DE362693C - Guide for the piston rods on air or steam hammer - Google Patents

Description

Guide for the piston rods on air or steam hammers. The purpose of the present invention is to prevent the lubricating oil from escaping from the slideways for the bear and pump piston in air and steam hammers to the outside, and at the same time to achieve a better seal, whereby lubricating oil and compressed air or steam are saved and wear and tear of sliding parts is reduced. This effect is achieved by screwing specially shaped grooves into the sliding surfaces of the bear, bear guide bush, pump piston and Puunpen piston guide bush. Fig. I shows part of a Bärführungsbüchse a with the grooves b. The grooves b are shaped in such a way that the upper edge forms an obtuse angle (the lower, on the other hand, forms an acute angle. The bearing g or pump piston h sliding in this guide bushing will wipe off the excess lubricating oil on the sharp edge when it moves downwards. During the upward movement of the bear, hinge oil is taken from the oil-filled grooves in the lower part of the guide bush, because the obtuse-angled upper edges, which are rounded, do not allow the oil to adhere to the bear After the upward movement, the oil will be conveyed into the upper grooves of the guide bushing or into the lower cylinder space e, f. During the following stroke change, the following is repeated: the effect, so that or the lower part of the bearing guide receives only a little oil, while the grooves in the upper part are filled with oil.In the cylinder chambers e and f periodically overpressures occur when the hammer is working, which is caused by the narrow spaces between want to compensate for the spaces between the piston and the guide bush in the open air. Since oil now collects in the upper grooves due to the wiping properties of the grooves, which are sharp-edged on the one hand, the periodically occurring compressed air is opposed to a rigid resistance. In this case @ the oil must be pressed by the compressed air or the steam from the upper grooves down into the lower grooves, the grooves braking strongly in the manner of the groove labyrinth seal. During the work cycle, however, the oil is always pumped upwards. In order to increase the delivery of the oil upwards, corresponding grooves are also screwed in the upper part of the shaft and in the lower step of the pump piston, which have the same effect and lift oil directly into the cylinder chambers e and f.

In the hammer position "bear up" is in the cylinder chamber (Fig. 2) there is constant overpressure, which over time removes the oil from the barrel pushes out. In the case of the hammers customary up to now, the bear guide is used in this case blown completely dry, and when forging starts again the hammer will .then run dry and tend to "eat".

But is the hammer: with oil catch grooves according to the shape shown in Fig. I provided, the Lubricating oil blown away between bear and guide, but the oil immediately from the next groove, which is not covered by the bear in the "bear up" position (Fig.4) until this is filled. Further pressed out oil is used by the further: below in the Bärführungbüchse caught grooves. The hammer catches again later to work, the bear immediately takes Idas in the lower grooves as it slides down adhering oil again. and transports it upwards when swinging.

Due to the shape shown in Fig. I, the grooves not covered by the bear in "Bear above" are able to keep themselves half-filled with oil. The oil, which runs down at the warning of the Bärführbüohse, gets into a groove and is stored in the corner, because there is a tendency to draw liquids into converging surfaces. The surface tension of the barren oil prevents the passage over the sharp edge d of the groove. The oil trickles into the groove, as shown in Fig. 3 enlarged. Only after the groove is half filled with 01 does the following oil pass over the edge d and fill the next groove, etc.

After the lower grooves are in the "bear up" position as in A # bb. 3 are filled with oil, and if the bear covered the groove at the start of work (Fig. 5, groove b1), the oil, because the adhesion of the bear warning now also works, is slightly concave and a groove b2 sliding past in the Bear scoops up oil with it. If the bear has now reached its highest position, it is forced by the air pressure of the steam to move downwards faster than the speed of fall would result, but the oil in groove b2 in the bear only follows the law of fall, i.e. remains behind the bear speed .digkeit back and, slides to the upper side of the groove b2 and from there into the groove b, the guide bush (Fig. 6). The oil is returned to the upper grooves in the bearing guide bush.

When grooves designed in this way are made in) the air pump, the Oil transport naturally also, but the conditions there are even more favorable, because during the opening of the piston there is a negative pressure in the cylinder space, while during the upward movement of the bear there is overpressure in the cylinder space is which counteracts the 'promotion of the oil upwards. The sharp-edged ones Grooves b2 in the bear, however, grasp the air flow roughly in the space between Leadership and bear down led oil because the air sweeps past one Groove expands, and take up the oil in their sack-like indentation where it slides into the grooves of the guide bush when changing the stroke.

There are ring-shaped grooves in the guide bushes of the valve spindles and pistons, etc. known, but these only have the purpose of holding the oil and acting as a seal by means of a labyrinth. At or present invention, the grooves which are formed particularly for this purpose have, in addition to the labyrinth effect which is only delayed pressing out of the oil, but does not prevent, nor Aden purpose, 01 to convey the driven back again after the cylinder side of the guide bush .and thereby reducing oil consumption to a minimum. At the same time, the constant return of the oil also reduces the consumption of air or steam and the wear and tear on the sliding surfaces.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Guide for the piston rods on air or steam hammers, characterized in that grooves (b,) are screwed into the sliding surface of the guide are, their upper. Sides to the sliding guide, are at an obtuse angle (Fig. i) and their upper edges are rounded, while: their lower sides are pointed Make an angle to the sliding surface and have sharp edges, so that the one on the sliding surface Bear moved the oil in the grooves up and down: on its upward movement takes along with it, on the other hand, when it moves downwards, on the sharp edges of the Strips off the grooves and prevents the lubricating oil from escaping downwards from the slideway. 2. Guide according to claim i, characterized in that also in the sliding surface of the rods .Nuten (b2) are screwed in (Fig. 4), so that with these. Grooves the lubricating oil is transported back to the level.