[go: up one dir, main page]

DE373965C - Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer) - Google Patents

Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer)

Info

Publication number
DE373965C
DE373965C DEA33241D DEA0033241D DE373965C DE 373965 C DE373965 C DE 373965C DE A33241 D DEA33241 D DE A33241D DE A0033241 D DEA0033241 D DE A0033241D DE 373965 C DE373965 C DE 373965C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
electrometer
rays
intensity
measuring
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEA33241D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEORG ALLERSCH
Original Assignee
GEORG ALLERSCH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEORG ALLERSCH filed Critical GEORG ALLERSCH
Priority to DEA33241D priority Critical patent/DE373965C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE373965C publication Critical patent/DE373965C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J47/00Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
    • H01J47/02Ionisation chambers
    • H01J47/04Capacitive ionisation chambers, e.g. the electrodes of which are used as electrometers

Landscapes

  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Description

Anordnung zum Messen der Intensität von Röntgenstrahlen mittels einer Kapazität (Elektrometer). Unter die empfindlichsten Meßinstrumente für Röntgenstrahlen rechnet man das Czillardsche. Dieses besteht bekanntlich aus einem statischen Elektrometer, das auf hohe Spannung aufgeladen wird und dann sich selbst überlassen wird. Machen nun Röntgenstrahlen die Luft zwischen den Elektrometerplatten leitend, so gleicht sich die Spannung aus, der Ausschlag sinkt bis auf Null. Die Zeit, in der dieser Ausschlag o erreicht, ist direkt proportional der Intensität der Röntgenstrahlen. Zur Herstellung eines konstanten Ausschlages wird eine Spannungsquelle dauernd an das Elektrometer gelegt, und zwar derart, daß der Strom auf seinem Wege von der Spannungsquelle nach dem Elektrometer einen so hohen Ohmschen Widerstand durchfließt, daß, - wenn Röntgenstrahlen auf das Elektrometer fallen, die Spannung des Elektrometers sich über die ionisierte Luft stärker ausgleichen kann, als dem Elektrometer aus der Spannungsquelle über den Widerstand Strom nachgeliefert wird. Infolgedessen sinkt der Ausschlag, um an einer Stelle Halt zu machen, -wo die sich über die Luft ausgleichende Elektrizität und die nachgelieferte Elektrizität sich das Gleichgewicht halten. Dieses Gleichgewicht ist gut ablesbar und lediglich von der Intensität der Röntgenstrahlen abhängig. Als hoher Ohmscher Vorschaltwiderstand wird meistens ein Luft- oder Flüssigkeitswiderstand benutzt. Diese Widerstände von einem so hohen Werte, unverändert von Feuchtigkeits-, Druck- und Temperaturschwankungen, mit einer guten Konstanz und Sicherheit herzustellen, ist schwierig; bei besonderen Vorsichtsmaßregeln sind sie im Laboratorium erhältlich. Vorliegende Erfindung benutzt nun Hochvakuumröhren mit einer glühenden Kathode als Widerstand. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß ein derartiger Widerstand erst die für ein Meßinstrument erforderliche Zuverlässigkeit besitzt. Der Röhrenwiderstand behält seinen Wert unabhängig von den Verhältnissen der Umgebung; er macht das Meßinstrument technisch überall verwertbar. Ein besonderer Vorteil ist die leichte kontinuierliche Variationsmöglichkeit eines derartigen Röhrenwiderstandes durch mehr oder weniger starkes Glühen der Kathode, das zweckmäßig durch elektrische Heizung erfolgt. Auf diese Weise kann jedes Meßinstrument - bewährt hat sich ein vielzelliges Elektrometer - auf die verschiedensten Empfindlichkeitsgrade leicht gebracht werden.Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a Capacitance (electrometer). Among the most sensitive measuring instruments for X-rays if one counts the Czillardian. As is well known, this consists of a static electrometer, that is charged to high voltage and then left to its own devices. Do now X-rays conducting the air between the electrometer plates, so equals the voltage turns off, the deflection sinks to zero. The time this The peak o reached is directly proportional to the intensity of the X-rays. A voltage source is constantly on to produce a constant deflection placed the electrometer in such a way that the current on its way from the Voltage source after the electrometer flows through such a high ohmic resistance, that - when X-rays fall on the electrometer, the voltage of the electrometer can balance itself more strongly via the ionized air than the electrometer the voltage source is supplied with current via the resistor. Consequently the rash sinks to stop at one point - where it is above the air balancing electricity and the supplied electricity are in equilibrium keep. This equilibrium is easy to read and only depends on the intensity of the X-ray dependent. A high ohmic series resistance is usually used Air or liquid resistance used. These resistances of such a high level Values, unchanged from humidity, pressure and temperature fluctuations, with a Establishing good constancy and security is difficult; with special precautionary measures they are available in the laboratory. The present invention now uses high vacuum tubes with a glowing cathode as a resistor. It has been shown that such a Resistance only has the reliability required for a measuring instrument. The tube resistance retains its value regardless of the conditions of the environment; it makes the measuring instrument technically usable everywhere. A particular advantage is the easy continuous variation possibility of such a tube resistance by more or less intense glowing of the cathode, expediently by electrical Heating takes place. In this way, every measuring instrument - a proven one multi-cell electrometer - easy to the most varied degrees of sensitivity to be brought.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: z. Anordnung zum Messen der Intensität von Röntgenstrahlen mittels einer Kapazität (Elektrometer) unter Vorschaltung eines hohen Widerstandes vor das Elektrometer zur Erzeugung eines gleichbleibenden Ausschlages, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daB als hoher . Vorschaltwiderstand eine Hochvakuumröhremit Glühkathode benutzt wird. a. Anordnung nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Röhrenwiderstand durch an sich bekannte Regelung der Glühtemperatur der Kathode veränderlich ausgestaltet ist. PATENT CLAIMS: e.g. Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer) with a high resistance connected in front of the electrometer to generate a constant deflection, characterized in that it is higher. Series resistor a high vacuum tube with a hot cathode is used. a. Arrangement according to Claim i, characterized in that the tube resistance is designed to be variable by means of known regulation of the annealing temperature of the cathode.
DEA33241D 1920-04-02 1920-04-02 Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer) Expired DE373965C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEA33241D DE373965C (en) 1920-04-02 1920-04-02 Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEA33241D DE373965C (en) 1920-04-02 1920-04-02 Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE373965C true DE373965C (en) 1923-04-18

Family

ID=6928087

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEA33241D Expired DE373965C (en) 1920-04-02 1920-04-02 Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer)

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE373965C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1063287B (en) * 1956-01-30 1959-08-13 Ass Ouvriers Instr Precision Device for measuring the intensity and amount of ionizing radiation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1063287B (en) * 1956-01-30 1959-08-13 Ass Ouvriers Instr Precision Device for measuring the intensity and amount of ionizing radiation

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE373965C (en) Arrangement for measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of a capacitance (electrometer)
US2676270A (en) Radiological measurement apparatus
DE533354C (en) Method for measuring electron currents
DE386908C (en) Method for measuring the carbon dioxide content and carbon dioxide (carbonic acid) content of flue gases using the same devices
DE893374C (en) Directly displaying frequency measuring device
DE486126C (en) Device for measuring and registering electrical voltages, currents and resistances
DE466530C (en) Process for the continuous measurement of the concentration of electrolytically conductive liquids
Distad et al. A stable dc amplifier using 7567A tubes
DE384396C (en) Device for measuring x-ray and similar radiation by means of their ionizing effect
DE1774318U (en) DEVICE FOR MONITORING, e.g. MEASURING, THE ABSOLUTE MOISTURE CONTENT OF AIR AND OTHER GASES.
DE660497C (en) Device for measuring the intensity of ionizing rays, especially X-rays
DE441896C (en) Remote liquid level indicator, in which the electrical resistance change of a circuit consisting of a resistance body, voltage source and measuring instrument is used to display the level of the liquid
DE931186C (en) Device for quick determination of the fault location in electrical wiring systems
DE696054C (en) Process and device for gas and suspended matter analysis
DE535164C (en) Arrangement for measuring electrical alternating voltages
DE745332C (en) Device for measuring x-ray or radium rays by means of two ionization chambers
DE737559C (en) Stabilization circuit for devices with amplifier tubes, especially for tube voltmeters with anode rectification, in which the anode voltage is stabilized by a small glow lamp with a cross current of 0.5 to 2.5 mA
DE437704C (en) Equipment on Wheatstone bridges to compensate for the influence of the ambient temperature
US1843320A (en) Electric meter
DE946374C (en) Arrangement for measuring the peak value of AC voltages and for measuring DC voltages
DE225603C (en)
DE512813C (en) Procedure for changing the measuring range of tube voltmeters
DE393354C (en) Power distribution controller for electrotherapy
AT46303B (en) AC current meter.
DE487664C (en) Arrangement for measuring the time integral of variable weak direct currents, especially in X-ray dosimetry