DE2437725C3 - Pipe restraint device to limit the movement of a pipe in the event of a pipe burst - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a restraint device according to the preamble of claim 1.

In DE-GM 69 10 136 support is given several times, especially in the outside atmosphere stored pipelines and / or cylindrical containers described and claimed. The innovation goes away from that the pipelines rest directly on differently designed brackets or brackets and partially fastened by bracket clips or round steel brackets or laterally by other devices are led. By sliding and scraping movement of the pipelines as a result of temperature-related changes in length and dynamic forces should form abrasion and corrosion pockets at the contact points which should put the entire line out of operation in the event of a breakthrough. Abandonment of innovation according to this DE-GM it is therefore corrosion damage at the support point of the pipeline and / or the To avoid cylindrical container and on the other hand the usual welding work on the support to be omitted. According to the aforementioned DE-GM, this object is achieved in that the support from a shell made of glass fiber reinforced

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65 consists of polyester or epoxy resin, with the shell being flat on its side close to the support and curved on its side close to the pipe or container corresponding to the pipe or container to be supported and being glued to the pipeline and / or the cylindrical container. The aforementioned DE-GM does not reveal anything about the pressure of the fluid in these pipes. There is only talk of gases or flammable liquids. With regard to the round steel bracket 17, it is expressly pointed out that it serves to guide the pipeline 11 from the side. This bracket is firmly screwed to the bracket 10.

In DE-GM 17 27 850 a suspension device for laying central heating or water pipes, that are hung from the ceiling. Here is a chain around the pipe like this laid around so that the pipe rests directly on the chain, and the chain is attached to one of the Suspended from ceiling attached girders. The use of the lyre hook is intended to increase the load capacity compared to the up then increase splice links used in their place.

In DE-GM 18 77 779 a pendulum clamp for attaching objects to be suspended is described, which consists of a screw-in head and a movably connected clamp.

In GB-PS 117 303 cylinders or Storage vessels for compressed air or compressed gas described. The invention of this GB-PS was the The object is to seal a cylinder or tube with the necessary for closure To create locking parts, which was solved in that the locking parts by a rope or with a hook provided rods, which run in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, are attached to each other. Included is nothing more intended than the closure lid firmly while avoiding any pivotability on the to secure the container containing the pressurized gas.

In US-PS 19 69 540 is a reinforced tube for use for fluid under high pressure described. The US-PS mentioned does not cover anything about the suspension or fastening of such pipes remove.

In contrast, the invention relates to a restraint device for limiting the movement of a Fluid under high pressure carrying pipe in the event of a pipe burst in a supply system. Such a device is evidently not sought in any of the cited references. Any Effects of the described devices in this direction are purely coincidental and accordingly imperfect, since these known devices are not designed for this purpose.

In the event that one of the pressure pipes should tear or break, the strong jet (or Discharge pressure forces) of the escaping high-pressure fluid are violent Cause movements of the pipe in which the pipe moves in a direction that is at an angle to the original longitudinal axis of the pipe. If it is not withheld, it can critical pipe meet other components of the system to which it belongs, such as the tank, other pipes, instruments, electrical cables and the like, and so damage the whole system.

In contrast to the different effects of the devices described above, a return has

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device in general to meet the following requirements as far as possible:

1, the device should absorb the energy of the moving pipe, a large energy absorption capacity and a high Mate ^D rialwirksamkeit have;

2. The device should have a relatively large normal distance between the restraint device and create the pipe so that normal thermal pipe movements occur unhindered to facilitate the maintenance of the pipes and to avoid the use of standard pipe insulation material to allow;

3. the device should be compact if the space in which it is located is severely limited;

4. The device should avoid localized restraint forces on the pipe to avoid premature Squeeze and prevent the tube from breaking away, leaving a torn End of pipe could become a missile;

5. the device should be easily removable for replacement or pipe repairs;

6. The device should support the stress on the structure to which the pipe restraint is attached is to keep it to a minimum;

7. The device should have predictable energy absorption and deflection behavior Exhibit load and

8. The device "should, if necessary, limit the rebound of a pipe to a minimum. ^{3 ()}

The object of the present invention was to provide a restraint device of the type mentioned at the beginning To create way with which the movement of the pipe in the event of a pipe rupture is so effectively limited that Damage to the pipe adjacent components by hitting the pipe is avoided.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Further developments are given in the subclaims.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the drawing. in the single show:

F i g. 1 a - 1 c a restraint device;

F i g. 2a-2c show the action of the restraint device the absorption of the energy of a moving pipe;

3a-3d show the general case of the action of the Retention device when stopping a moving pipe and

F i g. 4 shows an alternative holding device.

An embodiment of the restraint device 23 is shown in detail in FIGS. La to Ic. the Retaining device 23 consists of a U-shaped retaining element 32, a support plate 33, two U-shaped hinge parts 34 (1) and 34 (2) with holes in the legs for inserting a bolt 38 (1) each and 38 (Fig. 2), the parts 34 being attached to the ends of the retainer 32, and a pair Eyelets 36 (1) and 36 (2). The eyelets 36 (1) and 36 (2) are attached to retaining plates 37 (1) and 37 (2) (e.g. through Welding) and are pivotally connected to parts 34 (1) and 34 (2) by bolts 38 (1) and 38 (2). The retaining plates 37 (1) and 37 (2) are attached to a suitable structural part 39 (e.g. by welding) attached. The arcuate plate 33 is on the retainer 32, remote from its ends 41 (1) and 41 (2) fixed by brackets 25, e.g. B. are attached to the plate 33 by welding. the U-shaped retaining elements 32 with the attached arcuate plates 33 are in the Distance around the pressure pipe 43, ζ. B. made of steel, which is to be retained in the event of a burst pipe, guided. The tube 43 is surrounded by normal thermal insulation 44.

The ends 35 (1) and 35 (2) of the retaining element 32 can be attached to the parts 34 (1) and 34 (2) as shown in FIGS Fig. La and Ib are shown to be welded. On the other hand, the retaining element 32 can also have threaded ends 45 with an enlarged diameter be equipped as shown in FIG. Ic, with parts 34 (1) and 34 (2) matching (not shown) Internal thread included. These larger diameter threaded ends 45 reduce the possibility of Breakage of the retaining element 32 at the root of the thread.

The material and dimensions of the retaining elements and their number are selected so that it is the energy that must be absorbed in the event of the presumed rupture of the pressure pipe 43, are adapted. This means that the retaining elements expand plastically.

2a to 2c illustrate the operation of the restraint device 23 when absorbing the Energy of a deflecting pipe 51, it being assumed that the forces acting on the pipe 51 move down as indicated by the arrow in F i g. 2b is shown. In Fig. 2a are the tube 51 and the Retainer 23 shown in their normal positions.

F i g. 2b is a view of the end position of the tube 51 after the retainer 23 thereof Has picked up movement. The retaining elements 32 were by absorbing the kinetic energy of the Tube 51 stretched. The plates 33 distribute the load on the circumference of the tube 51 and thus prevent it from breaking completely, although the pipe assumes an elongated shape in cross section. the Plates 33 bend around the broken pipe, and their free ends 41 (1) and 41 (2) wrap around it Tube 51 and thus prevent it from striking back.

F i g. 2c is a side view with multiple restraints; which shows the position in which the restraints 23 limit the movement of the pipe 51 have caught. The use of several restraint devices results in better axial distribution the pipe ejection energy along pipe 51 compared to using only a single one, correspondingly stable retaining element. The distribution of the load is also determined by the independent ability of the plates 33 to conform to the surface of the tube 51 causes. Even allows the use of several restraint devices 23 to reduce the size and weight of the individual parts so that they are easier to handle during manufacture, installation and replacement and reduces costs by using many similar elements. You can too the requirements of energy absorption by appropriate; · arrangement of the individual restraint devices over an acceptable range by appropriate selection of the number of restraint devices adjust well.

The mode of operation of the restraint device according to the invention when a cracked pipe is stopped

51 is shown in detail in FIGS. 3a to 3d. An outstanding advantage of the restraint device according to the invention is its ability to absorb the pipe movement at an angle to the normal center line 53 of the pipe 51 and the restraint device 23. Therefore, the general case of a pipe deflection force F _p at an angle χ to the center line 53 is described below:

F i g. 3a shows the normal positions of the retaining device 23 and pipe 51. D \ is the initial distance between the tube 51 and the base plate 33. B is the thickness of the base plate 33, and C is the length of the retaining member 32 between the parts 34 and a center line 54 through the center of tube 51. R is the outer radius of tube 51 and R \ is the normal radius of curvature of retaining element 32 as measured from the center of tube 51. Thus, the normal working length of retaining element 32 is the same

If a pipe rupture occurs, which causes a momentary pipe impact force F _p at an angle χ to the center line 53, the pipe 51 moves through the original distance D \ and contacts the base plate 33, as in FIG. 3b shown. Since the radius of curvature R \ of the retaining element 32 is greater than the tube radius R, the retaining element 32 and plate 33 must now change their shape in order to adapt to the tube 51. As soon as the tube 51 comes into contact with the retaining device 23, as shown in FIG. 3b, the tube 51 and the retaining device 23 move together over an adjustment distance D ₂ until the retaining element 32 is taut. During this movement over the adjustment distance D ₂ , the restraint device 23 adapts to the tube 51, as in FIG. 3c, but it does not offer any significant resistance to tube movement.

Thus, the pipe 51 moves an effective distance equal to the sum of the original distance D 1 and the adjustment _{distance D 2} before the restraint device 23 becomes effective and opposes the movement of the pipe and absorbs the energy of the pipe impact. In practice it is desirable to reduce this effective distance to a practical value in order to avoid "excessive" accumulation of the kinetic energy of the ruptured pipe.

Since the retaining device 23 is deformed by the moving pipe beyond the effective distance, the retaining element 32 is deformable by stretching so that the energy of the pipe impact is absorbed. The expanding return element 32 exerts such a reaction force
the pipe 51 resulting from stress deformation characteristics of the retaining members 32.

F i g. 3d shows that the restraint device 23 is stretched beyond the effective distance by a distance D ₃ , which is defined as working deformation.

Since the retaining element 32 is stretched under the impact force F _p ′ of the tube 511, there is friction between the plate 33 and a bent part 56 of the retaining element 32 which is in contact with the plate 33. Because of this friction, the stress in this bent part 56 is reduced, and

κι therefore the retaining element 32 is not as effective at the absorption of energy as an element of the same length under uniform load. In In other words, the retainer 32 has an effective length that is less than its actual length.

ι ¹ ) In the practical determination of the size of the restraint device according to the invention for the absorption of the energy of the pipe deflection in a certain application, the original or normal length of the retaining element 32 is determined by the diameter of the pipe 51, the distance between the pipe and the structural part 39 to which the restraint is anchored and determines the required distance D \ . The choice of material and the width and thickness of the plate 33 is a compromise between sufficient rigidity to minimize breakage of the pipe and sufficient malleability to allow it to wrap around the pipe and conform to the shape of the pipe.

so The number of restraint devices 23 and thus of the restraint elements 32 is selected so that the desired distribution of the restraint force F _{r is given} along the pipe. To simplify production and handling, at least four retention devices are

J5 devices combined into one unit Material from which the retaining elements 32 are made is selected so that the elements have a have high energy absorption capacity. Of the suitable materials, No. 304 stainless steel is used

■ 40 preferred. If the retainer length that Number of restraint devices and thus the restraint elements and the material for the restraint device are given, the diameter of the retaining elements is determined so that it is the to

- »5 corresponds to the absorbing energy of the pipe deflection, assuming the worst case or the maximum foreseeable deviation angle χ .

F i g. 4 shows an alternative pivotable holding device between the retaining elements 32 and

Retaining plates 137, with eyelets 134 with thread on the r ~ _j j o .-. ^ Iu "n ~~ i *" ii u "r _A " - ": ~" .. "Λ _m ; t; air

L.11UCI1 UCl l \ UlflliailC ^! T-lllt »lltl. · ** · lfl.IC3Ugt UIlU Itiitivu

Bolts are held between U-parts 136 on the retaining plates 137 .

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Restraint in a delivery system to limit the movement of a one Fluid under high pressure leading pipe in the event of a pipe rupture, thereby characterized in that at least one U-shaped retaining element (32) spaced around the tube (51) guided around and pivotably attached to the ends (35) by means of holding devices (34, 36, 37, 38) a structural part (39) of the system is attached and that the material and dimensions of the retaining element are selected so that they allow plastic expansion of the retaining element. 2. Restraint device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding devices have at the ends (35) of the retaining element (32) U-shaped articulation parts (34) which by means of Bolts (38) are hinged to perforated eyelets (36), which in turn (36) are attached to one or more retaining plates (37) are attached, which are connected to the structural part (39). 3. Restraint device according to claim 2, characterized in that the U-shaped articulation parts (34) are attached to the ends (35) of the retaining element (32) by threads, the Threaded ends (45) of the retaining element one opposite the remaining part of the retaining element have enlarged diameter. 4. Restraint device according to claim 1, characterized in that a support plate (33) between the retaining element (32) and the tube (51) at a distance from the tube on the Retaining element is attached. 5. Restraint device according to claim 4, characterized in that the support plate (33) in the Distance (at 25) from their ends (41) to the retaining element (32) is attached such that the support plate wraps itself around the pipe when the pipe (51) hits it in the event of a pipe rupture.