DE29723204U1 - Valve with swiveling visor - Google Patents

Description

Saxlund GmbH 30 January 1998

10097b .·::::*: : :· ·

Valve with swivel visor

The invention relates to a controllable valve which is particularly suitable for installation in high-viscosity pumps, as well as a high-viscosity pump equipped therewith.

For the purpose of continuous combustion or other further processing of sewage sludge, pastes and the like, such thick materials often have to be temporarily stored and transported. In practice, these thick materials are always interspersed with foreign bodies of larger grains.

The outlet valves of pumps for conveying the aforementioned "thick materials" are usually implemented as built-in valves or "angle seat valves" (in the pipe cross-section). If larger foreign bodies reach the valve with the conveyed materials, they get stuck on it and the function of the pump and the entire system is disrupted.

This means that there are repeated interruptions in the flow and the destruction of parts of the valve, resulting in an increased need for spare parts. Due to the design of the valves mentioned, a pressure drop is always generated in the seat. This pressure drop is greater the more pasty (dewatered) the thick material becomes, i.e. with increasing dry matter content. An increase in the solids content therefore leads to an increased need for power/performance, which increases investment costs and operating costs. However, more highly dewatered sludge will be produced in increasing quantities in the future due to improved techniques in wastewater treatment and the need to reduce the volumes to be processed or deposited.

The invention is based on the task of proposing a controllable valve, the use of which can also convey and block highly dewatered thick materials with coarse-grained foreign bodies without causing pump downtimes or increased wear.

This object is achieved with a valve according to claim 1 or a thick matter pump with this valve according to claim 13.

Due to its design, the valve is able to release the full pipe cross-section of a delivery pipe when open and yet completely seal it when closed. This means that "foreign bodies" that get into the pump can be conveyed with and through the open valve without difficulty.

SaxlundGmbH JO. January 1998

If the pump is a piston pump for thick materials, the sealing surfaces of the valve are arranged as close as possible to the extended delivery piston of the pump (claim 13). This results in short line runs and compact pump/valve combinations. If the valve is installed with its swiveling sight immediately behind the front end position of the piston, also directly on the connecting flange to the pump housing, no foreign objects can become trapped between the end of the piston and the beginning of the valve.

&iacgr;&ogr; The curved visor pivots to open and close the opening, which can be fully opened but also tightly closed. The closing and opening time is very short thanks to a hydraulic drive and the proposed pivoting movement. If smaller sizes are to be achieved, an electric drive can take over the confirmation of the visor (claim 5). Also on both sides

On the axis, on opposite outer sides of the housing, one motor can be arranged, which work synchronously to avoid torsion of the shaft.

The visor and housing area can be cylindrical or spherical segment-shaped (claim 2). If the opening defines a 45° angle in the housing, relative to the axis of rotation of the visor, the movement of the visor is at least 45°, preferably greater than 90° (claim 3).

Although the conveying direction can also run at an angle, the inlet and outlet can be directly opposite each other in order to define a straight conveying axis and to obtain a structure that is simple in terms of construction and maintenance (claim 4). Simple replacement is possible by removing the visor from the housing in the axial direction of the rotary movement, preferably when the visor is made of a soft material as a wearing part, but with a long service life of the housing in the working area of the visor (claim 11).

If springs, in particular four rubber springs, are provided for attaching the visor to the control shaft (claim 6 or 7), then in addition to a high sealing force (closed state) on the seat, an automatic adjustment of this force can also be achieved. Highly abrasive (but inexpensive) materials for the visor, housing and possibly interior lining can be used in this way. Sharpened edges on the visor ensure safe adjustment during the swivel or rotation movement, even if blocking foreign objects are in the swivel path (claim 8).

Saxlund GmbH 30 January 1998

10097b ···:.··. .··.

The power transmission from a hydraulic cylinder or an electric drive can be carried out via one or two spaced shaft journals that are mounted in the valve housing (claim 5) and via two triangular plates flanged to the front (claim 9). A visor jacket width of more than 90° is recommended.

The invention is explained and supplemented below using several embodiments.

Figure 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the valve

β with inlet E and outlet A.

Figure 2 shows a visor screen 35 used according to the invention from above. Figure 3 illustrates the realization of the rotary movement of a shaft 24 with the aid of an articulated hydraulic cylinder 1 seen from above.

The example of the valve according to the invention has a housing 18 with inlet and outlet openings E, A for the thick material, which can correspond approximately or exactly to the cross-section of the pipes or other shaped conveying lines. These can therefore be circular or square or other shaped openings. The housing should have a circular cross-section at least partially inside in the direction of movement of the incoming thick material. This circular cross-section is realized at least in the area of the inlet opening E and an adjacent area that is at least as large. The wall of the housing in the areas mentioned can be cylindrical for this purpose, it can also be cylindrical overall. The wall of the housing 18 can be the inner wall or an inner lining 36, which serves to protect against wear and can be designed to be replaceable for this purpose.

Alternative embodiments are all those shapes that are rotationally symmetrical at least in the areas mentioned with respect to an axis 101 perpendicular to the mentioned direction of movement of the thick material (the conveying axis 100).

In the last-mentioned vertical axis 101 there is a shaft 24 to which a visor 35 is attached. The visor 35 has a curved surface (adapted to rotational symmetry) which is larger than the inlet opening E of the housing, so that it can completely cover it. The shape of the visor is adapted to the shape of the housing 18 or the inner lining 36, i.e. in the above-mentioned preferred cylindrical or partially cylindrical design of the housing it is also a cylinder segment, the axis 101 of which runs perpendicular to the axis 100 between the inlet E and the outlet A.

Saxlund GmbH . 30 January 1998

The shaft 24 can be rotated by an angle α (alpha) using suitable means, e.g. a suitably articulated hydraulic cylinder 1 or on one side or preferably on both sides with electric motor(s), which is designed so that the visor 35 is pivoted from the position covering the inlet opening E to such an extent that the inlet opening is completely exposed. This can be an angle of α = 90°, for example. The corresponding movement α can be seen in Figure 3 on a travel h of the cylinder 1.

&iacgr;&ogr; In the suction position of the pump, the movable visor of the valve seals against the areas of the housing 18 or the inner lining 36 surrounding the inlet opening E, which thus act as a seat. In the pressure position, this seat is released so that the full line cross-section is available after the swivel movement.

The housing is preferably designed so that in the pressure position the visor does not rest on the surface, but is guided. This reduces the amount of material incorporated into the visor surface. During the rotational movement in the direction of the "closed" position, a sharpened visor edge 35a, 35b cuts across the seat surface 18, 36. In doing so, it pushes any interfering solid objects to the side. During the counter-movement in the direction of the "open" position, the visor pivots into the thick material. No sealing surface is desired here, the visor is guided along the inner wall or the inner lining (not resting on the surface).

The necessary tightness for the suction process of the pump is achieved in a preferred design as follows: In the closed state, the visor completely covers the inlet opening E (shown in Figure 1); the edge areas of the visor that rest on the areas surrounding the inlet opening therefore act as seating surfaces. The contact pressure is preferably provided by a spring, for example with rubber springs or steel springs 17. Due to this flexibility, in the suction position, the full counterforce of the pipeline pressure is directed onto the convex visor surface, and the visor is thereby pressed onto the seat. The sludge flow would have to overcome its own pressure on the covered surface in order to endanger the valve function.

To gain further safety, the covered area in all areas around the inlet opening can be designed to be sufficiently large by means of a large outer surface of the visor.

Saxkjnd GmbH 30 January 1998

The advantage of this design is that the springs 15, 17 allow the sight to be adjusted automatically during operation. This means that less wear and tear and fewer interruptions to operation due to repair and replacement work can be expected.

Preferably, the material of the visor 35,35a,35b is softer than that of the valve seat. For example, a tempered C 45 steel ("soft") can be chosen for the visor, while the sealing surface and seat are burled ("hard").

The visor 35 and the part of the housing that forms the seat (e.g. the inner lining 36) are preferably designed as a wearing part, whereby suitable openings must be provided in the valve box in order to be able to dismantle and remove it easily.

The pump's functionality is not impaired by the cavities in the valve housing, which are larger than the pipe cross-section for the material being pumped. The cavities fill with sludge, but this does not affect the dynamic pumping process across the pipe cross-section.

In the design with hydraulic drive of the shaft 24, short closing times can be achieved. A lever 40 is used to convert the linear movement of the cylinder 1 (push-pull) into a rotary movement of the visor. If electric motors are used on both sides, shaft torsion can be avoided and the size can be reduced with improved control.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the valve according to the invention in cross section. The valve can be inserted into a pipe via the flanges 11 or flanged to the pump body and the pipeline. Inlet and outlet openings E ₁ A lie opposite one another on an axis 100 and are defined here by the diameter of the pipes 19 or the opening of the inner lining 36. The valve box 18 as a housing has a cylindrical structure, with the side walls essentially being formed by a pipe or a corresponding cast part. A blind flange 20 is attached to the front side in a sealing manner. The shaft journal 24 projects into the valve box and is articulated to the hydraulic cylinder 1 via a lever 40 which, according to Figure 1, consists of two parallel lever pieces.

Saxlund GmbH . 30 January 1998

Figure 1 also shows the visor screen 35 and its attachment to the shaft journals 24 and 25 fixed opposite one another in the front plates 21, 20, the latter being the axial continuation in the direction of the axis 101 of the mentioned shaft piece 24 in order to achieve an opposite pivot bearing 5, 6 outside the housing passage 12, 14.

The attachment of the screen 35 is realized by means of parallel triangular plates 26a and 26b and parallel flat irons 27, 28 arranged perpendicularly to them, which are connected to a spring system 15, 17, 31, 32. Springs 17 are arranged in spring sleeves 31, the springs 15 in sleeves 32.

The force is transmitted to the visor 35 via the spring sleeves 31,32 and the radially outermost flat iron plate 28, which is adapted to the curvature of the visor in its edge areas. A threaded bolt 33 with nut 34 serves as an assembly and disassembly aid. This also limits the stroke of the springs 15,17,31,32.

The screen 35 of the visor is designed to be relatively thick. A much thinner sheet 36 on the cylindrical walls covers the inlet E and works together with the visor 35 to form a seal. If the side ends 35a, 35b of the visor screen 35 are also designed to be wedge-shaped, this makes it easier to pivot into the thick material (when opening) and pivot (when closing) over the opening E, even if foreign objects are in the pivoting path of the visor.

In Figure 2, the visor screen 35 (the visor) is shown with the fastening system 17,27,28,31 in the shaft direction 24. The visor screen 35 is attached via the shaft journal 24 to the adjusting lever 40, which is rotated at an angle χ relative to the center axis 102 of the visor screen structure 35,17,27,28,31,32,15.

Figure 3 shows the movement of the shaft journal 24 through an angle α of 90° with the aid of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the aforementioned lever 40, which is attached to the cylinder by a joint 2 but is fixedly attached to the shaft journal 24.

Claims (15)

Saxlund GmbH .^O. January 1998 10097b .·: : : : Claims: 1. Controllable valve, in particular outlet valve for a thick matter pump for conveying highly viscous thick matter, with - a housing (18) provided with inlet and outlet openings (A ₁ E), which has a rotationally symmetrical inner wall or inner lining (36) at least in the region of the inlet opening (E) and an adjoining region of at least the same size; a rotatable shaft (24, 25); &iacgr;&ogr; - a curved visor (35) with a surface which can completely cover the surface of the inlet opening and is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the housing (18) or the inner lining (36) in order to seal against the edge of the inlet opening (E);
wherein the shaft (24,25) rotates the sight (35) by a predetermined angle (α) is rotatable so that the visor can completely clear the inlet opening (E). 2. Valve according to claim 1, wherein the housing (18) is based on a cylindrical shape and the visor (35) is a cylinder wall section. 3. Valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shaft (24, 25) with the visor (35) is rotatable through an angle (α) that is greater than or equal to 90°, and the inlet opening (E) in the housing (18) occupies a circumferential angle that is less than 45°. 4. Valve according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inlet and outlet openings (E ₁ A) are circular and/or opposite each other, the axis (101) of the rotatable shaft (24, 25) extending perpendicular to the conveying direction (100) between the inlet and the outlet. 5. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the visor (35) is fixedly arranged between two aligned shaft journals (24, 25) of the shaft and (a) the shaft (24,25) is rotatable by means of a hydraulic cylinder (1) hinged outside the housing (18); or (b) at least one shaft journal with an electric motor drive which is fixedly arranged outside the housing (18) and is coupled to the shaft journal, in particular via a reduction gear. Saxlund GmbH 30 January 1998 6. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the visor (35) seals against the corresponding seat on the housing (18,36) by means of springs (17), the springs (17) also transmit the torque for the rotary movement (α) from the shaft to the visor (35). 7. Valve according to claim 6, wherein the springs (17) are steel or rubber springs. 8. Valve according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the visor (35) has edges (35a, 35b) &iacgr;&ogr; which on the sides which, during rotation, move through the Push thick material, sharpened. 9. Valve according to one of the above-mentioned claims, in which the attachment of the curved visor (35) to a one- or two-part shaft (24, 25) is carried out in particular via two or more triangular plates (26a,26b) and/or the The cylinder section of the visor is approximately 90°. 10. Valve according to one of the above-mentioned claims, in which the visor (35) slides on or is guided by an inner lining (36) made of a thin, hard sheet metal, the size of which is adapted to the maximum visor movement, when the visor (35) is not closed, but in the closed state rests sealingly around the inlet opening (E). 11. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, in which the material of the visor (35) is soft compared to the material of the inner wall region of the housing (18) or the inner lining (36). 12. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, in which the housing (18) is significantly larger than the cross-section of a pipe guide in front of and behind the inlet or outlet (E ₁ A). 13. A thick matter pump with a delivery piston and a valve according to one of the mentioned claims, in which the curved visor (35) pivotable about an axis (101) is mounted near the extended delivery piston of the pump. Saxlund GmbH 30 January 1998 14. Thick matter pump according to claim 13, in which the curved ball or cylinder segment (35) is pivotable as a visor relative to a stationary but congruently designed housing surface (18, 36) with an opening (E) for opening and closing this opening in a controlled manner (1, 2). 15. Thick matter pump according to claim 13, in which the curved surface of the outwardly facing visor (35) in the open position does not rest against the housing (18) or a cover (36), but is guided in the closing movement to the closed position so that it cuts over the sealing seat in order to &iacgr;&ogr; to rest on the seal seat.