DE348610C - Electric motor for alternating current with a high number of periods - Google Patents

Description

Electric motor for alternating current with a high number of periods. To convert Alternating currents with high number of periods in dynamic energy need special types of Electric motors are used. Various designs are proposed for this been, e.g. B. Capacitor motors, called stator and rotor from Tncluktionskondensatoren exist.

Iss has now been found, (iaß such @Iotors by one of the following described new construction of the induction capacitor surfaces one experience substantial improvement. Firstly, their effectiveness becomes higher, and secondly finitely equipped motors with such novel capacitor surfaces are suitable also excellent for the L nitN-an (1-lung of electromagnetic oscillations very high turnover rate and undamped nature in mechanical energy. It has shown that these advantages are achieved when the capacitor surfaces the stator and rotor are made from highly conductive, iron-free strips or wires are that are bent or wound in a special way in a spiral.

Fig. I represents the scheme of an electric motor for alternating current high It is necessary for understanding the basic idea of this To begin with, explain motors using this simplest scheme.

From an energy source with a sufficiently high voltage (alternating or Direct current) are the inner plates of the capacitors and 6 in the case of a spark gap 7, 8 charged until the voltage has risen so far that a spark jumps over.

Since the spark gap j, 8 via 'capacitor 5, self-inductive coil 9 and capacitor 6 form a closed, oscillatory circuit, so are In this circuit there are discharges of the electromagnetic oscillations with a high number of alternations generated. The generated vibrations with a high number of alternations in the primary circuit 9 excite by induction in the secondary circuit io oscillations of the same period and number. To At the end of the first discharge we have the same conditions as at the beginning as long as current of the desired voltage is supplied at all.

The motor is fed by the discharges formed by induction in the secondary circuit. Here I would like to briefly (read Motorsystein Tesla's consideration (drawn schematically in Fig. 1, numbers 16 and 17), which also allows the kinetic use of vibrations of high Wecliselzalil. The same is based on the phenomena of magnetic Hi # -steresis, which is why The motor is made of iron pins and metallic disks. When electromagnetic oscillations of high alternation rate are applied, an orbital motion is obtained. The Tesla system, however, has no practical interest in the execution of large dimensions because of the impossibility of regulation and because of the low efficiency.

In the case of the type of capacitor motor, there are no indispensable Metals used. The positive electricity flows through line 1q. at the same Time to the stator surface i and the brush flx, which is connected to the rotor capacitor surface 3 and 3Q is connected. Both stature area r and rotor area 3 and 3u become as a result, finitely positive electricity is charged, which is on the surfaces opposite these Capacitor layers .4 and .4 "create a negative charge by induction. Stator surface So i and rotor surface 3 are both with positive electricity and the other rotor surface q. and 4, through brush 4.,. charged with negative electricity. But there the same Charges repel one another, so the rotor starts rotating; without the additional stator surfaces (12 and i i) the motor would be like ordinary synchronous motors with ordinary alternating current can be started in any direction. A changeover switch (on the drawing not specified) one of these additional stator surfaces can be switched off, whereby it is achieved that the rotation always takes place in the same sense.

If the current direction is reversed during the second half of the oscillation period, all of the above-mentioned phenomena will occur in reverse order, but this does not cause any change in the direction of rotation, because the dead points between two oscillation directions are overcome partly by stored rotor energy and partly by self-induction. After half a non-rotation of the rotor comes the brush 3, with the second collector surface d. in connection, so that now this area through brush 3 ,. is connected to stator surface i and the brush 4.,; comes into contact with the collector surface 3 (i.e. vice versa), etc.

Although this motor is easy to set in motion, it is only for use for small experimental and measuring apparatus, because the stator and rotor surfaces heat up very strongly (huch Foucaultströnie under university stands. In addition, the efficiency is extremely low, only about 10 to 15 percent. [in course of investigations11 about these phenomena has been found can be significantly increased if the capacitor areas of the motor and rotor provided with finite incisions «- earth. Appropriately, one gives (lein f: incised spiral shape (Fig.2), whereby not only a higher efficiency, but aticli a lighter one Starting the engine and s-, ar noble IZegulation becomes possible.

In the case of such engines, the same applies. continuous condenser and induction effect achieved; they are suitable for this construction (1 for the conversion of electromagnetic currents with a high number, Ilesun @ lers such a slightly dampened nature, in nieclisini., Clie l # .nei # gie.

On it can z. 1i. the statur- unil IZotorl: oildensatoren aur11 in rk-r on. \ b1 ,. ,, schematically indicated F <> rin; tti.iiilireil. l, in quadrupole he Motor according to your scheme rlcr _ \ f111. @. with solcliell from sllirtilf; ü-lllig gcl% .icl <c # Iten Twist plate or bands 1lestelieliclcn stator- find hotorkoilrlells.itoreil provides a well arbcifciiden l% -. cri, iclciisierungsniotor for @ochsc: hwiligcilde Elektrrnli: ignetisclie .l, 11tladencn. It was shown that these \ lotoren very sensitive to I-, c # scliitnizerscheinungctl then show tnict They work best when the stator and rotor surfaces have the same capacitance and self-induction own. In this case, the stator and lZotorwirlctnigeii are in 1 \ .esoiiaiiz.

Such stator and rotor surfaces can easily be considered electromagnetic Poles are viewed even though they are not made of electromagnetic metal, as is the case with .lslektroiiiagneten.

If you use well-insulated winding for the winding illustrated in Figure 3 Wires, the possibility is given, the same in the stator or I '# otor base surface to be embedded, as is already the case with ordinary induction and 1lehr phase motors. It is also possible to increase the number of turns by one more or bring about a less large change in the self-induction coefficient, which again allows motors for the most varied of voltages and Inrlitlctioiiskoeffizietiten to construct.

Ahb. 5 further illustrates such a flat stator winding for a four-pole or multi-pole stator face (only two pole faces shown). As can be seen from the drawing, the winding i must be on the first pole face of right to left, on the second pole face from left to right; on the third again as on the first, and so on, so that in the end four or more electromagnetic pole faces are formed in the order of their polarity change. The rotor surface is also wound in a similar manner.

In practice it is not recommended to have engines with only four Poles, but those with at least eight or, better still, considerably more Poles to use. Fig. 6 shows an eight-pole Klotor, eight of which are closed Induction capacitor circuits are mounted on the stator and rotor. The single ones Induction capacitors (on your stator i to 8 and on the rotor 9 to 16) connected in series and according to the scheme: 1111i. 3 or 5 from non-niagnetisable tetallrlrites or ribbons wrapped. This: \ i-1. rler circuit and winding makes the \ Iotclr very special for feeding both finite c # 1 (-l: troiiiaglietisclien Vibrations of high \\ 'eclisclz @ ilil as well as iii with static I? Lelctrizit; it higher Voltage suitable.

I @ riucaulistr <ime or similar harmful \ ebeliersubeilitingen do not occur with these engines.

C) The motor has a collector with eight fins on the axis, which are isolated from each other and connected to the air fans by connecting wires. Two brushes slide on the lamellas (i and 5) (as with (lleichstrotnnniaschinen), which are connected directly or via switched-on, adjustable ohms or induction resistors to lines 14 and 15 Static electricity or the electromagnetic oscillations are supplied. These are distributed in a parallel direction in the two halves of the stator ring in such a way that positive electricity flows in at the given moment at 14 and negative electricity flows out in the same way at 15. The same applies to the rotor achieved by the brushes.

The maximum voltage of the capacitor layers will occur in the stator at the connection points of the line (1.4 and 15), but in the rotor at an angle of about 90 ° for the lamellae i and 5, i.e. the two brushes. There is a repulsion of the rotor with respect to the stator, and this occurs continuously, since the brushes retain their place.

Claims (1)

PATENT- ALISPRUCF3: Electric motor for alternating current with a high number of periods, with stator and rotor conductors connected in series or in a closed ring There are induction capacitors and the current is fed to the motor by means of two brushes is fed, which grind on a collector, which is one of the number of induction capacitors has a corresponding number of lamellae, characterized in that the moon-bator surfaces made of highly conductive, iron-free, spirally bent or wound strips or wires are empty.