equalization of the pressure prevailing in the material. The thermoplastic material flows in from the back pressure chambers Throttle channels. The throttle channels are also from the walls the divider along with either another divider or the inner wall of the multilayer adapter formed. By swiveling of the divider or the divider, the throttle channels can be narrowed or be enlarged. The position of the divider or divisors is therefore decisive for the thickness of the individual layers of the manufactured Laminates.

Otherwise, it is in the multi-layer extrusion explained above device known (CLOEREN brochure "The specialists for the most modern Extrusion technology "), the throttle channels so-called distributor pins to connect in terms of flow. The distribution pins are as rotary bolt and have the task of the melt flowing past constrict in their thickness, whereby z. B. on the flow of the extrusion sionsdüse can be influenced.  

The multilayer extrusion device discussed above has the disadvantage that the layer thicknesses of the laminate to be produced are not independent of one another are adjustable. If you swivel a divider, you zoom in on for example, the cross section of a throttle channel and thereby reduced the cross section of the other throttle channel accordingly. Besides, that is Adjustment of the divider because of the considerable effective lever arm on the one hand connected with great effort, on the other hand not very precise. Otherwise, the throttle device is also expensive in its construction dig.

The multilayer extrusion device discussed above is finally in the Practice problematic when a mechanical defect causes an expansion of the Throttle device required. For this is namely a disassembly of the multi-layer adapter is necessary in its individual components. The one there if the extrusion device is idle, this is considerable.

The invention has for its object the known, previously discussed To improve multilayer extrusion device mechanically and constructively.

The multi-layer extrusion device according to the invention solves the previously shown te task by the features of the labeling part of claim 1 in conjunction with its generic term.

The multilayer extrusion device according to the invention has a constructive extremely simple throttle device, namely a bolt. The Bol zen is movable in relation to the main flow channel, but must itself have no other movable components. The bolt is total easy to pull out of the bypass channel and through an Er Set bolts can be replaced quickly and easily. In addition to the one with the bolt Achieved simple construction of the throttle device is also the maintenance of the extrusion device is considerably simplified. Because of the ge wrestle is effective lever arm, at least when the pin rotates its longitudinal axis, the effort required to adjust it low  and the precision of setting high. Finally, with the inventions construction in accordance with the invention has been created that the layers of the laminate, in particular the layer thicknesses, can set independently.

There are now different ways of teaching the present Er to design and develop the invention in an advantageous manner. There is to the subordinate claims 2 to 17 to refer.

The following description serves to explain only one exemplary embodiment of FIG Invention based on the drawing. In connection with the Er purification of the preferred embodiment of the invention based on The drawing will also be refinements and further training of teaching explained. In the drawing shows

Fig. 1, partly broken away in section, of a Mehrschichtadap ter an inventive multi-layer extrusion apparatus,

Fig. 2 shows the object 1 of Fig. In section II-II of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 in an enlarged representation, a preferred Ausführungsbei play a bolt of the article of FIG. 1, the "inner workings" of the bolt shown in phantom,

Fig. 4 shows the object of Fig. 3 in section and

Fig. 5 shows the object of Fig. 3 in section along the line VV.

Figs. 1 and 2 show a multi-layer extrusion apparatus 1 for the manufacture lung multilayer laminates of thermoplastic materials. The essential components of the multilayer extrusion device 1 include an extrusion nozzle ( not shown) and a multilayer adapter 2 upstream of the extrusion nozzle in terms of flow. The extrusion die and the multilayer adapter can also be made in one piece. In addition to the multilayer adapter 2 , FIG. 1 also shows three feed devices 3, 4, 5 for loading the multilayer adapter 2 with thermoplastic materials to be extruded. The feeding devices 3, 4, 5 are attached to the multilayer adapter 2 by means of countersunk allen screws 6, 7,. 8

The multilayer adapter 2 has a main flow channel 9 and at least one secondary flow channel 10 or 11 or 12 . At least in the secondary flow channel or in the secondary flow channels 10, 11, 12 , a throttle device is arranged in each case. Fig. 1 and 2 together show that the multilayer adapter 2 in the preferred embodiment a Hauptdurchflußkanal 9 and three Nebendurchflußkanäle 10, 11 comprises, 12. In this case , a throttle device is arranged in each secondary flow channel 10, 11, 12 . In principle, such a channel could also be arranged in the main flow. However, the throttle devices are not shown in FIG. 2.

In Fig. 1 it has already been indicated that the throttle devices are each designed as bolts 13 . In Figs. 3, 4 and 5, a preferred embodiment of the bolt is shown in detail. 13 These figures clearly show that the bolt 13 has a flow channel 14 for the themoplastic material to be fed. In the installed state, the bolt 13 is installed in the secondary flow channel 10, 11, 12 such that it partially penetrates the main flow channel 9 with a contact area 15 . The bolt could also be designed and arranged so that it only touches the main flow channel with its contact area. The bolt 13 is arranged in the multilayer adapter 2 in such a way that it can be moved in relation to it during operation. By moving the bolt 13 in the multi-layer adapter 2 and thus in relation to the main flow channel 9 , the layer shape, that is to say in particular the layer thickness, and possibly also the layer width of the corresponding layer of the laminate to be produced can be adjusted. In principle, any type of movement of the bolt 13 relative to the multi-layer adapter 2 comes into question. For example, the bolt could be displaced in the direction of its longitudinal axis, thereby changing the contact area. The game shown Ausführungsbei shows a constructively particularly useful movement of the bolt 13 by rotating about its longitudinal axis. By turning the bolt 13 , the layer shape, in particular the layer thickness of the corresponding layer of the laminate to be produced, can be adjusted.

In the multi-layer adapter shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 2, the thermoplastic material flows from the top, ie from the Zuführvorrich tung 3 fro directly in the Hauptdurchflußkanal 9 and of the Zuführvor devices 4, 5 forth across the Nebendurchflußkanäle 10, 11, 12 in the Main flow channel 9 and downward in the direction of the extrusion nozzle not shown. With the multilayer adapter 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, four-layer laminates can be produced. The main flow channel 9 , however, a further, for example structurally identical multilayer adapter can be connected upstream in terms of flow in such a way that the thermoplastic material flowing via the feed device 3 into the main flow channel 9 of the multilayer adapter 2 already has several layers.

With regard to the throttling of the material to be fed, it is advantageous that the bolt 13 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the secondary flow channel 10, 11, 12 , preferably coaxially in the secondary flow channel 10, 11, 12 . For example, the bolt could be arranged off-center in the longitudinal direction of the secondary flow channel in such a way that the flow channel for the material to be supplied is formed between the surface of the bolt or a groove running in the longitudinal direction in the surface of the bolt and a portion of the wall of the secondary flow channel. The throttling could also be radial and / or axial movements of the bolt. In the preferred exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bolts 13 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the secondary flow channels 10, 11, 12 , namely coaxially in the secondary flow channels 10, 11, 12 . The coaxial arrangement of the bolts 13 has the advantage that the bolts 13 are easily guided in their rotational movement by the bypass channels 10, 11, 12 .

With a corresponding design of the contact area, the Bol zen could for example be arranged in parallel or at a certain angle to the main flow channel. In the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown in the preferred embodiment, however, the bolts 13 are arranged orthogonal to the main flow channel 9 . This has the advantage that in the junction box of Hauptdurchflußkanal 9 and pin 13 results in casual contact region 15 that, in a coaxial arrangement in the bypass flow channel 10, 11, 12, the Nebendurchflußkanäle 10, 11, 12 can be introduced from the side, which the Accessibility of all areas significantly improved, and that the bolt 13 can be pulled out laterally from the multi-layer adapter 2 without colliding with the main flow channel 9 .

With regard to the design and installation of the bolt 13 , it is particularly advantageous if the bolt 13 has a throttle part 16 and an actuating part 17 and the actuating part 17 protrudes from the multilayer adapter 2 . A clear assignment of certain parts of the bolt 13 to certain functions is thus made. Since the throttle part 16 is responsible for guiding the thermoplastic material. The bolt 13 can be moved relative to the main flow channel 9 by means of the actuating part 17 . The actuating part could, for example, be in the installed state within the multi-layer adapter, so that the throttle device could be actuated via a linkage leading into the multi-layer adapter or the like. Fig. 1 shows, however, that the operating member protrudes out of the multi-layer adapter 2 in the embodiment shown here Example 17. This arrangement of the actuating part 17 has the advantage that the actuating part 17 of the bolt 13 is easily accessible, ie the bolt 13 is easy to operate from outside the multilayer adapter 2 .

As previously mentioned, the flow channel 14 can run both on the upper surface of the bolt, and be ausgebil det within the bolt. In both cases it is manufactured especially advantageous when the pin 13 provided in the flow channel 14 is formed solely in the throttle part 16 of the bolt. 13 FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, these show particularly expedient structural embodiment of the Bol zen. 13 For the inflow of the thermoplastic material to be fed into the flow channel 14 , the bolt 13 has on its end 18 opposite the flow of the thermoplastic material to be fed, in particular the throttle part 16 on its end face facing away from the actuating part 17, an opening 19 . The opening 19 can be formed both in the center and at the edge of the throttle part 16 . In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the opening 19 is provided in the middle in the end face 18 of the bolt 13 or the throttle part 16 . The flow channel 14 directly adjoins the opening 19 . In order to reduce the flow resistance, however, a conically tapering section of the flow channel, not shown in the figures, could also be connected to the opening, which then merges into the actual flow channel.

The leadership of the flow channel 14 in the bolt 13 is initially to be determined Lich according to the specific design specifications. Thus, in the case of a bolt displaceable in the longitudinal direction in the multi-layer adapter, the flow channel could be inclined to the longitudinal axis from one end face to the other and near the other end face becoming increasingly wider into the outer surface of the stud.

A design which is characterized in that the flow channel 14 is essentially cylindrical, approximately axially in the bolt 13 , preferably in the throttle part 16 of the bolt 13 , in the interior of the bolt 13 or the throttle part, is coordinated with a rotational movement of the bolt 13 16 in a substantially radial From section 20 merges and opens into a provided in the lateral surface 21 of the bolt 13 and the throttle part 16 distributor channel 22 .

FIGS. 3 and 4 show that, in the illustrated preferred from the guide, for example, the flow channel 14 is limited to the throttle portion 16. In the interior of the throttle part 16 , the flow channel 14 merges into the radial section 20 and opens into the distributor channel 22 provided in the lateral surface 21 of the throttle part 16 .

The aforementioned distribution channel, which is partially formed in the lateral surface of the bolt or the throttle, could extend both in the longitudinal direction of the bolt and in the circumferential direction, for example in the form of a groove. So that the thermoplastic material from the radial section 20 of the flow channel 14 can initially flow freely, it is recommended in any case that the distribution channel 22 widens considerably from the end of the radial section 20 to the outer surface 21 of the bolt 13 .

For the design of the main flow channel 9 touching or partially penetrating contact area 15 of the bolt 13 or Dros selteil 16 , it is particularly advantageous if channel 22 in the lateral surface 21 of the bolt 13 at least over part of the circumference of the Bolt 13 extending, grooved Dros selfeld 23 connects and the contact area 15 of the bolt 13 is formed by the throttle field 23 and by moving the bolt 13, the size of the contact area 15 can be changed. The throttle field adjoining the distribution channel could run over the entire circumference of the bolt. Such a configuration of the throttle field would ever have the consequence that the supply of the material could not be completely interrupted by turning the bolt. If a complete interruption of the material supply should be possible, the bolt must have a specific area of the circumference without connection to the distribution channel, ie without a throttle field. The Fig. 3, see blank 4 and 5 that in the outer surface 21 of the throttle member 16 connects the extending only over part of the circumference of the bolt 13, groove-shaped throttle member 23 in the preferred embodiment here to the Verteilerka nal 22nd From Fig. 1 to 5, the overall approach is that the contact area 15 of the pin 13 is formed by the throttle field 23 and the size of the contact area 15 can be changed by moving the pin 13 . It is essential that with the bolt 13 installed in the multilayer adapter 2, the throttle field 23 forming the contact area 15 touches the main flow channel 9 or penetrates partially through it. Depending on the rotational position of the bolt 13 , a layer with exactly the width of the throttle field 23 forming the contact region 15 and the thickness determined by the throttle field 23 is passed into the main flow channel 9 .

For easy adjustment of both the width and the thickness of the material to be fed, it is particularly advantageous if the throttle field 23 has areas of different depths, in particular a depth increasing from the distribution channel 22 towards the free end. The throttle field could also be designed in such a way that it has a depth that decreases from the distribution channel to the free end. Such a configuration of the throttle field would have the result that ge precisely when the area of the distribution channel itself forms the Kontaktbe rich, the material to be fed has the greatest thickness. See Fig. 3 and blank 4 that is illustrated here in which, preferred exemplary embodiment, the depth of the throttle box 23 from the plenum 22 towards the free end enlarged, but between the plenum 22 and the free end of a region of constant depth is provided.

To change the width of the material to be fed, it is advantageous if the throttle field 23 has areas of different widths, in particular has a width that decreases from the distribution channel 22 toward the free end, preferably decreases in a wedge shape. The width of the throttle field could, for example, also decrease in a step-like manner. Fig. 3 clearly shows that the width of the throttle field decreases wedge-shaped in the preferred embodiment. Exactly when the distribution channel 22 forms the contact area 15 , the material to be fed has the greatest width.

The throttle field 23 shown in the figures on the bolt offers further, interesting possibilities for influencing the multilayer laminate. For example, you could provide that the throttle field is contoured according to the ge desired flow pattern of the extrusion die. In other words, this means that the flow pattern of the extrusion die is influenced by changing the depth, the width and finally the course of the throttle field.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show that the operating part 17 of the bolt is formed as a male square 24 13. Such a configuration of the actuation part 17 serves only for better handling or actuation of the throttle part 16 . According to Fig. 4 24, the outer square an outwardly open, axially extending bore 25 with thread 26 on Innenge. This configuration of the outer square 24 has the part before that an inserted on the outer square 24 , not shown in the figures actuating lever in the bore 25 is pivotable. The formation of the bore 25 with the internal thread 26 allows gen rell positive and non-positive attachment of an actuating device.

With regard to the installation of the throttle device, it is particularly advantageous if the bolt 13 can be rotatably connected to the multilayer adapter 2 from the side of the actuating part 17 in its working position. This connection can expediently be achieved by means of a flange 27 ( FIG. 1) encompassing the bolt 13 or the actuating part 17 . Such fastening of the bolt 13 enables light on the one hand an axial fixing of the bolt 13 , on the other hand allows a free rotation of the bolt 13 and thus a targeted change of the width and thickness of the layer to be supplied contact area 15 by changing the position of the throttle selfeldes 23 relatively to the main flow channel 9 .

Fig. 2 shows finally that in the illustrated embodiment, the height of the main flow channel 9 in the flow direction of the material to be extruded behind the con tact area 15 is greater than before the contact area 15 and that the difference in heights preferably corresponds to the maximum thickness of the material emerging from the throttle device . The possibility created by using the bolt 13 as a throttling device to influence the layers of the laminate independently of one another is thus fully realized. The thickness of the inflowing forth from Hauptdurchflußkanal 9 material is not affected by the thickness of the flowing layers, since the main flow channel 9 on the respective contact area 15 to the respective it widens ford variable extent.

Claims (17)

1. Multi-layer extrusion device for the production of multi-layer laminates made of thermoplastic material, with an extrusion nozzle and one upstream of the extrusion nozzle in terms of flow technology, possibly also a multi-layer adapter ( 2 ) which is designed in one piece with the extrusion nozzle, where in the multi-layer adapter ( 2 ) a main flow channel ( 9 ) and min least has a secondary flow channel ( 10 or 12 ) and wherein at least one throttle device is arranged in at least one in the secondary flow channel or in the secondary flow channels ( 10, 11, 12 ), characterized in that the throttle device is designed as a bolt ( 13 ) that the bolt (13) has a flow channel (14) for the material to be supplied and contacts the Hauptdurchflußkanal (9) with a contact region (15) or partially penetrates and in that opposite the Hauptdurchflußkanal (9), in particular sondere by moving the bolt (13) by Rotating the bolt ( 13 ) about its longitudinal axis, the layer form u nd the layer thickness of the corresponding layer of the laminate to be produced can be adjusted. 2. Extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bolt ( 13 ) in the longitudinal direction of the bypass channel ( 10, 11, 12 ), before coaxially in the bypass channel ( 10, 11, 12 ) is arranged. 3. Extrusion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bolt ( 13 ) is arranged orthogonally to the main flow channel ( 9 ). 4. Extrusion device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bolt ( 13 ) has a throttle part ( 16 ) and an actuating part ( 17 ) and the actuating part ( 17 ) protrudes from the multi-layer adapter ( 2 ). 5. Extrusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that the flow channel ( 14 ) provided in the bolt ( 13 ) is formed exclusively in the throttle part ( 16 ). 6. Extrusion device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bolt ( 13 ) on its the opposite side of the flow of the thermoplastic material to be supplied ( 18 ), in particular as a throttle part ( 16 ) on its from the actuating part ( 17 ) Has an opening ( 19 ) facing away from the end for the inflow of the thermoplastic material to be fed into the flow channel ( 14 ). 7. Extrusion device according to claim 6, characterized in that a conically tapering section of the flow channel ( 14 ) adjoins the opening ( 19 ). 8. Extrusion device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the flow channel ( 14 ) is substantially cylindrical, approximately axially in the bolt ( 13 ) preferably in the throttle part ( 16 ) of the bolt ( 13 ), inside of the bolt ( 13 ) or of the throttle part ( 16 ) passes into an essentially radial section ( 20 ) and opens into a distributor channel ( 22 ) provided in the lateral surface ( 21 ) of the bolt ( 13 ) or of the throttle part ( 16 ) . 9. Extrusion device according to claim 8, characterized in that the United manifold ( 22 ) from the end of the radial section ( 20 ) to the jacket surface ( 21 ) of the bolt ( 13 ) or the throttle part ( 16 ) he widened considerably. 10. Extrusion device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that on the distribution channel ( 22 ) in the lateral surface ( 21 ) of the bolt ( 13 ) at least over part of the circumference of the bolt ( 13 ) extending, groove-shaped throttle field ( 23rd ) connects and that the contact area ( 15 ) of the bolt ( 13 ) is formed by the throttle field ( 23 ) and by moving the bolt ( 13 ) the size of the contact area ( 15 ) can be changed. 11. Extrusion device according to claim 10, characterized in that the throttle field ( 23 ) has areas of different depths, in particular has a depth increasing from the distribution channel ( 22 ) to the free end. 12. Extrusion device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the throttle field ( 23 ) has areas of different widths, in particular a verrin from the distribution channel ( 22 ) towards the free end, preferably conically reducing width. 13. Extrusion device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the throttle field ( 23 ) is contoured according to the desired flow pattern of the extrusion nozzle. 14. Extrusion device according to claim 4 and possibly one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that the end of the actuating part ( 17 ) of the bolt ( 13 ) is designed as an outer square ( 24 ). 15. Extrusion device according to claim 14, characterized in that the outer square ( 24 ) has an outwardly open, axially extending Boh tion ( 25 ) with an internal thread ( 26 ) and that an on the outer square ( 24 ) actuated lever in the bore ( 25 ) can be screwed. 16. Extrusion device according to at least one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that the bolt ( 13 ) in its working position from the side of the actuating lever ( 17 ) forth with the multilayer adapter ( 2 ) is rotatably connectable. 17. Extrusion device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the height of the main flow channel ( 9 ) in the direction of flow of the material to be supplied behind the contact area ( 15 ) is greater than before the contact area ( 15 ) and that the difference in heights corresponds to the maximum thickness of the material emerging from the throttle device.