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DE2915285C2 - Heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
DE2915285C2
DE2915285C2 DE2915285A DE2915285A DE2915285C2 DE 2915285 C2 DE2915285 C2 DE 2915285C2 DE 2915285 A DE2915285 A DE 2915285A DE 2915285 A DE2915285 A DE 2915285A DE 2915285 C2 DE2915285 C2 DE 2915285C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
heating element
piston
heating device
piston crown
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE2915285A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2915285A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Dr.-Ing. 8000 München Hagen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG filed Critical MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority to DE2915285A priority Critical patent/DE2915285C2/en
Publication of DE2915285A1 publication Critical patent/DE2915285A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2915285C2 publication Critical patent/DE2915285C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0654—Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0675—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being substantially spherical, hemispherical, ellipsoid or parabolic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0603—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
    • F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Heizvorrichtung für den Kolbenboden einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Merkmalen der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art.The invention relates to a heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine with features of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Heizvorrichtung ist aus der DE-PS 9 76 295 bekannt. Dabei ist in den Kolbenboden zumindest teilweise ein die Verdampfung des Kraftstoffes förderndes Heizelement mit eingegossen. Der weitaus größere Teil des Heizelementes ragt jedoch in den etwa kugligen Brennraum hinein. Letzteres erweist sich jedoch insofern als nachteilig, daß das Heizelement einer hohen Beanspruchung durch das Luft-Brennstoff- Gemisch ausgesetzt ist und damit einem schnellen Verschleiß unterliegt. Ähnlich nachteilige Verhältnisse sind auch bei der Heizelementeanordnung im Brennraum eines Kolbens nach der DE-PS 7 02 346 gegeben.Such a heating device is known from DE-PS 9 76 295. A heating element that promotes the evaporation of the fuel is cast at least partially into the piston crown. The far greater part of the heating element, however, projects into the roughly spherical combustion chamber. The latter proves to be disadvantageous in that the heating element is exposed to high stress from the air-fuel mixture and is therefore subject to rapid wear. Similar disadvantageous conditions also exist in the heating element arrangement in the combustion chamber of a piston according to DE-PS 7 02 346.

Bei einer anderen aus der DE-AS 11 35 704 bekannten Brennkraftmaschine sind elektrisch beheizte Heizelemente im Zylinderkopf, den Einspritzkanal beaufschlagend, angebracht. Diese Heizelemente sind von außen zugänglich, deshalb jederzeit ohne großen Aufwand austauschbar. Solch günstige Verhältnisse sind an einen Kolben regelmäßig nicht gegeben.In another internal combustion engine known from DE-AS 11 35 704, electrically heated heating elements are installed in the cylinder head, acting on the injection channel. These heating elements are accessible from the outside and can therefore be replaced at any time without great effort. Such favorable conditions are not usually present on a piston.

Zu erwähnen ist noch eine aus der DE-AS 10 23 632 bekannte Anlaßvorrichtung mit einer im Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine befestigten Stabelektrode, die für eine Reibkontaktzündung mit einer am Kolben befestigten, in dessen Brennraum hineinragenden Elektrode in Kontakt kommt.Also worth mentioning is a starting device known from DE-AS 10 23 632 with a rod electrode fastened in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, which comes into contact with an electrode fastened to the piston and protruding into its combustion chamber for friction contact ignition.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Heizvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art deren Heizelemente wartungsfrei, wenig verschleißanfällig und von großer Lebensdauer im Kolben einer Brennkraftmaschine anzuordnen.In contrast, the invention is based on the object of arranging the heating elements of a heating device of the type mentioned at the outset in the piston of an internal combustion engine in a maintenance-free manner, with little susceptibility to wear and with a long service life.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, während die Ansprüche 2 bis 6 weitere Verbesserungen bzw. Vereinfachungen angeben.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1, while claims 2 to 6 specify further improvements or simplifications.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert:The invention is explained with reference to the drawing with an embodiment:

Im Boden des Kolbens 1 der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein etwa kugeliger Brennraum 2 ausgebildet, in den der Kraftstoffstrahl 3 eingespritzt wird. Im nahen Bereich der Auftreffstelle dieses Strahls am Brennraumboden ist in dessen Wand ein elektrisches Heizelement 4 eingebettet. Dessen beide Anschlußleitungen 5 und 5&min; sind zu Kontaktstellen 6 bzw. 6&min; geführt, die an der Kolbeninnenseite hintereinander, also in verschiedenen Ebenen liegend, isoliert angeordnet sind. An diesen Kontaktstellen liegt je eine ortsfeste federnde Kontaktfahne 7 bzw. 7&min; an. Diese Kontaktfahnen sind mit einer nicht eigens gezeichneten ortsfesten elektrischen Heizquelle verbunden und ragen so in den Kolbeninnenraum, daß sie die Kolbenhubbewegung nicht stören. Über Nocken 8können die Kontaktfahnen von den Kontaktstücken abgehoben werden.A roughly spherical combustion chamber 2 is formed in the base of the piston 1 of the internal combustion engine, into which the fuel jet 3 is injected. In the vicinity of the point where this jet hits the combustion chamber base, an electric heating element 4 is embedded in the wall. Its two connecting lines 5 and 5' are led to contact points 6 and 6' , respectively, which are arranged one behind the other on the inside of the piston, i.e. lying on different levels, insulated. A stationary, springy contact lug 7 and 7' respectively is located at each of these contact points. These contact lugs are connected to a stationary electrical heat source (not shown separately) and protrude into the interior of the piston in such a way that they do not interfere with the piston stroke movement. The contact lugs can be lifted off the contact pieces via cams 8 .

Im ausgezogen gezeichneten eingeschalteten Betriebszustand gleiten die Kontaktstellen 6 und 6&min; der Kolben über deren ganzen Hub hinweg an den Kontaktfahnen 7 und 7&min; stromabschließend vorbei, so daß das Heizelement 4 den Auftreffbereich des Kraftstoffstrahls 3 an der Wand des Brennraums während der erforderlichen Zeit beheizt; dies kann im Stillstand zum Vorheizen des Kaltstarts und während des Motorlaufs zum Erwärmen bei niedriger Teillast geschehen. Damit werden alle Zündschwierigkeiten behoben.In the switched-on operating state shown in solid lines, the contact points 6 and 6' of the pistons slide past the contact lugs 7 and 7' over their entire stroke, closing off the current, so that the heating element 4 heats the area where the fuel jet 3 hits the wall of the combustion chamber for the required time; this can be done when the engine is at a standstill to preheat for a cold start and when the engine is running to warm it up at low partial load. This eliminates all ignition problems.

Bei ausreichend warmem Motor werden die Kontaktfahnen 7 und 7&min; durch Drehung des Nockens 8 von den Kontaktstellen 6 bzw. 6&min; abgehoben. Zur Automatisierung dieses Abhebvorgangs können Temperaturmeßstellen im Kolbenboden, insbesondere im Brennraum angebracht sein.When the engine is sufficiently warm, the contact lugs 7 and 7' are lifted off the contact points 6 and 6' respectively by rotating the cam 8. To automate this lifting process, temperature measuring points can be installed in the piston crown, particularly in the combustion chamber.

Zur einfachsten Verwirklichung des automatischen Andrückens und Anhebens der Kontaktfahnen 7 und 7&min; sind diese als Bimetallstreifen ausgebildet, die sich bei ausreichend hoher Temperatur im Kolbeninnenraum von selbst von den Kontaktstellen 6 bzw. 6&min; abheben; Nocken 8 sind dabei überflüssig.In order to easily implement the automatic pressing and lifting of the contact lugs 7 and 7', these are designed as bimetallic strips which, when the temperature in the piston interior is sufficiently high, automatically lift off the contact points 6 and 6'; cams 8 are therefore superfluous.

Zur Vereinfachung kann ferner das Heizelement 4 nur eine einzige Anschlußleitung 5, eine einzige Kontaktstelle 6 und eine einzige Kontaktfahne 7 aufweisen, während der zweite Anschluß an die Motormasse gelegt ist.For simplification, the heating element 4 only have a single connection line 5 , a single contact point 6 and a single contact lug 7 , while the second connection is connected to the motor ground.

Claims (7)

1. Heizvorrichtung für den Kolbenboden einer Brennkraftmaschine
- mit im Kolbenboden etwa kugelig ausgebildetem Brennraum, - mit direkter Kraftstoff-Einspritzung, - mit Anlagerung des Kraftstoffes an der Wand des kugeligen Brennraums, - mit einem in den Kolbenboden zumindest teilweise eingegossenen, die Verdampfung des Kraftstoffes fördernden Heizelement 1. Heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine
- with a roughly spherical combustion chamber in the piston crown, - with direct fuel injection, - with the fuel accumulating on the wall of the spherical combustion chamber, - with a heating element at least partially cast into the piston crown to promote the evaporation of the fuel dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- das Heizelement (4) vollständig umschlossen im Kolbenboden unterhalb des etwa kugeligen Brennraums (2) angeordnet ist, - das Heizelement (4) bei Kaltstart und im Teillastbereich mit auf elektrischem Wege eingeführter Wärme beaufschlagbar ist, und - das Heizelement über isolierte im Kolbeninnenraum befindliche Anschlußleitungen (5, 5&min;) über Schleifkontakte (6, 6&min;, 7, 7&min;) zumindest zeitweise mit einer ortsfesten elektrischen Heizquelle verbunden ist. characterized in that
- the heating element ( 4 ) is completely enclosed in the piston crown below the approximately spherical combustion chamber ( 2 ), - the heating element ( 4 ) can be supplied with heat introduced electrically during cold starts and in the partial load range, and - the heating element is at least temporarily connected to a stationary electrical heat source via insulated connecting lines ( 5, 5' ) located in the interior of the piston via sliding contacts ( 6, 6', 7, 7' ). 2. Heizvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußleitungen (5, 5&min;) zu je einer Kontaktstelle (6, 6&min;) führen, die an der Kolbeninnenseite hintereinander, also in verschiedenen Ebenen liegend, isoliert angeordnet sind und daß die Vorrichtung in den Kolbeninnenraum ragende ortsfeste, auch während des Motorlaufs federnd anliegende Kontaktfahnen (7 bzw. 7&min;) aufweist. 2. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting lines ( 5, 5' ) each lead to a contact point ( 6, 6' ) which are arranged one behind the other on the inside of the piston, i.e. lying in different planes, in an insulated manner, and that the device has stationary contact lugs ( 7 or 7' ) which project into the interior of the piston and are resiliently applied even when the engine is running. 3. Heizvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfahnen (7, 7&min;) vorzugsweise durch einen Nocken (8) abhebbar angeordnet sind. 3. Heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact lugs ( 7, 7' ) are preferably arranged to be liftable by a cam ( 8 ). 4. Heizvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (8) selbsttätig, z. B. von einer Temperaturmeßstelle im Kolbenboden, insbesondere am Brennraum, steuerbar ist. 4. Heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cam ( 8 ) is automatically controllable, e.g. from a temperature measuring point in the piston crown, in particular in the combustion chamber. 5. Heizvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Heizelement (4) eine einzige Anschlußleitung (5), eine einzige Kontaktstelle (6) und eine einzige Kontaktfahne (7) aufweist, während der zweite Anschluß an die Motormasse gelegt ist. 5. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heating element ( 4 ) has a single connecting line ( 5 ), a single contact point ( 6 ) and a single contact lug ( 7 ), while the second connection is connected to the motor ground. 6. Heizelement nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfahnen (7, 7&min;) als Bimetallstreifen ausgebildet sind. 6. Heating element according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the contact lugs ( 7, 7' ) are designed as bimetallic strips.
DE2915285A 1979-04-14 1979-04-14 Heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine Expired DE2915285C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2915285A DE2915285C2 (en) 1979-04-14 1979-04-14 Heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2915285A DE2915285C2 (en) 1979-04-14 1979-04-14 Heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2915285A1 DE2915285A1 (en) 1980-10-23
DE2915285C2 true DE2915285C2 (en) 1987-02-12

Family

ID=6068391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2915285A Expired DE2915285C2 (en) 1979-04-14 1979-04-14 Heating device for the piston crown of an internal combustion engine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE2915285C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61138816A (en) * 1984-12-07 1986-06-26 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel evaporation rate control system for direct-injection inernal-combustion engine
WO1991019083A1 (en) * 1990-06-04 1991-12-12 Nippon Clean Engine Research Institute Co., Ltd. Internal combustion engine of hot surface collision ignition type and hot surface collision ignition thereof
DE10148857A1 (en) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Starting aid and combustion chamber for IC engines consists of sheathed-element glow plug fitted into/removed from combustion chamber wall opening via chamber only

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE702346C (en) * 1939-03-29 1941-02-06 Werke Kiel Akt Ges Deutsche others for operation with hard-to-end fuel
DE976295C (en) * 1954-06-20 1963-06-20 Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag Internal combustion engine with fuel injection in a combustion chamber located in the piston, in which an insert is attached
DE1023632B (en) * 1954-07-16 1958-01-30 Hans Krug Starting device for an air-compressing self-igniting internal combustion engine
DE1135704B (en) * 1958-11-19 1962-08-30 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Pre-chamber diesel engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2915285A1 (en) 1980-10-23

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
OAM Search report available
OC Search report available
OI Miscellaneous see part 1
8127 New person/name/address of the applicant

Owner name: M.A.N. MASCHINENFABRIK AUGSBURG-NUERNBERG AG, 8000

8110 Request for examination paragraph 44
8127 New person/name/address of the applicant

Owner name: M A N NUTZFAHRZEUGE GMBH, 8000 MUENCHEN, DE

D2 Grant after examination
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8327 Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner

Owner name: MAN NUTZFAHRZEUGE AG, 8000 MUENCHEN, DE

8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee