DE3400349A1 - Process and device for producing mouldings from concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

Process and device for moulding concrete mouldings in a mould, consisting of a mould core, mould jacket and two bushings, into which concrete is filled and compacted. Elevations and/or depressions and/or wall openings which imitate a stream-bed-like flow bottom are moulded in, in particular on an inner circumferential surface section of the concrete moulding, during the production. The moulding device has a core segment which is independent as regards the mould core, can be moved inwardly out of the shaping contour and has the positive mould for shaping the stream-bed-like flow bottom.

Description

Method and apparatus for manufacturing

of molded parts made of concrete The invention relates to a method For the production of molded parts from concrete, ceramic masses or the like, in particular of at least substantially rotationally symmetrical molded parts, otherwise in the The invention also relates to a molding device to carry out such a procedure.

It is known that rotationally symmetrical, internally smooth molded concrete parts, in particular concrete pipes, in molding devices with a mold core, and coaxial outer ones Mold jacket and the mold space closing sleeves on both sides in the vibration process to shape. This method leads according to the outer surface of the wall of the mold core too smooth inner surfaces of the molded parts.

There is a need for molded parts for certain applications Made of concrete, ceramic masses or the like, at least in the area of an inner surface section do not have a smooth inner surface, but instead are structured there in such a way that that this significantly reduces its flow rate when passing water and otherwise there are structures with elevations and depressions that a deposit of humus and a settlement of mosses and plants or the like. make possible within the molded part. The object of the invention is to provide a method to propose for the production of molded parts that are particularly simple Makes shaping in said way possible and also an automatic production is accessible.

In the case of a method, the task is that described in the preamble of the claim 1 defined type according to the invention by the features in the characterizing part of the Claim 1 solved.

Advantageous developments result from claims 2-4. So here are in a particularly simple manner with correspondingly shaped counterparts on the mold core on the inner surface of the molded part, e.g. a concrete pipe, at least in the area of a surface section elevations and / or depressions and / or wall openings or the like

Recesses are molded in at the same time as the molded part is shaped. In this way, molded parts, e.g. pipes, but also those with elliptical or egg-shaped cross-section contour or, depending on the other design of the molding device 1 also designed half-pipes or half-shell-like parts in the form of the above Elevations and / or depressions and / or wall openings or similar recesses contain an approximately stream bed-like flow bed, which the flow rate of the The water flowing through it lowers and the deposition of humus and thus the settlement of mosses, plants or the like. Makes possible, so that such a molded part does not lead to a corresponding ecological impoverishment when laying.

The invention also relates to a molding device of the im Preamble of claim 5 mentioned type for the implementation of the method according to claim 1 and following is suitable. There are molding devices known (DE-PS 31 10 185), which at the same time directs the production of the molded concrete part Introducing crampons, stirrups or the like during the shaping process enable. In these molding devices, the core segment is part of an installation device, For each crampon to be set in concrete, there is a receptacle with a support surface with centering and one of the receptacle associated with and arranged on the core segment Has clamping device, by means of which the crampon positioned in the receptacle in this shape is held. The clamping device has on the wall section of the core segment a resilient element that acts as a sealing element and as a compensation element and / or hold-down is used. Such a molding device with a core segment, the by means of its own drive into its active closed position, in which there is the shaping contour vervoli.erstandt, and can be moved back into an opening position in which the demolding of the molded part is possible, it is not possible to recognize such molded parts produce that on the inner surface at least in the area of a surface section Elevations and / or depressions and / or wall openings or similar recesses own. The invention is based on the object of a molding device mentioned above Type to be designed in such a way that this enables the production of molded parts, in particular molded concrete parts, with these special internal structures in a simple, inexpensive way and makes possible in an efficient manufacturing process.

In the case of a molding device, the task is that in the preamble of the claim 5 defined type according to the invention by the features in the characterizing part of the Claim 5 solved. Such a molding device is simple and functionally reliable and inexpensive. It enables during the normal manufacturing process, e.g. the Shaping process a molded concrete part by shaking, at the same time the molding of the structure mentioned to form, for example, a riverbed-like flow bed. The core segment that is designed in this way and that effects this shape is inexpensive and functionally reliable and easy to assemble. It can be used in many ways for a wide variety of structures and design forms. Are the elevations and / or depressions relatively small in relation to their recess or protrusion dimension is sufficient for demolding the molded part a correspondingly small, inwardly directed stroke movement to set down the core segment from the shaped surface portion. It goes without saying that the depressions and / or increases in their dimensions within a triaxial The coordinate system can be very different and irregular. Then adjust the movement stroke of the core segment correspondingly larger.

Advantageous further developments of the subject matter according to claim 5 result from claims 6-10. Both for the one-piece design with the core segment of the shaping part as well as a design that is detached from it applies equally It is advantageous that this shaping part is designed in accordance with claims 11 or 12 can be. Other materials are also within the scope of the invention. Is beneficial e.g. a design of the structural part as a metal casting, e.g. made of aluminum, gray cast iron od. The like. This can according to claim 13 one-piece wall part of the core segment be or be held according to claim 14, which is both an indissoluble solid Bracket as well as a detachable and thus interchangeable bracket implied. Latter has the advantage that structural parts with different shapes on the core segment can be attached alternately.

Another advantageous design results from claim 15. Such a molding device has all the advantages of the aforementioned, with these Molding device also the production of very deep indentations or very strong protruding projections and even reaching right through the wall of the molded part Wall breakthroughs makes possible. Contain advantageous developments in this regard claims 16 and 17. The slide-like shaping cores can also outside be placed on the outer shell, which then has corresponding openings, in which these slide-like shaping cores are stored and guided and out and are movable forward.

The slide-like shaping cores can have ventilation holes or Contain openings that are controlled by suitable valves and when demolding prevent the formation of negative pressure by pulling out the forming cores.

Further details and advantages result from the following Description.

The full wording of the claims is foregoing only Avoidance of unnecessary repetitions are not reproduced, but only instead Reference is made to it by naming the claim number, whereby however all the claim features to have been disclosed as essential to the invention.

The invention is shown below with reference to in the drawings Embodiments explained in more detail. It show fig. 1 a schematic axial Longitudinal section of a molding device as part of a machine for molding concrete parts, according to a first embodiment, Fig. 2 is a schematic Top view of the molding device in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 each a schematic section and FIG. 4 shows part of a molding device according to a second or third exemplary embodiment.

The molding device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a component a machine not shown. It is used to shape molded parts 11, in particular made of concrete, which here are e.g. rotationally symmetrical, in another, embodiment not shown, however, not necessarily rotationally symmetrical but are designed differently, e.g. roughly elliptical or egg-shaped. at A corresponding modification can also be approximately U-shaped or channel-shaped in cross section oer form channel-shaped molded parts 11. For the sake of simplicity, the one shown is Exemplary embodiment, a concrete pipe is shown as a molded part 11.

The molding device 10 is fundamentally similar to that which is described in DE-PS 31 10 185, here to avoid unnecessary Repetitions are expressly referred to.

In a corresponding manner, the molding device 10 comprises a e.g. hat-shaped mold core 15, which is hollow inside and which is interchangeable on a Central vibrator not shown can be attached. The attachment happens in the area of a footplate 16. The mold core 15 is round, for example. He knows a circular lid 18 and an at least substantially cylindrical, according to Core wall 19 leading down to the base plate 16. Part of the molding device 10 also an outer, just like the mold core 15, exchangeable mold jacket 20, the here also has a cylindrical shape and an upper flange 21 and lower flange 22 has. The mold jacket 20 surrounds the mold core 15 at a radial distance and is aligned coaxially to this. The one between the mold shell 20 and the mold core 15th formed mold space 14 is closed at the bottom by a lower sleeve 24, which the Shaping the lower fold of the molded part 11 is used. The lower sleeve 24 closes the mold space 14 at the lower end tight. It can be used later to facilitate removal of the finished molded part 11 are engaged under. As can be seen, sits the mold core 15 fits exactly inside the lower sleeve 24, which in turn fits exactly into the interior of the mold shell 20 is inserted.

The molding device 10 also includes an upper sleeve 25, which the Farming of the upper fold of the molded part 11 is used and then shut down on the machine side and is pressed in when the mold space 14 has been filled with concrete, the through Switching on the central vibrator is compacted with simultaneous constant refilling of the concrete from above. The upper sleeve 25 can be rotated about the cylinder axis to prevent sticking to the concrete.

The molding device 10 enables such molded parts to be produced 11, which on the inner surface 26 at least in the area of a surface section 27, the one on the left in Fig. 1 and, for example, along a surface line section of the cylinder runs, have elevations 28 and depressions 29, which alternate with one another are distributed irregularly in the longitudinal direction and circumferential direction and are each irregular Have dimensions. The elevations 28 and depressions 29 form in the molded part 11 an irregular structure at the relevant point. They form something like a stream bed Flow bottom in the area of the surface section 27, which extends here over the entire length of the pipe extends. This riverbed-like flow bed will later be laid of the tubular molded part 11, the flow rate of water flowing through it and also the deposition of humus in the pipe and thus the settlement of Mosses, plants or the like. Enables.

For the shaping of this surface section 27 of the molded part 11 is the mold core 15 according to the teaching of DE-PS 31 10 185 with a core segment 30 provided, in relation to the remaining part of the mold core 15 for demolding from its shaping contour inwards and then back again.

The core segment 30 is made up of a cover section 31 and a wall section 32 formed. The cover section 31 closes on the remaining ones with as little gaps as possible Part of the lid 18 on which it rests. The remaining part of the cover 18 has for receiving the cover section 31 and the wall section located at the top 32 a substantially U-shaped cutout 33. The wall section 32 has the shape of a portion of the cylinder wall.

In side view, the cover section 31 and the wall section form 32 an angle.

A drive 35 engages the core segment 30, then a pneumatic drive, for example or in particular hydraulic working cylinder can exist. One part, e.g. the housing of the drive 35 is firmly attached to the mold core 15. The other part E.g. the piston rod 37 of the drive 35 'connected to the piston 36 engages the Core segment 30 for its translational movement in the direction of arrow 38. The core segment 30 forms an independent element with respect to the remaining part of the mold core 15. In relation to the latter, it is out of its shaping contour (FIG. 1) The release position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2 and can be moved back by means of the drive 35. The cover section 31 is on the remaining part of the cover 18 as an additional Guide for the core segment 30 out.

The core segment points towards the shaping of the riverbed-like flow bed of the molded part 11 on at least one surface section, here the wall section 32, depressions 39 and elevations 40, which alternate and thereby in Longitudinal and or transverse directions are distributed irregularly and with respect to their respective Dimensions irregular are. The depressions 39 and elevations 40 are made up of substantial surface irregularities on the outer surface of the wall section 32 of the core segment 30 is formed. The wall section 32 is in this configuration designed as a positive shape for shaping the riverbed-like flow bed. This In the first exemplary embodiment, wall section 32 forms one with the core segment 30 one-piece molding. This represents a structural part that is shown here Made of metal.

In another exemplary embodiment, not shown, this is Structural part made of wood or, for example, also made of plastic, for example polyester resin; educated. Also a design made of rubber, as in the case of the second exemplary embodiment will be explained in Fig. 3 is possible. This structural part can be used as a Cast part, e.g. as a metal cast part made of aluminum, gray cast iron or the like.

The mode of operation of the molding device 10 is already evident from the above Description became clear. Before the molded part 11 is removed from the mold the core segment 30 by means of the drive 35 in the direction of arrow 38 in FIGS. 1 and 2 moved to the right out of the shaping contour of the mold core 15 inwards, e.g. in the release position shown in dashed lines in FIG. In itself it is enough a slight displacement movement if only the elevations 28 on the molded part 11 become free for its demolding by relative movement without destruction.

In the second embodiment shown in Fig. 3 are for Parts that correspond to the first exemplary embodiment have reference numerals greater by 100 used, so that to avoid repetition of the first embodiment Is referred to.

In the second embodiment, the depressions 139 and Elevations 140 supporting structural part 141 an independent element that is based on the Wall portion 132 of the core segment 130 is attached. The core segment 130 has for this purpose, e.g. in the upper and lower area, an integrally formed flange part 142, 143, which protrude into the mold space 114 over the wall section 132 and the Overlap structural part 141 above and below in a non-shiftable manner.

On the outer peripheral surface, the flange parts 142, 143 are designed so that that the upper sleeve 125 and the lower sleeve 124 fit flush on it, as in the first embodiment above and below in the area of the wall section 32 the case is. The structural part 141 is made of rubber and is on the wall portion 132 vulcanized. In another embodiment, the structural part is made 141 made of plastic, e.g. 6. Polyester resin, and is adhered to the wall section 132 or otherwise attached to it. This design of the separate standalone Structural part 141 has the advantage that this can also be replaced if necessary can be.

In the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, one is missing Core segment, as was the case in the previous exemplary embodiments. Instead, the mold core 215 has parts that are part of the shaping contour of the mold core 215 and relative to the shaping contour by means of the drive 235 from the shaping position shown in FIG. 4 inwards and then again are movable back.

The mold core 215 differs from the previous exemplary embodiments a continuous cover 218 and a practically continuous cylinder jacket 244.

The parts described above are designed as slide-like shaping cores 245-248, which are stored and guided in openings 255-258 of the same shape which are contained in the cylinder jacket 244. The shaping cores 245 - 248 close flush with the openings 255 - 258 so that there is no concrete in between can get inside.

Even if in the third embodiment according to FIG. 4 as a whole 4 such shaping cores 245-248 and associated openings 255-258 are shown are, it goes without saying that within the scope of the invention, the arrangement only one such shaping core or even several such is located. The dimensions of the shaping cores 245 - 248 can be in all three axial directions of a spatial coordinate system considered to be different from one another. As is indicated by dashed lines at the forming core 247 in Fig. 4, this can e.g. Horizontal direction and measured in the direction of the outer mold shell 220, be dimensioned so large that this mold core 247 up to the inner shaping surface of the molded jacket 220 is sufficient. Then the molded part 211 to be molded becomes a complete one Wall opening 251 formed.

By means of the shaping cores 245 - 248, depressions of the same shape are created 265-268 formed in the molded part 211, these depressions 265-268 in the area of the surface section 227 and are arranged recessed from the inside. The projections 269 remaining between these depressions 265-268 have here an essential measure. They are roughly tooth-like, but basically the same elevations, like the elevations 29 in the first embodiment, of which they only relate to the dimensions and shape differ.

All of the shaping cores 245 - 248 are common to all of them Support 249 held, the inside of the mold core 215 in the direction of arrow 238 by means of a drive 235 from the illustrated closed position into the inwardly retracted position open position and can be moved back again.

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Claims (16)

Claims 1. A method for producing molded parts from concrete, ceramic masses or the like, in particular of at least essentially rotationally symmetrical Molded parts, in the case of which in a mold formed from the mold core and mold shell, which also is closed at the end, the mass introduced therein is compacted while being shaped and then the molded part by relative displacement with respect to the mold core and / or the mold jacket is removed from the mold, that is to say one on the inner surface of the molded part (11; 2111) at least in the area of a surface section (27; 227) elevations t283 269-272) and / or depressions (29; 265-268) and / or Wall openings (251) or the like. Recesses by means of correspondingly shaped counterparts forms on the mold core (15; 115; 215). 2. The method according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c hn e t, that the elevations (28; 269-272) and / or depressions (29; 265-268) and / or Wall openings (251) over the surface section t27; 227) and thereby in the longitudinal direction and / or circumferential direction of the molded part t11; 211) forms irregularly distributed. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the elevations (28; 269-272) and / or depressions (29; 265-268) and / or wall openings (251) are irregular in terms of their respective dimensions forms. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, d a d u r c h g e k e It is noted that one of the elevations (28; 269-272) and / or depressions (29; 265-268) and / or wall openings (251) existing creek bed-like flow bed forms. 5. Molding device for producing molded parts (11; 211) from concrete, ceramic masses or the like, in particular at least essentially rotationally symmetrical Molded parts, in particular for performing the method according to claim 1, with a from a mold core (15> 115) and an outer mold shell (20) formed, the end, e.g. by means of a lower socket (24; 124) and an upper socket (25; 125) can be completed, the mold core (15; 115; 215) having a core segment (30; 130), which in relation to the remaining part of the mold core for demolding out of its shaping contour inwards and then back again is that the core segment (30; 130) is at least on a surface section depressions (39; 139) and / or elevations (40, 140) has, by means of which corresponding at the corresponding point of the molded part (11) Elevations t28) and / or depressions (29) are malleable. 6. Molding device according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the depressions (39; 139) and / or elevations (40; 140) over the Surface section of the core segment (30> 130) and thereby in its longitudinal and / or Transverse direction are irregularly distributed. 7. Molding device according to claim 5 or 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i h n e t that the depressions (39; 139) and / or elevations (40; 140) of the core segment (30; 130) have irregular dimensions. 8. Molding device according to one of claims 5-7, d a -d u r c h it is not noted that the depressions (39; 139) and / or elevations (40; 140) of the core segment (30; 130) from substantial surface irregularities the core segment outer surface are formed. 9. Molding device according to one of claims 5-8, d a -d u r c h it is noted that the surface section (32; 141) with the depressions t39; 139) and / or elevations (40; 140) and the surface parts running in between of the core segment (30; 130) as a positive form for a riverbed-like flow bed are trained. 10. Molding device according to one of claims 5 - 9, d a -d u r c h it is noted that the surface section (32) with the depressions (39) and / or elevations (40) and the surface parts running in between the core segment (30) forms a one-piece shaping part (FIG. 1). 11. Molding device according to claim 10, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h e t that the shaping part consists of a structural part (141) made of metal, Plastic, rubber or the like. Is formed. 12. Molding device according to claim 11, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the structural part (141) as a cast part, in particular a metal cast part, is trained. 17. Molding device according to claim 15 or 16, d a d u r ch g e k e n n z e i n e t that the parts (245-248) on a common carrier (249) are held inside the mold core (215) by means of a translation drive (235) can be moved back and forth. 13. Molding device according to claim 11 or 12, d a d u r c h g e k It is noted that the structural part is a one-piece wall part of the core segment (30; 130) is. 14. Molding device according to claim 11 or 12, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e.t that the structural part (141) on a wall part (132) of the Core segment (130) is held. 15. Molding device for producing molded parts (211) from concrete, ceramic masses or the like, in particular at least essentially rotationally symmetrical Molded parts, in particular for performing the method according to claim 1, with a from a mold core (215) and an outer shell (220) formed, the be closed at the end e.g. by means of a lower sleeve and an upper sleeve can, wherein the mold core (215) has parts, the components of its shaping contour are and for demolding relative to this out of the molding position inside and afterwards can be moved back again, d a u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the mold core (215) in the area of the relatively movable parts (245-248) Has openings (255-258) in which the parts (245-248) are stored and at least are movable back and forth substantially in a sealed manner. 16. Molding device according to claim 15, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the parts as slide-like shaping cores (245-248) for shaping of recesses (265-268) and / or openings (251) or the like. Recesses in the Molded part (211) are formed.