DE2744143A1 - PROCEDURE FOR BREEDING PLANTS AND CONTAINERS FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCEDURE - Google Patents

Description

KRAUS & WEISERT

PATENT LAWYERS ζ 0Π LL

DR WALTER KRAUS DIPLOMA CHEMIST - DR-ING. ANNEKATE WEISERT CHPL-ING. SPECIALIZATION CHEMICALS IRMGARDSTRASSE 15 · D-8OOO MUNICH 71 - TELEPHONE 089 / 797077-797078 ■ TELEX 06-212156kpatd

TELEGRAM CRAUS PATENT

1595

Bruno Gruber Puchheim

Method of Growing Plants and BefeMite ^ 'for

Implementation of the procedure

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description

The invention relates to a method for growing Plants, the plants obtained and a container for carrying out the method.

Many plants are grown in plant pots or plant troughs. This is especially true of many ornamental plants and flowers. Ornamental plants are also first grown in pots or trays and then outdoors planted. The known plant pots have a similar volume to the size of the plant as the plants, Diameters of about 100 to 200 mm and wall thicknesses of about 2 to 5 mm. There are still special procedures and Container for carrying out the method known with which the root spread is avoided in the circumferential direction.

For example, a plant container is described in DT-PS 953 393, which is made of wire mesh and a das The removable cover made of plastic foam surrounding the wire mesh. The purpose of this container is to keep the potting soil to hold together as a closed basis for growth. As can be seen from the drawing of this DT-PS, the Container the usual size of a flower pot in relation to the plant.

In DT-OS 2 434 538 a plant pot is described, which has a lining made of open-cell soft foam. The foam has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm and the flower pots are, as can be seen from the top of page 8, pots normally available on the market. For example, they have a diameter of 75 to 90 mm or 120 up to 150 mm or 180 to 240 mm. However, pots can also be used

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used for larger plants that have a diameter of about 1000 mm.

The container described in DT-OS 2 434 538 is intended to enable particularly rapid growth of the plant, with the flexible foam having the task to a certain extent To store water and air, but above all to prevent so-called root circles, a well-known, undesirable one Appearance according to which the roots continue to grow tangentially to the container wall after they have reached it, without in to form sufficient more effective roots, which leads to aging and drying out of the roots.

Further plant containers are also described, for example, in GB-PS 1 186 730 and DT-OS 1 482 977. So contains the plant container described in GB-PS 1 186 730 a wall made of plastic wire or jute mesh, through which the roots can grow unhindered into the surrounding soil. The cultivation pot known from DT-OS 1 482 977 made of plastic contains about 40 openings, each about 2 × 4 mm in size, on its side wall surfaces. The roots can already pass through these openings in the growing phase grow through. This container should be removed when transplanting and has to facilitate this Reduction of cracks so that the container can be removed without damaging the roots.

However, all known containers used for growing plants have in relation to that plant grown in them approximately at least half the volume of the plant and generally volume in the area from 500 to 2000 cnr or much more.

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Used for growing or growing plants Such large containers have the disadvantage that large volumes of soil are watered and fertilized when the plant is grown and need to be handled. If the plants are then sold together with their containers, they must be large Masses are transported and stored, which is often difficult, for example, in smaller flower shops.

With an increasing world population and the associated food shortage, there is a great need afterwards, now to make fallow land usable for agriculture. Large parts of the world are covered with barren deserts, Steppes and sand covered. So far it has not been possible to cultivate these areas, on the one hand because of the existing ones Soil does not contain sufficient nutrients for the nutrition of plants, on the other hand because it is climatic Do not allow relationships. For example, there is only a comparatively short one in many areas of the world frost-free time that is insufficient for the plant to germinate, grow and mature. Many areas of the world can also therefore not be used for crops because they are too rainy and irrigate the entire area would be too costly.

There is therefore a great need for methods / with which it would be possible to grow plants with normal growth above the ground and normal yields in such a way that the plant roots only take up a small volume. In addition, there is a need for a method with which it is possible to make usable large parts of the earth that cannot be used as cultivated land today.

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The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a method according to which planting with normal growth above the ground can be grown without the plants needing large volumes of soil for their roots, and with which large, currently fallow areas of the earth can be made usable.

The invention relates to a method for growing plants with normal growth above the ground in one Container, which is characterized in that the roots of the plant, cuttings, seeds, bulbs or other seeds surrounds with a container which has an opening in the direction of plant growth, is wholly or partially perforated, the holes of the container being dimensioned so that the size of the roots is much smaller in relation to the corresponding one, Normally grown plant, the container is completely or partially filled with nutrient substrate and, if necessary, completely or partially with substrate or nutrient substrate and / or water and brings the plant in a known manner breeds. Containers are preferably used in which the area of the holes is in the range from 1.5 to 0.007 mm. It is also preferred to use corrosion-resistant containers.

The invention also relates to a container for growing plants with normal growth, which is characterized is by delimiting walls, which are completely or partially perforated, and an opening in the direction of plant growth, the area of the holes being in the range from 1.5 to 0.007 mm. Preferred containers are corrosion resistant.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the roots of plants, even when they are maximally growing above the ground require a much smaller volume of nutrient substrate than has been assumed in the past when the plants grown in small containers. The reason for this is not entirely clear. However, it is believed that

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Soil is better used, since per unit of volume of soil there are significantly more roots, especially fine roots their root hairs are present than with the conventional planting method. It is known that the root hairs determined Excrete substances that serve to dissolve the nutrient compounds and thus to open up the soil. Since with that If more root hairs are present according to the method according to the invention, more soil is opened up and this is therefore better utilized.

In the method according to the invention, the seed, for example the plant with its roots, becomes a seed or an onion or a cutting, planted in the container, which is completely or partially covered with the usual nutrient substrate, such as earth, peat, expanded clay, special earth, arable soil, can be filled. The nutrient substrate can optionally can also be mixed with any inert substances such as sand or plastic granulate. The nutrient substrate can be done before sowing the seeds or planting the bulbs or planting the plant with their roots or cuttings optionally mixed with fertilizers, soil improvers, herbicides or pesticides will. After the seeds have been planted, additional nutrient substrate can be added to the containers that contain the seeds give and, if necessary, irrigate in a known manner.

For irrigation one can use pure water or solutions or dispersions containing soil improvers, fertilizers, weed killers, pesticides, etc. The container with the seeds in it can now, as long as the plant has not yet fully grown or the seeds sprout and germinate, in special places.

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will hold. It is an advantage of the method according to the invention, that at this stage only little space, for example in the greenhouse, is required for the plants and can keep the plant under controlled conditions until the plant with its roots or the seeds have grown or the onions have risen.

The container with the plants or the seeds can also be placed under them for some time, for example Hold foils to protect them from extreme weather conditions, e.g. frost or excessive sunlight. For example, many of today's crops are sown, and at the time of germination the plants are extreme sensitive to frost. If you work according to the method according to the application, you can with changeable climatic conditions let the early stages run off in the greenhouse.

Depending on the type of plant and the speed of its growth, the plants can be kept in the container for a few days to several weeks or months, for example 1 to 3 months, preferably 1 to 2 months, most preferably 1 month, in the greenhouse or in another protected place until they are taken to where they are ultimately supposed to grow.

The containers with the seeds or already the small plants in them are then brought to the place where the plant will eventually grow. Surprisingly, it has now been found that it is not necessary to do this To plant containers with the nutrient substrate in it in a soil that is also cultivated land. You can use the container plant with the seed or plant in it in any type of soil, even in soil that was in the past

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has not yet been used as a cultivated land. You can put the container with the plant or the seed in it in normal Arable land with light or heavy soil, in fallow land, also in uncultivated arable land, in sand, in steppes and Plant forest soil and also in meadows. Surprisingly, it has been found that a plant can grow normally is completely sufficient if only a nutrient substrate, such as soil, peat or the like. Is present in the container.

The containers can be inserted into the ground by plugging them in. The containers are in the ground in the Inserted distance, as it is necessary for normal plant growth of the plants contained in them. For example If there are beet seedlings or small beet plants in the container, you will choose a different distance, as if the small plants of peach trees or orange trees or rose bushes were present in the container are. After the container has been placed in the ground, it is only necessary for the plants to continue growing, to water, fertilize or otherwise treat the container with the roots it contains. Surprisingly, it has been found that it is completely sufficient if only the container and that contained in it Nutrient substrate is watered with the root system. This is of great advantage when using dry areas, since there is no need to irrigate unlimited land areas. It is completely sufficient if only the container is watered will.

The same applies to fertilizing and treating with pesticides, weedkillers, Soil improvers and the like. This is of great advantage as it is no longer necessary to use the whole To treat the field or the entire cultivation area with these agents. It is sufficient to only have the nutrient substrate in the container to treat the root system with the agent.

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Another advantage of the method is that the J also surrounded by another container. This other container can with nutrient substrate, whole or

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seed according to the invention in them

partially, filled

it can be filled with another substrate, completely or partially, or it can neither contain substrate nor nutrient substrate, and the containers can stand in it, be inserted into it or fastened in it floating in any way be. Such a container can be completely closed, but it preferably has openings which are at least the openings in the direction of plant growth correspond to the perforated container, these openings being the container that leads to the The perforated containers are used to store them, and can optionally also be somewhat smaller than the openings of the plant growth containers. This has the advantage that, for example, with funnel-shaped or conical containers in which Once the seeds are in, these containers can simply be inserted into the larger containers. The larger containers can have any shape, e.g. they can be designed as planters, tubs, troughs or boxes. the Using the larger containers has the advantage that in many cases it is sufficient to water at large intervals. For example, the containers in which the plants grow can be fastened floating freely in the larger containers, the Cover the bottom of the larger container with water, which may still contain nutrient salts, and cover the nutrient substrate with the Connect the water with a wick. This allows the nutrient substrate for the plants to be watered for a long time Times and it is not necessary to water the plants every day. The use of the larger containers, e.g. in the form of concrete gutters, has the further advantage in the desert that the amount of water required for irrigation can be further reduced.

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One can also fill the perforated container with the plant or the seed in it with an absorbent material surround, for example, wrap around. As an absorbent material one can use absorbent paper such as paper normally used for paper towels, cloth, felt, or anything Use some kind of absorbent plastic material, such as plastic foam. The perforated container can be filled with a such material, for example in tape form, are wrapped. In such a case, only the material is sufficient wrapped around the perforated container to water.

The wrapped perforated container can also be surrounded by a second container, e.g. standing in it. The bottom of the second container can be filled with water or be covered with an aqueous, nutrient-containing solution. In this case it is not necessary to have the Watering plants frequently. Through the absorbent envelope, the substrate or nutrient substrate in the interior of the perforated container sufficient water and / or "nutrients

The wrapped container can also be surrounded by a second container in such a way that the seal and the container wall of the surrounding container are tightly connected to one another and the bottom wall of the surrounding container with it Cover water. The surrounding container can, for example, have holes on the side for filling in the water. on in this way it is even less necessary to water the plant. You can grow several plants in this way grow in a single container. This has the advantage that the plants need very little maintenance and still thrive well.

It is also possible to wrap the container with a wick or some other expansive material, as listed above, to be connected to a water source.

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Surprisingly, it has been found that the growth time of those grown by the method according to the invention Plants are generally the same as time in normal breeding practices. This was surprising and not obvious; for one should have expected that the plants, compared with normal plants, would have a smaller root volume or package, grow more slowly than plants whose roots can expand at will.

The method according to the invention also enables the use of cultivation areas where, from a climatic point of view, only relatively short times are available for the plants to grow and mature. For example, in in areas with heavy frost, grow the plants in a greenhouse before, e.g. 1 or 2 to 3 months, and when the plants are about halfway through normal growth, put them in the field. This makes it possible to grow crops even in areas where crops have been grown in the past not because of climatic conditions, e.g. excessive frost during long periods or frequent rainy seasons was possible.

When planting such areas, the plants can also be planted first by the method according to the invention and then, when they have reached half of their final size, remove the plants from the container and plant and cultivate in normal cultivated land. Such an implementation of the method according to the invention will be worthwhile especially in those areas where extreme climatic conditions are to be found. The inventive The process has the great advantage that it is very diverse and varies depending on the local conditions can be. The method according to the invention also has the advantage that sowing or inserting the cuttings

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can be carried out by those skilled in the art and that the growth of the plant during its first stage can be carried out by those skilled in the art can be monitored. Especially in the first stage of growth, the plants are often sensitive, and after they have a Once they have reached a certain size, the plants become more robust and are no longer susceptible. The inventive method allows the plants to be planted first by professionals and to allow growth in the first few weeks is observed and monitored by professionals. This has the advantage that fewer plants die and an even planting of the field is guaranteed.

With many crops that are sown, the problem often arises that the seeds are not all marriage and that - also due to climatic conditions - the fields are too thin or too densely sown. Are the fields If sown too densely, the fields have to be thinned, which is costly. If the fields are sown too thinly, we will the yield too low. If the method according to the invention is used, these difficulties are also eliminated.

The container used to grow the plants can be of any shape and size. the The size of the container must be selected according to the normal size of the plants when they are fully grown will. The size of the container must be chosen so that the plants reach their maximum growth. in the Generally, the containers have a size greater than 51 cm and in the range from 51 cm to about 100 liters lies. However, the containers can optionally also be larger. Large containers are generally used for Use trees, e.g. for planting lemon or orange trees. In general, however, one will

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use containers, e.g. containers with a size of 250 cm, 500 cnr or several liters.

The invention is explained below with reference to some of the elements shown in principle in FIGS. 1 to 5 of the drawing preferred exemplary embodiments explained in more detail; show it:

FIGS. 1a to 1h show exemplary embodiments of containers for carrying out the method according to the invention;

2a and 2b show a greatly enlarged plan view of part of the wall of the container according to FIGS. 1a to 1h;

3a and 3b show a greatly enlarged section along the line I-I in FIG. 2a;

Fig. 4a and Ab show the container according to Fig. 1a in a schematic representation with a plant in it and inserted in the ground "

5a and 5b show a flat container in schematic form Representation with a plant in it and placed on the ground; and

6, 7 and 8 containers according to the invention which are additionally surrounded by a further container.

Reference is now made in more detail to the figures of the drawing, namely initially to FIGS. 1a to 1h, in which the container according to the invention are shown. The containers have an opening 1 in the direction of the plants Opening 1 can be designed in any way; it can occupy one side of the container. But she can also as shown in Figures 1e, 1f and 1h, occupy only part of one side. The opening can be any shape to have. The shape of the opening can be adapted to the shape of the container.

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The containers themselves can have any shape. For example, they can be in the shape of a mug (Fig. 1a), a bowl (Fig. 1b and 1g), a funnel (Fig. 1c), a sleeve (Fig. 1d), a cube (Fig. 1f), a truncated cone (Fig. 1e) or a polygon (Fig.lh). Depending on the specific needs, the containers can be where they are to be used, elongated or flat. elongated containers are for example can be used where a connection to the groundwater is desired. Flat containers will be used there where there will be practically no groundwater, such as in deserts or other areas with little rain.

The containers can optionally contain handles (2) on their sides for easier handling or they can nen at the lower part, as it is shown in Fig. 1c, contain a closed chamber 3, which is equipped with a weighting means, such as metal, can be filled. It is not necessary that the entire volume of the container is filled by nutrient substrate, but the containers can also contain additional chambers that balance the equilibrium the container can be filled with substances of different densities, so that the container if For example, they are stored mechanically, for example shot down by airplanes, always in the correct position land on the ground and be plugged into the ground.

The containers can also, as shown in FIG. 1d, have a spiral thread path. The thread path or helix can be made of any material. Preferably will a rigid or hard band or a strip of metal or plastic on the container standing in a spiral

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stigt. The thread path is similar to the thread of a self-tapping screw. Thanks to the thread path, the containers can be easily screwed into the ground or into the earth.

The containers shown in FIGS. 1a to 1h can be made of any material. The containers can be self-supporting or non-self-supporting . In the latter case, they can have stiffeners to increase strength. Such stiffeners are familiar to the specialist. The containers can also be in the form of non-self-supporting bags. However, the containers are preferably self-supporting. The containers should be corrosion resistant at least during the growing season of the plants.

The containers can be made of plastic or metal, for example. The containers are preferred made of stainless steel foils, especially nickel foils. · The containers can also be made of various materials may be made, e.g. one part of the container from plastic and another part of the container from sheet steel or steel foils. Preferred container materials are fabrics and perforated sheets made of metals, in particular Steel, nickel and nickel alloys.

All plastics that are inert to the growth conditions and are light are suitable as plastics can be perforated.

It is an essential feature of the present invention that the container be perforated are. The containers can be perforated on their entire surface be; however, it is sufficient if only part of the surface is perforated. For example, the the upper edge or the lower edge of the container is not

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be holes. In general, however, it is recommended that the entire container side walls and lower walls be perforated are. For example, in the case of the container shown in FIG. 1b, only the lower wall of the container can be perforated and made of nickel foils or steel mesh, whereas the side wall consists of a plastic ring can and is not perforated.

The size of the holes is determined by the size of the roots. Generally the area of the holes lies in the range from 1.5 mm to 0.007 mm.

If the holes are circular, their area is in the range from 0.785 mm ² to 0.0785 mm. with the preferred hole diameters of 1.0 to 0.1 mm. It has been shown that with a hole diameter of circular openings of about 0.1 mm even the finest roots no longer grow through the container, whereas with a hole diameter of about 1.5 mm too many roots grow through the container. In the case of circular openings, the openings are preferably 0.1 to 0.6 mm in diameter, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm. It is essential in the method according to the invention that none or only the fine roots grow through the container wall. The containers can also have different hole diameters and the holes can be arranged randomly.

The openings in the containers can be shaped as desired, for example they can be round or circular, oval, slot-shaped, triangular, square or polygonal. If the openings are slit-shaped, so the maximum slot length will be about 3 mm and the maximum slot width about 0.5 mm. This ent-

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speaks of an area of the holes of 1.5 mm.

Preferably, however, the holes are round or circular and have hole diameters in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm.

In the enlarged walls of the container shown by way of example in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the openings in FIG. 2a have the same diameter, whereas in the case of the one shown in FIG. 2b, the openings have different sizes. In the form shown in FIG. 3a, the openings run straight, whereas in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3b they run conically.

The thickness of the container wall depends on the type of container material and is used, for example, in the case of sheet metal 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, preferred wall thicknesses being 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mm.

It is generally from economy, ventilation and irrigation reasons, it is preferred that the wall thicknesses are as thin as possible.

For sufficient supply of most plants it is sufficient if at least 1096 of the area of the container wall to be taken from the openings. The openings can also take up significantly more area of the container wall, for example up to 9096. Usually the openings about 10 to 7096, preferably 10 to 5096, the area of the Take the container wall.

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In Fig. 4a a container is shown which is perforated on the whole side and up to its upper opening stuck in the ground or substrate. The openings in the container wall are so small that even fine roots cannot grow through them can, but the ventilation and nutrition is guaranteed from the outside. The diet can do this too done from within. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4b, the container is also as in Fig. 4a Perforated on the whole side and inserted into the soil or substrate up to its upper part. The perforation or the In this case, however, the hole diameter is larger, so that the fine roots can still grow through however, cannot form main roots outside.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5a, the container is only substantially on the bottom surface perforated and sits on the ground. The hole diameter is chosen so that even fine roots no longer exist can grow through. However, ventilation and nutrition are ensured from the outside. The diet can do this can also be done from within. The container corresponds to the container shown in Fig. 1g, but only the bottom is perforated. The embodiment shown in Fig. 5b corresponds to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5a, wherein however, in this case the hole diameter is somewhat larger, so that fine roots can still grow through.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the container 10 according to the invention is freely floating in one surrounding container 11 attached. The bottom of the container 11 can for example be covered with water, and this Water can with the nutrient substrate of the container 10 via a wick (not shown) or another absorbent material tied together

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In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, several containers 10 for growing the plants are in one they surrounding container 11 attached. The containers 10 stand on the bottom of the container 11. The containers 10 can however, they also float freely in the container 11. The container 11 can be filled with substrate or nutrient substrate; he can also be empty or the bottom of the container 11 can be covered with water and / or fertilizer.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the containers 10 for growing the plants are in a container 11 inserted, which has holes 12 on its upper side, the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the opening in the direction of plant growth of the container 10. In the embodiment shown in FIG the container .zum the plants are easily inserted into the container 11 and removed from it again. To fill in water, the container 11 may contain slots 13 on a side wall if necessary or at Larger recesses can be provided on a side wall.

End of description.

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Claims (9)

KRAUS & WEJSR [RT 27UH3 PATENTANWÄLTE DR. WALTER KRAUS DIPLOMAL CHEMIST · DRING. ANNEKÄTE WEISERT DIPL-ING. SPECIALIZATION CHEMICALS IRMGARDSTRASSE 15 · D-8OOO MUNICH 71 · TELEPHONE 089 / 797077-79 7078 ■ TELEX 05-212156 kpatd TELEGRAM CRAUS PATENT 1595 claims 1. ) A method for growing plants with normal ^v growth above the ground in a container, characterized in that the roots of the plant, cuttings, seeds, bulbs or other seeds are completely surrounded by a container which has an opening in the direction of plant growth or is partially perforated, the holes of the container are dimensioned so that the size of the roots is significantly smaller in relation to the corresponding, normally grown plant, the container is completely or partially filled with nutrient substrate and optionally completely or partially with substrate or nutrient substrate and / or brings water into contact and the plant grows in a manner known per se. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that ρ that the area of the holes ranges from 1.5 to 0.007 mm lies. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the container is wholly or partially with nutrient substrate fills, planting the plant with its roots, the seeds, the onion or the cutting, possibly still Add nutrient substrate, watered if necessary, and then place the container with the plant matter in substrate and / or nutrient substrate pocketed or placed on it. 4. The method according to claim 3 »characterized in that the container with earth, special earth, peat, expanded clay or Mixtures of these products is filled as a nutrient substrate and is inserted into the ground. 9098U / 0A3O ORIGINAL INSPECTED 2744H3 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the container before your insertion in substrate and / or nutrient substrate and until the plants and cuttings have grown or until the seeds emerge and Onions are kept in a greenhouse under controlled conditions. 6. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plant material Containers in normal, heavy or light arable soils, in fallow land, in forest soil, in meadows, in heather, in Steppes, tundra, deserts, dunes or other sandy areas. 7. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a container is used that is larger than 51 ecm. 8. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a container is used whose hole diameter is selected so that no roots can grow through it. 9. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a container is used whose hole diameter is selected so that only fine roots can grow through it. 10. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a container used the circular holes with a hole diameter in the range from 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 9098U / 0430 27AAH3 11. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a container is used in which at least 10 % of the area of the container wall is occupied by the openings. 12. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a container is used in which 10 to 90 % of the area of the container wall is taken up by the openings. 13. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a perforated container is used, which is additionally of at least another partially closed container is surrounded. 14. The method according to claim 13 »characterized in that the bottom of the closed container with water or covered with a solution containing nutrient salts and the substrate or nutrient substrate in the perforated container with connects the water or the aqueous solution containing nutrient salt with a wick. 15 * Method according to at least one of the claims 1 - 13 »characterized in that a perforated container is used, which is additionally surrounded by another, partially closed container and the space between the perforated container and the surrounding container partially or completely with substrate and / or Nutrient substrate fills and the plant grows. 9098U / 043O 16. Container for growing plants with normal Growth characterized by delimiting walls that are wholly or partially perforated and an opening in the direction of plant growth, the area of the holes being in the range from 1.5 to 0.007 mm. 17. A container according to claim 1 &, characterized in that the openings in the container are slit-shaped, round, circular, oval, triangular, square or polygonal. 18. A container according to claim 16, characterized in that the holes are circular and the hole diameter in Range is between 0.1 and 1.0 mm. 19. Container according to one of claims 1.6, 17 or 18, / · characterized in that the container has a volume in excess of 51 cnr. 20. Container according to one of claims 16, 17 or 18, or 19, characterized in that the hole openings are conical. 21. Container according to at least one of claims 16 to 20., characterized in that the container has the shape of a funnel, a sleeve, a bag, a cube, a cuboid or a polyhedron. 22. Container according to at least one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that the container made of metal 909814/0430 • I κ, ~ 4F-r ~ ** ^ X ~ L · '* ν or plastic mesh, perforated sheet metal or perforated plastic is made. 23. Container according to at least one of claims 1.6 to 22, characterized in that part of the container is made of non-perforated metal or plastic and another part is made of perforated metal or plastic. 24. Container according to at least one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that at least 10 % of the area of the container wall is taken up by the openings. 25. Container according to at least one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that 10 to 90 % of the area of the container wall are occupied by the holes. 26. Container according to at least one of claims 16. to 25, characterized in that it is self-supporting. 27. Container according to at least one of claims 16 to 25 »characterized in that it has stiffeners to increase strength. 28. Container according to at least one of claims 16 to 2 7, characterized in that the container additionally is surrounded by at least one further, partially closed container. 2 9. Plant, characterized in that it is grown according to at least one of the methods of claims 1 to 14 has been. 909814/0430