DE3513611A1 - Drainage slabs - Google Patents

Abstract

Drainage slabs are combined in a tightly woven, pressed or rolled manner from foamed plastics, which are permanently resistant to moisture and are in the form of slabs, and from filter webs which are permeable to water. On their underside, the foamed-plastic carrier slabs (1) have milled-in profilings which run in parallel (in the direction of slope) and are designated as longitudinal ducts (3). The result is, for example, cavities in a U-format and spacer webs (2) which are left in their original thickness. Through-punchings (8), which simultaneously form on the underside of the drainage slabs so-called transverse ducts (5) between the longitudinal ducts, are produced at regular intervals in the region of the spacer webs (2). That is to say, the size of the through-punchings (8) must be such that the width of the spacer webs (2) is bridged, and a non-restricted transversely running passage through the profilings is achieved. On the underside, the spacer webs (2) of the foamed-plastic carrier slabs (1) are provided, at narrow spacings, with incisions which are designated as lamellar incisions (6). They are to ensure an adaptation over the entire surface area of the basically rigid foamed-plastic carrier slab (1). The foamed-plastic carrier slabs are adhesively bonded to a filter web (4) which is permeable to water (e.g. filter non-woven) and overlaps sufficiently on both sides. It is subsequently ensured, in the event of subsequent processing, that, in the bearing region, no bedding mortar passes into the possible interspaces.

Description

Drainage plates for use under horizontal paving structures.

Area of application: Terraces Terraces and balconies are predominantly used provided with ceramic covering materials. Their excellent properties, such as easy maintenance, diverse design options and a comprehensive range the client's decision in terms of colors and formats.

Almost only the tile specialist and the architect are special Risks of conventional ceramic exterior coverings laid in mortar known.

Most of the damage is caused by what has penetrated the cement screed Water causes. If the drainage system is not laid on a slope and is uneven Moisture seals that have been bonded together, water accumulates in the cavities of the screed on. Those skilled in the art refer to this as duckweed.

These fill up during the rainy periods. Blasts in winter the water frozen to ice by increasing the volume of the pore walls within of the screed structure and reduces the strength with each additional frost.

In spring, when the surface is heated up by solar radiation, the water accumulated in the screed diffuses in vapor form to the joint surface. Soluble limes and salts (calcium carbonate) bound in the cement are incorporated into Excreted flour form.

If the so-called efflorescence is not removed regularly, it will crystallize calcium carbonate and can only be removed mechanically.

A large number of balconies and terraces have this appearance on that a sure Indication for the not professional and appropriate Execution of the seal or the ceramic outer covering laid on it.

Only rarely are the tiler found conditions that the Allow the production of an absolutely flawless surface in the outdoor area.

For the most part, the lowered balcony slab, or terrace thickness waived for cost reasons. That would be the only way in most cases the formation of a sloping screed with a sufficient slope (2 - 3%) is possible.

The cost pressure will therefore also in the future be the reason that already due to the design, the required conditions for the flawless Creating durable exterior coverings can be neglected.

Exterior coverings are subject to extreme thermal loads that are expressed in measurable changes in length.

This creates, even with so-called flexible and water-repellent grouts, who have a favorable modulus of elasticity, especially Harrisse within the joint pattern flanks on the tiles.

Even if the so-called load distribution layer made of cement screed through Two liners separated from the soft seal can cause mechanical damage at the same due to the thermal changes in length of the screed not excluded will.

Particularly in the higher-lying overlaps of the seals Welding tracks and on the flanges of floor drains and pipe sleeves.

Leaks that occur after just a few years have theirs The cause is often the aforementioned weaknesses.

In summary, this means: damage to ceramic exterior coverings mostly due to accumulations of water (duckweed) in the deeper areas of the screed and through direct contact with the rigid screed disc (load distribution layer) brought about with the moisture seal.

Damage to external coverings and moisture seals can be avoided if a) the moisture that has penetrated the screed can flow away unhindered can, b) direct contact with the rigid screed slab (load distribution layer) for soft and sensitive moisture sealing is excluded.

The aim of my deliberations was to find a way or a means to find durable ceramic exterior coverings, conventional can produce tS in a thick bed.

Drainage panels are made from permanently dimensionally stable foam plastics in Plate shape and tightly woven, pressed or made of water-permeable filter webs rolled, combined.

The foam plastic carrier plates (1) received on their underside Milled profiles that run parallel (in the direction of the slope) and as Longitudinal channels (3) are designated. This creates e.g. U-shaped cavities, and the spacer bars (2) left in their original thickness.

In the area of the spacer bars (2) punched holes are made at regular intervals (8), the so-called cross channels on the underside of the drainage plates (5) Form between the longitudinal channels. That is, the size of the punchings (8) must be designed so that the width of the spacer bars (2) is bridged, and a Unrestricted transverse passage of the profiles is created.

The spacer bars (2) of the foam plastic carrier plates are on the underside (1) In narrow spacings, incisions, which are referred to as lamellar incisions (6). They should be a full-surface adaptation of the basically rigid foam plastic carrier plate (1), make sure.

The foam plastic carrier plates are covered with a water-permeable (e.g. filter fleece) Masked the filter sheet (4) that sufficiently overlaps on both sides. This ensures during subsequent processing that no Laying mortar gets into the possible gaps.

The thickness of the drainage plates should be chosen so that there is a contact the screed layer (load distribution layer) with so-called duckweed, which at unevenly glued moisture seals are not created.

Processing On balconies and terraces with moisture seals the drainage plates are first placed over the entire surface. You are for the executions of the subsequent work can be walked on. Small damages affect the functionality not. Practice is performed as described in the guidelines. With an approx. 50 mm thick load distribution layer (9) made of screed, in the structural steel mesh (10) should be embedded.

The frost-proof tile covering (11) is fresh in fresh on the cement screed laid and grouted after setting.

In contrast to the previously usual method, the double-layer can be used Liner can be dispensed with.

The structural height of the drainage plates depends on the case Case different needs. Appropriately, a thickness of approx. 20 mm, which is applicable in most cases.

With the installation of the drainage plates, the weak points become conventional removed external coverings. The water that has penetrated the screed seeps through the filter fleece into the perforations and can thus be used in the longitudinal and transverse channels drain to the soil drainage system.

Should the waterproofing not be on a slope, and puddles within the drainage channels are created, this has no consequences as the screed does not has a direct connection to the water reservoir.

Remain on the outer edges of balconies and terraces the drainage channels open, so that the water can flow away unhindered and dry Days, the residual water in the canals can evaporate.

Explanation of the sketches 1) Foam plastic carrier plates 2) Spacer bars 3) Longitudinal channels 4) water-permeable filter webs - overlapping here 5) transverse channels 6) Lamella incisions 7) Direction of slope 8) Punched holes (the show mkunststo carrier plates) 9) Screed load distribution layer 10) Proof of the screed 11) Tiles, split tiles 12) Joints Blank page -

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS Process for the production of drainage plates for horizontal deck construction 1) Drainage panels, characterized in that they Made of moisture-resistant foam plastic carrier plates (1) or similar suitable materials exist. 2) drainage plates according to claim 1, but characterized in that that on their underside so-called. Longitudinal channels (3) are incorporated (milled). 3) drainage plates according to claim 1 and 2, but characterized in that that the remaining spacer bars (2) are divided by lamellar incisions (6), and are thereby provided with predetermined breaking points. 4) drainage plates according to claim 1 to 3, but characterized in that that the foam plastic carrier plates (1) are continuous in the course of the spacer bars (2) Get punched holes (8) that allow moisture to flow out of the screed allow in the cavities of the drainage plate. 5) drainage plates according to claim 1 to 4, but characterized in that that the punchings (8) must be formatted so that they fit the longitudinal channels (3) connect with each other with the resulting transverse channels (5). 6) drainage plates according to claim 1 to 5, but characterized in that that the profiled foam plastic ffträgerplatte (1) with a water-permeable F ilterbahn (filter fleece or similar) (4) is taped off, and thereby with the later Mortar application, the cavities of the punchings (8) remain unaffected. 7) drainage plates according to claim 1 to 6, but characterized in that that the filter web must overlap on two sides to remove the mortar from the joint area Keep drainage plates away.