DE2938096A1 - Liquid cooled semiconductor device - uses electrical connections as resilient supports, also compensating for differential expansion due to heat - Google Patents
Liquid cooled semiconductor device - uses electrical connections as resilient supports, also compensating for differential expansion due to heatInfo
- Publication number
- DE2938096A1 DE2938096A1 DE19792938096 DE2938096A DE2938096A1 DE 2938096 A1 DE2938096 A1 DE 2938096A1 DE 19792938096 DE19792938096 DE 19792938096 DE 2938096 A DE2938096 A DE 2938096A DE 2938096 A1 DE2938096 A1 DE 2938096A1
- Authority
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- power semiconductor
- semiconductor component
- housing
- component according
- connecting lines
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/02—Containers; Seals
- H01L23/04—Containers; Seals characterised by the shape of the container or parts, e.g. caps, walls
- H01L23/041—Containers; Seals characterised by the shape of the container or parts, e.g. caps, walls the container being a hollow construction having no base used as a mounting for the semiconductor body
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- H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
- H01L23/427—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
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- H01L23/482—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of lead-in layers inseparably applied to the semiconductor body (electrodes)
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- H01L2224/45001—Core members of the connector
- H01L2224/45099—Material
- H01L2224/451—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
- H01L2224/45138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
- H01L2224/45139—Silver (Ag) as principal constituent
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- H01L2224/48463—Connecting portions the connecting portion on the bonding area of the semiconductor or solid-state body being a ball bond
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- H01L2224/491—Disposition
- H01L2224/4911—Disposition the connectors being bonded to at least one common bonding area, e.g. daisy chain
- H01L2224/49111—Disposition the connectors being bonded to at least one common bonding area, e.g. daisy chain the connectors connecting two common bonding areas, e.g. Litz or braid wires
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- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/00014—Technical content checked by a classifier the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
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Abstract
Description
Leistungshalbleiterbauelement Power semiconductor component
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Leistungshalbleiterbauelement mit einer zwei Hauptelektroden und gegebenenfalls eine oder mehrere Steuerelektroden aufweisenden Halbleiterscheibe, die in ein Gehäuse eingebaut ist.The invention relates to a power semiconductor component one two main electrodes and optionally one or more control electrodes having semiconductor wafer, which is built into a housing.
Es sind zahlreiche verschiedenartig aufgebaute, flüssigkeitsgekühlte, druckkontaktierte Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente in Scheibenzellenbauweise bekannt. Ein derartiges Halbleiterbauelement ist beispielsweise in der DE-OS 27 16 066 beschrieben.There are numerous differently structured, liquid-cooled, Pressure-contacted power semiconductor components in disk cell design are known. Such a semiconductor component is described in DE-OS 27 16 066, for example.
Druckkontaktierte Halbleiterbauelemente sind Schichtkörper, durch die elektrischer Strom fließt. Die fast ausschließlich in der Siliziumtablette entstehende Verlustleistung muß als wärmestrom nach außen abgeführt werden.Pressure-contacted semiconductor components are laminated bodies the electric current flows. Almost exclusively in the silicon tablet Power loss must be dissipated to the outside as heat flow.
Die Verlustleistung und der Wärmewiderstand sinken mit ansteigendem Druck.The power loss and the thermal resistance decrease with increasing Pressure.
Der erforderliche Druck beträgt etwa 1350 bis 1500 N/cm2, was Anpreßkräfte von 8000 N bis 60000 N je nach Fläche der Halbleiterscheibe zur Folge hat. Diese bei Halbleiterscheiben hoher Leistung notwendigen großen Kräfte bedingen entsprechend kräftig gebaute, teure Gehäuse und Anpreßvorrichtungen und haben nachteilige Auswirkungen auf die Kontaktschichten, die sich wegen unterschiedlicher Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten gegeneinander verschieben. Dies hat insbesondere bei hoher Stromlastspiel-Frequenz einen nachteiligen Einfluß auf die Lebensdauer der Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente.The required pressure is about 1350 to 1500 N / cm2, which means contact pressure of 8000 N to 60,000 N depending on the area of the semiconductor wafer. These In the case of high-performance semiconductor wafers, the necessary large forces are required accordingly heavily built, expensive housings and pressing devices and have detrimental effects on the contact layers, which are due to different coefficients of thermal expansion move against each other. This is particularly the case with a high current load cycle frequency a detrimental effect on the life of the power semiconductor components.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Leistungshalbleiterbauelement zu entwickeln, das auch für eine große Stromlastspiel-Frequenz ohne Lebensdauer-Verkürzung geeignet und zudem preiswert herstellbar ist.The invention is based on the object of a power semiconductor component to develop that also for a large current load cycle frequency without shortening the service life is suitable and also inexpensive to manufacture.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Hauptelektroden und gegebenenfalls die Steuerelektrode(n) der Halbleiterscheibe mit ausschließlich zur Stromführung dienenden, die Gehäuseaußenwandungen durchstoßenden elektrischen Multikontakten verbunden sind, daß die Halbleiterscheibe mechanisch und thermisch weitestgehend entlastet angeordnet ist und daß das Gehäuseinnere von einem Kühlmedium durchströmbar ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the main electrodes and optionally the control electrode (s) of the semiconductor wafer with only serving to conduct current, the outer walls of the housing piercing electrical Multi-contacts are connected that the semiconductor wafer mechanically and thermally is arranged largely relieved and that the interior of the housing of a cooling medium is permeable.
Die mit der Erfindung verbundenen Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß keine mechanischen Anpreßvorrichtungen notwendig sind, die das herkömmliche Druckkontaktsystem innerhalb tolerierter Grenzen zusammenpressen. Aus dem gleichen Grund kann das Gehäuse des Leistungshalbleiterbauelementes leichter und damit preiswerter ausgeführt sein.The advantages associated with the invention are in particular: that no mechanical pressing devices are necessary, the conventional Compress the pressure contact system within tolerated limits. For the same The reason can be the housing of the power semiconductor component lighter and thus cheaper be executed.
Es sind ferner keine aufwendigen Bearbeitungs- und Beschichtungsschritte mit Edelmetallüberzügen der einzelnen Schichtkörper zur Einhaltung eng tolerierter Oberflächenbeschaffen- heiten notwendig, die bei herkömmlichen Druckkontaktsystemen wegen der großen Anpreß- und Reibungskräfte erforderlich sind.Furthermore, there are no complex processing and coating steps with precious metal coatings of the individual layers to maintain tight tolerances Surface texture necessary that are necessary with conventional pressure contact systems because of the large contact pressure and friction forces are required.
Ein Vorteil der fast völligen mechanischen Entlastung des aktiven Halbleiter kristalls ist die Erhöhung der Lebensdauer bei häufig wechselnden Temperaturänderungen, d.h. Stromlastspielen.An advantage of the almost complete mechanical relief of the active Semiconductor crystal is the increase of the service life with frequently changing temperature changes, i.e. current load games.
Desweiteren sind Vergrößerungen der Tablettendurchmesser, die bei druckkontaktierten Bauelementen mit quadratisch mit dem Durchmesser wachsenden Anpreßkräften und erhöhtem Aufwand der Anpreßeinrichtungen erkauft werden müssen, leicht beherrschbar.Furthermore, enlargements of the tablet diameter, which at Pressure-contacted components with squarely increasing contact forces with the diameter and increased effort of the pressing devices must be bought, easily controllable.
Eine beispielsweise in der Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom-Übertragungstechnik übliche Reihenschaltung einzelner Ventile ist unproblematisch, da nur der Kühlkreislauf aus einem Ventil in das nächste Ventil eintritt.For example, in high-voltage direct current transmission technology The usual series connection of individual valves is not a problem, since only the cooling circuit enters the next valve from one valve.
Die Strombelastbarkeit kann ferner mit wachsender Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Kühlmediums vorteilhaft stärker erhöht werden, als bei der herkömmlichen Druckko-ntaktbauweise mit vielen zwischengeschalteten Wärmewiderständen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist der Kühleffekt bei Ausnutzung der Siedekühlung.The current carrying capacity can also be increased with increasing flow velocity of the cooling medium can advantageously be increased more than with the conventional pressure contact design with many interposed thermal resistances. The is particularly advantageous Cooling effect when using evaporative cooling.
Weitere Vorteile sind aus der Beschreibung und den Unteransprüchen ersichtlich.Further advantages can be found in the description and the subclaims evident.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown below with reference to the drawings explained.
Es zeigen: Fig. 1 das Leistungshalbleiterbauelement mit einer in Kühlflüssigkeit "schwebenden" Halbleiterscheibe; Fig. 2 Ausführungsvarianten des Leistungshalbleiterbis 4 bauelementes.The figures show: FIG. 1 the power semiconductor component with a cooling liquid "floating" semiconductor wafer; 2 design variants of the power semiconductor 4 component.
In Fig. 1 ist das erfindungsgemäße Leistungshalbleiterbauelement mit einer in Kühlflüssigkeit "schwebenden" Halbleiterscheibe dargestellt. Eine Halbleiterscheibe 1, beispielsweise eine Siliziumtablette, ist auf ihrer einen eine Hauptelektrode bildenden Oberfläche mit einer ringförmigen Metallschicht 2 bedeckt. In der Mitte dieser Oberfläche ist eine kreisförmige Metallschicht 3 für die Steuerelektrode des Leistungshalbleiterbauelementes angeordnet. Auf der eine weitere Hauptelektrode bildenden Unterseite der Halbleiterscheibe 1 befindet sich eine weitere kreisförmige Metallschicht 4. Die Metallschichten 2 und 4 können evt.In Fig. 1, the power semiconductor component according to the invention is with a semiconductor wafer "floating" in cooling liquid. A semiconductor wafer 1, for example a silicon tablet, has a main electrode on one of it forming surface covered with an annular metal layer 2. In the middle this surface is a circular metal layer 3 for the control electrode of the power semiconductor component arranged. On top of another main electrode forming the underside of the semiconductor wafer 1 is another circular Metal layer 4. The metal layers 2 and 4 can possibly.
mit Kühlrippen versehen sein und dienen zur Befestigung von stromführenden Teilen und zur Stromquerleitung.be provided with cooling fins and are used to attach current-carrying Divide and to the power cross line.
Die umlaufende Kante der Halbleiterscheibe 1 ist, wie allgemein üblich, spitzwinklig abgeschrägt, um einer elektrischen Feldstärkeerhöhung an den Randflächen der Scheibe entgegen zu wirken. Die abgeschrägten Kanten der Halbleiterscheibe 1 können mit einer Passivierungsschicht 5 überzogen sein.The circumferential edge of the semiconductor wafer 1 is, as is common practice, beveled at an acute angle in order to increase the electric field strength at the edge surfaces to counteract the disc. The beveled edges of the semiconductor wafer 1 can be coated with a passivation layer 5.
Die oben beschriebene Halbleiterscheibe 1 ist in ein Gehäuse eingebaut. Dieses Gehäuse weist eine scheibenförmige Bodenplatte 6, eine tellerförmige Deckplatte 7 sowie einen zwischen diesen Platten angeordneten Keramikring 8 auf. Zwischen Deckplatte 7 und Keramikring 8 können ein Metallring 9 sowie zwischen Bodenplatte 6 und Keramikring 8 ein Metallring 10 eingeschoben sein.The semiconductor wafer 1 described above is built into a housing. This housing has a disk-shaped base plate 6, a plate-shaped cover plate 7 and a ceramic ring 8 arranged between these plates. Between the cover plate 7 and ceramic ring 8 can be a metal ring 9 and between the base plate 6 and ceramic ring 8 a metal ring 10 can be inserted.
Die Steuerelektrode des Halbleiterbauelementes ist mittels einer hohlzylinderförmigen Keramikdurchführung 11 isolierend durch die Mitte der Deckplatte 7 geführt. Die Deckplatte 7 weist desweiteren Bohrungen für Kühlanschlüsse 12 und 13 auf. Diese mit dem Inneren des Gehäuses in Verbindung stehenden Kühlanschlüsse 12 und 13 weisen nach außen gerichtete Stutzen zum Aufschieben von Kühlschläuchen auf.The control electrode of the semiconductor component is by means of a hollow cylindrical Ceramic bushing 11 passed through the center of the cover plate 7 in an insulating manner. the Cover plate 7 also has bores for cooling connections 12 and 13. These have cooling connections 12 and 13 communicating with the interior of the housing outwardly directed nozzles for sliding cooling hoses on.
Die Deckplatte 7 bzw. die Bodenplatte 6 besitzen ferner an ihren Randzonen jeweils eine Bohrung 14 bzw. 15 zur Aufnahme von externen Stromanschlüssen.The cover plate 7 and the base plate 6 also have their edge zones a hole 14 or 15 for receiving external power connections.
Die elektrische Verbindung zwischen der Halbleiterscheibe 1 und den äußeren Kontakten des Gehäuses erfolgt über Verbindungsleitungen 16, 17 und 18. Die Verbindungsleitungen 16 und 17 sind entweder stoffschlüssig (Lötverbindung) oder lediglich kontaktierend (evt. federnd) mit den Metallschichten 2 und 4 sowie mit den Platten 7 und 6 verbunden.The electrical connection between the semiconductor wafer 1 and the External contacts of the housing are made via connecting lines 16, 17 and 18. The connecting lines 16 and 17 are either cohesive (soldered connection) or merely contacting (possibly resilient) with the metal layers 2 and 4 as well connected to the plates 7 and 6.
Die Verbindungsleitungen 16, 17 und 18 können Dehnungsbögen zur Kompensation von thermischen Längenänderungen aufweisen.The connecting lines 16, 17 and 18 can have expansion arcs for compensation of thermal changes in length.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 sind die Verbindungsleitungen 16 beispielsweise kontaktierend mit der Metallschicht 2 und stoffschlüssig über Lötverschlüsse 19 mit der Deckplatte 7 verbunden. Die Verbindungsleitungen 17 sind mittels Ausnehmungen 20 an der Bodenplatte 6 fixiert und stützen sich kontaktierend an die Metallschicht 4. Die Verbindungsleitung 18 schließlich stellt die Steuerelektrode des Halbleiterelements dar und ist stoffschlüssig oder auch lediglich kontaktierend mit der Metallschicht 3 verbunden.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the connecting lines are 16, for example, in contact with the metal layer 2 and cohesively over Solder closures 19 are connected to the cover plate 7. The connecting lines 17 are fixed by means of recesses 20 on the base plate 6 and are supported in a contacting manner to the metal layer 4. Finally, the connecting line 18 represents the control electrode of the semiconductor element and is cohesive or merely contacting connected to the metal layer 3.
Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Art der elektrischen Verbindung zwischen Halbleiterscheibe 1 und den äußeren Kontakten des Gehäuses ist lediglich beispielhaft. Es sind zahlreiche weitere Varianten möglich. Eine erste Variante ist in Fig.The type of electrical connection shown in Fig. 1 between Semiconductor wafer 1 and the outer contacts of the Housing is only exemplary. Numerous other variants are possible. A first variant is in Fig.
2 dargestellt. Hier sind Spiralfedern 21 federnd zwischen Metallschicht 2 und Deckplatte 7 angebracht. Die Deckplatte 7 weist zur Fixierung der Spiralfedern 21 Ausnehmungen 22 auf. Die Verbindung zwischen Metalschicht 4 und Bodenplatte 6 erfolgt analog (nicht dargestellt). Anstelle der in Fig. 2 dargestellten, lediglich zwei Hauptelektroden aufweisenden Halbleiterscheibe 1 ist selbstverständlich auch eine Halbleiterscheibe mit zusätzlicher Steuerelektrode einsetzbar. Anstelle der Spiralfedern 21 können auch Teleskopfedern verwendet werden.2 shown. Here spiral springs 21 are resilient between the metal layer 2 and cover plate 7 attached. The cover plate 7 has to fix the spiral springs 21 recesses 22 on. The connection between the metal layer 4 and the base plate 6 takes place analogously (not shown). Instead of the one shown in FIG. 2, only Two main electrodes having semiconductor wafer 1 is of course also a semiconductor wafer with an additional control electrode can be used. Instead of Coil springs 21 can also be used with telescopic springs.
In Fig. 3 ist eine weitere Variante des Leistungshalbleiterbauelementes dargestellt. Die elektrischen Verbindungen zwischen den Metallschichten 2 bzw. 4 der Halbleiterscheibe 1 und den äußeren Kontakten des Gehäuses erfolgen hier über Hauptelektrodenanschlüsse 23 bzw. 24, die das Gehäuse seitlich am Keramikring 8 durchstoßen. Die Metallschichten 2 bzw. 4 können keilförmigen Querschnitt zur Verminderung von Stromverdrängungseinflüssen aufweisen, d.h. die Stärke der Metallschichten 2 bzw. 4 ist am Anschlußort der Hauptelektrodenanschlüsse 23 bzw. 24 dünn und wächst mit zunehmender Entfernung vom Anschlußpunkt.In Fig. 3 is a further variant of the power semiconductor component shown. The electrical connections between the metal layers 2 and 4, respectively the semiconductor wafer 1 and the outer contacts of the housing take place here via Main electrode connections 23 and 24, which form the housing on the side of the ceramic ring 8 pierce. The metal layers 2 and 4 can have a wedge-shaped cross section for reduction of current displacement influences, i.e. the thickness of the metal layers 2 and 4 is thin and growing at the connection location of the main electrode terminals 23 and 24, respectively with increasing distance from the connection point.
Eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des Leistungshalbleiterbauelementes ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Die Metallschicht 2 ist dabei mit einer Vielzahl von Drähten 25 über Lötpunkte 26 verbunden. Diese feinen, beispielsweise aus Silber bestehenden Drähte sind in der Mitte der Deckplatte 7 verdrillt, durchstoßen gemeinsam eine in der Mitte der Deckplatte 7 angebrachte, isolierende, hohlzylinderförmige Keramikdurchführung 27 und bilden außerhalb des Gehäuses eine Anschlußlitze 28, die über eine ringförmige Anschlußklemme 29 zum Stromanschluß dient.Another variant of the power semiconductor component is shown in FIG. The metal layer 2 is with a variety of Wires 25 connected via solder points 26. These fine ones, for example made of silver existing wires are twisted in the middle of the cover plate 7, pierce together one in the middle of the cover plate 7 attached, insulating, hollow cylindrical Ceramic bushing 27 and form a pigtail 28 outside the housing, which is used via an annular connecting terminal 29 for power connection.
All diesen verschiedenen Ausführungsvarianten ist gemeinsam, daß die in der Halbleiterscheibe 1 entstehende Verlustleistung direkt und ohne Zwischenschaltung von weiteren Wärmewiderständen abgeführt wird. Bei einer herkömmlichen, druckkontaktierten Scheiben zelle mit äußerem Kühler setzt sich der Wärmewiderstand zwischen Sperrschicht der Halbleiterscheibe 1 und Kühlmittel R aus einem Wärmewiderstand zwischen Sperrschicht und Gehäuse RthJC, einem Wärmewiderstand zwischen Gehäuse und Kühler R thCK und einem von der Kontaktfläche AK des Kühlers mit dem Kühlmittel und der geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Wärmeübergangszahl (v) abhängigen Wärmewiderstand 1/α(v) . AK) zusammen, also RthJA = RthJK + RthCK + 1/(α(v) . AK).All these different design variants have in common that the power loss occurring in the semiconductor wafer 1 directly and without interconnection is dissipated by further thermal resistances. With a conventional, pressure-contacted Disk cell with an external cooler, the thermal resistance is set between the barrier layer the semiconductor wafer 1 and coolant R from a thermal resistance between the barrier layer and housing RthJC, a thermal resistance between housing and cooler R thCK and one of the contact area AK of the cooler with the coolant and the speed-dependent one Heat transfer coefficient (v) dependent heat resistance 1 / α (v). AK) together, so RthJA = RthJK + RthCK + 1 / (α (v). AK).
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Leistungshalbleiterbauelement entfallen die Wärmewiderstände RthJC und RthCK RthJC und es verbleibt lediglich ein Wärmewiderstand RthJA = 1 /(α(v) .Asi), der lediglich von der Siliziumtablettenfläche Asi (beide Seiten + Anschlußleitungen + ggf. zusätzliche Kühlrippen) und der geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Wärmeübergangszahl # (v) abhängig ist.In the case of the power semiconductor component according to the invention, the Thermal resistances RthJC and RthCK RthJC and only a thermal resistance remains RthJA = 1 / (α (v) .Asi), which only comes from the silicon tablet surface Asi (both sides + connecting lines + possibly additional cooling fins) and the speed-dependent Heat transfer coefficient # (v) is dependent.
Als Kühlmedium sind sowohl Flüssigkeiten als auch Gase einsetzbar. Das Kühlmedium muß isolierend sein. Als Kühlflüssigkeit können entsalztes Wasser, Öl oder inerte Flüssigkeiten mit möglichst hohem Siedepunkt (100 - 200°C) Verwendung finden. Bei Ausnutzung der Siedekühlung, d.h. der Verdampfungswärme bei Aggregatszustandsänderung des Kühlmediums vom flüssigen in den gasförmigen Zustand, tritt ein vorteilhafter Kühleffekt auf.Both liquids and gases can be used as the cooling medium. The cooling medium must be insulating. Desalinated water, Oil or inert liquids with the highest possible boiling point (100 - 200 ° C) are used Find. When using evaporative cooling, i.e. the heat of evaporation when the state of aggregation changes of the cooling medium from the liquid to the gaseous state, occurs an advantageous Cooling effect on.
Als gasförmige Isolierstoffe sind beispielsweise gereinigter Stickstoff und SF6 einsatzfähig, wobei bei gasförmigen Isolierstoffen jedoch die geringere Wärmekapazität bzw. das geringere Wärmeabführvermögen zu beachten sind. Zur Kompensation kann die Geschwindigkeit des strömenden Kühlmediums erhöht werden.Purified nitrogen is an example of the gaseous insulating material and SF6 can be used, but the lower one for gaseous insulating materials Heat capacity or the lower heat dissipation capacity must be taken into account. For compensation the speed of the flowing coolant can be increased.
Zur Aufbringung der Passivierungsschicht 5 wird bei Gaskühlung vorzugsweise eine Lackpassivierung vorgenommen, während bei Flüssigkeitskühlung eine Glaspassivierung oder ein Silikonharz Anwendung findet.To apply the passivation layer 5, gas cooling is preferred a lacquer passivation is carried out, while a glass passivation is carried out in the case of liquid cooling or a silicone resin is used.
Als Gehäuse für das erfindungsgemäße Leistungshalbleiterbauelement können sowohl Scheiben zellen als auch Flachbodenzellen oder andere allgemein bekannte Gehäuseausführungen Verwendung finden. Im Gehäuseinneren können zur optimalen Führung des Kühlmediumstromes hier nicht dargestellte Leitbleche, Strömungskanäle oder ähnliches eingebaut werfen.As a housing for the power semiconductor component according to the invention Both disc cells and flat-bottom cells or other well-known cells can be used Find housing designs use. Inside the housing can be used for optimal guidance of the cooling medium flow, not shown here, baffles, flow channels or the like Throw built-in.
Zur Abdichtung (insbesondere bei hohem Druck des Küh#mediums) werden zweckmäßigerweise hier nicht dargestellte Dichtringe an den Verbindungsstellen der einzelnen Gehäusebauteile vorgesehen.For sealing (especially when the cooling medium is under high pressure) expediently here not shown sealing rings at the connection points of individual housing components provided.
Als Vorteil zwischen herkömmlichen, druckkontaktierten Gehäuseausführungen und der für den Anmeldungsgegenstand erforderlichen Gehäuseausführungen ist zu nennen, daß das Gehäuse des Erfindungsgegenstandes wesentlich leichter auszubilden ist, d.h. Bodenplatte, Deckplatte, Keramikring usw.As an advantage between conventional, pressure-contacted housing designs and the housing designs required for the subject of the registration are to be named, that the housing of the subject invention is much easier to design, i.e. base plate, cover plate, ceramic ring, etc.
können mit geringerer Festigkeit dimensioniert werden, da sie nur für den Druck des Kühlmediums auszulegen sind und nicht mit den hohen Anpreßkräften der Druckkontaktierunq belastet werden.can be dimensioned with lower strength as they only are to be designed for the pressure of the cooling medium and not with the high contact forces the Druckkontaktierunq are burdened.
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Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19792938096 DE2938096A1 (en) | 1979-09-20 | 1979-09-20 | Liquid cooled semiconductor device - uses electrical connections as resilient supports, also compensating for differential expansion due to heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19792938096 DE2938096A1 (en) | 1979-09-20 | 1979-09-20 | Liquid cooled semiconductor device - uses electrical connections as resilient supports, also compensating for differential expansion due to heat |
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DE2938096A1 true DE2938096A1 (en) | 1981-04-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE19792938096 Withdrawn DE2938096A1 (en) | 1979-09-20 | 1979-09-20 | Liquid cooled semiconductor device - uses electrical connections as resilient supports, also compensating for differential expansion due to heat |
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DE (1) | DE2938096A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0075200A2 (en) * | 1981-09-19 | 1983-03-30 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Power semiconductor component for evaporation cooling |
EP0152972A2 (en) * | 1984-01-28 | 1985-08-28 | Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH | Contact system for 2-pole electronic chips, in particular for semi-conductor chips |
FR2668302A1 (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-04-24 | Nec Corp | HOUSING COMPRISING ONE OR MORE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE HOUSING. |
EP0491389A1 (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1992-06-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Semiconductor power component |
US5132777A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1992-07-21 | Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. | Cooled high-power semiconductor device |
DE4217289A1 (en) * | 1992-05-25 | 1993-12-16 | Mannesmann Ag | Fluid-cooled power transistor device, e.g. IGBT, MOSFET or BIMOS for controlling machine |
US5306866A (en) * | 1991-06-06 | 1994-04-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Module for electronic package |
US7433188B2 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2008-10-07 | Formfactor, Inc. | Electronic package with direct cooling of active electronic components |
US7579847B2 (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2009-08-25 | Formfactor, Inc. | Probe card cooling assembly with direct cooling of active electronic components |
DE102014203660A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrode arrangement for a cooling device of a high voltage direct current transmission system |
FR3103317A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | Safran | Power module |
EP4492455A1 (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2025-01-15 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Thermal management systems for rectifier assemblies |
-
1979
- 1979-09-20 DE DE19792938096 patent/DE2938096A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0075200A2 (en) * | 1981-09-19 | 1983-03-30 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Power semiconductor component for evaporation cooling |
EP0075200A3 (en) * | 1981-09-19 | 1985-04-03 | Bbc Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Power semiconductor component for evaporation cooling |
EP0152972A2 (en) * | 1984-01-28 | 1985-08-28 | Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH | Contact system for 2-pole electronic chips, in particular for semi-conductor chips |
EP0152972A3 (en) * | 1984-01-28 | 1987-01-21 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh | Contact system for 2-pole electronic chips, in particular for semi-conductor chips |
US5132777A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1992-07-21 | Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. | Cooled high-power semiconductor device |
FR2668302A1 (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-04-24 | Nec Corp | HOUSING COMPRISING ONE OR MORE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE HOUSING. |
EP0491389A1 (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1992-06-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Semiconductor power component |
US5306866A (en) * | 1991-06-06 | 1994-04-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Module for electronic package |
DE4217289A1 (en) * | 1992-05-25 | 1993-12-16 | Mannesmann Ag | Fluid-cooled power transistor device, e.g. IGBT, MOSFET or BIMOS for controlling machine |
US7433188B2 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2008-10-07 | Formfactor, Inc. | Electronic package with direct cooling of active electronic components |
US7579847B2 (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2009-08-25 | Formfactor, Inc. | Probe card cooling assembly with direct cooling of active electronic components |
US7768777B2 (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2010-08-03 | Formfactor, Inc. | Electronic package with direct cooling of active electronic components |
US7863915B2 (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2011-01-04 | Formfactor, Inc. | Probe card cooling assembly with direct cooling of active electronic components |
DE102014203660A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrode arrangement for a cooling device of a high voltage direct current transmission system |
FR3103317A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | Safran | Power module |
EP4492455A1 (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2025-01-15 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Thermal management systems for rectifier assemblies |
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