DE259434C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 12 «. GROUP

FERNAND HOMBACH in HÜLST, the Netherlands.

When installing discharge equipment for the production of ozone, this is the case make sure that the distances between the pipes or plates are the same. When arranging several individual Discharge elements made of concentric tubes to build a large-scale apparatus, it was difficult to achieve that the Execution of the pipes through several plates coincides exactly axially, because with eccentric Position of a hole and the pipe going through it is eccentric and so are the distances become unequal. At the points of the smallest distance, breakdowns then easily occur, which make the whole apparatus inoperable.

An improvement in the discharge apparatus composed of tubular elements is through the use of a dielectric liquid layer in conjunction with the solid dielectric layer of the glass tubes has been achieved because this creates a certain Compensating the entire thickness of the dielectric takes place, but always remained as the main difficulty the central sealing or connection of the glass tube with the inner pole tube or the upper lead-through plate.

In this form, such a discharge element resembles the tubular apparatus of FIG Houzeau, Berthelot, Siemens, KekuJi and others, however, differs from these through the use of the dielectric liquid layer according to patent 173519.

The outer pole tube, at a certain distance

from the glass tube, is then washed inside and out by the dielectric liquid, whereby for good cooling and constant renewal of the dielectric liquid layer between Glass tube and outer pole tubes, the latter can also be provided with openings.

The central position of the inner pole tube, glass cylinder and outer pole tube and the simultaneous Sealing between the inflow and outflow space is used when several elements are arranged to build larger apparatus on the most advantageous achieved by two implementation plates. The difficulty always lies at the connection points of the very thin-walled glass cylinder, because by little Clamping stresses occur, causing ruptures that can render the entire apparatus inoperable and question its usefulness for technology.

According to the present invention, the rigid connection of the very thin-walled glass tube (in the form of, for example, larger reagent cylinders) entirely avoided by for the purpose of automatic Centering of the glass cylinder and inner pole tube using the buoyancy pressure of the liquid is made and the glass cylinders are floating.

This invention is intended to be explained in more detail by means of the above example with reference to the drawing Find.

In the arrangement according to FIG. 1, the glass cylinder "floats freely in the liquid and receives a lift pressure dependent on the displaced volume" when the bulges c attached to the inner pole tube b limit the lift at the bottom.

A slight buoyancy pressure is sufficient for good centering and is absolutely harmless with regard to the breakage of the glass tube. If several such discharge elements are used, the metallic inner pole tubes only need to be held in place by friction in the lead-through plate (P); a completely gas-tight seal between the inlet and outlet space is created by pouring

ίο a hardening or plastic mass m easy to maintain and renew if one of the discharge elements is to be replaced. For this purpose, the feed-through openings d in the plate are to be made so large that the glass cylinder and, if an outer pole tube f is used in dielectric liquid, this can also be inserted through the opening d.

The embodiments for the centering are extremely diverse. The limitation of the buoyancy can take place both below and above the discharge layer ee . The centering is done above and below. The lower or upper end of the glass tube or the inner pole tube can be designed in such a way that centering and lift limitation occur simultaneously or one after the other. The lower end of the floating glass cylinder can be guided during buoyancy by means of stars, notched rings and the like attached to the inner pole tube, or centering and buoyancy limitation take place at the same time through indentations and bulges and the conical design of the lower end of the glass cylinder and the inner pole tube.

In the same way, if a dielectric liquid is also used, the outer pole tube f is centered. In this case, the expediently only thin-walled and therefore light (e.g. about 20 g heavy) outer pole tubes slide on an electrically conductive base plate h. In view of the high voltage of, for example, 6000 to 10,000 volts and more and the extremely low current strength of, for example, only 0.001 amps per square decimeter of discharge area, a simple touch of the outer pole tubes with the base plate is sufficient, even under oil, so that the use of a conductive liquid g or filing spindles or resilient contacts and the like is not necessary. However, the lower pole plate on which the outer pole tubes slide can also be used as a flat, level container for receiving a conductive liquid g, e.g. B. mercury or water, are used in the surrounding oils.

You can get the Pole + IjI from the outer container isolate or put one with the container on the ground. Loaded with multi-phase currents the individual phases by the same number of discharge elements or among themselves same individual devices. In the case of secondary transformer currents, one pole can be added to earth, use the star connection.

In the arrangement according to FIG. 2, the lower pole plate is insulated. The top plate with the The inner pole tube is screwed gas-tight to the container lying on the ground by means of flanges.

The stresses in the upper plate caused by these flange screw connections, which often caused the breakage of glass tubes in apparatuses of other designs for the pipes floating in liquid according to the present invention without influence. the The supply line to the lower insulated pole plate can pass through the container wall through the bottom of the Container or, as indicated in Fig. 2, done from above.

In the arrangement according to FIG. 3, the bottom of the container also serves as a grounded pole plate, on which the outer pole tubes slide when dielectric fluid is used (FIGS. 3 A and B). If water (Fig. 3 C and D) is used as the outer covering of the glass tubes, no special outer tubes are necessary. However, a layer of oil MM ' can be applied to the water and this avoids evaporation into the gases flowing out at G. By applying a layer of oil, a surface flow of electricity along the upper end of the glass tube from the water to the insulated inner pole tubes is avoided. In this case (FIG. 3 E) one can also use outer pole tubes closed at the bottom, which are filled with oil from above and are cooled from the outside by water, the oil not participating in the cooling cycle. The inner pole tubes are to be led either through a pole plate isolated from the container or through a plate made of insulating material. In the latter case, the individual inner pole tubes must be connected to one another and to the common isolated pole in an electrically conductive manner.

However, all of these styles change does not affect the application of the glass tubes floating in a liquid on which this invention is based.

The gas or gas mixture entering the apparatus at F, e.g. B. dried air, passes through the inner pole tubes below into the discharge layer, flows through the discharge space, is ozonated, collects in the space above the liquid and leaves the apparatus at G. Appropriately, the liquid is kept at the same level M and cooled inside or outside the container. The oil can also be cooled within the apparatus by means of a liquid flowing through a special pipe system, e.g. B. water, can be made.

Claims (5)

Patent Claims: ι. Tubular apparatus for generating of ozone by means of dark electrical discharges, characterized by the application a glass tube closed at the bottom, which is automatically floating in the surrounding liquid due to the buoyancy centered on the electrodes. 2. Apparatus according to claim i, characterized in that the internal electrodes are designed in this way or provided with special devices at both ends, that the floating glass cylinders are automatically centered. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper electrode cone is provided with depressions or bulges for the gas to flow through. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the floating Glass cylinders are shaped in such a way that an automatic centering to the internal electrodes is obtained, and that at Application of dielectric fluid to the glass cylinders through the outer electrodes be centered, the latter sliding on conductive plate, optionally under Use of an electrically conductive liquid. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing openings of the internal electrodes in the separating plate between the inflow and outflow space of the Gases are expanded so that a complete discharge element from the liquid can be pulled out or reinserted without detaching the partition plate from the outer container. 1 sheet of drawings.