DE270383C - PROCEDURE FOR COOLING THE AIR OR OTHER LOW BOILING GASES TO TEMPERATURES BELOW -120 ° C - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- M 270383 - ■ CLASS YIg. GROUP.

Patented in the German Empire on September 10, 1908.

The present invention relates to a method for generating very low temperatures below Use of work-performing expansion of low-boiling gases in a cylinder and the one with cooling associated with this expansion.

The essence of the process is to use air or other low-boiling points Cool down gases (hydrogen, carbon oxide, etc.) to temperatures below - I2o °

ίο the way that the high - depending on nature of the gas and depending on the desired temperature depth to 40 to 100 atm. or more - compressed gas of cooling water temperature under the direction of external work in in a single stage to atmospheric pressure or slightly overpressure a cylinder, the wall surfaces of which come into contact with the compressed gas can be kept permanently at such a high temperature that the use is more common Lubricant is possible.

An expansion cylinder can be used to perform this procedure one end both the inlet valve of the compressed gas of cooling water temperature as well as the outlet valve for the gases generated by a single piston clearance very cold gas of low pressure is arranged, and its piston is the result Transferring work to a crankshaft in a known manner.

In contrast to Hampson and Linde, whose method relies heavily on free relaxation precooled gas, Claude is already using external work-performing expansion compressed gas (Patent 192594; Ie Genie Civil, December 9th, 1905, p. 96/97) and thus produced with considerably better Beneficial as mentioned inventor strong cold.

An essential feature of Claudia's method is that the condensed Gas with a low starting temperature (according to Ie Genie Civil with -ioo ° C.) of the laborer Expansion is subject to, being special to enable this mode of operation Lubricants had to be found and used at the very deep Temperatures, which the expansion cylinder assumes here, do not freeze (for which they but inevitably extremely volatile at ordinary temperature or, if one wants to prevent freezing even more safely, even in gaseous form, which is especially good for the Start of operation, where normal temperature in the cylinder and the associated apparatus is extremely uncomfortable).

Since the working capacity of the compressed gas decreases with a decrease in temperature, Thus, with the ability of the gas to work, the lower the initial temperature, the more the possibility of cold generation is reduced is chosen.

The present method avoids this disadvantage by condensing it Gas with normal temperature (cooling water temperature) or only slightly different from it Subjecting the initial temperature of the useful work expansion. To enable

Claims (1)

This way of working was achieved with the very valuable success that then also ordinary Lubricants are applicable, the cylinder walls, z. B. by. Access to the external atmosphere, supplied with sufficient heat. Fear it will ■ this so much heat is necessary that the cold yield is significantly reduced and the Achieving very low temperatures even / ίο illusory has surprisingly turned out to be proved to be completely inaccurate, as practical experiments have shown, and industrial ones Prove plants. It can be explained .. this from the fact that the heat exchange between / see the warm cylinder wall and the gases expanding in it proportionally goes slowly, so that every single amount of gas leaving the cylinder only a little Heat from the cylinder walls will also give if it is ensured that in Large amounts of gas pass through the cylinder for a short time. The gas frozen by the present process can be used in a known manner Liquefaction of other quantities of gas can be used, putting its cold on the latter transferred in a heat exchanger and thereby to be liquefied, under suitable Latent heat is withdrawn from pressurized gases. This is known to be in order the greater the need, the lower the temperature below the critical point liquefying gas is cooled down because of the latent heat of vaporization of the gases the critical temperature is constantly growing downwards. Due to the significant cooling capacity for a given amount of work, it is suitable the present procedure also especially for the replacement of the inevitable cold losses in the breakdown of gas mixtures, especially atmospheric air, by means of fractionation. Provided that the gas to be supplied to the apparatus or a part of it is previously put under considerable pressure, can according to the present method without pressure liquefaction of part of the compacted Gas can be used to cover the cold losses. / Sponsorship τ claim: A method for cooling the air or other low-boiling gases to temperatures below -120 ⁰ C, characterized in that the highly compressed gas of cooling water temperature under the performance of external work in a single stage to ' atmospheric pressure or low overpressure is expanded in a cylinder whose with the Compressed gases coming into contact with wall surfaces are permanently maintained at a temperature so high that the use of ordinary lubricants is possible.