DE3605633A1 - Apparatus for catching early and isolating water damage on a flat roof and method of fitting the apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for catching early and isolating water damage on a flat roof and to a method of fitting the apparatus in a concrete floor. According to the invention there is introduced, into a load-bearing underlying layer, e.g. a concrete floor (4), a vertically upright discharge pipe (13) which passes through said concrete floor. Above the top pipe opening, an opening (14) is made in a vapour-barrier layer (5), with the result that water which has accumulated on the vapour-barrier layer (5), beneath the insulating layer (3), due to leakages or condensation formation flows away into the discharge pipe (13). The bottom pipe opening of the discharge pipe (13) is covered tightly, but releasably, with a water-collecting dish. If water is standing in the water-collecting dish, this is an indication that there is water damage on the roof. In advantageous configurations, the water dish is provided with an inspection glass and/or a water sensor which emits a visual signal or an acoustic alarm. Consequently, water damage can be caught early and isolated, with the result that the extent of damage can be kept low. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for early detection and limitation of water damage on a flat roof and a method of attaching the device to the upper Concept of claim 1.

Flat roofs are usually constructed so that on the load-bearing subsurface (concrete ceiling or wooden formwork) first layer is applied as a vapor barrier, e.g. Legs Roofing felt with aluminum insert. This first layer is already water-bearing. An insulation layer is applied on top brought, the thickness of which is dimensioned according to requirements becomes. On top of this insulation layer is a waterproof roof skin made of several layers of roofing paper or egg, for example ner film applied, possibly with a gravel fill is covered. The drainage of such a flat roof is usually done through gullies that are spaced in the roof area and connected with downpipes are.  

Such a flat roof structure has the known per se share that large areas because of unnecessary or only slight sloping ceilings without roof truss or other Raises can be covered relatively inexpensively. A major disadvantage is that what Damage detection and fault location difficult and repairs can be very expensive.

Water damage can be caused by leaks in the upper part Most water-bearing roof skin occur. This can be both due to mechanical damage, e.g. B. ex post bringing antennas, etc. on the finished roof as well by overlap, welds, connections sen, etc. take place. At the resulting openings water first penetrates into the porous material of the insulation one layer, causing the insulation values to deteriorate considerably tert or the insulation layer is practically ineffective. There usually the steam lying under the insulation layer barrier layer also waterproof on the base is applied, the water collects there and arrives mostly due to bumps and cracks in the insulation boards only at some distance from the entrance opening the supporting underground. If the supporting surface is a concrete ceiling, the water is usually too then passed on under the vapor barrier layer, until somewhere a fine crack in the concrete ceiling or on an egg ner connection point to the masonry is reached, where then actually the water enters the interior and as Damage becomes visible. The faulty opening is however usually, as stated, far from the water step in the interior. A fault location in the roof Skin is difficult, especially if there are many roofs conclusions exist and the roof with a gravel fill is covered. It should also be borne in mind that on egg a flat roof due to the missing slope Watering is very slow and often larger what surfaces remain, what with a waterproof  Roof skin does not mind and is permissible. This allows but water damage becomes very big because of the available amount of water also after the end of Nieder can still be big and also through small openings a lot of water in the roof structure over time can penetrate.

Covers that are a special problem solid coverings or thicker fillings are provided. Such waterproof covers can, for example, un basement-covered, slab-covered terraces, roof terraces, passable ceilings of underground garages, planted and planted Roof gardens, etc. You can see with such covers a limitation and location of a leakage opening and a repair even more difficult, complex and with considerable costs.

Further water damage can result from condensation within the roof structure, e.g. B. by too small a dimension solution of the insulation layer, faulty execution of work, etc. arise. If there is condensation, the Insulation layer moistened and therefore practically ineffective. This means that the thermal insulation is largely lost and Heating costs rise accordingly. More condensate is used both in the insulation layer and in the building interior favors where moisture damage occurs. Egg ne detection of where possible in a large flat roof area Water damage due to condensation can occur or have occurred is practically only possible if major damage has already occurred.

It is known that many flat roofs with the aforementioned Moisture and water damage exist in a lot number of cases are not recognized because there is still no water burglaries have occurred in the interior. Much of the used insulation materials, such as cork, fiberboard, open po other plastic foam sheets, etc., suck themselves through  Capillary action fully and dry even at high temperatures doors no longer because they are waterproof on both sides are closed and the moisture is therefore enclosed. A repair or refurbishment of a dampened flat So badger can usually only be replaced by the total flat roof structure or part of the area. Which parts of the roof surface are wet is usually with material samples and laboratory measurements found these samples. But such measurements are only limited information because the material samples by Influences during removal, during transport and through experience the time difference to the measurement changes can. By measuring such material samples, if any meaningful values are obtained, only the actual state can be determined. An early detection of water damage or the development of water damage or its spread cannot be determined will. The actual damage to a roof is almost always ascertainable only when the roof surface is torn open will, d. H. the roof structure has already been destroyed.

The replacement of a damp roof structure with one new is expensive and usually more expensive than that The highest version, because the clearing and demolition area for the old roof structure. In addition be is an environmental problem in that with a sania tion of a large roof, e.g. B. an industry construction, significant defects of dampened insulation boards and foils can occur. Such quantities are neither of Landfills for storage, still from waste incineration plants assumed because the pollutant emissions during combustion exhaust is inadmissibly high.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for Early detection and limitation of water damage through con creating condensate formation and leaks on a flat roof, whereby damage cases are identified and localized at an early stage  can be, so that limited, simple and inexpensive repairs are possible before larger areas of the Roof structure is damp and saturated with water.

Another object of the invention is to provide a ver start to install the device in a roof structure admit.

The task is with a generic device the characterizing features of claim 1 solved.

According to claim 1 is in the supporting base layer, for. B. a concrete ceiling, a through it, verti cal vertical drain pipe inserted. The vapor barriers layer receives a recess above the upper pipe opening so that water is on the vapor barrier layer accumulated by condensation or leakage into the drain guide tube flows off. The drain pipe is from below detachable and sealed in a water collecting tray.

In the simplest embodiment, a con trolls of the water collecting tray contents can be seen whether Water damage to the roof in the making or has already arisen are.

Installation of the device is particularly important for new buildings suitable if drain pipes with can be used. A particularly preferred application case is the installation of the device in roof areas, which are covered with coverings, earth, etc. such as B. roof gardens, park terraces, from above only are difficult and complex to control.

Advantages of the device are that upwards no roof skin breakthroughs required for control purposes are. Inspection and maintenance can be carried out comfortably depending on how they are carried out from the interior  follows. The drain pipe does not need to be insulated or insulated to be because it is below the insulation layer towards the interior lies, so that there is no formation of condensate. There through the drain pipe is possibly with sleeves and coupling pieces inexpensive to manufacture and easy to install en.

Another advantageous property of the device be is that there is access from the underside of the roof to the insulation layer for taking samples and moisture measurements is created without the water-bearing roof membrane must be destroyed.

In a more comfortable embodiment according to claim 2 is in the water collecting tray is an electrical water and / or Moisture detector used. If because of a water collects damage water in the drip tray, the Report an electrical signal that ei ver optical and / or acoustic signaling device is applied. Depending on the application, there are a number of below different versions possible. For simple application and small flat roof areas is an indicator lamp and Horn may be useful directly on the water collecting tray, the electronics required to save In Installation and cable costs with a dry battery can be driven.

For larger areas it is advantageous according to claim 3 a large number of discharge pipes distributed over the area to attach. The denser the grid created, the more it is better to limit damage.

In this case, it is appropriate according to claim 4, the Feed in moisture detectors centrally and the signals on egg to put a central scoreboard, which is a representation the installation locations of the individual detectors with the corresponding type shows lamp locations. This is a surveillance  the entire roof area z. B. from the caretaker or Porterage possible.

A simple and independent view trolls is proposed with the features of claim 5 gen. The drip tray should here with a viewing window be provided to recognize through the accumulated water is. For a good distinction is a water-soluble one Dye, in particular a color tablet suggested which dissolves with only a small amount of water and discoloration is visible from far away. This is especially true Especially useful for higher interiors where no Ver staining water in a sight glass is not easy can be known. The sight glass device works in any case, even in the event of a power failure or a fault in an additional system with electri water detectors. The water collecting tray should be in each the case have a recess in which there is already noticeably accumulates little water. In such depth the sight glass or an electrical device sensor be attached.

The Merkma len of claim 6 achieved. On the water collecting tray there is a drain pipe attached, through which penetrated genes water can drain or can be pumped out. The Drain socket is in the event that not always Hose line is connected, closable ren. A particular advantage is that according to repair ture of damage above or after taking off the water drip tray from the insulation layer can dry.

In a further embodiment, the drain pipe constantly connected with hose lines and a suction pump the be, the suction pump ge over the water sensors controls can be so that when water damage occurs  penetrating water is automatically extracted.

With claim 7 it is achieved that water safely in the Pipe opening is derived by the layer of insulation the pipe opening is glued.

Since an opening in the supporting Un If there is a larger discharge pipe, the diameter there is a risk that the roof skin or Puncture the insulation layer there if there is a point load becomes. With claim 8 is therefore proposed for such Cover the upper pipe opening with a grid.

To simply the drain pipe length to the thickness of the sub base layer, e.g. B. adjust the thickness of a concrete ceiling can, according to claim 9, a lower, always the same permanent sleeve proposed on which a straight Pipe piece is placed that simply in the desired Length can be cut from a long pipe. There through do not need different lengths of discharge pipes are sold. The lower socket piece is supposed to have projections for a bayonet lock, on which either the water collecting tray or a Coupling piece engages according to claim 10.

The coupling piece according to claim 10 is used for extension the drain pipe down into the interior, for. B. to Bridging the distance of a suspended ceiling from the Underside of a concrete ceiling. The drain pipe can be more normal wise not to be chosen from the outset as long as otherwise undesirable breakthroughs when concreting the ceiling would be required in the slab formwork.

The connections between the individual pipe and sleeves pieces as well as the water collecting tray can according to claim 11 be all known and conventional compounds. It is essential that these connections, especially the  the water collecting tray are easily detachable. The connection conditions should also be tight so that there is a water return Do not jam water in the discharge pipe from the connecting slots can leak.

According to claim 12, it is expedient, the discharge pipe only so long to choose and cut off that the top edge et what underneath the surface of a finished concrete slab comes to lie. This avoids that when smoothing and Subtracting the upper surface of the concrete ceiling in the area of the Ab guide tube surveys occur that are just expiring of water into the drain pipes.

With claim 13 is a method for installing a front direction or a discharge pipe in a concrete ceiling ben. The essence of the process is that the derivative pipe placed on the concrete formwork before concreting and is filled with sand or gravel. That’s it Protected drain pipe from overflowing with concrete to be squeezed together. It is particularly useful the filled sand after completion remove that sealing film or a seal cover on the underside of the discharge pipe is removed.

An embodiment of the Invention with further features, details and advantage len explained in more detail.

The only figure shows a section through a part of egg NEN flat roof construction with a device for the past detection and limitation of water damage.

A flat roof structure 1 consists of two layers of an upper, water-bearing roof skin 2 , an underlying insulation layer 3 and a lower vapor barrier layer 5 applied to a concrete ceiling 4 . A device 6 for the early detection and limitation of water damage consists of a straight pipe section 7 , which is inserted into a socket piece 8 from above. The sleeve piece 8 has projections 9 on its underside for a bayonet lock 10 . A tubular coupling piece 11 forms the other part of the bayonet catch 10 and serves as an extension downwards, for example in the height of a suspended ceiling (not shown) or to compensate for a ceiling plaster layer. The coupling piece 11 is covered from below by a water collecting bowl 12 by a screw connection. A bayonet lock or a clip lock could also be used here.

The pipe section 7 and the sleeve section 8 are as a lead-through in the area of the concrete ceiling 4 and, together with the coupling piece 11, form a discharge pipe 13 . The upper edge of the pipe section 7 is slightly below the surface of the Be tondecke 4 and the vapor barrier layer 5 is inserted from above into the pipe section 7 and glued there, so that an opening 14 is formed in the vapor barrier layer 5 .

The water drip tray 12 has a recess 15 in which a water sensor 16 is located and is connected to the outside via a supply and signal cable 17 with a (not shown) optical and acoustic signaling device.

At the recess 15 is a drain pipe 18 is introduced with a hose 19 , which leads to a (not shown) suction pump. The connections are provided with seals 19 .

The device 6 is assembled as follows:

The sleeve piece 8 is initially sealed from below with a film and is placed on the slab formwork for the concrete ceiling 4 . Subsequently, the straight pipe section 7 is cut in ent speaking length and inserted into the socket piece 8 . After the sleeve piece 8 and the pipe piece 7 are completely filled with sand, the concrete ceiling 4 is concreted. During the subsequent application of the vapor barrier layer 5 , this is cut out at the opening 14 and glued to the upper tube end. After the wide application of the insulation layer 3 and the upper roof skin 2 , the roof structure is finished. After striking the Be tonondecke 4 , the film cover on the sleeve piece 8 can now be cut out, whereby the sand filling runs out to th un. Now can be done by a suitable length of a coupling piece 11, the further structure down and the water collecting tray 12 with sensors 16 , Sight glasses, etc., are placed.

The device 6 has the following function:

When passing through leakage or condensation of water on the vapor barrier layer 5, this is passed through the opening 14 through the discharge pipe 13 into the recess 15 of the What serauffangschale 12, where a signal is output from the water sensor sixteenth Water that occurs can be suctioned off via the hose line 19 , so that the water damage remains largely local.

In summary, it is found that with the Invention modern device water damage to flat roofs early can be recognized and narrowed down and thereby major damage can be avoided.

Claims (23)

1. Device for early detection and limitation of water damage to a flat roof, which has an upper water-bearing roof skin, an underlying insulation layer, a lower vapor barrier layer and a load-bearing sub-base layer, characterized in that that a vertical drain pipe ( 13 ) is inserted through the supporting base layer ( 4 ), that an opening ( 14 ) is made in the vapor barrier layer ( 5 ) above the upper tube opening, so that water on the vapor barrier layer ( 5 ), which has accumulated there as a result of leaks or condensate formation, flows into the discharge pipe ( 13 ), that with the lower pipe opening a water collecting tray ( 12 ) is detachably connected, which seals the lower pipe opening tightly. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the water collecting tray ( 12 ) an electrical water and / or moisture detector ( 16 ) is used, which emits an electrical signal when actuating an optical and / or acoustic signaling device. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the flat roof ( 1 ) ver over its surface divides, at a distance from each other drain pipes ( 13 ) are introduced. 4. The device according to claim 2 and 3, characterized net gekennzeich that the water and / or humidity detector (16) to drive a display unit in which a display panel is an areal reproduction of the roof surface and the installation locations of the detectors (16) corresponding indicator lamp locations to assigned to the scoreboard. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the water collecting tray ( 12 ) is provided with a viewing window and in the Auffangscha le ( 12 ) a water-soluble dye, in particular egg ne color tablet, is introduced. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an outlet connection ( 18 ) is connected to the water collecting tray ( 12 ). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized in that the vapor barrier layer in the above re pipe opening is guided and there on the inner wall is tightly glued. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized  characterized in that the upper pipe opening by a Grid is covered. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the discharge pipe ( 13 ) in the region of the load-bearing base layer ( 4 ) from a straight pipe piece ( 7 ) and from a lower sleeve piece ( 8 ) be at the Has lower projections ( 9 ) for a bayonet lock ( 10 ). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that between the discharge pipe ( 13 ) or the sleeve piece ( 8 ) a tubular coupling piece ( 11 ) for extending the discharge pipe ( 13 ) is provided downwards, on the underside of which Water collecting tray ( 12 ) is placed. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that all connections are plug-in, clip, bayonet or screw connections, which are watertight due to sealing intermediate layers ( 20 ). 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the upper edge of the discharge pipe ( 13 ) is slightly below the surface of the supporting sub-base layer ( 4 ). 13. A method for installing a device according to claims 1 to 12, in a load-bearing base layer, which is a concrete ceiling ( 4 ), characterized in that that the discharge pipe ( 13 ) with a straight pipe section ( 7 ) and socket piece ( 8 ) at the desired installation site is placed on the slab formwork, the discharge pipe ( 13 ) being somewhat shorter than the slab thickness, that the lower discharge pipe opening with a film or is closed with a lid, that the discharge pipe ( 13 ) is filled with sand, that the ceiling is concreted that after removing an upper layer of sand, the steam barrier position glued or ge in the upper pipe opening is stretched that after completion of the roof and after peeling off the concrete ceiling ( 4 ) the lower film or lid closure is opened, whereby the sand runs down, and that then the water collecting tray ( 12 ), if necessary with a coupling piece ( 11 ) with the discharge pipe piece ( 13 ) is connected.