DE2366181B1 - Process for making pile carpets - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing pile carpets according to the preamble of Claim 1.

According to this method known from DT-OS 16 60 178, the crimped threads become Staple fiber yarns processed and then tufted.

When using uncrimped and also conventionally crimped threads, such as by the stuffing box method, false twist method or the like, was between the pile elements the carrier material (the base fabric) can be seen. This causes the carpet to look poor. Around to avoid this had to be tufted more densely. However, this has the disadvantage that the The amount of tufted threads is very large and therefore high costs are incurred. They also turn out to be such manufactured carpets are hard and are difficult to walk on.

From US-PS 31 17 906 it is known, a certain percentage, for example 37% or 50%, Spinning polyamide and 63% or 50% polyester into a composite thread. Then the thread stretched and wound on a spool. The thread is then woven and used to crimp and split into the individual components washed in an oily solution, the solution successively to 48 ° C, 65 ° C and 82 ° C is brought. Through this procedure it may be possible to give the fabric a silk-like appearance, but it would not be possible to give a To give pile carpets a closed, full appearance, especially if not very thin yarns are used should be.

The invention is therefore based on the object of making composite threads from two components lying side-by-side to produce existing pile carpets with an excellent appearance and good properties, even if a small number of thin threads are used.

The solution to this issue results from the characterizing part of claim 1.

The invention is seen in the overall combination of the features listed in claim 1.

Further advantageous refinements emerge from the subclaims.

Special properties of the threads used according to the invention are that initially in The thread forms a spontaneous crimp, and that subsequent splitting of the two components he follows.

As used herein, the term "spontaneous ripple" means that the ripple persists the different shrinkage behavior of the two components developed when one by pair Eccentric spinning of the two components obtained with different shrinkage behavior stretched, the applied tension removed, and relaxation performed in air. For example are polyester and polyamide materials with different shrinkage behavior.

The term "splittability of the two components", as used here, means the property that the Thread in its longitudinal direction connected to each other-

NEN components can split. Basically it is known that a thread formed by spinning two components side by side in pairs due to the difference in shrinkage between the two components forms a crimp, with under Exploiting the ability to crimp a stretchable (stretchable), voluminous thread can be created can. However, this affects threads that are formed from components with mutual attraction, wherein the difference in shrinkage between the two components inevitably due to heating in the relaxed Condition applied and the crimp formed is fixed by heating. So far, however, that was The inventive concept of the formation of a spontaneous curl has not been considered.

Polyamide and polyester have no adhesiveness, and especially when, as with threads for carpets, If the fineness of the threads is very high, then composite threads made of these two components tend to Splitting in the non-drawn state or the drawing of such threads is difficult to undertake. According to the invention, however, it was found that by certain oil emulsions that during the spinning process applied, the adhesion is controllable and threads with spontaneous crimpability can be produced, which can also be split into the two components in a simple manner.

In known carpets formed from synthetic threads, the static electricity is applied to an over person walking the carpet and discharges as soon as the person touches a door handle an electric shock or a feeling of discomfort, and the invention provides in this regard as well a major improvement. According to the invention is namely a pile carpet made of split composite threads created in which positively chargeable polyamide single threads and negatively chargeable polyester single threads in intricate ways are entangled with each other and hence the static positives created by friction and negative charges cancel each other out. The one produced by the method according to the invention Carpet therefore has a low electrifying power.

Details of the method according to the invention are given below with reference to the drawing explained. It shows

F i g. 1 to 5 cross-sectional views of composite threads,

F i g. 6 to 8 embodiments of steam jet devices, where the addition A denotes cross-sectional views and the addition B denotes front views of the jet nozzles used,

F i g. 9 an arrangement for steam jet treatment,

F i g. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of FIG Fig. 9,

11 is a cross-sectional view of another arrangement for steam jet treatment;

F i g. 12 and 13 are photographic images of the surfaces of according to the method according to the invention manufactured tufted carpets, and

F i g. 14 and 15 photographic images of the surfaces of cleavable, but not after Treated process according to the invention, threads made of polyamide and polyester tufted carpets.

The polyamides useful for the present invention are: NyIon-4, NyIon-6, Nylon-7, Nylon-11, Nylon-12, nylon-66, nylon-610, polymethaxylylene adipamide, Polyparaxylylenedecanamide, polybiscyclohexylmethanedecanamide and essentially from these Copolymers formed by polymers.

As comonomers in the polyamide copolymers are mentioned: Lactam, such as caprolactam, Enanthlactam, laurolactam and the like, aminocarboxalic acid, such as aminocaprolic acid, aminodecanolic acid, p-aminomethylbenzenic acid and the like, Nylon salts of diamines, such as hexamethylene diamine, nonamethylene diamine, undecamethylene diamine, m-xylylenediamine, p-xylylenediamine and diethylenediamine (piperazine) with double acids such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, Isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and the like.

The polyesters are polyethylene terephthalate, Polytetramethylene terephthalate, PolyäthylenoxybenzoatjPoly-l ^ -dimethylcyclohexan-terephthalat, Polypivalolactone and copolymers formed essentially from these polymers.

The following may be mentioned as monomers in the polyesters: Lactones, such as, for example, pivalactone, ε-caprolactone and the like, aliphatic diols such as Ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and the like, alicyclic diols, such as 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol and the like, aromatics Dicarboxylic acid, such as, for example, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, sodium sulfoisophthalate, naphthalene-dicarboxylic acid and the like, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, 1,10-decanedicarboxylic acid, alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as hexahydroterephthalic acid, hexahydroisophthalic acid and the same. If dicarboxylic acids or diols are copolymerized, the dicarboxylic acids must and diols are copolymerized.

When using polyamide copolymers and polyester copolymers, the Copolymerization ratio, the adhesiveness of the two components is high, so that they through the Heat treatment according to the invention are difficult to break down and the mechanical properties of the obtained pile carpet are deteriorated. The copolymer ratio is therefore preferably less than 15 MoL-o / o based on the major component.

The ratio of the two components according to the invention is large due to the following circumstances important.

One aspect is the spontaneous crimp when the thread relaxes in air Achieving effect depends on whether the thread has a high spontaneous curling tendency or not. Lies the component ratio of polyamide to polyester above the range from 1: 3 to 3: 1, so the The yarn does not have the desired spontaneous curling tendency or the effect according to the invention be achieved.

The percentage of spontaneous curling is desirably more than 40% when after is determined using the following procedure. A percentage of 60 to 95% will give a better result.

The determination of the percentage of spontaneous curling (Cs) is carried out as follows:

The length of the thread left in air at a relative humidity of 65% and at a temperature of 25 ° C for one hour under a load of 0.1 mg / the thread should be Is and the length of the thread for one minute under a load of 0.1 g / the left thread should / r be carried, then is

Ce =

It is

It

It is considered that the spontaneous crimp due to the different elastic Shrinkage of the polyamide and polyester components is generated, and that also a thread with high spontaneous curl percentage means that both components are satisfactorily bonded together are.

Another important consideration for the component ratio is the electrical problem Behavior of the created pile carpet. As mentioned earlier, the tendency to electrify is the pile carpet according to the invention is very low, but goes with a component ratio above the range from 1: 3 to 3: 1 the balance of the positively charged polyamide and the negatively charged one Polyester lost, or there is either a positive or negative excess charge with the corresponding Effect before.

The component ratio is discussed in more detail below. Is the component ratio in the range from 1: 3 to 3: 1, the effect according to the invention can be achieved, but it is in terms of the durability of the pile carpet is desirable that the proportion of polyamide that of the Polyester exceeds With a ratio of polyamide to polyester of 3: 1 to 1: 1 and in particular of 5: 2 up to 3: 2, there is a pile carpet with good properties, since polyamide in terms of abrasion and Impact resistance surpasses polyester

The composite filaments used in the invention are made up of two side-by-side components Threads according to FIG. 1, in which the two components are connected parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the thread and have shapes in cross-section, as shown in Figs. In terms of properties, especially durability of the carpet, are the shapes in which the two components form triangles after splitting, too prefer.

An essential aspect of the production of the filaments is that of the extruded filaments first with an oil emulsion containing little water and then with an oil emulsion containing a relatively large amount of water be applied.

Another important aspect is that the spontaneous crimps are fixed and the Composite thread can be split into two components. This can only be done by improving the Adhesion of the two components to a required extent and by such control the adhesion can be achieved that the threads by a simple heat treatment in the two Components are split up. As previously mentioned, polyamide and polyester are essentially poorly adhering, so that the composite thread of polyamide and polyester is difficult on an industrial scale is to be produced; the invention overcomes this difficulty by selecting the oil emulsions.

It is not completely clear why the application used in the method according to the invention the oil emulsions are found to be so effective, but an attempt is made below to explain this admit. It was found that the adhesion of the side-by-side constructed composite thread made of polyamide and polyester highly due to the water content in the oil emulsion added during spinning being affected. Namely, if the water content in the oil emulsion is high, the two components split easily, while the reverse is difficult. This is because, in the undrawn state, the polyamide thread absorbs water and considerably swells, while the polyester thread absorbs essentially no water and therefore does not swell either. the Polymers spun in the melt state are close to an absolutely dry state, and if so If an oil emulsion with a high water content is applied to the solidified thread, the will appear Difference in the water-absorbing property and the swelling behavior of polyamide and polyester considerably. There will therefore be a rapid and profound divergence of the binding surface on both components created so that the thread easily splits into the two components

On the other hand, when an oil emulsion containing a little water is added, the above phenomenon occurs does not increase or the adhesion is improved. It can thus be understood why this oil emulsion is used in the invention Method is used. The reason why the following applies a relatively large amount Water-containing oil emulsion is based on the following points of view.

On the one hand in the fact that when the oil emulsion containing little water is applied alone, it is wound up of the thread is difficult. If the undrawn, only acted upon with this oil emulsion thread on a When the coil is wound, the polyamide component gradually absorbs the moisture in the air and swells, so that the winding is messed up and it is impossible to take up a large amount of thread. In general, oil emulsion containing a little water has a low affinity for the two Components on. As a result, the stretched and wound thread tends to destroy the shape of the winding, and this circumstance occurs in particular when when the denier of the thread is more than 10 denier.

It is therefore necessary to remedy this disadvantageous circumstance by applying a relatively large amount of water containing oil emulsion to balance the oil emulsion containing little water. Only by Establishing the order of application of these oil emulsions in the manner described above, the production allow side-by-side polyamide and polyester threads. This is surprising and the The reason for this is not clear.

On the other hand, it was found that the only one

So applying the little water containing oil emulsion the adhesion of the two components too much improved, so that the splitting of the thread into the two components in the subsequent step is difficult will. It is therefore necessary to apply the oil emulsion in the manner according to the invention to undertake.

A lubricating oil such as mineral oil or fatty acid ester is generally used as the oil emulsion with a surface active agent and an antistatic agent with water or an organic one Diluted solvent.

As used herein, "low water oil emulsion" means that the oil emulsion has one has a low water content which should preferably be as low as possible. The inventive Process can be carried out with a water content of less than 15%, but preferably less than 10%, carry out.

The term "oil emulsion containing a relatively large amount of water" means that an oil emulsion is provided, in which a lubricating oil is dissolved in water along with a surface active agent and an antistatic agent or emulsified. The water content is 5 above 40%, an oil emulsion with a Water content of 50 to 90% is preferred.

Lubricating oils are to be understood as meaning: mineral oils, fatty acid esters such as methyl oleate, ethyl palmitate, Propyl palmitate, n-butyl palmitate, n-butyl stearate, Lauryl laurate, oleyl oleate, higher alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol.

The surfactants and the antistatic agents cannot be clearly identified, but they are anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric surfactants can be used. As a surface agent (Emulsifiers) are nonionic active agents, such as polyoxyethylene castor oil ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, Polyoxyethylene trimethylol propane tristearate, to be preferred. Used as antistatic agents preferably anionic active agents, such as potassium polyoxyethylene lauryl sulfate, potassium polyoxyethylene oleyl phosphate, Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium cetylsulfonate and the like are used.

Aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons, such as Trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride, low-boiling petroleum fractions such as Gasoline, light oil, kerosene, ligroin, etc., can be used.

The proportion of those deposited on the undrawn thread (excluding volatile components) Oil emulsions is 0.5 to 2.0% by weight for the low-water oil emulsion and 0.3 to 1.5% by weight for the oil emulsion containing a relatively large amount of water. The total amount of the oil emulsions is preferably 0.8 up to 2.5% by weight.

The undrawn threads provided with the oil emulsions in the manner described above can be drawn by any method. In order to prevent the two components from splitting, a heated rod (surface: Atlas, diameter: 30 to 20 mm) or a heated roller is preferably used. A hot rolling process, in which the heat is sufficiently given off by wrapping around it several times, is to be preferred. If the drawing temperature is too low, yarn breakage and splitting occurs, while if the drawing temperature is too high, the adhesion is improved too much. Preferably, a temperature of 70 to 130 ⁰ C, used in particular 80 to 100 ° C. The drawn thread may or may not be heat-set, but, as mentioned above, the difference in heat shrinkage between polyester and polyamide has a major influence on the appearance and properties of the pile carpet obtained. Thus, the heat setting must be done carefully. The temperature range from 100 to 160 ° C. is usually preferably used. If the temperature is too high, the shrinkage of the fully fixed polyester is low and the difference in shrinkage is too great; such a temperature is therefore not required.

If, after splitting, the difference in length of the polyester thread caused by the difference in shrinkage and the polyamide thread is too small, the pile carpet obtained has a low bulk, while if the difference in length is too great, loose threads are formed on the carpet surface, as a result of which the appearance and properties are deteriorated.

In order to achieve a good quality of the pile carpet, it is important to carry out the following investigations be carried out with regard to the composite threads:

One such test is the measurement of the percentage of spontaneous curl previously described, with a percentage greater than 40% being desirable.

Another test concerns the split percentage of the two components of the thread due to the Hot water treatment and the difference in shrinkage of the split polyamide and polyester threads this treatment.

These measurements are hereinafter referred to as "hot water treatment measurements" and carried out as follows:

Before the hot water treatment, a "composite thread" is used. Each by splitting into The thread shown in both components is hereinafter referred to as "split thread".

The hot water treatment measurement

10 composite threads are in a loop (total length the loop 1 m) and the loop in water with a temperature of less submerged than 50 ° C. After that, the temperature of the water in 30 minutes until the water boils and keep simmering for 10 minutes. The composite threads treated in this way emerge from the water taken out and in air in a chamber with a relative humidity of 65% and a temperature dried at 25 ° C. The gap percentage and the difference in shrinkage are then determined.

Gap percentage

The total number of "composite threads" and "split threads" is counted and is denoted by n in the following equation.

Split Percentage (%) =

χ 100

The percentage of splitting must be greater than 70%, with a percentage greater than 90% producing the best results creates.

Shrinkage disagreement

Each split thread is loaded with a load of 0.2 g / den and the length is determined. The maximum thread length is U and the minimum thread length Ib. Then:

Shrinkage difference =

χ 100

At a value of 2 to 12% there is a smooth (even) pile carpet production and that The appearance and properties of the carpet are good. At a value of 5 to 10%, even cheaper ones will be Get results.

The inventive method comprises shaping the untreated threads into a pile carpet, for example by tufting, and leaving the pile carpet in the air to develop the spontaneous ones Crimps in the threads forming the pile carpet.

030 146/131

It further comprises a steam jet treatment of Florteppichoberfläche and immersing the pile carpet in warm water having a temperature of less than 50 ⁰ C. The water is then brought to a temperature above 80 ° C, whereby the filaments split into the two components. The term "steam jet treatment" as used here means that steam is jetted onto the pile carpet surface, and thus does not mean that the pile carpet is heat-treated in a steam atmosphere. The steam jet should be applied in such a way that the pile carpet is forcefully compressed by the jet.

In Fig.6 to 8 embodiments of the steam jet device are shown, in these Fig.Λ each a cross-sectional view and B each denotes a front view of the jet nozzle. At F i g. 6 and 7 a large number of nozzles open into a circular tube and in FIG. 8 the nozzles open into a flat surface.

In these figures, 1 denotes a steam introduction pipe, 2 a steam reservoir of a jet device 4, 3 nozzles and the arrow indicates the steam flow.

F i g. 9 shows an embodiment of the operation of the present invention wherein the pile carpet 5 moved directly under the jet device 4 and thereby a steam jet treatment takes place.

F i g. 10 shows an embodiment for carrying out the steam jet treatment in which the directly Pile carpet 5 running under the jet device 4 is treated with the jet device. That Reference number 6 denotes a carrier.

The smaller the distance (meanwhile the jet nozzle and the pile carpet surface is. the better the effect. The distance should usually be less than 1 cm. It also proves effective to make (^ negative, that is, the radiation treatment is carried out with slight compression of the pile. If the pile length is unequal it then results that the pile length is equalized, so that such an approach is preferable

In principle, the steam irradiation can only take place from above onto the pile, but it can be done according to Fig. 11 also make both from above and from below.

This method is characterized in that the Pile carpet is subjected to a steam jet treatment to fix the spontaneous puckering and then the threads are split into the two components.

If the threads split into the two components without such treatment, it disappears the crimp and a pile carpet with low bulk and poor appearance or moderate Properties is preserved. A heat treatment other than the steam jet treatment does not allow to a similar extent a fixation of the spontaneous curling.

It has been found that in order to fix the spontaneous curl, it is necessary to use a large amount of heat to supply the threads momentarily. In this regard, no satisfactory method other than steam jet treatment can be found.

The adhesion of polyamide and polyester in the composite thread according to the invention is as before mentioned, controlled to a given extent. As a result, the threads are through a heat treatment or mechanical treatment ready split, and when the pile carpet is relatively gradually in dry, hot atmosphere or steam atmosphere is heat-treated, this is done under progressive Splitting into the two components so that the preferred pile carpet cannot be obtained.

Another effect of the steam jet treatment is that the confusion of the mutual, the threads forming the pile are promoted by the jet and therefore the bulkiness and other properties of the pile carpet can be improved.

The hot water treatment can be done by means of a dyeing machine, warp beam dyeing machine, jigger dyeing machine be made, but the use of a warp beam dyeing machine in the pile carpet and jigger dyeing machine is somewhat difficult, while a wince dyeing machine turns out to be supreme proves appropriate.

In the hot water treatment, the initial temperature of the water is less than 50 ° C, while the temperature of the final hot water treatment is above 8O ⁰ C. This hot water treatment splits the threads into the two components due to the specific properties of the threads. The phenomenon of the filaments splitting into the two components is very important; if the two components are not broken by this hot water treatment, the curl shape before and after the heat treatment is changed by the difference in heat shrinkage between the two components.

If the hot water treatment is carried out with a lower one Density than 150 g / l, the threads are split into the two components with their own movement, so that at the same time when the threads split up the Ripples disappear. The filling density must therefore be more than 150 g / l. In contrast, takes place at an extremely high filling density not only fixes the spontaneous crimping through the heat treatment, but also parts of the crimps are deformed, so that the threads obtained in the Crimps are uneven. An extremely high filling density of more than 380 g / l should therefore be avoided will. The bulk density is preferably in the range of 200 to 350 g / l in order to make the crimps satisfactory to fix and obtain uniform crimped threads.

In the case of hot water treatment, the Threads and a more satisfactory fixation of the crimps the threads in water with a temperature immersed below 40 ° C, and then raised the temperature to above 90 ° C. The latter temperature is maintained for more than 30 minutes.

The reason why the threads are split into the two components by the hot water treatment is not entirely clear, but, as mentioned above, the threads to be used in the invention are precisely controlled in terms of the adhesiveness of the two components, so that the threads are separated by a simple Let heat treatment split into the two components. It has been found that can be split the threads is relatively difficult for immediate immersion of the filaments in hot water at a temperature of about 8O ⁰ C, while preceded by immersing the filaments in water having a temperature of less than 50 ⁰ C and subsequent temperature increase this process

expires easily. Presumably this is because the water with a temperature of less than 50 ° C in the adhesive surface between the two components penetrates and when the temperature of the water rises, the molecular movement becomes so strong that the threads move apart easily split into the two components by the hot water treatment.

The yarns, however, immediately immersed in hot water having a temperature of about 8O ⁰ C, the fixation of the ripples and the thermal change of the threads forming polymers will tend to take place when the penetration of water between the two components, so that. splitting into the two components is made more difficult.

The advantage that the threads split into the two components by the hot water treatment is due to the fact that the temperature condition of this treatment corresponds essentially to that as it is usually found in cleaning and dyeing.

Since cleaning and dyeing are usually carried out at a temperature below 50 ° C, after which the The temperature of the solution is continuously increased to over 80 ° C., according to the invention Process the hot water treatment can be replaced by the cleaning or dyeing process, so that without a special heating process to obtain a pile carpet with good appearance and good properties can be.

The carpet produced by the method according to the invention also has a very low electric charge, so that even when walking on the carpet the accumulation of electric charges occurs People is very low because the threads of the pile carpet according to the invention completely tangled are.

F i g. 12 and 13 show photographs of the surfaces of manufactured according to the method according to the invention Pile carpets, from which it can be seen that the threads forming the pile are complicated with one another tangled and bulky.

F i g. 14 and 15 show photocopies of cleavable threads, consisting of polyester and polyamide, formed pile carpets that were not produced by the method according to the invention. at In these carpets, the direction of the threads forming the pile is uniform and the bulkiness bad. If the threads are in the same direction, the threads collect with little shrinkage on the surface, so that consequently such a carpet is unfavorable in terms of its electrostatic Properties is.

Since the pile carpet obtained by the method according to the invention from the two components There is polyamide and polyester with very different dyeability, can be easily means a dyeing device to produce a pleasing high-quality carpet in which two different-colored Threads are mixed together.

The invention proves to be particularly advantageous for the production of a pile carpet made of high threads Deniers is made. The denier of the threads for carpets is 10 to 50, preferably 20 to 40. The following Examples of the invention are given, but they are not intended to be limiting of the invention.

In the foregoing description and in the following working examples, the procedure is for the production of the pile carpet explained with reference to a tufting process, this only from For the sake of easier understanding, the invention is not limited thereto. For the Weaving processes, knitting processes and the like can also be used to manufacture the pile carpet will.

The shock resistance and the electrical charge voltage on a human person for the Pile carpets are used in the following examples as

will definitely follow ".,

Shock resistance

(Thickness Persistence Percentage%)

A bump formed of a synthetic rubber with a bump area of 3 cm ^{2 and} a weight of 1 kg is repeatedly dropped on the pile carpet from a height of 10 cm for a certain time at a rate of 30 times per minute. The pile heights before and after the test H _a and Hb are determined. Then amounts to

TT

the shock resistance = - ^ - χ 100

The pile height is measured under a load of 20 g / cm ² .

The electrical charge voltage on a human person:

The test carpet is temperature and humidity in air with 20 ° C and a relative Moisture of 30% conditioned more than 48 hours and thereafter by a person with more than 60 Steps taken at a speed of 2 steps per second. After that the electrical Determined charge voltage on the person, while this continues in the manner described above. Of the The determined value changes with walking, but an average value can be determined.

Example 1 (preparation of the threads)

Made of Nvlon-6 with an intrinsic viscosity of 1.14, measured at 30 ° C in m-cresol, and made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64, measured at 30 ° C in o-chlorophenol, were different Prepare composite thread as follows

The molten nylon-6 and molten PET were separated into a spinneret kept at 280 ° C pumped in and in side-by-side relationship as shown in FIG. 2 connected and connected by a circular or cruciform Orifice extruded in the spinneret. The undrawn filaments thus obtained were cooled and wound at a reel speed of 300 m / min while using various oil emulsions different water content according to Table 1 were applied by means of two-stage oil application rollers. Here, the speed of the applicator rollers was adjusted so that the amount of the undrawn Oil emulsion adhering to the thread 0.5 to 1.5% by weight in the first oil application stage and 0.3 to 1.2% by weight in the second oil application stage. The results obtained with such undrawn threads are in Table 2 reproduced. From Table 2 it follows that when the only task is the little water-containing oil emulsion on the thread the operation was impossible.

The undrawn filaments listed in Table 2 were then made by contact with a hot roller and a hot plate (length 400 mm) stretched at different fixing temperatures according to Table 3 to stretched composite threads with 900 denier with 30 individual threads

to get the. The draw ratio was 3.75 to 3.82 times. The stretching treatment was not in the undrawn threads of nos. 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8 of the table 2 made.

Table 3 shows the number of drawn threads thus obtained, the number of undrawn threads, the temperature of the hot roller,

Table 1

14th

the temperature of the hot plate, the percentage of spontaneous curling, the splitting percentage and the difference in shrinkage in the case of hot water treatment. It can be seen from the results in Table 3 that the stretching is then unsatisfactory can be done if the oil emulsions are abandoned in a manner other than that according to the invention.

Oil emulsion

Art

Lubricating oil

Nonionic

surface active

Means antistatic

Kerosene

water

Table 2

not watery 30th not watery 30th not watery 25th different 20th different 18th aqueous 18th aqueous 18th aqueous 10

17.5 17.5 19 15 10 13 13 7 2.5

2.5

45

40

39

40

38

22nd

5 10 14 23 32 45 60 81

Undrawn
thread

Cross-sectional shape

Component ratio

(Nylon-6: PET)

Oil emulsion no. On the 1st roller Oil emulsion no.
at the 2nd roller

Winding operation

Fig.l
Fig.l
Fig.l
Fig. 1
Fig.l
Fig. 1
Fig.1
Fig.l
Fig. 1
Fig.l
Fig.l
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Fig. 2

1:

1:

1:

1:

1:

1 '

1;

1:

1:

1;

1;

1:

1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 none
5

no

A: Disturbed thread, impossible to take up on a bobbin. Table 3

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Well

Stretched Undrawn - No. temperature for stretch fixation Percent spon Measurement at the Hot water thread thread (° C) taner frizzy treatment lung Hot roller Hot plate Percent up Shrinkage cleavage divorced No. (%) (%) (%)

4th 7th

85 85 85

120 120 120

100
100
100

7 7 6

15th

continuation

Stretched Undrawn Temperature to Stretch fixation Percent spon Measurement at the Hot water thread thread CQ taner frizzy treatment lung Hot roller Hot plate Percent up Shrink under cleavage divorced No. No. (%) (%) (%)

11-1
12-1
13-1
14-1
15-1
16-1
17-1
15-2

9
10

11
12th
13th
14th
'15
16
17th
15th

15th
15th
15th

85 85

85 85 85 85 85 85 85 80

85 85 100

135

120 120

120 120 120 120 120 120 120

not set up

180 160

not set up

not set up

57 100 6

The thread is split into the two components in the non-drawn state, a loose thread is formed; Stretching is impossible 30
43
75
72
61
38
78

53
61
66

59

80

90

100

100

90

70

100

80
90
80

60

4 6

7 7 7 2

13th

10

Example 2

The four threads of thread no. 12-1, 13-1, 14-1, 15-1, 16-1 and 17-1 have been made in the S-direction at 60 T / M twisted so that twisted threads with 3,600 D per f were obtained. The threads twisted in this way became Creating a white carpet tufted under the following conditions. In the carpet they developed Threads spontaneous crimps.

Gauge 12.7 / 81 cm, stitch 23 / cm
Pile length 6 mm

The carpet obtained was placed under a steam jet device as shown in FIG. 9 at a speed moved by 1 m / min, whereby the steam jet in-

Table 4

Direction of three parallel jet nozzles according to FIG. 7th

exhibited.

The diameter of the tube of the steam jet device was 20 mm, the diameter of the jet nozzle was mm, the nozzles being arranged in a zigzag shape at a distance of 5 mm. The vapor pressure was 3.5 kgf / cm ² and the height of the nozzle needle was

adjusted so that there was contact with the pile

(d = 0). During the steam jet treatment, the

Surface temperature of the pile 99 ° C.

After the steam jet treatment, a

Coloring every carpet.

From Table 4, the numbers of the colored carpets, the appearance, the impact resistance and the to take electrical charge voltage on a human body.

carpet Stretched Mating association Appearance Shock resistance Electric thread ratio nylon Charge on one 6 / PET person No. No. (%, 1000 times) (kV) 12-1 12-1 1: 4 low bulk, 55 4.6 bad 13-2 13-1 1: 3 the split compo 64 2.7 nents are satisfactory tangled, high bulk 14-2 14-1 1: 1 the split compo 71 1.8 nents are satisfactory tangled, very high Bulkiness

030 146/131

continuation

carpet

Stretched
thread

No.

Pairing ratio nylon-6 / PET

Appearance

Shock resistance

Electric
Charge on one
person

(%, 1000 times) (kV)

15-20 15-1

16-1

17-1

2: 1

3: 1

4: 1

the split compo- 81
nents are satisfactory
tangled, very high
Bulkiness

the split compo- 69
nents are satisfactory
tangled, high bulk

low bulk 59

2.3

2.7
4.1

From Table 4 it follows that carpets are of good quality can be obtained by the process according to the invention. If the pairing ratio (nylon-6 / PET) is outside the range the range according to the invention, d. H. 1: 4 or 4: 1, so are carpets with only low bulk, low impact resistance and high electrical Received charge.

Comparative example

The three carpets nos. 15-21, 15-22, 15-23 were provided. Carpet 15-21 had been produced by dyeing the white from thread no. 15-1 of Example 2 in the manner described in Example 2, but without using the steam jet treatment. Carpet 15-22 was created by heating the same white carpet in a steam atmosphere at 100 ^° C. for one minute and by dyeing it in the manner described above. Carpet 15-23 was made by soaking the same white carpet for one minute in hot water at a temperature of 95 ° C and dyeing as described above. Thereafter, the appearance, the impact resistance and the electric charge voltage of the three carpets were measured.

In either case, the appearance was poor and the bulkiness was poor. The shock resistance was over In addition, 56 to 60% and the electric charge voltage 4.3 to 5.1 kV.

In Fig. 15 is a photographic copy of the Surface of carpet no. 15-22 beyond the inventive range reproduced while 13 shows the photographic reproduction of the invention Carpet No. 15-20 according to Example 2 concerns. In Fig. 15, those constituting the pile were fibrous Monofilaments aligned uniformly and not completely entangled. In Fig. 13 they had the pile forming fibrous monofilaments had crimps and were satisfactorily entangled with each other.

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (11)

Patent claims: 1. A method for producing pile carpets from composite threads of two side-by-side lying components, characterized in that the threads are produced by spinning a polyamide and a polyester in a ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1, that then first one oil emulsion with less than 15% water and then an oil emulsion with more than 40% water is applied to the threads, that the threads treated in this way are stretched and wound on a bobbin, that the threads then form a spontaneous crimp to form a pile carpet are processed that on the surface of the pile carpet to fix the spontaneous crimps steam is jetted, and that the pile carpet is immersed in water with a temperature of less than 50 ° C, after which the temperature of the water is then increased above 80 ⁰ C to to split the threads into the two components by means of a hot water treatment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the component ratio of polyamide to polyester is 5: 3 to 5: 2. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composite thread such curl is said to have a spontaneous curl percentage greater than 40%. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hot water treatment takes place in such a way that a percentage of the composite thread splitting of more than 70% is present. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the split There is a shrinkage difference of 2 to 12% for thread components. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hot water treatment is carried out by means of a cleaning or rinsing and a dyeing process. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second stage of Hot water treatment lasts more than 30 minutes. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that to form the so oil emulsion containing less than 15% water, a lubricating oil together with a surface active agent Agent and an antistatic agent is diluted with water or an organic solvent. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that to form the more as an oil emulsion containing 40% water, a lubricating oil together with a surface active agent Agent and an antistatic agent is dissolved or emulsified in water. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the on the composite thread Deposited amounts of oil emulsion containing less than 15% water and more than 40% Water-containing oil emulsion 0.5 to 2.0 wt .-% and 0.3 to 1.5 wt .-% and the total amount of the oil emulsions is 0.8 to 2.5% by weight. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that steam is radiated onto the pile carpet to such an extent that that the pile is strongly compressed.