DE2450716A1 - Hochtemperaturschmiermittel fuer die warmverformung von metallen - Google Patents
Hochtemperaturschmiermittel fuer die warmverformung von metallenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2450716A1 DE2450716A1 DE19742450716 DE2450716A DE2450716A1 DE 2450716 A1 DE2450716 A1 DE 2450716A1 DE 19742450716 DE19742450716 DE 19742450716 DE 2450716 A DE2450716 A DE 2450716A DE 2450716 A1 DE2450716 A1 DE 2450716A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- graphite
- temperature lubricant
- suspension
- high temperature
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical class O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VPSZKCCWOGZNLS-CFYXSCKTSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C.CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC VPSZKCCWOGZNLS-CFYXSCKTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002599 Smear Layer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920013820 alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical group COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/02—Carbon; Graphite
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/22—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
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- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/24—Compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
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- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
- C10M143/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing butene
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- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
- C10M143/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing aromatic monomer, e.g. styrene
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- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
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- C10M145/40—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
- C10M2201/0423—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride used as base material
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/105—Silica
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
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- C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
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- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
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- C10M2209/062—Vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acids, e.g. vinyl acetate
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- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
- C10M2209/0845—Acrylate; Methacrylate used as base material
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- C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
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- C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
- C10M2209/0863—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid used as base material
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- C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
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- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/044—Polyamides
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- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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Description
PATEN TANWALTE
DlpWng. P. WIRTH · Dr. V. SCH MI ED-KOWARZIK
DlpL-lng. G. DANNENBERG · Dr. P. WEINHOLD · Dr. D. GUDEL
281134 6 FRANKFURT AM MAIN
TELEFON <06in
287014 GR. ESCHENHEIMER STRASSE
L.P. 1126/1138
LON-ZA. AG, Gampel/Vallis
(Geschäfts!eLtung: Base!)
Schweiz
Hochtemperaturschmiermittel für die Warmverformung
von Met 0.13. en
609848/0933
_ 2 —
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hochtemperaturschiniermittel für
die Warmverformung von Metallen.
Es ist bekannt, Gemische aus Graphit und öl anzuwenden. Bei
der Anwendung solcher Produkte erfolgt eine Zersetzung der öle» was sich nicht nur nachteilig auf die Materialeigenschaften
von Werkzeug und Werkstücken auswirkt, sondern durch die Zersetzungsprodukte der Öle auch zu unzumutbaren Belästigungen
der Umwelt führt.
Es wurde beispielsweise vorgeschlagen, eine genau definierte Mischung von Alkalisulfat, Borax, Kaliumchlorid, ITatriumtriacetat
und Graphit, gegebenenfalls zusammen mit weiteren Zusätzen, in Form einer wässrigen Dispersion als Hochtemperatur
schmiermittel für die spanlose Metallumformung .anzuwenden
(DAS 2.04G.727). Damit soll erreicht werden, daß für den Einsatz
in der Warmverformung von Metallen eine flüssige Schmelze, dje notwendig sein soll, vorhanden ist.
Es ist auch bekannt, einen Hochtemperaturschmierstoff aus einem Schmelzprodukt von Phosphaten und Boraten der Alkalimetalle
und gegebenenfalls des Zinks und/oder Aluminiums und einem Zusatz von weiteren Komponenten zur Warmverformung von Metallen
herzustellen (DAS 2.154.232).
Schließlich wurde ein festes Schmiermittel, bestehend hauptsächlich
aus Graphit oder Wolframdisulfid und Natriumfluorid,
vorgeschlagen. Das Schmiermittel soll zweckmäßig in Pastenform angewandt werden (DAS 2.028.804).
Auch Salzschmelzen konnten aber, insbesondere bei der Herstellung
nahtloser Rohre auf sogenannten Pilgerstraßen oder Kontistraßen, nicht immer voll befriedigen.
509848/0933
Bei den Hochtemperaturverformungsverfahren entstehen sehr
hohe Temperaturen, wodurch die Viskosität solcher Schmelzen soweit sinkt, daß die'Tragfähigkeit des Schmierfilms keine
ausreichende Schmierung mehr gewährleistet.
Ziel der Erfindung ist es, die genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden. -
Erfindungsgemäß wird das mit einem Hochtemperaturschiniermittel
erreicht, bestehend aus:
a) 10 bis 90 % Graphit
b) 2 bis 60 % Alkylenpolymerisate oder -mischpolymerisate
- c) 0,2 bis 8 % Suspensionshilfsmittel und gegebenenfalls
d) 2 bis 40 % Filmstabilisator
Nach einer, speziellen Ausführungsforin, die beispielsweise
für die Verwendung an Profilwalzen bei Temperaturen von rund 9000C besonders gut geeignet ist, hat das Hochtempcraturschmiermittel
die folgende Zusammensetzung:
a) 35 bis 90 % Graphit
b) 2 bis 60 % Alkylenpolymerisate oder -mischpolymerisate
c) 0,2 bis 8 % Suspensionshilfsmittel- . .
d) 2 bis 40 % Filmstabilisator
Das Hochtemperaturschmiermittel kann auch ohne Filmstabilisator
verwendet werden und hat in dem Falle bevorzugt die Zusammensetzung:
a) 10 bis 90 % Graphit
b) 2 bis 45 % Alkylenpolymerisat oder -mischpolymerisat
c) 0,5 bis 8 % Suspensionshilfsiüittel
S09848/0933
Das Hochtemperaturschmierinittel wird so hergestellt, daß man Graphit, Alkylenpolymerisat oder -mischpolymerisat. Suspensions-hilfsmittel
und gegebenenfalls Filmstabilisator, wobei die Mengenanteile 10 bis 90 % Graphit, 2 bis 6C % Alkylenpolymerisat
oder -mischpolymerisat und 0,2 bis 8 % Suspensionshilfsmittel betragen, trocken vermischt, oder indem man Graphit
in eine wässrige Suspension eines Alkylenpolymerisats oder -mischpolymerisats und eines Dispergiermittels einbringt,
wobei der Feststoffanteil aus 10 bis 90 % Graphit, 2 bis 4-5 %
Alkylenpolymerisat oder -mischpolymerisat und 0,5 bis 8 % Dispergiermittel besteht. Zweckmäßig wird der trockenen oder
wässrigen Mischung zusätzlich ein Filmstabilisator in Mengen von 2 bis 4-0 % zugemischt.
Unmittelbar vor der Verwendung wird das Hochtemperaturschmiermittel
in Wasser suspendiert, derart, daß eine wässrige Suspension mit einem Feststoffgehalt von 5 bis 80 % entsteht.
Die Alkylenpolymerisate oder -mischpolymerisate werden zweckmäßig nach dem Emulsions-Polymerisationsverfahren hergestellt.
Beispielsweise können die Polymerisate oder Mischpolymerisate von Vinylestern, vorzugsweise Vinylestern mit bis zu 16 Kohlenstoffatomen,
wie z.B. Vinylacetat, Vinylpropionat, Vinyllaurat, von Allylestern, vorzugsweise mit bis zu 16, insbesondere bis
zu 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, von Mono- oder Diolefinen, vorzugsweise mit bis zu 5 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Aethylen, Butadien,
der Acrylsäure und ihren Estern, vorzugsweise mit bis zu 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, der Acrylsäure und ihren Estern, vorzugsweise
mit bis zu 8 Kohlenstoffatomen mit Copolymeren des Styrols, des Styrols mit Copolymeren und der ungesättigten Dicarbonsäureester,
vorzugsweise mit bis zu 8, insbesondere bis zu 4 Kohlenstoffatomen,
wie Maleinsäureester, wie z.B. Maleinsäuredimethyl- und -diäthylester angewendet werden.
Als Filmstabilisator werden zweckmäßig Natriumsilikate, Boroxide, Phosphate, Kieselsäure allein oder in Gemischen
untereinander angewendet.
S09848/0933
Um einen optimalen Schmiereffekt zu erzielen, soll■zweckmäßigerweise
ein trockener Schmierfilm vorliegen. Die wässrige, das Schmiermittel enthaltende Suspension wird zweckmäßig auf an
sich "bekannte Weise, wie Aufsprühen oder Aufstreichen, auf das
heiße Werkzeug oder Werkstück aufgebracht; dabei verdampft das Wasser und durch Schmelzen "bildet das Polymerisat oder Mischpolymerisat
einen zahviskosen stabilen Film. Die Filmdicke beträgt zweckmäßig 0,05 bis 1,0 mm, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 0,2 mm.
In diesem PiIm orientieren sich die Graphitteilchen, aufgrund
ihrer Struktur, plattchenförmig gleichmäßig über die ganze
Oberfläche. Zu Beginn des Bearbeitungsprozesses schwimmt das Werkstück gewissermaßen auf dem Polymerfilm. Schließlich brennt
das Polymerisat oder Mischpolymerisat sauber ab. Der Abbrand erzeugt ein Gaspolster, das die Trennung zwischen den Reibflächen
unterstützt* Gleichzeitig ergibt der Graphit eine tragfähige '!'renn- und Schmierschicht, die bei lokaler Oberbelastung
und dadurch verursachtem Abreißen des hydrodynamisch v/irkenden Schmelzfilms und besonders bei Spitzentemperaturen
während des Prozesses wirksam wird.
Durch den Abbrand der erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzstoffe ist anzunehmen,
daß eine Art Schutzatmosphäre zwischen Werkzeug und Werkstück entsteht, die den Abbrand von Graphit bei höheren
Temperaturen verzögert.
Der im erfindungsgemäßen Hochtemperaturschmiermittel angewandte
Graphit weist zweckmäßig eine Korngröße bis höchstens 300 /um und eine Reinheit von wenigstens 96 %, vorzugsweise
eine Korngröße bis 100 /um und eine Reinheit.von 99>5 % auf.
Das zur Anwendung gelangende Suspensionshilfsmittel ist ein
Polysaccharide eine Alkylcellulose, beispielweise Methylcellulose,
oder ein Alginat. Es kann auch vorteilhaft ein Netzmittel in geringen Mengen zur Suspension zugegeben
werden. · -
609848/0933
245Q716
Dem erfindungsgemäßen Hochtemperaturschmiermittel können
gegebenenfalls noch Zusätze wie mikrobiologische Hilfsstoffe und Oxidationsinhibitoren-in geringen Mengen beigemischt werden.
Das erfindungsgemäße Hochtemperaturschmiermittel kann grundsätzlich
zur spanlosen Metallumformung angewendet werden, beispielsweise in Gesenkschmieden. Eine bevorzugte Anwendungsform
ist die Schmierung des Dornes bei der Herstellung von nahtlosen Rohren, beispielsweise auf sogenannten Pilger-,
Konti- ode?.· MPM-Straßen.
Eine bevorzugte Anwendungsform insbesondere des einen
stabilisator enthaltenden crfindnngsgemäßen Hochtemperaturschmiermittels
sind Profilwalzen« Auch bei den dabei auftretenden Temperaturen von 900°C und mehr ist der Schmierfilm
stabil und wirksam.
Beispiel Λ
In eine wässrige Dispersion eines Vinylacetat-dibutylmaleinatpolymerisatgemisches
und eines Polysaccharides wird Graphit in Mengen eingetragen, daß sich eine Endkonzentration von
12 % Graphit
28 % Vinylacetat-Dibutylmaleinatpolymerisatgemisch
0,5 % Polysaccharid
59 % Wasser
59 % Wasser
ergibt. Die Suspension kann auf übliche Weise durch Aufsprühen oder Aufstreichen auf das Werkzeug oder Werkstück
aufgebracht werden. Nach dem Abdampfen des Wassers bleibt ein S1Um des Hochtemperaturschmiermittels auf der behandelten
Oberfläche zurück.
509848/0933
Die Komponenten des Eochtemperaturschmiermittels, 69,4- %
Graphit, 29,7 % Aethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymerisat und 0,9 % eines Polysaccharide werden trocken gemischt. Unmittelbar vor
der "Verwendung wird eine Suspension mit Wasser hergestellt, wobei die Feststoffmenge auf 50 % des Gesamtgewichtes der
Suspension gestellt wird. Auf die gleiche beschriebene Weise wird das Hochtemperaturschmiermittel in Suspension auf das
Werkzeug oder Werkstück aufgetragen.
Beispiel 3 ■
Einer wässrigen Dispersion eines Polyisobutylenpoiymerisates
wird ein Polysaccharide Kolloid-Kieselsäure, wässrige Natriumsilikatlösung
von Be 33/4-0 und Graphit beigemischt so, daß sich folgende Konzentration ergibt:
20 % Graphit
5 % Pol.yisobutylenpolymerisat
4 % Kolloid-Kieselsäure
10 % Natriumsilikatlösung
10 % Natriumsilikatlösung
2 % Polysäccharid
59 % Wasser
59 % Wasser
Diese Suspension kann auch auf das Werkstück oder iormgut aufgetragen werden. Die Filmstabilisatormischung ergibt einen
gleichmäßigen, optimal wirkenden Schmierfilm auch bei den üblichen angewendeten Umformungstemperaturen, beispielsweise
beim Profilwalzen, von bis über 9000C.
609848/0933
245071B
Beispiel 4
Die folgenden Komponenten werden in pulvriger Form trocken miteinander innig vermischt oder vermählen;
59 % Graphit
19 % Acryl-Styrol-Mischpolymerisat
6 % Kolloid-Kieselsäure
13 % JTatriumsilikat
13 % JTatriumsilikat
3 % Polysaccharid
Am Anwendung?; ort, kurz vor dem Gebrauch wird das l'rocken£,elüisch
in die gleiche Menge Wasser eingerührt, se daß eine Suspension mit 50 % Feststoffgehalt entsteht. Die Suspension
ist versprühbar und wird so auf das Werkstück und/oder Werkzeug aufgebracht, wobei das Wasser auf der heißen Oberfläche
verdampft und das Hochtemperaturschmiermittel bei der Verarbeitung wirksam wird. Der Schmierfilm ist auch bei hohen
Temperaturen durch die Anwendung des Filmstabilisators äußerst stabil.
Einer wässrigen Suspension mit einem Anteil eines Vinylacetat-Mischpolymerisats
von 31.1 % und 3.,3 % eines Polysaccharids
wird Graphit und Wasser zugemischt, so daß eine Suspension mit einem Gehalt von
20 % Graphit
9,5 % Vinylacetat-Mischpolymerisat
9,5 % Vinylacetat-Mischpolymerisat
1 % Polysaccharid und
69,5 % Wasser
69,5 % Wasser
entsteht. Diese erfindungsgemäße Mischung wird auf den Dorn
509848/0933
_ 9 —
in einer MPM-Straße, die zur Herstellung nahtloser Rohre
dient, aufgesprüht.
Die Zusammensetzung des Schmiermittels erlaubt es, den
Schmierfilm während des Rücktransportes auf die Oberfläche des Domes aufzusprühen. Auf der heißen Dornoberfläche bildet
sich augenblicklich ein trockener wasserabstoßender PiIm.
Unmittelbar nach dem Auftragen des Films kann der Dorn im Wasserbad oder durch Aufdüsen von Wasser gekühlt werden, ohne
daß der Schmierfilm abgetragen wird. Der Schmierfilm wird auch
durch die intensive Wasserkühlung der Walzen, der der Dorn zu Beginn des Walzprozesses ausgesetzt ist, nicht beschädigt.
Aus der Anwendung des Schmiermittels ergeben sich gegenüber herkömmlichen Schmiermitteln "Vorteile, wie in Wasser suspendierte
physiologisch unbedenkliche Formulation, sauberer Abbrand (kein umweltfeindlicher ölquaIn). Das Schmiermittel
hinterläßt eine blanke Dornoberfläche, ohne Rückstände. Die Leistung, die notwendig ist, um Rohre durch Walzwerke zu
ziehen, wird erheblich verringert, die Walzgerüste arbeiten gleichmäßiger und der Dornverschleiß wird stark verringert.
Das Rohr umschließt den Dorn gleichmäßig, woraus eine bessere Rohrqualität resultiert, und es ist schließlich auch möglich,
mit einer gegebenen Anlage dünnere Rohrwandstärken zu erreichen.
509848/0933
Claims (5)
1) Boclit emperaturs chmiermitt el für die Warmverformung von
Metallen, bestehend aus:
a) 10 bis 90 % Graphit
b) 2 bis 60 % Alkylenpolymerisat oder — mischpoly
merisat
c) 0,2 bis 8 % Suspensionshilfsmittel und gegebenen
falls
d) 2 bis 40 % Eilmstabilisätor
2) 3Iochtemperaturschmiermittel nach Anspruch 1),
bestehend aus:
a) 35 Ms 90 % Graphit
b) 2 bis 60 % Alkylenpolymerisat oder -mischpolymerisat
c)0,2bis 8 % Suspensionshilfsmittel-
d) 2 bis 40 % Tilmstabilisator
3) Hochtemperaturschmiermittel nach Anspruch 1), bestehend aus:
a) 10 bis 90 % Graphit
b) 2 bis 60 % Alkylenpolymerisat oder -mischpoly
merisat
c) 0,5 bis 8 % Suspensionshilfsmittel
4) -Hochtemperaturschniiermittel gemäß Patentanspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, d?ß als Filmstabilisator zweckjnäßig
NatriumSilikate, Boroxide, Phosphate, Kieselsäure
allein oder in Gemischen untereinander eingesetzt werden.
509848/0933
5) Verwendung des Hochtemperaturschmiermittels gemäß
Patentanspruch 1 bis 4- in Form einer wässrigen Suspension mit einem Feststoffgebalt von 5 Ms 80 %.
5098 4 8/0933
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH624274A CH596294A5 (en) | 1974-05-08 | 1974-05-08 | High temp. lubricants for hot forming of metals |
CH1212774A CH609728A5 (en) | 1974-09-06 | 1974-09-06 | High temperature lubricant for the hot-forming of metals |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2450716A1 true DE2450716A1 (de) | 1975-11-27 |
DE2450716B2 DE2450716B2 (de) | 1978-09-21 |
DE2450716C3 DE2450716C3 (de) | 1979-06-13 |
Family
ID=25699240
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2450716A Expired DE2450716C3 (de) | 1974-05-08 | 1974-10-25 | Hochtemperaturschmiermittel für die Warmverformung von Metallen |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4052323A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5937317B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1054134A (de) |
CS (1) | CS196268B2 (de) |
DD (1) | DD120465A5 (de) |
DE (1) | DE2450716C3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES437493A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2270319B1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1438215A (de) |
IT (1) | IT1021859B (de) |
RO (1) | RO70139A (de) |
SE (1) | SE412919B (de) |
SU (1) | SU632305A3 (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2849617A1 (de) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-05-29 | Dow Corning Gmbh | Waessriges schmiermittel |
EP0261438A2 (de) * | 1986-09-23 | 1988-03-30 | Lonza Ag | Schmierstoff für die spanlose Verformung von Stahl |
US5042209A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1991-08-27 | Lonza Ltd. | Process for charging a carrier gas stream with a free-flowing material and process for operating the device |
US5129580A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1992-07-14 | Lonza Ltd. | Device for spraying disperse systems |
US5205488A (en) * | 1990-03-26 | 1993-04-27 | Lonza Ltd. | Process and device for spraying a liquid intermittently, especially a lubricant suspension to be sprayed under high pressure |
EP0554822A1 (de) * | 1992-02-06 | 1993-08-11 | Lonza Ag | Dornschmiermittel für die Herstellung nahtloser Rohre |
US5271854A (en) * | 1986-09-23 | 1993-12-21 | Lonza Ltd. | High temperature lubricant containing carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex |
EP0745661A1 (de) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-12-04 | Timcal Ag | Schmiermittelzusammensetzung für die Verhinderung der Aufkohlung bei der Herstellung von nahtlosen Rohren |
DE102005043542A1 (de) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-15 | Graphit Kropfmühl AG | Stabile wässrige Graphitdispersion mit hohem Feststoffgehalt |
WO2008043656A3 (de) * | 2006-10-09 | 2008-07-10 | Chem Fab Budenheim Kg | Graphithaltiger hochtemperaturschmierstoff für edel- und kohlenstoffstähle |
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US4287073A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1981-09-01 | Wyman-Gordon Company | Water-based forging lubricant |
US4257902A (en) * | 1976-08-04 | 1981-03-24 | Singer & Hersch Industrial Development (Pty.) Ltd. | Water-based industrial fluids |
DE2704175A1 (de) * | 1977-02-02 | 1978-08-10 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Schmierstoff fuer die formgebung von metallen |
CH621489A5 (de) * | 1977-06-09 | 1981-02-13 | Lonza Ag | |
US4155859A (en) * | 1978-01-19 | 1979-05-22 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Forging lubricants and method of use thereof |
US4206060A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-06-03 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Bolt and nut unit coated with lubricant |
US4205974A (en) * | 1979-05-09 | 1980-06-03 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Glass welding using aqueous colloidal graphite with improved wetting properties |
JPS5847095A (ja) * | 1981-09-17 | 1983-03-18 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | 被膜形成型高温用潤滑剤組成物 |
JPS5849800A (ja) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-03-24 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | 高温用潤滑剤組成物 |
ZA84247B (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-09-26 | Lonza Ag | Parting and lubricating agent in solid form |
JPS60240796A (ja) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-11-29 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | 継目無し鋼管造管用潤滑剤 |
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JPS62182930U (de) * | 1986-05-13 | 1987-11-20 | ||
CH674164A5 (de) * | 1987-09-29 | 1990-05-15 | Lonza Ag | |
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US5294355A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-03-15 | Desilube Technology, Inc. | Thermally and oxidatively stable solid lubricants |
DE4300464C1 (de) * | 1993-01-11 | 1994-06-09 | Dow Corning Gmbh | Festschmierstoffkombination, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
US5407590A (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1995-04-18 | Salvia; Vincent F. | Transition metal/polymer matrix composite of transition metal dichalcogenides and polymers a lubricious and wear resistant composite and methods for applying such to substrata |
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JP5565533B1 (ja) | 2012-08-13 | 2014-08-06 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 粉体潤滑剤組成物、及び継目無鋼管の製造方法 |
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CA2914651C (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2016-12-13 | Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh | A coating of an aluminium or aluminium alloy metal sheet or strip for hot forming or superelastic forming |
JP2017530320A (ja) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-10-12 | シドラー,トーマス,エル. | 潤滑を必要とする方法及びシステムにおける改良 |
CN108025450B (zh) | 2015-09-02 | 2018-12-07 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 钻孔用盖板、和使用其的钻孔加工方法 |
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WO2018088267A1 (ja) | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-17 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 構成刃先形成用部材及び構成刃先形成方法 |
US10793800B2 (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2020-10-06 | Aero Accessories, Llc | Lubricant compositions and methods of use |
CN109311303B (zh) * | 2017-03-30 | 2020-08-25 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | 聚合物膜的表面粗糙化 |
JP7057901B2 (ja) | 2017-05-25 | 2022-04-21 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 切削加工補助潤滑材、切削加工補助潤滑シート、及び切削加工方法 |
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US1944273A (en) * | 1929-06-06 | 1934-01-23 | Western Electric Co | Lubricating compound |
US2176879A (en) * | 1937-11-20 | 1939-10-24 | Acheson Colloids Corp | Method of disintegrating, dispersing and stabilizing graphite and product |
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US3213024A (en) * | 1962-07-17 | 1965-10-19 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | High temperature lubricant |
US3341454A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | 1967-09-12 | Hodson Corp | Lubricant composition |
US3384580A (en) * | 1967-05-09 | 1968-05-21 | Acheson Ind Inc | Graphite dispersions |
US3801504A (en) * | 1971-03-22 | 1974-04-02 | Texaco Inc | Non-flammable water based hot forging lubricating compositions |
US3806453A (en) * | 1973-02-23 | 1974-04-23 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Metal working lubricant |
-
1974
- 1974-10-15 GB GB4457174A patent/GB1438215A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-10-18 IT IT53622/74A patent/IT1021859B/it active
- 1974-10-25 DE DE2450716A patent/DE2450716C3/de not_active Expired
- 1974-11-13 US US05/523,499 patent/US4052323A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-11-13 JP JP49131534A patent/JPS5937317B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-12-18 FR FR7441870A patent/FR2270319B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-05-05 CS CS753115A patent/CS196268B2/cs unknown
- 1975-05-06 CA CA226,398A patent/CA1054134A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-06 SE SE7505263A patent/SE412919B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-06 DD DD185861A patent/DD120465A5/xx unknown
- 1975-05-07 RO RO7582160A patent/RO70139A/ro unknown
- 1975-05-07 ES ES437493A patent/ES437493A1/es not_active Expired
- 1975-09-30 SU SU752175649A patent/SU632305A3/ru active
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2849617A1 (de) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-05-29 | Dow Corning Gmbh | Waessriges schmiermittel |
US5271854A (en) * | 1986-09-23 | 1993-12-21 | Lonza Ltd. | High temperature lubricant containing carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex |
EP0261438A2 (de) * | 1986-09-23 | 1988-03-30 | Lonza Ag | Schmierstoff für die spanlose Verformung von Stahl |
EP0261438A3 (en) * | 1986-09-23 | 1988-12-07 | Lonza Ag | Lubricant for forging steel |
US5042209A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1991-08-27 | Lonza Ltd. | Process for charging a carrier gas stream with a free-flowing material and process for operating the device |
US5205488A (en) * | 1990-03-26 | 1993-04-27 | Lonza Ltd. | Process and device for spraying a liquid intermittently, especially a lubricant suspension to be sprayed under high pressure |
US5129580A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1992-07-14 | Lonza Ltd. | Device for spraying disperse systems |
EP0554822A1 (de) * | 1992-02-06 | 1993-08-11 | Lonza Ag | Dornschmiermittel für die Herstellung nahtloser Rohre |
EP0745661A1 (de) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-12-04 | Timcal Ag | Schmiermittelzusammensetzung für die Verhinderung der Aufkohlung bei der Herstellung von nahtlosen Rohren |
DE102005043542A1 (de) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-15 | Graphit Kropfmühl AG | Stabile wässrige Graphitdispersion mit hohem Feststoffgehalt |
WO2008043656A3 (de) * | 2006-10-09 | 2008-07-10 | Chem Fab Budenheim Kg | Graphithaltiger hochtemperaturschmierstoff für edel- und kohlenstoffstähle |
US8440597B2 (en) | 2006-10-09 | 2013-05-14 | Chemische Fabril Budenheim KG | Graphite-containing high-temperature lubricant for high-grade steels and carbon steels |
CN101535459B (zh) * | 2006-10-09 | 2013-09-25 | 化学制造布敦海姆两合公司 | 用于高级钢和碳钢的含石墨的高温润滑剂 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1054134A (en) | 1979-05-08 |
ES437493A1 (es) | 1977-11-16 |
IT1021859B (it) | 1978-02-20 |
SE7505263L (sv) | 1975-11-10 |
DE2450716C3 (de) | 1979-06-13 |
SE412919B (sv) | 1980-03-24 |
GB1438215A (en) | 1976-06-03 |
RO70139A (ro) | 1980-08-15 |
DE2450716B2 (de) | 1978-09-21 |
FR2270319A1 (de) | 1975-12-05 |
SU632305A3 (ru) | 1978-11-05 |
DD120465A5 (de) | 1976-06-12 |
JPS5937317B2 (ja) | 1984-09-08 |
CS196268B2 (en) | 1980-03-31 |
JPS50144868A (de) | 1975-11-20 |
US4052323A (en) | 1977-10-04 |
FR2270319B1 (de) | 1982-03-05 |
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