DE373965C - Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer) - Google Patents
Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer)Info
- Publication number
- DE373965C DE373965C DEA33241D DEA0033241D DE373965C DE 373965 C DE373965 C DE 373965C DE A33241 D DEA33241 D DE A33241D DE A0033241 D DEA0033241 D DE A0033241D DE 373965 C DE373965 C DE 373965C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- electrometer
- rays
- intensity
- measuring
- arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J47/00—Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
- H01J47/02—Ionisation chambers
- H01J47/04—Capacitive ionisation chambers, e.g. the electrodes of which are used as electrometers
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Description
Anordnung zum Messen der Intensität von Röntgenstrahlen mittels einer Kapazität (Elektrometer). Unter die empfindlichsten Meßinstrumente für Röntgenstrahlen rechnet man das Czillardsche. Dieses besteht bekanntlich aus einem statischen Elektrometer, das auf hohe Spannung aufgeladen wird und dann sich selbst überlassen wird. Machen nun Röntgenstrahlen die Luft zwischen den Elektrometerplatten leitend, so gleicht sich die Spannung aus, der Ausschlag sinkt bis auf Null. Die Zeit, in der dieser Ausschlag o erreicht, ist direkt proportional der Intensität der Röntgenstrahlen. Zur Herstellung eines konstanten Ausschlages wird eine Spannungsquelle dauernd an das Elektrometer gelegt, und zwar derart, daß der Strom auf seinem Wege von der Spannungsquelle nach dem Elektrometer einen so hohen Ohmschen Widerstand durchfließt, daß, - wenn Röntgenstrahlen auf das Elektrometer fallen, die Spannung des Elektrometers sich über die ionisierte Luft stärker ausgleichen kann, als dem Elektrometer aus der Spannungsquelle über den Widerstand Strom nachgeliefert wird. Infolgedessen sinkt der Ausschlag, um an einer Stelle Halt zu machen, -wo die sich über die Luft ausgleichende Elektrizität und die nachgelieferte Elektrizität sich das Gleichgewicht halten. Dieses Gleichgewicht ist gut ablesbar und lediglich von der Intensität der Röntgenstrahlen abhängig. Als hoher Ohmscher Vorschaltwiderstand wird meistens ein Luft- oder Flüssigkeitswiderstand benutzt. Diese Widerstände von einem so hohen Werte, unverändert von Feuchtigkeits-, Druck- und Temperaturschwankungen, mit einer guten Konstanz und Sicherheit herzustellen, ist schwierig; bei besonderen Vorsichtsmaßregeln sind sie im Laboratorium erhältlich. Vorliegende Erfindung benutzt nun Hochvakuumröhren mit einer glühenden Kathode als Widerstand. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß ein derartiger Widerstand erst die für ein Meßinstrument erforderliche Zuverlässigkeit besitzt. Der Röhrenwiderstand behält seinen Wert unabhängig von den Verhältnissen der Umgebung; er macht das Meßinstrument technisch überall verwertbar. Ein besonderer Vorteil ist die leichte kontinuierliche Variationsmöglichkeit eines derartigen Röhrenwiderstandes durch mehr oder weniger starkes Glühen der Kathode, das zweckmäßig durch elektrische Heizung erfolgt. Auf diese Weise kann jedes Meßinstrument - bewährt hat sich ein vielzelliges Elektrometer - auf die verschiedensten Empfindlichkeitsgrade leicht gebracht werden.Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a Capacitance (electrometer). Among the most sensitive measuring instruments for X-rays if one counts the Czillardian. As is well known, this consists of a static electrometer, that is charged to high voltage and then left to its own devices. Do now X-rays conducting the air between the electrometer plates, so equals the voltage turns off, the deflection sinks to zero. The time this The peak o reached is directly proportional to the intensity of the X-rays. A voltage source is constantly on to produce a constant deflection placed the electrometer in such a way that the current on its way from the Voltage source after the electrometer flows through such a high ohmic resistance, that - when X-rays fall on the electrometer, the voltage of the electrometer can balance itself more strongly via the ionized air than the electrometer the voltage source is supplied with current via the resistor. Consequently the rash sinks to stop at one point - where it is above the air balancing electricity and the supplied electricity are in equilibrium keep. This equilibrium is easy to read and only depends on the intensity of the X-ray dependent. A high ohmic series resistance is usually used Air or liquid resistance used. These resistances of such a high level Values, unchanged from humidity, pressure and temperature fluctuations, with a Establishing good constancy and security is difficult; with special precautionary measures they are available in the laboratory. The present invention now uses high vacuum tubes with a glowing cathode as a resistor. It has been shown that such a Resistance only has the reliability required for a measuring instrument. The tube resistance retains its value regardless of the conditions of the environment; it makes the measuring instrument technically usable everywhere. A particular advantage is the easy continuous variation possibility of such a tube resistance by more or less intense glowing of the cathode, expediently by electrical Heating takes place. In this way, every measuring instrument - a proven one multi-cell electrometer - easy to the most varied degrees of sensitivity to be brought.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEA33241D DE373965C (en) | 1920-04-02 | 1920-04-02 | Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEA33241D DE373965C (en) | 1920-04-02 | 1920-04-02 | Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer) |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE373965C true DE373965C (en) | 1923-04-18 |
Family
ID=6928087
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEA33241D Expired DE373965C (en) | 1920-04-02 | 1920-04-02 | Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE373965C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1063287B (en) * | 1956-01-30 | 1959-08-13 | Ass Ouvriers Instr Precision | Device for measuring the intensity and amount of ionizing radiation |
-
1920
- 1920-04-02 DE DEA33241D patent/DE373965C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1063287B (en) * | 1956-01-30 | 1959-08-13 | Ass Ouvriers Instr Precision | Device for measuring the intensity and amount of ionizing radiation |
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