DE2517610C2 - Central heating - Google Patents

Description

25 yl 610

3 4

is that the additional heating to cover the heat A major advantage of the invention is to be

the heat pump must not only see at very low levels that central heating has been created that

Replaces outside temperatures, but on the other hand already exploits the advantages of a heat pump, but on the other hand

relatively high outside temperatures, and on the other hand, their heat generation sensibly through study

the electrical energy consumed is reduced to the 5 oven-wise connection of an electrical heating

Low tariff time and the high tariff time is distributed throughout. Another advantage is that on the one hand one of

According to the invention, the above object is achieved by the desired electricity supply company

that the central heating has a water heater on base load that is connected to the power grid, that this

with several separately switchable lines, but mainly taken up by the heat pump.

is provided, io men and in the high tariff period only from the

that in the low tariff period from a certain upper water heater is consumed, if particularly

Outside temperature II, which is below 20 ⁰ C and above 0 ⁰ C, low outside temperatures prevail at which a

one of the performance levels of the instantaneous water heater with et heat pump only with a disproportionately high

wa ^X U to ³ Ia of the total output of the water heater wall could work.

is switched on, 15 It also shows that the nominal connection power that in the low tariff period is reduced by at least V3 below a certain central heating compared to conventional central lower outside temperature I all power levels of the heating.
In an embodiment of the invention, the flow pump is switched off, the heater has three power levels, with the 1st power level at a certain mean outside temperature 20, which switches on when the Wärnuyjmpe is switched off, III, which is below the upper outside temperature II and whose connected load corresponds to the other two is above the lower outside temperature I "or the power levels are preferably the same,
A development of the invention is characterized by the fact that the heat pump or when the heat pump is switched off, even when the flow temperature has caused the reduction in the connected load, for a certain period of time, the heat transfer medium has the same output level The temperature falls below the low tariff period by around 45 ° C, heat is also switched on in the high tariff period and more inert gas is withdrawn from the storage tank. This ensures that from a further mean outside temperature IV, that not only at an outside temperature that is between the certain upper outside temperature IV, for example 5 ° C, but also when suddenly he-II and the certain mean outside temperature III 30 increased heat demand from the hot water Storage tank is located, in the high tariff period and in the low tariff period, heat transfer medium taken from the storage tank is added to the flow water heated by the heat pump.

will. The central heating system is particularly easy to install the invention is achieved that above the tongue when the heat pump and the passage are determined Upper outside temperature II, for example 35 heaters and the necessary switching and connection 15 °, both during the high tariff period and when low fertilizers are integrated in one unit. this has tariff time only the heat pump works It also has the advantage of a space-saving sub-game mode a connected load of 5 kW. Below bring.

the determined upper outside temperature II works. An embodiment of the invention is in the In addition to the heat pump, a power level is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. This heats up the storage tank. From wrote. It shows

an average outside temperature IV, for example F i g. 1 the water-related structure of a central

5 ° C, is shown both in the high tariff period and in the heating system

Low tariff time that of the heat pump, only Fig. 2 shows the electrical circuit of the system

still insufficiently heated feed water of the 45 Fig. 1.

A heat pump 1 is connected on the output side with a mixes when the outside temperature drops below the specific heat exchanger 2. The heat pump 1 is below outside temperature I, for example 0 ⁰ C, or is in a known manner from an evaporator, a -15 ° C, then the heat pump is switched off because the compressor, a condenser and a throttle their operation is no longer economical here. In the 50 valve. The heat exchanger 2 is connected to the condenser high tariff time and a power stage of the through gate is now connected. The evaporator is switched on on the inlet side of the heater, whose connection value is acted upon by a heat transfer medium. In the present connection value corresponds to the heat pump. Of the Netherlands in the FnII as a heat carrier in particular the Umgedertarifzeit, however, the water heater is operating at ambient air, which via a schematically illustrated Kadieser outdoor temperature full with its performance. 55 nal 3 is supplied and discharged via a channel 4.

Instead of the complete shutdown of the heat exchanger 2, a opens on the outlet side

According to the invention, pump can also be used in a return line 5 of the central heating system. It is

determined mean outside temperature III, for example via a solenoid valve 6, a backflow preventer 7

between 0 and -15 ° C the at this temperature and a feed pump 8 connected to a feed line 9

for physical reasons in addition to the reduction 60 closed,

In addition, a reduction in the efficiency that occurs is switchable in several stages The electrical power consumed is thereby provided. On the input side be like that to maintain the desired level of this via a solenoid valve 11 on the return line Base load a corresponding power level of the 5 and is with the output of two consecutive flow heaters is switched on. 65 switched storage containers 12 and 13 connected. Of course If the switching on of the Wargang side hangs, the water heater 10 is about a mepump or the power levels of the continuous heating pump 14 connected to the storage tank 13 also depends on the actual heat demand. sen. Between the pump 14 and the pump 8 is a

Connection via a solenoid valve 15 and a solenoid valve 16 with an upstream backflow preventer 17 manufactured.

In the flow line 9 and the return line 5, as usual, a mixer 18 is provided.

The construction and installation of the central heating are simplified in that the essentials described Components 1, 2, 6-8, 10, 11, 14-17, are installed on a carrier 19.

In FIG. 2, the electrical actuation means of the components described are provided with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 wear. The circuit is between the ground pole Mp and the phase R of the AC network. During the low tariff period, the mains voltage is also applied to pole RN. An outside temperature sensor is provided via which four contacts 20, 21, 22 and 23 are closed according to the respective outside temperature by means of a controller (not shown in detail). At an outside temperature of 15 ° C, for example, contact 21 closes, if the temperature drops further at 5 ° C, contact 20 and at ⁰ ° C, contacts 22 and 23 Mistake. The power stage 10a is in series with the contact 21. The power stage 106 is in series with the contact 22. The contact 23 is followed by a winding 24 of a relay which has two break contacts 25 and 26 and three make contacts 27, 28 and 29. The contact 25 is in front of the compressor of the heat pump 1 and the solenoid valve 6. The contact 26 is between the circulating pump 14 and the parallel solenoid valve 11 and the contact 21. The contact 27 is followed by the power stage 10c of the water heater. The contact 28 is in front of the circulation pump 14 and the solenoid valve 11. The contact 29 is in series with the solenoid valve 16.

A temperature sensor is provided in the preliminary line 9, one contact 30 closes when the flow temperature falls below 45 ° C. Contact 30 lies in front of the winding 31 of another relay which has a contact 32. This contact is parallel to contact 20. The parallel connection of contact 20 and contact 32 is followed by the solenoid valve 15.

In addition, phase R is followed by a switch-on contact 33 and phase RN is followed by a switch-on contact 34. Feed pump 8, contact 25, contact 20, contact 30, contact 32, contact 23 and contacts 27 to 29 are connected to contact 33. Contacts 21 and 22 are located on switch-on contact 34.

The mode of operation of the arrangement described is as follows when there is a heat requirement:

1. If the outside temperature is over 15 ° C, they are Contacts 20 to 23 open. The heat pump 1 is working, the solenoid valve 6 is open and the feed pump 8 running This applies to both the high tariff period and the low tariff period

2. When the outside temperature is between 15 ° C and 5 ° C the switching status described under item 1 does not change during the high tariff period. In the low tariff period In addition, the power stage 10a, as well as the circulating pump 14 via the closed contact 26 switched on and the solenoid valve 11 opened. The power stage 10a of the water heater 10 is heated now the storage container 12,13.

3. At a temperature between 5 ° C and 0 ⁰ C in addition of the contact 20. This closes the solenoid valve 15 is opened is now the heated water from the heat pump 1 hot water added from the storage tanks 12,13. During the low tariff period, the power stage 10a and the circulating pump 14 work as described under point 2.

4. When the outside temperature is below ⁰ ° C., contacts 22 and 23 are closed in addition to contacts 20 and 21. By closing the contact 23, the contacts 25 and 26 are opened via the relay winding 24 and the contacts 27, 28 and 29 are closed. The heat pump 1 is thereby switched off and the solenoid valve 6 closes. It is now - also in the high tariff period - instead of the heat pump 1, the power stage 10c connected, which has the same electrical connection value as the heat pump 1. The solenoid valves 11 and 16, like the solenoid valve 15, are open. Pumps 8 and 14 are running. During the low tariff period, the power levels 10a and 106 are also switched on via the closed contacts 21 and 22. The entire heating takes place by means of the flow heater.

Regardless of the outside temperature, if the temperature of the supply water Falls below 45 ° C, contact 30 is closed. Maintains this low flow temperature for some time, for example more than 5 minutes, then the contact 32 closes so that the solenoid valve 15 is opened and thus hot water from the storage tanks is added to the flow.

The following is a general estimate of the connection relationships:

If one assumes, for example, a 24-hour heat requirement corresponding to 360 kWh, then the heat pump needs an electrical energy of 120 kWh based on a performance figure of 3 without taking into account the overall efficiency of the heat pump, the heat pump must therefore have a connection power of 5 kW. In order to achieve a base load during the heating period, the output level 10c, which works below 0 ⁰ C instead of a heat pump during the high tariff period, also has an output of 5 kW. If a heat requirement of 360 kWh below 0 ⁰ C has to be covered by the water heater alone, then after deducting the 24-hour energy of power level 10c, another 240 kWh must be applied in storage mode. Assuming an 8-hour low tariff period, this means that output levels 10a and 106 must have a total output of 30 kW. Each of the power levels 10a and 10 £> preferably has half this power, that is to say 15 kW. In total, the water heater has a connected power of 35 kW.

If one compares this connection value of 35 kW with the connection value that a central heating system would have to have, which only works during an 8-hour low tariff period (45 kW), then the result is that the connection power of the central heating system according to the invention is reduced _{by about V 3}

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (11)

1 2 the claims, characterized in that the 1st claims: power level is divided into two power levels, one of which when reducing the heat 1. Central heating with the heat pump and the power consumed by the electric pump is switched on. Additional heating is switched on, with a PE being switched on in addition to the heat pump from a certain un- 5 and the other when the heat pump is switched off
Storage tank of a heat transfer medium heat lie- 12. Central heating system according to one of the preceding, characterized in that the central heating system also has a water heater (10) when the flow temperature of the heat transfer medium has several separately switchable io gers via a a certain period of time about 45 ° C below the power levels (10a, IQb, IQc) is provided. Heat transfer medium from the memory (12, 13) that in the low tariff period from a certain upper limit is taken. Ren outside temperature II, which is below 20 ⁰ C and above 13th central heating according to one of the previous 0 ° C, one of the power levels (10a,) of the claims, characterized in that the heater (10) with about ^X U up to ³ A »of the entire line 15 heat pump (1) and the water heater (10) so that the water heater (10) is switched on, as are the necessary switching and connecting means that in the low tariff period below a certain (2, 6, 7, 8 , 11, 14, 15, 16, 17) in a structural unit th lower outside temperature I all power levels are integrated.
(10a, 106, 10ς> of the water heater (10) are switched on and the heat pump is switched off, 20 that at a certain mean outside temperature III, which is below the upper outside temperature II and is above the lower outside temperature I. The invention relates to a central heating system with heat or the same, with a reduction in the primary pump and additional electrical heating, with a certain lower temperature in addition to switching when the heat pump (1) switches off or when it cuts out the heat pump Q \ a the reduction heat pump a storage tank of a heat transfer of the connected load, for example, supplies heat stungsstufe (10c,) both in the low tariff period as such a central heating is in the US-PS is also switched on in the high tariff period and is described in 27 23 083. In US-PS 27 23 083 are a that from a further mean outside temperature 30 heat pump and a heat accumulator are provided, the IV, which between the specific upper external element means that cannot be switched on separately, electrical heating temperature II and the determined mean outside temperature is to be charged. temperature IH is in the high tariff period and in the dependency on the storage tank temperature regardless of the tariff time heat transfer medium from the storage tank the room temperature and the outside temperature (12,13) is taken. 35 switches On switching on the radiator while the heater is running 2. Central heating according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pump is prevented. The outside temperature indicates that the outside temperature I at 0 ⁰ C detecting thermostat is not provided. In addition, is in US-PS 27 23 083 a heating power distribution 3. Central heating according to claim 1, characterized in accordance with the low tariff uT-u denotes the high tariff, that the outside temperature I at 40 times is not provided. -15 ° C. In US-PS 27 23 083 the heat storage supports 4. Central heating according to claim 3, characterized ge rather the heat pump does not indicate that the outside temperature III at 0 ⁰ C outside temperatures at relatively high. Rather, the heat storage should only be switched on in extremely cold weather. 5. Central heating according to one of the preceding 45 In the reference H. Rietschels "textbook of claims, characterized in that the outdoor heating and ventilation technology", 13th edition, Berlin / Göttintemperatur II at + 15 ⁰ C Hegt gene / Heidelberg, 1958, page 234, it is mentioned that 6. Central heating according to one of the preceding an uneconomical heat pump operation avoid claims, characterized in that the outside lets by the heat pump only at the numerical temperature IV is 5 ° C. 50 predominantly heating days with temperatures above 7. Central heating according to one of the preceding 0 ⁰ C is used and at lower outside temperature claims, characterized in that the power level switched to the heating water heating partially or fully outside temperature II is constantly transferred to a boiler system. Suggestions (10a,) is about half of the total performance. to realize this idea are mentioned in the 8. Central heating according to one of the preceding 55 references not included. In addition, it is extremely uneconomical to keep a boiler system all year round below the outside temperature I all that are switched on to cover the entire maximum output levels (10a, 106, OK) . len heat demand must be dimensioned, and this 9. Use central heating after one of the preceding only on a very few days a year.
Claims, characterized in that the through-60 When designing new heating systems, the heaters (10) have three power levels (10a, 106, 10c,) in addition to the economic efficiency in terms of operation, with the 1st power level (10ς) the additional and acquisition costs Requirements to switch off the heat pump switches on, pay attention to them. So it is desirable that the connected load corresponds to the connected load. the central heating decrease and a 24 hour 10. Central heating according to claim 9, thereby ensuring base load over approx. 200 heating days,
indicates that the two other performance levels, the task of the invention is to propose a central heating system for the fen (10a, lObj are of the same size 11. Central heating works according to one of the previous heat pumps, which are only designed as strong