DE2461706A1 - METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING REINFORCED PROFILES BY A DRAWING PROCESS (PULTRUSION) AND DEVICE FOR EXECUTING THE METHOD - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. H. MITSCHERLICH Ο —8 MONKS 22

Dipl.-Ing. K. GUNSCHMANN Steinsdorfstrasse 10

Π .. VA / Lr / SOBCD 'S »(089) -29 66 84

Dr. rer. not. W. KORBER

DW..I.,. J. SCHM ₁ DT-EVERs December 27, 1974

PATENT LAWYERS

DIRECTED BY NATIONALE DES USINES RENAULT 8710 Avenue Emile Zola
Billancourt (Seine) France

and

AUTOMOBILE PEUGEOT

75, Avenue de la Grande Arme "e Paris / France

Patent application

Process for the production of reinforced profiles by a drawing process ('pultrusion') and device to carry out the procedure

The invention relates to curved profiles for energy absorption Made of reinforced plastic with reinforcements that work in one direction, especially as bumpers or body reinforcements for motor vehicles, to the process for their production and to the device for carrying out the production process.

It is well known that pre-impregnated polyester material is popular

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used to manufacture parts that have high impact resistance. Hence certain forms of ■ motor vehicle bumpers, which are used as "protective shields" are called, made of a woven or non-woven support material made of glass fibers, which with a Duroplast material, e.g. an epoxy resin or polyester material, is impregnated.

If such profiles have a complicated shape, they are made by a compression molding process; the but has the disadvantage that an expensive, discontinuous system must be used.

If the profile shape allows it, you can create a straight profile by extrusion or by a drawing process ('pultrusion *) and cut the required lengths.

The latter process, which is particularly interesting because of the possibility of continuous production, "was so far, however, limited to the production of linear components and could therefore not be used for the production of a bumper string, the one of the front of the motor vehicle shows a correspondingly curved course or otherwise is curved, such as door panels or roofs, etc. can be used.

The invention is concerned with the manufacture of energy absorbing Profiles made of reinforced plastic by a drawing process, these profiles for example a bumper show a curvature corresponding to that of the front of the vehicle (in plan); the Invention is explained with reference to the drawings, which show the following in detail:

1 shows a perspective assembly drawing according to which

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the bumper assembly according to the invention in a energy-absorbing arrangement is installed on a motor vehicle;

2 shows a section through the profile obtained;

Fig, 3 and M- the entire system for drawing a profile in side view and in plan;

5 and 6 the former section in perspective Opinion;

igp 7 a detail from the drive of the device.

From FIGS. 1 and 2 it can be seen that the middle strand, the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 2, has a distinct bend in the horizontal plane. This strand is attached to the front, reinforced part of the vehicle chassis or the vehicle body with the help of elements 2, which are made of semi-hard or soft, foamed or non-foamed plastic material, such as polyurethane, rubber, polyethylene, etc., by a molding process. The bumper corners are connected to the body by similar elements 3. The various elements 2 and 3 serve as additional energy absorbers and for reinforcement; they have parts with which they can be rigidly attached to the bumper string, and pins, tabs or different brackets for their attachment to the vehicle can be adapted to the desired style of the vehicle.

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The strand is composed of several elements and is thus adapted to the loads to which it is to be exposed. Fig, 2 shows that the front Section 20, which is said to be compressible and shearable, essentially from one in many directions effective reinforcement 21 formed from glass fiber, e.g. glass fiber mat or glass fiber fabric, which through Glass staple fiber bottom and some threads 22 running in the longitudinal direction of the strand are reinforced.

This structure is intended to have mechanical properties in the direction perpendicular to the reinforcements effective in one direction can be achieved that result in minimum values of

2 2

1000 kp / mm for the modulus of elasticity, 15 kp / mm for the

Flexural strength and 15 kp, cm / cm for bulk impact strength to lead.

On the other hand, the sections 2 3 stressed by impact to tension consist of reinforcements effective in one direction, for example made of staple glass fiber rivet running in the longitudinal direction of the Strand runs.

This results in mechanical properties in the longitudinal

2 direction, which is at least equal to 2000 kp / mm for the

2
modulus of elasticity, 40 kp / mm for the bending strength and

40 kp / cm for the volume impact strength.

The bumpers described here are based on the following produced in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4 to be described plant.

The various impregnated carrier materials already mentioned above are unwound, with the threads coming from the bobbins 30 and the mats from the drum

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In a manner known per se, these carrier materials are fed into an impregnation tank 32, the movement path being determined by a number of guide rollers; From the tank outlet, the carrier material runs through the former section of the system, which consists of a sliver guide 33, the former 34 and the extrusion tool 35. These individual parts are shown in detail in perspective in FIGS. 5 and 6, from which it can be seen that the threads or runners emanating from the reels 30 and coming out of the tank 32 are essentially concentrated on the ends of the bumper cross-section and form the parts 23 from FIG. 2, while some threads 2 2 are also guided into the area of the front section of the profile » The tape unwound from the drum 31 and emerging from the tank 32 appears in the opening of the sliver guide, which brings it properly to the locations of the openings 52-53 of the forming devices 34, in which it is brought together with the threads or slivers coming from the bobbins 30 will. The piece put together on this white is ^{heated up to the core to approximately 100 °} C. while it moves on its path; high-frequency heating devices 36, which cause heating as a result of the dielectric losses, are used for heating. This process activates the catalyst in the impregnation resin as a result of the decomposition of the peroxides, such as benzoyl peroxide, and the release of free radicals; the crosslinking reaction of the plastic material used is initiated, which can be polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy resins and the like; the shaping devices 34, which cause the gradual deformation of the components forming the profile, must consist of an insulating material that is practically free of dielectric losses in order to exclude high-frequency heating in the mass of the shaping elements »

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For this reason, polytetrafluoroethylene is expediently used (Trade name "Teflon") or a similar plastic material is used.

The final shaping of the layer material takes place in the shaping tool which can be seen in great detail in FIG. 6 35. This tool consists of two metal parts 6 0-61 which are connected to one another in a manner known per se and determine a profile 62 that corresponds to that of the finished bumper assembly. It is very important, to hold, as shown in FIG. 6, that the shaping volume delimited by the shaping tool does not represent a straight bumper string, but that there is an arc of constant radius, the radius in the case of the manufacture of bumpers for a motor vehicle taking values between 1.5 and 6 m can.

According to a procedure known per se, the plastic compound entering is still at the entrance to the shaping tool 35 in the semi-liquid state and partially hardens as it progresses in the optionally heated molding tool the end.

Since the reaction is exothermic, the temperature of the plastic material rises to approximately 200 ⁰ C anj whereby curing at the output of shaper tool 35 is completed.

Nevertheless, at the temperature mentioned and depending on the material used, a certain flexibility can be achieved until it cools down of the finished curved profile remain "

The following section of the device relates to the drive and the cutting to length of the continuously created profile, which from the forming tool between

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two free-running guide rollers 37 passes through which should avoid a sudden lateral kinking of the profile when exiting the forming tool »

At least two pairs are used to move the profile Gripping jaws 3 8 - 39 alternately clamp the curved profile and guide it out of the shaping tool out »They are articulated with radial arms 41 at a fixed point 0; the length of the arms corresponds to the radius of curvature of the profile ».

Each gripper jaw is driven to reciprocate an angular distance oC; the Winkelweg corresponds to the unit distance traveled by the profile; further the gripper jaws perform opening and closing movements at the end or * at the beginning of a section of the path »

Therefore, the gripping jaw, which is attached to the forming tool, closes nearest end of its angular path is around the profile; he opens when he does that has reached the other end of its angular path.

Remains during the entire clockwise walk the closing jaw is thus closed and therefore takes the profile with it; However, if he is mathematically positive When the senses are panned, it is open and therefore touches not the profile mentioned.

The same applies to the gripping jaw 39 with the difference that it behaves in phase opposition to the gripping jaw 38, so that it carries the profile with it when the gripping jaw 38 is open, and conversely that it is open when the gripping jaw 38 takes over the movement of the profile. This creates a practically continuous transport of the curved profile outside of the shaping tool.

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The reciprocating movement is caused by the device shown in detail in FIG.

The radial arm Hl, which can be rotated to and fro by an angle 1 (X about the point 0, carries two elements 71-72 of a gripping jaw 38-39, which are intended to clamp and pull the profile 70 with it. A knee joint arrangement 73, known per se, controls the closing movement of the jaws. At the outer end of the radial arm Hl there are rollers that rest on a support rail 75, as well as a device for coupling to the chain 76 at the lower part of this outer end (see also Fig. 5); the coupling consists of a finger that is in the chain is latched when a remote-controlled working cylinder 7H actuates the finger at the right time.

During the operation of the system, at the beginning of the transport process performed by one of the gripping jaws 38-39 In a first point in time, the coupling of the device by activating the working cylinder 7H and latching the Fingers into the chain 76. As a result, the radial arm Hl begins its clockwise and clockwise rotation runs through the angular path oC.

Then, as long as the gripping jaw is still practically at the end of its path of movement closest to the pressing tool 35, the knee joint arrangement 73 will die Enclosure of the profile made.

During the entire angular path (X. the profile is thus transported. At the moment of the release of the profile at the end of the transport, the gripper jaw is first used caused to open and then released from the chain.

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In the meantime there is the other one, working out of phase Gripper jaws in the initial position for its transport movement. It should also be noted that the repatriation des Radialazms Ul to the beginning of the transport cycle in known manner with (mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic etc.), rapid traverse devices are carried out

Finally, the continuous profile is in the following Way cut into suitable lengths:

The free end of the profile advances until there is a probe head 55 ^, the position of which can be changed according to the length required for the bumper.

At this moment a signal is given to the separating block 5 6, de'r how the gripping jaws 38 and 3 9 is on the one hand moved on an arc and on the other hand can move away from the profile or enclose it. When the signal arrives at him, he clamps the profile and accompanies it on its angular path Ck. , while a saw, not shown, cuts off the profile piece. At the end of the angular movement, this process is completed and the separating block releases the profile 42 and. at the same time returns to its starting position in the immediate vicinity of the gripping jaw 39, while the profile piece 42 is ejected.

Expectations:

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Claims (1)

Expectations 1 »Method of manufacturing reinforced profiles that used in particular as bumpers on motor vehicles are, by a drawing process, after which glass threads or glass staple fiber! below and at least one woven or non-woven tape through an impregnating agent be drawn, which is a polyester, a vinyl ester, an epoxy resin or another thermosetting synthetic resin as well as a catalyst which can be activated by heat, then the impregnated carrier materials be guided by a sliver guide, which it controls the positions of the openings of two formers and thereby pre-determines the profile shape, while in this area the crosslinking reaction of the plastic material by activation of the catalyst as a result of up to heating of the profile by means of a high-frequency device that exploits the dielectric losses is initiated, characterized in that the prepared profile his final shape and deflection obtained when passing through a shaping tool (35) of suitable profiling, whose inner path lies on a curved line of constant radius of curvature, and that the profile outside of the former tool C35) by gripping jaw devices (38, 39) is pulled, which perform an angular movement up to a separating device (56), separates the sections of the appropriate length from the profile strand, 50 98 28/0988 - li - 2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that glass thread (22) or glass staple fiber slats and at least one woven one or non-woven glass fiber mat removed from supply rolls (30, 31) and over guide rolls into one with Impregnant-filled tank (32) and then pulled through a sliver guide C3 3), the openings in a Has distribution that the spatial arrangement and the Concentration of threads or slivers in the band is determined, and then in from a practically dielectric lossless material existing forming tools (3f, 35) are guided, which have an opening whose Shape corresponds to the cross-section of the profile to be produced, with the profile in the area of the tools With the help of a high frequency device (3 6) caused by dielectric losses heating up to The core is subjected to its final form and its Bending when passing through a forming tool 05) receives corresponding profiling, the inner shape of a Has a bend with a constant radius of curvature, and that the profile outside the shaping tool (35) is pulled by gripping jaws (38, 39) which perform an angular movement, the profile of a separating device (56) is fed, which cuts off sections of the appropriate length and leads away. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two gripping jaw devices (38, 39) on • pivotable brackets (41) are provided, which their Movement on a curved, the deflection of the shock 509828/0988 Rod-adapted paths cause or »a back and forth movement of a given amplitude that this movement by periodically coupling said pivotable holder (41) to an endless chain (76), then Uncoupling and rapid return of the brackets to their Initial position is brought about under the influence of known return devices, the gripping jaws (38, 39) clamp the profile as long as the holder (Hl) is coupled to the endless chain (76), and on the other hand are open during the rapid return to the initial position, and that one of the gripping jaws is coupled and the profile moves with it, while the other gripper jaw carries out the rapid return phase when it is released Profile goes through. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that that the per se known separating device is arranged on a swivel bracket and with a back and reciprocation of a predetermined amplitude on a curved one adapted to the radius of curvature of the finished profile Path moves, this movement in the same way as that of the gripping jaws by periodic coupling the swivel bracket to an endless chain, then Decoupling and rapid return to the initial position is brought about, and that a device is provided is that the profile during the coupling phase of the bracket cuts and releases it and ejects it when the bracket moves back in rapid traverse. 5. Object, manufactured according to the procedure according to 509828/0988 Proverb 1, characterized in that it consists of a composite, curved strand, the front section (20) of which consists essentially of one in many directions acting-woven or non-woven reinforcement (21), made of fiberglass od is impregnated with a thermosetting resin, but reinforced by some threads (22) arranged in the longitudinal direction of the strand, while the edges (23) of the strand, to absorb the tensile forces, consist essentially of reinforcements acting in one direction, for example Glass staple fiber bottoms that run in the longitudinal direction of the strand *. Motor vehicle bumpers manufactured according to Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the central strand other vehicle with the help of central blocks (2) and End blocks (3) made of 'soft or semi-soft, foamed or non-foamed synthetic material is attached, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the strand is, the overall arrangement with a component (lO) can be clad from flexible, pressed synthetic material. 7. Reinforcement parts for driving and eugkaros series, manufactured according to the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it corresponds to the shape of the checkered series component that you are supposed to reinforce · are arched ο The · patent attorney '■ 50 9 8 28/0988