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DE2827516A1 - Heterogeneous ion exchange resin sheets - contg. PVC and plasticisers and opt. inorganic salts - Google Patents

Heterogeneous ion exchange resin sheets - contg. PVC and plasticisers and opt. inorganic salts

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Publication number
DE2827516A1
DE2827516A1 DE19782827516 DE2827516A DE2827516A1 DE 2827516 A1 DE2827516 A1 DE 2827516A1 DE 19782827516 DE19782827516 DE 19782827516 DE 2827516 A DE2827516 A DE 2827516A DE 2827516 A1 DE2827516 A1 DE 2827516A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
ion exchange
exchange resin
heterogeneous ion
pvc
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19782827516
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German (de)
Inventor
Walter Dipl Chem Dr Reicherdt
Friedrich Tannert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
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Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities filed Critical Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Priority to DE19782827516 priority Critical patent/DE2827516A1/en
Publication of DE2827516A1 publication Critical patent/DE2827516A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/20Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
    • C08J5/22Films, membranes or diaphragms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/20Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
    • C08J5/22Films, membranes or diaphragms
    • C08J5/2206Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
    • C08J5/2275Heterogeneous membranes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08L27/06Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/18Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2327/06Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/18Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Sheets comprise (a) 30-100 pt ion exchange resin; (b) 30-40 pt. pvc and (c) 1-15 pt plasticise or plasticiser mixt. Pref. the ion exchange resin has a particle size of 80 mu m and is suitably of the "Wofatit HC-90" type (RTH). The pvc is pref powdered and is obtd by emulsion polymerisation. Ion-exchange resin has optional swellability, improved use of the ion-exchange capacity and good mechanical stability.

Description

Heteregene IonenaustauscherfolieHeterogeneous ion exchange film

Die Erfindung betrifft heterogene Ionenaustauscherfolien mit hoher Quellfähigkeit mit Polysinylohlorid als Bindemittel.The invention relates to heterogeneous ion exchange films with high Swellability with polysinylochloride as a binding agent.

Heterogens Ionenaustauscherfolien sind bekannt. Sie bestehen aus Ionenaustauscherharzen in Pulverform und geeigneten plastisehen Bindemitteln, in der Regel thermoplastisohen Polymeren (Polystyrol, Polyvinylchlorid, Polymethylmethacrylat, Polyäthylen u. a.). Die Verarbeitung der Ausgangsmischung erfolgt meist thermoplastisoh, kann aber auoh durch Pressen bzw. Gießen von Eilmen aus einer Lösung erfolgen (B. N. Laskorin u. a. "Ionenaustauscher-@embranen und ihre Anwendung", Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1966). Bei Normaltemperatur relativ spröde Thermoplaste, wie Polystyrel oder Polyvinylchlorid, eignen sich dabei höchstens für schwach quellende Ionenaustauscher. Für nermal bzw.Heterogeneous ion exchange films are known. They consist of ion exchange resins in powder form and suitable plastic binders, usually thermoplastic binders Polymers (polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, etc.). The processing of the starting mixture is mostly thermoplastic, but can also be used by pressing or pouring Eilmen from a solution (B. N. Laskorin u. a. "Ion exchange @ embraces and their application", Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1966). Thermoplastics that are relatively brittle at normal temperature, such as polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride, are at most suitable for weakly swelling ion exchangers. For nermal resp.

stark quellende Ionenaustauscher werden elastische Bindemittel aus synthetischem oder natürlichem Kautschuk oder solchen Polymeren, die bei Normaltemperatur über ausgezeichnete Flexibilität verfügen (z. B. Polyäthylen, Polyisobutylen), verwendet (DL -WP 38.391). Nachteilig wirken sich dabei jedoch die relativ stark ausgeprägten hydrophoben Eigenschaften dieser weitgehend apolaren Polymeren aus, die die Transportvorgänge in der Ionenaustausohermembran behindern. Es wurde deshalb wiederholt versucht, polare Polymere, wie Polyvinylchlorid, als Bindemittel für lonenaustausoher zu verwenden, wobei die Sprödigkeit des Polyvinylohlorid z. B. dadurch Abmisohung mit anderen Polymeren bzw. Copolymerisatiow. nur teilweise überwunden werden konnte.strongly swelling ion exchangers are made from elastic binders synthetic or natural rubber or such polymers that are at normal temperature have excellent flexibility (e.g. polyethylene, polyisobutylene) are used (DL-WP 38.391). However, the relatively strong ones have a disadvantage here hydrophobic properties of these largely non-polar polymers make up the transport processes in the ion exchange thermal membrane. It has therefore repeatedly been attempted to use polar polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride, as binders for ion exchangers, wherein the brittleness of the polyvinyl chloride z. B. thereby disagreement with others Polymers or copolymers. could only be partially overcome.

Auch der Vorschlag, dem PVC die üblichen Weiohmaahermengen beizufügen, führte nicht zu einem befriedigenden Ergebnis, da wegen der geringen mechanisohen Festigkeit solcher Mischungen Gewebeverstärkungen erferderlich sind bzw. bei einer nachträgliohen Extraktion des Weichmachers als zusätzlichem lrbeitsaufwand die wirkung des Weichmachers wieder verloren geht (Indien Patent-Nr. 109.715; Kosaka, Sato, Tadsima - J.Chem.Also the suggestion to add the usual quantities of Weiohmaher to the PVC, did not lead to a satisfactory result because of the poor mechanical properties Strength of such mixtures fabric reinforcements are necessary or at a Subsequent extraction of the plasticizer as additional labor the effect of the plasticizer is lost again (India Patent No. 109.715; Kosaka, Sato, Tadsima - J. Chem.

Soc.Japan 56 (4), 27 (1953); Buour, R.V.; Stoicovici, L.Soc. Japan 56 (4), 27 (1953); Buour, R.V .; Stoicovici, L.

"Heterogene Ionenaustauschermembranen für das Laboratorium" -Studii Cercetari Chim. 14 (5), 383 (1966) nach CA 65, 13.878 e)."Heterogeneous Ion Exchange Membrane for the Laboratory" -Studii Cercetari Chim. 14 (5), 383 (1966) according to CA 65, 13.878 e).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, heterogene Ionenaustauscherfolien auf Polyvinylchloridbasis zu schaffen, die eine optimale Quellfähigkeit besitzen, eine gegenüber bekannten heterogenen Ionenaustauscherfolien verbesserte Ausnutzung der Ionenaustauschkapazität ermöglichen und über eine ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit verfügen.The invention is based on the object of providing heterogeneous ion exchange films to create on a polyvinyl chloride basis, which have an optimal swelling capacity, an improved utilization compared to known heterogeneous ion exchange films the ion exchange capacity and have sufficient mechanical strength feature.

Die erfindungsgemäßen heterogenen Ionenaustauscherfolien bestehen aus Mischungen ven 30...100 Gewichtsteilen Ionenaustauscherharz und 30...40 Gewichtsteilen pulverförmigem Polyvinylchlorid sowie 2 - 15 % Weichmacher.The heterogeneous ion exchange films according to the invention exist from mixtures of 30 ... 100 parts by weight of ion exchange resin and 30 ... 40 parts by weight powdered polyvinyl chloride and 2-15% plasticizers.

Als Weichmacher eignen sioh alle mit'Polyvinylchlorid verträglichen Weichmacher bzw. Weichmachergemische, wobei solche Ester-Weichmacher, die die Wasseraufnahme des Polyvinylchlorid@ günstig beeinflussen Cz. 3. Adipinate und Phthalate mit bis zu 8 C-tomen im Alkoholrest), besonders gttnstig wirken.Suitable plasticizers are all those compatible with polyvinyl chloride Plasticizers or plasticizer mixtures, with those ester plasticizers that absorb water of polyvinyl chloride @ favorably influence Cz. 3. Adipinates and phthalates with up to 8 carbon atoms in the alcohol residue), have a particularly beneficial effect.

Die besten Ergebnisse bezüglich der geferderten Eigenschaften besitzen Folien, in denen die Korngröße des eingesetzten Ionenaustauscherharzes < 80 µm beträgt.Have the best results in terms of the cushioned properties Films in which the grain size of the ion exchange resin used is <80 µm amounts to.

Die Quellfähigkeit der Peie kann, erhöhe und die Ionenaustausohkapazität vollständiger ausgenutzt werden, indem der Mischung wasserlösliche anorganische Salze (z. B. @aHCO3, NaCl, CaCO3, Na2SO4) in Pulverform in Mengen von 1...10 Gew.-% zugesetzt und diese Salze nach der Herstellung der Membran mit Wasser wieder herausgelöst werden. Das Herauslösen dauert nur wenige Stunden und kann mit der sowiese erforderlichen Quellung der Folie verbunden werden. In der rolle bilden sich dabei kleinste Hohlräume bzw. Kanäle, die die Zugänglichkeit zum Ionenaustauscher erhöhen. Das zeigen auch die Zahlen für die Quellfähigkeit heterogener Ionenaustauscherfolien mit unterschiedlichen Weichmaoher- und Salzzusätzen, die in Tabelle 1 angeführt sind.The swelling capacity of the peie can increase and the ion exchange capacity Can be more fully exploited by adding the water-soluble inorganic mixture Salts (e.g. @ aHCO3, NaCl, CaCO3, Na2SO4) in powder form in quantities of 1 ... 10% by weight added and these salts dissolved out again with water after the production of the membrane will. Removal takes only a few hours and can be done with the necessary Swelling of the film are connected. Smallest cavities are formed in the roll or channels that increase the accessibility to the ion exchanger. Show that too the numbers for the swellability of heterogeneous ion exchange films with different Softening ingredients and salt additives, which are listed in Table 1.

Tabelle 1 - Quellfähigkeit der heterogenen lonenaustauscherfolien bei verschiedenem Weichmacher- bzw. Weichmacher- und Salzgehalt % Volumenzunahme Weichmachergehalt Salzgehalt nach 5tägiger Quellung (in Gewichtsteilen) (in Gewichtsteilen) in dest. H2O 0 0 thermoplastisoh nicht verarbeitbar 5 Dioctylphthalat 0 24 5 Dioctyladipinat 0 26 5 Dioctylphthalat 2 NaHCO3 30 5 Dioctyladipinat 2 NaHCO3 33 Die Erfindung soll durch Beispiele erläutert werden.Table 1 - Swellability of the heterogeneous ion exchange films with different plasticizer or plasticizer and salt content% increase in volume Plasticizer content Salt content after swelling for 5 days (in parts by weight) (in parts by weight) in least H2O 0 0 thermoplastic cannot be processed 5 dioctyl phthalate 0 24 5 dioctyl adipate 0 26 5 Dioctyl phthalate 2 NaHCO3 30 5 Dioctyl adipate 2 NaHCO3 33 The invention is intended to are illustrated by examples.

1. Eine Ionenaustauscherfolie besteht aus einer Mischung aus 50 Gewichtsteilen Kationenaustauscher vom Typ Wofatit HC-90 Korngröße <80 µm, und 40 Gewichtsteilen Polyvinylchlorid (Emulsionspclymerisat), 5 Gewichtsteilen Diootylphthalat als Weichmacher und 0,4 Gewichtsteilen Aminocrotonsäureester als Stabilisator.1. An ion exchange film consists of a mixture of 50 parts by weight Cation exchanger of the Wofatit HC-90 type, grain size <80 µm, and 40 parts by weight Polyvinyl chloride (emulsion polymer), 5 parts by weight of diootyl phthalate as plasticizer and 0.4 parts by weight of aminocrotonic acid ester as a stabilizer.

Die Herstellung erfolgt duroh Homogenisieren der Misohung in einem Kreiselmischer und anschließende Verarbeitung auf einem kalander bei 165 - 175 °C. The production is done by homogenizing the mixture in one Rotary mixer and subsequent processing on a calender at 165 - 175 ° C.

2. Eine Ionenaustausoherfolie gemäß Beispiel 1 enthält außerdem 2 Gewichtsteile Natriumbicarbonat mit einer Korngröße < 100 µm.2. An ion exchange film according to Example 1 also contains 2 Parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate with a grain size <100 µm.

Claims (4)

Ansprüohe 1. Heterogene Ionenaustauscherfolie) dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus 30 bis 100 Gewichtsteilen Ionenaustausoherharz und 30 bis 40 Gewichtsteilen Polyvinylchlorid sowie 1 bis 15 Gewichtsprozent Weichmacher oder Weichmachergemischen bestehen.Claims 1. heterogeneous ion exchange film) characterized in that that they consist of 30 to 100 parts by weight of ion exchange resin and 30 to 40 parts by weight Polyvinyl chloride and 1 to 15 percent by weight plasticizers or plasticizer mixtures exist. 2. Heterogene lonenaustauscherfolien nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Weichmacher, die die Wasseraufnahme des Polyvinylchlorids günstig beeinflussen, wie Adipinate oder Phthalate mit bis zu 8 C-Atomen im Alkoholrest, enthalten.2. Heterogeneous ion exchange films according to claim 1, characterized in that that they have plasticizers that favorably influence the water absorption of the polyvinyl chloride, such as adipates or phthalates with up to 8 carbon atoms in the alcohol residue. 3. Heterogene lonenaustauscherfolien nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Emulsionspolymerisat enthalten.3. Heterogeneous ion exchange films according to claim 1, characterized in that that they contain an emulsion polymer. 4. Heterogene lonenaustauscherfolien nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder/ und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 1 bis 10 Gewichtsprozente wasserlösliche anorganisohe Salze in Pulverform enthalten.4. Heterogeneous ion exchange films according to claim 1, 2 and / or 3, characterized in that it contains 1 to 10 percent by weight of water-soluble inorganic Contains salts in powder form.
DE19782827516 1978-06-23 1978-06-23 Heterogeneous ion exchange resin sheets - contg. PVC and plasticisers and opt. inorganic salts Withdrawn DE2827516A1 (en)

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DE19782827516 DE2827516A1 (en) 1978-06-23 1978-06-23 Heterogeneous ion exchange resin sheets - contg. PVC and plasticisers and opt. inorganic salts

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4775588A (en) * 1983-11-11 1988-10-04 Nippon Light Metal Company Limited Metal substrates having hydrophilic resin paints containing finely divided ion exchange resins on its surface
EP0349903A1 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-10 Ems-Togo AG Plastisol compositions, method for their preparation and use

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4775588A (en) * 1983-11-11 1988-10-04 Nippon Light Metal Company Limited Metal substrates having hydrophilic resin paints containing finely divided ion exchange resins on its surface
EP0349903A1 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-10 Ems-Togo AG Plastisol compositions, method for their preparation and use

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