DE2542947C3 - Solid lubricating ring designed as a hollow ring to supply a plain bearing with lubricant - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a solid lubricating ring designed as a hollow ring for supplying a plain bearing with lubricant with the features listed in the preamble of claim 1.

Plain bearings must function reliably under harsh operating conditions. As an example, the support are used by ship drive shafts. The bearings can only meet the high requirements if when a proper lubricant supply required to maintain fluid friction in all operating states that occur, d. H. with swell, vibration, different inclination of the Ship's longitudinal axis and at speeds from approx. One to a nominal speed of approx. 200 revolutions per Minute is guaranteed to be particularly important when towing those equipped with fixed propellers Ships due to the flow of water against the propeller occurring extremely low »cruising speed« To get a grip in this regard, such slide bearings are usually lubricated by external lubrication from a lubricant circuit located outside the bearing, whereby a properly working oil return must be provided

got to. Since the oil collection tank is usually arranged in such systems in the area of the main engine is, on the other hand, but the drive shaft is usually very deep in If the hull is located, little or no remains, especially in the case of ships lying deeper in the water aft

Fall for free return of the oil. This kind of Therefore, lubrication is only affordable if the bearings are in a favorable location in the ship, and only then reliably applicable. Where such conditions do not exist, the lubricant supply is made by an additional circuit with an electrically driven pump. All will find in the Relevant technology known systems for maintaining operation, for example automatic Switchover of the pump to emergency power supply in the event of a power failure or to a Use a second pump if the pump is defective. It is obvious that all of these - necessary - measures are associated with high costs.

A solid lubricating ring for supplying a plain bearing with lubricant is already known (DE-PS 5 08 838), from the outer surface of which oil is wiped off by a scraper and fed to the bearing can. This lubricating ring has chambers, in which entered through an opening on the circumference

Oil taken from the oil sump and up to one Distribution channel in the upper area of the bearing shell is taken. At low speed, the Lubrication via the oil from the chambers, at higher speeds via the oil stripped from the lubricating ring.

It is also designed as a hollow ring solid lubricating ring known (GB-PS 3 67 205), which is similar Acts like the lubricating ring according to DE-PS 5 08 838, the chambers of which are also open towards the inside are, however, not formed with the help of the bearing shells.

Although both of the above-mentioned patents consist of a combination of a fixed lubricating ring with a wiper and chamber systems for scooping up the oil, there is a direction-independent delivery & lubricant in the lower and upper speed range, some features prevent the ideas from turning into in practice.

Both devices have oil scrapers with constant Play on. Such wipers have the property of low lubricant viscosity To add less oil to the camp, especially when it gets warmer and the camp is subject to greater agitation of the lubricant is required for cooling

Fixed lubrication rings, the chambers of which are open inward, can hardly deliver the lubricant to the apex of the bearing under "cruising conditions" (e.g. 1 revolution in 6 minutes). Either the oil seeps away due to the required minimum tolerances between the bearing shells and the fixed lubricating ring (DE-PS 5 08 838) or it runs back into the oil sump on the inner surface of the fixed lubricating ring (GB-PS 3 67 205).
Should the lubricant delivery at low rotational

numbers (DE-PS 5 08 838) function, is a very high one Costs for mechanical processing and assembly required. There must be at least four Aligned and machined surfaces on four parts Be that the mating surfaces do not allow oil to pass through, at the same time but do not eat at high speed.

oil control systems within slide bearings (GB-PS 3 67 205) require large housings and thus higher costs.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a solid lubricating ring of the type claimed, which is at Safe supply of the plain bearing with low cost without additional oil control systems Lubricant guaranteed at speeds from zero to 200 and more

This object is achieved according to the invention the means listed in the characterizing part of claim 1. Another advantageous embodiment of the Fixed lubricating ring is proposed in claims 2 and 3, which prevents * - «i standstill or slow revolutions of lubricant from the chambers on the edge of the solid lubricant ring into the oil sump can run back. The oil drips onto the top Liner and runs from there into the lubrication gap to build up the hydrodynamic lubricating film. the The chambers of the solid lubrication ring have lateral openings in the direction of the cylinder liner. With increasing speed the lubricant flows directly towards the center of the liner. At higher speeds, the takes over Stripper block the lubricant supply to the bearing. The one that floats on the fixed lubrication ring Klotz directs the oil that is pumped through the aesion on the circumference of the solid lubricating ring through the comical tapering flank on the liner.

The vertically movable arrangement of the scraper block provides the further advantage achieved with it in that the amount of lubricant stripped is independent of its temperature fluctuations The change in viscosity caused remains approximately constant, since, for example, when the viscosity falls due to increased temperature - d. H. reduced lubricant delivery - a small gap between Stripping block and fixed lubricating ring adjusts, thereby reducing the percentage of stripped Amount of lubricant to the funded grows * s

A particularly economical form of implementation the solid lubricating ring is the subject of claims 4 and 5.

A detailed example of the plain bearing with buckets The solid lubricating ring according to the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It shows

F i g. 1 shows a plain bearing with a fixed lubricating ring according to the invention in an axonometric representation cut out segment,

Fig. 2 a solid lubricating ring of a different design partially broken and shown axonometrically with a stripping block.

A shaft 2 penetrating a bearing housing 1 with outer seals and bushing 13 carries a fixed hinge ring 3 arranged between the outer seal IS and the bushing 13 341 are provided and are carried μ concentrically to the shaft axis. The chambers are formed by the annular space 31, which is divided by transverse webs 39. The oil inlet and outlet openings 341 lie parallel to one another in the side wall 34, that is to say the side wall 33 in the plane of the support web 32. They are arranged so that their distance to each of two transverse webs 39 or limiting Kanunerwänden in the circumferential direction is equal to the chamber wall 34 is made in a facing the shaft 2, the bottom 36 of the chambers 37 to a little superior and top of the outer surface 14 of the liner 13 circumferential drip edge 343 on, which is interrupted by a plurality of radial slots 344 is the apex 12 of the bearing housing 1 is located vertically out of yielding, one with its sliding surface 41 on the outer surface 35 of the solid lubricant ring 4. its sliding surface 41 has 3 floating Abstreiferklotz the form of an isosceles triangle, forms an angle of at least 30 ° and points with the tip 42 in the axial direction of the shaft 2 to the bushing 13.

For reasons of economical production of the solid lubricant ring whose cross-section can be formed in accordance with Figure 2 and are supported between an outer seal 15 and the bush min a horizontal leg 52 on the shaft. 2 Profile segments 58 made of a flexible plastic, for example by injection molding, are inserted into the annular space 51, which is radially delimited by the horizontal legs 56, and are connected to one another and to the fixed lubricating ring 50 by gluing.

As in Fig. 2 illustrates the solid lubricating ring forming the tread segments 38 by transverse webs 59 separated from each other and up to each of the open side of the annular space 51 50 facing the oil inlet openings 541 closed chambers 57. On the 541 opposite side wall 53 of the oil inlet openings of each chamber 57 is arranged an expansion fold 531, soft a Adaptation of the profile segment 58 to the respective radius of curvature determined by the diameter of the annular space 51 of the solid lubricating ring 50 and at the same time a change in the length of the chambers 57 to an integral fraction of the circumference of the annular space 51 enables the drip rim 343 in FIG. 1 corresponding drip edge 543 is assigned to the profile segment 58 with its design features and protrudes over the lower leg 56.

The operation of the lubricating ring is as follows:

The fixed lubrication ring 3, which is connected to the shaft 2, is immersed with part of its circumference located under the shaft 2 in an oil reservoir housed in the lower part of the bearing housing in such a way that the oil enters the chambers 37 via the lateral oil openings 341 below the oil level flows in While following the sequence of movements of a chamber 37 located at the lower apex of its orbit around the shaft 2, the latter emerges from the oil supply as the shaft rotates. Due to the increasing inclination of the chamber 37, the oil volume located in it collects more and more in the chamber part trailing in relation to the opening 341 , whereby part of the oil volume flows back through the opening 341 due to the lower volume of this chamber part compared to the chamber 37. about a third of the original fill quantity - in the chamber 37 inclined by 90 "during its passage through the horizontal center section plane of the shaft 2 now begins, caused by the inclination of the chamber 37 after an angle of rotation of the

Shaft 2 to flow out of approximately 110 ° by the oil discharge port 341, which operation on reaching the upper vertex of the circulating path of the chamber is closed 37, the oil runs on adhesion to the side wall 34 which lies under the opening 341 portion of the with notches 344 for preventing the Rück'aufes of oil in the oil reservoir is provided drip edge 343 to, passes therefrom to the äubere lateral surface 14 of the upper half of the bush 13 and is the located in the support surface of the liner 13 oil bags 131 supplied through their known training as opening into guide channels gutter this The process takes place at a slow speed, at which oil is usually not yet pumped around the circumference 50 of the fixed lubrication ring. At a higher speed, the chambers 57 are partially emptied by the centrifugal force 3 in the oil supply on its outer jacket 35, you will there The stripper block 4 is stripped off at the upper apex 12 of the bearing housing 1 and is likewise fed to the oil pockets 131 via the side wall 34 and the drip edge 343. At high speed of rotation of the shaft 2, the latter oil takes over the sole lubrication of the plain bearing, since the filling of the chambers 37 no longer takes place due to the shortness of their passage time through the oil supply Ventilation losses largely avoided.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Solid lubricating ring designed as a hollow ring for supplying a plain bearing with lubricant, especially for ship drive shafts, with side walls, one of which is supported on the shaft and the other protrudes over one end of the bushing of the plain bearing, and chambers formed by transverse webs between the side walls with a Opening for the entry of the lubricant and a lubricant wiper arranged in the area of its cylindrical outer jacket, characterized in that each chamber (37) is closed on all sides except for the lubricant inlet openings (341) which are arranged in a manner known per se in the side wall (34) overlapping the cylinder liner Cavity is formed and the lubricant wiper consists of a floating, sliding wiper block (4) with an essentially flat sliding surface (41) and inclined to the axial direction of the shaft (2), freely resting on the outer jacket (35) of the Fesischmierringes (SO) with its own weight angeor The wiping flanks (43) are made, the latter enclosing an angle of at least 30 degrees, the apex (42) of which faces the bushing (13). 2. Solid lubricating ring according to claim 1, characterized in that its side wall (34) protrudes over the bottom (36) of the chamber (37) of the shaft (2) forming a circumferential drip rim (343) 3. Solid lubricating ring according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the drip edge (343) is interrupted by radial incisions (344) 4. solid lubricating ring according to claim 1, characterized in that it has one to the liner has open by horizontal legs (56) radially limited annular space (51) in which of the open side chambers (57) forming profile segments (58) made of plastic, preferably a flexible thermoplastic, inserted or shrunk. 5. Fixed lubricating ring according to claim 4, characterized in that the profile segments (58) on the side wall (53) of the annular space (51) adjacent side are provided with an expansion fold (531) and the opposite, openings (541) in the form of interruptions having side wall (54), the inner horizontal leg (56) of the solid lubricating ring towards the shaft forming a drip edge (543) , protrudes.