DE3538732A1 - Process for manufacturing an electrode for an electrochemical cell, especially for the electrochemical production of H2O2 and H2, and electrode for an electrochemical cell - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing an electrode for an electrochemical cell, especially for the electrochemical production of H2O2 and H2, and electrode for an electrochemical cellInfo
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- DE3538732A1 DE3538732A1 DE19853538732 DE3538732A DE3538732A1 DE 3538732 A1 DE3538732 A1 DE 3538732A1 DE 19853538732 DE19853538732 DE 19853538732 DE 3538732 A DE3538732 A DE 3538732A DE 3538732 A1 DE3538732 A1 DE 3538732A1
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- electrode
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- electrochemical cell
- active carbon
- graphite
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Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
- C25B11/043—Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode für eine elek-Process for the production of an electrode for an elec-
trochemische Zelle, insbesondere zur elektrochemischen H202- und H2-Herstellung und Elektrode für eine elektrochemische Zelle Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode für eine elektrochemische Zelle nach der Gattung des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 und von einer Elektrode für eine elektrochemische Zelle, insbesondere zur elektrochemischen H202-Erzeugung nach der Gattung des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 6.Trochemical cell, especially for the electrochemical production of H202 and H2 and electrode for an electrochemical cell. The invention is based on a method for the production of an electrode for an electrochemical cell according to the species of the preamble of claim 1 and of an electrode for an electrochemical Cell, especially for the electrochemical generation of H202 according to the generic term of claim 6.
Gas- und flüssigkeitsdurchlässige poröse Elektroden werden in zahlreichen Ausführungsformen in elektrochemischen Zellen (Elektrolyse, Brennstoffzellen, Synthese) eingesetzt. Dabei nimmt Kohlenstoff in verschiedenen Konfigurationen, meist mit Kunststoffen als Bindemittel eine hervorragende Stellung ein. Derartige Elektroden und ihre Herstellungsverfahren sind unter anderem bekannt aus: 1) Chia-tsun Liu, "Effects of physical structure on the performance of bifunctional air electrodes", in Porous Electrodes, Theory and Practice, Proceedings Vol. 84-8, Electrochemical Society, Pennington NJ (1984), Seiten 191 - 208, 2) K.Kordesch, J. Gsellmann, S. Jahangir u. M. Schautz, "The technology of PTFE-bonded carbon electrodes", ebenda, Seiten 163 - 190, 3) S. Motoo, M. Watanabe u. N. Furuya, "Gas diffusion electrode of high performance", in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Band 160 (1984), Seiten 351 - 357, 4) S. Motoo u. N. Furuya, "Gas diffusion electrode for hydrogen revolution, ebenda, Band 161 (1984), Seiten 189 - 191.Gas and liquid permeable porous electrodes are used in numerous Embodiments in electrochemical cells (electrolysis, fuel cells, synthesis) used. In doing so, carbon takes with it in various configurations, mostly with it Plastics occupy an excellent position as binders. Such electrodes and their manufacturing processes are known from: 1) Chia-tsun Liu, "Effects of physical structure on the performance of bifunctional air electrodes", in Porous Electrodes, Theory and Practice, Proceedings Vol. 84-8, Electrochemical Society, Pennington NJ (1984), pages 191-208, 2) K.Kordesch, J. Gsellmann, S. Jahangir and M. Schautz, "The technology of PTFE-bonded carbon electrodes", ibid. Pages 163-190, 3) S. Motoo, M. Watanabe and N. Furuya, "Gas diffusion electrode of high performance ", in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Volume 160 (1984), Pages 351-357, 4) S. Motoo and N. Furuya, "Gas diffusion electrode for hydrogen revolution, ibid., volume 161 (1984), pages 189-191.
Elektroden, bzw. Stromkollektoren aus porösen Sintermassen auf der Basis von Kohlenstoff mit Metallgewebearmierungen, insbesondere für die Kathodenseite sind ferner aus der DE-A-2 610 253 (System Metallgitterarmierung/Metallfasern/Kohlenstoff/Kunststoffbinder aus Polyäthylen, Polytetrafluoräthylen, Polyvinylchlorid) und aus der DE-A-2 905 168 (System Metallgitterarmierung/ Graphit/Polytetrafluoräthylen-Binder) bekannt.Electrodes or current collectors made of porous sintered masses on the Carbon base with metal mesh reinforcement, especially for the cathode side are also from DE-A-2 610 253 (system metal mesh reinforcement / metal fibers / carbon / plastic binder from polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride) and from DE-A-2 905 168 (system metal mesh reinforcement / graphite / polytetrafluoroethylene binder) known.
Insbesondere für die Herstellung von H202 sind jedoch mit Metallgeweben armierte Elektroden wegen ihrer Korrosionsanfälligkeit und chemischen Instabilität nicht verwendbar. Ausserdem haben Verbundwerkstoffe mit Binder aus z.B. Polytetrafluoräthylen in Anbetracht der hohen Druckunterschiede in den Elektroden im allgemeinen ungenügende Festigkeitseigenschaften. Auch sind die für derartige Binder erforderliche Sintertemperaturen oft zu hoch, um eine genügende Aktivität des Kohlenstoffs in den fertigen Elektroden zu gewährleisten. Die bekannten Materialkombinationen sind entweder zu hydrophil oder zu hydrophob und erlauben praktisch keinen Freiheitsgrad zur Verwirklichung eines bestimmten Hydrophobiegrades.In particular for the production of H202, however, are with metal mesh armored electrodes because of their susceptibility to corrosion and chemical instability not useable. In addition, composite materials with binders made of e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene in view of the high pressure differences in the electrodes generally insufficient Strength properties. The sintering temperatures required for such binders are also often too high to have sufficient carbon activity in the to ensure finished electrodes. The known material combinations are either too hydrophilic or too hydrophobic and allow practically no degree of freedom for implementation a certain degree of hydrophobicity.
Es herrscht daher ein grosses Bedürfnis nach neuen Materialien auf dem Gebiet der Elektroden für elektrochemische Zellen.There is therefore a great need for new materials the field of electrodes for electrochemical cells.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine poröse Elektrode, vorzugsweise Kathode für eine elektrochemische Zelle, insbesondere für H202- oder H2-Gewinnung sowie ein Herstellungsverfahren anzugeben, die bei hoher Gas-und Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit, hoher elektrochemischkatalytischer Aktivität und elektrischer Leitfähigkeit eine hohe mechanische Festigkeit und Korrosionsbeständigkeit besitzt und je nach Verwendungszweck die Einstellung eines gezielten Hydrophobiegrades gewährleistet.The invention is based on the object of a porous electrode, preferably Cathode for an electrochemical cell, especially for H202 or H2 production as well as to specify a manufacturing process which, with high gas and liquid permeability, high electrochemical catalytic activity and electrical conductivity possesses high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance and depending on the purpose the setting of a specific degree of hydrophobicity is guaranteed.
Das Herstellungsverfahren soll einfach sein und unter Vermeidung hoher Temperaturen die Aktivität des zur Verwendung gelangenden Kohlenstoffs nicht beeinträchtigen.The manufacturing process should be simple and avoid high Temperatures do not affect the activity of the carbon used.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 und des Anspruchs 6 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This task is carried out by the characterizing part of the claim 1 and of claim 6 specified features solved.
Das Grundprinzip der Erfindung besteht in einer Aufgabentrennung des für die Cerüstfestigkeit, Porosität und weiterer mechanischer Eigenschaften massgebenden Kunststoffbinders der Kohlenstoffpartikel und eines variablen, frei wählbaren Anteils eines hydrophoben Werkstoffs zur gezielten Einstellung des Hydrophobiegrades. Dadurch wird dem Konstrukteur und Betriebsmann die grösstmögliche Freiheit der Wahl von Struktur, Leitfähigkeit, Festigkeit, chemischer Stabilität und Durchlässigkeit in die Hand gegeben.The basic principle of the invention consists in a separation of duties decisive for the structural strength, porosity and other mechanical properties Plastic binder of the carbon particles and a variable, freely selectable proportion a hydrophobic material for the targeted adjustment of the degree of hydrophobicity. Through this becomes the greatest possible for the designer and manager freedom the choice of structure, conductivity, strength, chemical stability and permeability given in hand.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der durch eine Figur näher erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben.The invention is illustrated by the exemplary embodiments explained in more detail by means of a figure described.
Dabei zeigt die Figur einen Ausschnitt eines Querschnitts durch eine poröse Elektrode. 1 ist der in Form eines mit einzelnen Pulverpartikeln aufgebauten Gerüstes vorliegende elektrochemisch-katalytisch aktive Kohlenstoff.The figure shows a section of a cross section through a porous electrode. 1 is in the form of a built up with individual powder particles Scaffold present electrochemically-catalytically active carbon.
Die einzelnen Partikel aus Kohlenstoff 1 sind wenigstens teilweise von vorwiegend in der Form von Häuten und Filmen vorliegenden Schichten des Binders 2 umhüllt. Der dazwischenliegende Raum wird teilweise durch Partikel eines hydrophoben Werkstoffes 3 ausgefüllt, der zur Einstellung des Hydrophobiegrades des gesamten Verbundwerkstoffs dient. 4 sind die für die Gas- und Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit notwendigen Poren. 5 stellt die für die alternative Verstärkung (Bewehrung) vorgesehene Graphitfaser, z.B. ein Graphitgewebe, dar.The individual particles of carbon 1 are at least partially layers of the binder which are predominantly in the form of skins and films 2 wrapped. The space in between is partly made up of particles of a hydrophobic Material 3 filled, which is used to adjust the degree of hydrophobicity of the entire Composite material is used. 4 are those for gas and liquid permeability necessary pores. 5 represents the one provided for the alternative reinforcement (reinforcement) Graphite fiber, e.g. a graphite fabric.
Ausführungsbeispiel I: Es wurde eine streichfähige Paste nach folgendem Verfahren hergestellt: Zunächst wurde eine Lösung von 8 Gew.-°Ó Polybvinylidenfluorid (SKW Trostberg Vidar) in Dimethylformamid als Lösungsmittel hergestellt. 15 Gewichtsteilen dieser Lösung wurden 75 Gewichtsteile Glaskohlenstoffpulver (Sigri Sigradur G) von 3Ofim bis 300zum Partikeldurchmesser und 10 Gewichtsteile Polytetrafluoräthylen-Pulver (du Pont Teflon 702 N) von l0,im bis 100,im Partikeldurchmesser zugegeben. Das Ganze wurde durchgemischt und zu einer Paste verrührt, welche hierauf in eine mit Aluminiumfolie ausgelegte flache Form von quadratischer Grundfläche und ca. 1 mm Tiefe gegeben wurde. Die glatt gestrichene Masse wurde nun mittels Infrarotstrahler vorsichtig getrocknet unter Vermeidung jeglicher Rissbildung. Dies wurde durch vergleichsweise langsamen Entzug der Feuchtigkeit erreicht. Der getrocknete Körper wurde nun samt Form auf eine Sintertemperatur von 2500C gebracht und auf dieser Temperatur während 2h gehalten. Hierauf wurde die fertige, als Sinterkörper vorliegende plattenförmige Elektrode von der Aluminiumfolie abgelöst. Falls dabei Schwierigkeiten auftreten, kann mit Natronlauge nachgeholfen werden.Exemplary embodiment I: A spreadable paste was produced according to the following Process prepared: First a solution of 8% by weight polybvinylidene fluoride was created (SKW Trostberg Vidar) in dimethylformamide as a solvent. 15 parts by weight this solution was 75 parts by weight of glassy carbon powder (Sigri Sigradur G) from 3Ofim to 300 to the particle diameter and 10 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene powder (du Pont Teflon 702 N) from 10 to 100 in particle diameter was added. The whole was mixed and stirred to a paste, which then in a with aluminum foil designed flat shape with a square base and approx. 1 mm depth became. The smoothed mass was then carefully dried using an infrared heater avoiding any cracking. This was due to the comparatively slow speed Withdrawal of moisture achieved. The dried body was now complete with shape brought a sintering temperature of 2500C and held at this temperature for 2 hours. The finished plate-shaped electrode in the form of a sintered body was then placed detached from the aluminum foil. If you encounter difficulties, you can use Caustic soda can be helped.
Ausführungsbeispiel 2: Eine giessbare, die festen Partikel in Suspension enthaltende Flüssigkeit wurde wie folgt hergestellt: 70 Gewichtsteile Glaskohlenstoffpulver (Sigri Sigradur G) der Körnung 30 jim bis 300 jim wurden mit 15 Gewichtsteilen Polyvinylidenfluorid-Pulver (SKW Trostberg Vidar) der Körnung 0,1 tjm bis 1 pm und 15 Gewichtsteilen Polytetrafluoräthylen-Pulver (du Pont Teflon 702 N) der Körnung 10 bis 100/um gemischt und mit der dreifachen Gewichtsmenge von Terpineol aufgeschlämmt. Die die festen Partikel in Suspension enthaltende Flüssigkeit wurde in einer mit Aluminiumfolie ausgekleidete und mit einem dünnen Gewebe aus Graphitfasern bedeckte rechteckige Form von 2 mm Tiefe gegossen und das Terpineol mittels Infrarotstrahler verdunstet. Der vorgetrocknete Körper wurde in gleicher Weise weiterbehandelt, wie in Beispiel 1 angegeben wurde.Embodiment 2: A pourable, the solid particles in suspension containing liquid was prepared as follows: 70 parts by weight of glassy carbon powder (Sigri Sigradur G) with a grain size of 30 μm to 300 μm were mixed with 15 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride powder (SKW Trostberg Vidar) with a grain size of 0.1 tjm to 1 pm and 15 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene powder (du Pont Teflon 702 N) with a grain size of 10 to 100 / um and mixed with three times Weight amount of terpineol slurried. The the solid particles in suspension containing liquid was lined with aluminum foil and with a thin web of graphite fibers covered rectangular shape 2 mm deep and the terpineol evaporates by means of an infrared heater. The pre-dried body was treated further in the same way as was indicated in Example 1.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele begrenzt. Als aktiver Kohlenstoff kann auch Graphit genommen werden. Der Gewichtsanteil des aktiven Kohlenstoffs gemäss Verfahren nach Beispiel 1 kann 70 bis 80 Teile betragen, wobei die Körnung in den Grenzen von 10 um bis 500 #m schwanken kann. Als Binder für den aktiven Kohlenstoff kann neben Polyvinylidenfluorid auch Polyäthylen oder Polypropylen verwendet werden. Der Gewichtsanteil des Binders kann gemäss Verfahren nach Beispiel 1 10 bis 20 Teile einer 4 bis 8 Gew.-°Óigen Lösung in einem organischen Lösungsmittel betragen. Als hydrophober Werkstoff kann neben Polytetrafluoräthylen auch ein anderer Stoff, z.B. Graphitfluorid Verwendung finden.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments. as active carbon can also be taken graphite. The weight fraction of the active Carbon according to the method of Example 1 can be 70 to 80 Parts The grain size can vary within the limits of 10 µm to 500 #m. In addition to polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene can also be used as a binder for the active carbon or polypropylene can be used. The weight fraction of the binder can be according to method according to Example 1 10 to 20 parts of a 4 to 8% by weight solution in an organic Solvent. As a hydrophobic material, in addition to polytetrafluoroethylene Another substance, e.g. graphite fluoride, can also be used.
Die gemäss Verfahren nach Beispiel 1 zu verwendende Körnung dieses Stoffes kann vorteilhafterweise 10 bis 100 yum betragen, der Anteil mindestens 5 Gewichtsteile.The grain size to be used according to the method of Example 1 The substance can advantageously be 10 to 100 μm, the proportion at least 5 Parts by weight.
Der Sinterprozess kann bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 1800C bis 4000C während 1/2h bis 4h mit oder ohne Verwendung von Schutzgas durchgeführt werden. Die dabei vorhandenen Drücke können in Abweichung von Atmosphärendruck 102 bis 104 Pa betragen. Der Sinterprozess kann vorzugsweise auch zwischen geheizten Platten unter einem Anpressdruck von 1 bis 10 MPa durchgeführt werden.The sintering process can take place at a temperature in the range from 1800C to 4000C can be carried out for 1 / 2h to 4h with or without the use of protective gas. The pressures present can vary from atmospheric pressure 102 to 104 Pa. The sintering process can preferably also take place between heated plates can be carried out under a contact pressure of 1 to 10 MPa.
Der fertige Elektrodenkörper kann ein Porenvolumen von 10 bis 60 °Ó aufweisen. Ferner kann die Grundmasse, ohne Porenvolumen gerechnet, aus 70 bis 90 Gew.-°Ó aktivem Kohlenstoff, 1 bis 10 Gew-°Ó Binder, vorzugsweise in Form von Polyvinylidenfluorid, Rest hydrophober Werkstoff, vorzugsweise Polytetrafluoräthylen bestehen.The finished electrode body can have a pore volume of 10 to 60 ° Ó exhibit. Furthermore, the basic mass, excluding pore volume, can be from 70 to 90 % By weight of active carbon, 1 to 10% by weight of binder, preferably in the form of polyvinylidene fluoride, Rest of the hydrophobic material, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene.
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Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH605884 | 1984-12-20 |
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DE3538732A1 true DE3538732A1 (en) | 1986-06-26 |
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DE19853538732 Withdrawn DE3538732A1 (en) | 1984-12-20 | 1985-10-31 | Process for manufacturing an electrode for an electrochemical cell, especially for the electrochemical production of H2O2 and H2, and electrode for an electrochemical cell |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1020544A2 (en) * | 1999-01-15 | 2000-07-19 | Malat Division, Israel Aircraft Industries Ltd. | Reactor for electrolytic reduction of CR+6 |
EP1171924A2 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2002-01-16 | California Institute of Technology | Improved membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell |
FR2834818A1 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2003-07-18 | Atofina | MICROCOMPOSITE POWDER BASED ON GRAPHITE PLATES AND A FLUOROPOLYMER AND OBJECTS MADE WITH THE POWDER |
WO2010040164A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | Vtu Holding Gmbh | Electrode |
US20130078365A1 (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2013-03-28 | Junya Mori | Method of producing electrode for electricity storage device |
EP2444525A3 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2015-02-18 | Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH | Oxygen-consuming electrode |
DK201670823A1 (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-12-11 | Serenergy As | A fuel cell stack and its method of production, a separator plate in particular a bipolar plate, for a fuel cell and its production |
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1985
- 1985-10-31 DE DE19853538732 patent/DE3538732A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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