DE2340567A1 - ADDITIVES FOR LIQUID FUEL - Google Patents

Description

Priority: August 11, 1972 in USA Serial No .: 279 891

The invention relates to spark ignition motor fuels and internal combustion engines. More particularly, the invention relates to a self-cleaning motor fuel that includes additives which reduce or even prevent the formation of precipitates in the carburetor. That's how they are Compositions according to the present invention are particularly effective as carburetor cleaners to clean the carburetor clean and keep clean. Other additives may also be present to reduce deposits in the inflow system, as in the areas around the flow channels and valves, to reduce or prevent. Also concerns the invention, the mixture or the combination of such additives.

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The construction of modern internal combustion engines has been subject to, and is subject to, important changes in order to meet the stricter regulations for engines and exhaust emissions To Consider- A major change in engine design is the feeding or recirculation of blow-by gases from the crankcase into the air inlet to the carburetor instead of venting these gases to the atmosphere, such as this has happened in the past. The blow-through gases contain significant amounts of precipitation-forming substances, and they are known to form deposits in and around the area of the throttle plate of the carburetor. Block these deposits the airflow through the carburetor at idle and at low speeds so that an over-rich Fuel mixture results. This condition makes one rough engine idling, a throttling, and also leads to excessive Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide exhaust emissions that are released into the atmosphere.

In addition to the changes that have already been made, it can be predicted that further requirements and requirements for; internal combustion engines and their materials with the Emergence of new emission control devices such as exhaust gas recirculation systems and catalytic afterburners will come. The use of certain fuel additives, such as alkyl ammonium phosphate cleaning agents, could also restricted or banned because catalytic exhaust gas afterburners use metal catalytic converters that be poisoned by compounds containing phosphorus.

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It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-cleaning Motor fuel to get the specific carburetor cleaning properties owns and the. the carburetor and, if applicable, the rest of the fuel inflow system, like the valves and inlet openings, cleans and keeps them clean. Another object of the present invention is getting a self-cleaning fuel that has low hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions and which avoids the use of phosphorus-containing additives. Yet another aim of the present Invention is a self-cleaning fuel to get the other desirable properties, such as rust and corrosion protection properties, water demulsibility, Has anti-freeze properties, etc. Yet another object of the present invention is to Get multi-function gasoline additives that are effective in the way that they cause precipitate formation Prevent at the inlet valves and are also effective as a carburetor cleaner and at relatively low levels Concentrations (and thus with relatively low costs), for example in a concentration of about 1000 ppm (ppm on a weight basis in the gasoline) or less, and preferably 600 ppm or less, and even more preferred of 400 ppm or less can be used.

There are of course other self-cleaning motor fuels that however, these generally suffer from one or more disadvantages. Either they are in very high concentrations,

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such as on the order of 4000 ppm, or when used in the concentrations of interest are used, the compositions available suffer one or more defects.

It has been found that the combination of (1) certain primary tertiary alkyl amines with a branched backbone and a total of about 6 to 24 carbon atoms and preferably a total of 12 to 22 carbon atoms, (2) a surface-active ammonion carboxylate salt-ethoxylated alkylphenol ester of a trimeric or dimeric acid and (3) a hydrocarbon-soluble polyisobutylene (or polybutene) sus having an average molecular weight of about 700 to about 3000 and a viscosity of about 9000 to 900,000 at 38 ° C (100 ⁰ F) and about 300 to 20,000 SUS at 99 ° C (210 ⁰ F) is effective in reducing or preventing the formation of precipitates in the gasifier and in the rest of the inflow system.

According to the present invention, therefore, one normally obtains a multi-function liquid additive as an additive to a leaded gasoline, a low-level gasoline Lead content or an unleaded gasoline, i.e. a distillate hydrocarbon fuel, which is a major component a hydrocarbon based fuel boiling in the gasoline distillation range. The three component agent, which ranges from about 180 to 1000 parts total on a weight basis, includes about 20 to

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τ- {j. - ΐ

about 250 parts by weight, and preferably about 50 to 100 Parts by weight (1) of a primary branched-chain tert-alkylamine, as described above, about 10 to 100 parts by weight, and preferably about 25 to 50 parts by weight of one (2) alkylammonium carboxylate salt ethoxylated alkylphenol ester of a trimeric or dimeric acid, as described above, and about 150 to about 650 parts by weight, and preferably about 200 to 400 parts by weight (3) of a hydrocarbon soluble polybutenes as described above. at another embodiment of the invention in which the carburetor cleaning and rust prevention per se are primary are desired, the polybutene coraponent (3) can be omitted , and it can thus be used in this case a two-component composition, which on a total weight basis of about 30 to about 350 parts, about 20 to 250 parts by weight, and preferably 50 to 100 parts by weight (1) of the primary branched chain tert.-Alky! amines, which was referred to above, and about 10 to about 100 parts by weight, and preferably about 25 to 50 parts by weight (2) of the above surfactant Salt ester includes - Thus, a preferred two component additive comprises about 50 to 100 parts by weight of (1) and about 25 to 50 parts by weight of (2) for a total of about 25 to about 150 parts by weight.

On a treatment concentrate basis, i.e. the concentration based on the amount of gasoline, the three-component additive should the gasoline in a total concentration of about 130 to about 1000 ppm (weight basis) and on individual

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or component base in an amount of from about 20 to 250 ppm and preferably from 50 to 100 ppm of component (1), from 10 to 100 ppm, preferably from 25 to 50 ppm of component (2) and from 150 to 650 ppm, preferably from 200 to 400 ppm of component (3) can be added. On the basis of pounds per barrel of gasoline this is 5 to 62.5 and preferably 12.5 to 25 pounds per 1000 barrels (bbls) of gasoline of component (1), 2.5 to 25, preferably 6.25 to 12.5 Pounds per 1000 bbls of gasoline of component (2) and 37.5 to 162.5 _f, preferably 50 to 100 pounds per 1000 bbls of gasoline of component (3).

For the two-component additive is the gasoline treatment concentration on a pound per barrel basis, the same as shown for components (1) and (2) above became.

The primary tert-alkylamine with at least one branched Chain can be represented by the following general formula (I)

C —— NHr)

(D

where R ₁ ^{, H 2 and R} 3 are alkyl groups whose total number of carbon atoms is in the range from 6 to 24. It is preferred that two of the R groups, for example the groups

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R 1 and R _{3 of} the tertiary alkyl primary amine are methyl groups.

The primary tert-alkyl amines with a branched chain, which can be used in the agents according to the present invention are, for example, tert-octylamine, tert-nonylamine, tert-dodecylamine, tert-tetradecylamine, tert-octadecylamine, tertiary docosylamine, tertiary tetracosylamine and mixtures from two or more of these amines. These amines are usually prepared by reactions known to those skilled in the art, such as the reaction of nitriles with alkenes or secondary or tertiary alcohols in strongly acidic media. in the Commercially available tertiary alkyl primary amines are often Mixtures. tert-Octylamine has a branched structure of the formula

CH,
ι 3

CH, - C - CH ₂ - C - HH ₂ : CH ₃ CH ₃ :

and the alkyl group of this amine is hereinafter referred to as tert. Called octyl group. One form of tertiary nonylamine is used obtained as a mixture containing the compounds

C ₆ H ₁₃ C (CH ₃
and

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■ "· ft - ''

and has a neutralization equivalent of about 142. A commercially available preparation which is useful in the present invention is available under the trade name "Primene 81-R" which is a mixture of tert-dodecyl, tert-tridecyl and tert-tetradecyl amines, or mainly a mixture of tert -C-. ₂ ^H 25 ^NH 2 to tert-C, ^ H ^ oNH ^ -amines with a neutralization equivalent of about 191. Another commercially available preparation useful in the present invention is available under the trade designation "Primene JM-T" and consists primarily of a mixture of tert-C, QH ₃ -NH ₃ to tert-C ₂₂ H ₄ t -NH ₂ and has a neutralization equivalent of about 315. The essential feature is that in a primary tertiary alkylamine the NH ₂ group is in each case bonded to a carbon atom which does not contain hydrogen atoms, and that in the present invention at least one of the alkyl groups is branched is.

The alkylammonium carboxylate salt-ethoxylated alkylphenol ester of a trimeric or dimeric acid is mainly used added to get rust protection and corrosion protection, but this compound also has some carburetor cleaning activity, and these compounds have the general formula

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I.I t

.Cc-O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n

LCO ₂ ^ NH ₃ R ₆ J ₇

where * η is an average number from 1.5 to 12.5 and preferably from about 3 to 10, in the case of a salt ester of a trimeric acid χ 1 or 2 and y 1 or 2 and the The sum of χ and y is 3, and in the case of a salt ester of a dimeric acid, χ and y are each 1,

R. denotes an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms,

R ₅ denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms,

Rg represents an alkyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms which is a straight or branched chain or an amine-substituted alkyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms. Preferably, R _ß contains 12 to 22 carbon atoms.

Finally, Z is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue of the acid, this being a hydrocarbon residue Has 34 to 51 carbon atoms.

The alkylammonium carboxylate salt ester, i.e. component (2), may be in the form of a derivative of a trimeric acid alone

- Io -

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or a derivative of a dimer acid alone or as Mixture of the derivatives of dimeric and trimeric acid according to the present invention can be used.

The presence of about C. ,, - monocarboxylic acids

.Lo

or the like in the ester or salt form or mixed ester and salt form in minor amounts of about 5% or less less to be tolerated.

1.5 I. R. X Y Tabel 1.5 tert-C _l2 _ _llf 1' i Alkylammonium carboxylate
salt ester η 3 ^ eJTt-C _12-1 I ₊ 2 ¹ I ' A. 3 tert-C ₁₂ _ _lLf 1 B. 5 tert - C _{12 -11f} . 2 1 C. Ί.5 tert - G ₁₂ _ _{15 +} 1 * 2; D. 9-5 tert-G ₁₂ _ ₁ ^ - • ι 2 j E. 9.5 -1 - 2! F. 12.5 ^tert - ^C 12-l ^ 2 1 G 3 ^tert " ^C 12-l ^ ■ 1. ■ 2: H · 3 CH ₂ CH ₂ NH ₂ 2 ¹ I. 3 ' (CH ₂ CH ₂ NH) ₂ H 2 1 J 1.5 '(CH ₂ CH ₂ NH) ₃ H . 2 1 K 3 • f-tay-f- P ■ 1 ^x L. 9.5 tert -C _l2 _ _llf 1 . M. UoJ- L. —v _, _ _ η J. ¹ H" 0

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The polybutene component of the invention consists essentially of polyisobutenes (i.e., polybutenes in which each mono unit in the polymer chain the formula

-C (CH ₃ J ₂ CH ₂ -

which is derived from isobutene), or polybutenes in which the butylene units are derived from 1-butene or 2-butene derive or from copolymers of the various butenes, provided that the polybutene is at ordinary temperatures is liquid and has a molecular weight and viscosity in the ranges defined above. Because of Ease of availability and overall properties, the polyisobutenes are preferred. The term "polyisobutene" (or the equivalent term "polyisobutylene") as used herein means polymers that are in the polymer chain as well may contain smaller amounts of 1-butene and 2-butene units. The polyisobutenes are conveniently obtained by polymerizing of isobutene or mixtures of isobutene with small amounts of 1-butene and / or 2-butene by known methods. Polybutenes which can be used in accordance with the invention are commercially available. More examples more useful Polybutenes are found in British Patent 1,258,549.

The molecular weights given here are mean molecular weights, determined by vapor pressure isometry according to ASTM D-2503 will. So are the polybutene components according to the Er-. Finding with molecular weights in the range from 700 to 3000 Mixtures of polybutene molecules with an average of about 12

- 12 -

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to 54 C ₄ H units in the polymer chain, each molecule containing an olefinic double bond which can be analyzed by titration with bromine according to standard methods such as ASTM D-1159.

The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution among the polybutene molecules in these blends are such that the viscosities of these normally liquid materials range from about 9000 SUS at 38 ° C and from about 300 SUS at 99 ° C for the low molecular weight polymers (700 molecular weight) up to about 900,000 SUS at 38 ° C and about 20 SUS at 99 ° C for the high molecular weight polymers (molecular weight 3000), the viscosities being determined according to ASTM D-445 and 446.

Preferred polybutenes useful in the present invention have molecular weights in the range of 950 to 1400 and viscosities in the range from 1050 to 2990 SUS at 99 ° C and in the range from 40,000 to 123,000 SUS 38 ° C. Preferably the polybutene is mainly (80% or more) polyisobutylene or polyisobutene. Mixtures of two or more of the different polybutenes can be used if so desired.

The polybutenes are the preferred additive for controlling deposit formation in the inflow system (ISD). That However, polybutene can also be replaced in whole or in part by mineral oil for such an ISD control, or

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the polybutene or mineral oil can also be omitted entirely if the ISD control is not considered essential is considered or if other additives. for ISD control can be used.

The alkylammonium carboxylate salt ester can be used in a known manner Manner, such as by acid-catalyzed esterification of a suitable trimeric or dimeric acid, for example in the case of the diester mono salt with two moles of a suitable ethoxylated alkylphenol, and then Conversion of the remaining carboxylic acid function to an alkylammonium carboxylate salt with the addition of a suitable amine. The trimeric acid can be the product resulting from the Trimerization reaction of an unsaturated C - fatty acid derives. An example of a suitable trimeric acid is that acid available under the trade name "Empol 1041" is commercially available. A general reaction scheme for the preparation of an alkylammonium carboxylate salt ester is following:

C ₅₁ (CO ₂ H) ₃ + trimeric acid

, R

V ^Acld , _p / £ ^C0 2 < ^CH 2 ^CH 2 ⁰⁾ n- <o5] _o

2) -2H _o 0 ^{? 1}

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In this, η, R., R ^ and R, have the above meanings, and C ₅₁ is the carbon atom content of the hydrocarbon radical.

The following examples further illustrate the invention, with all parts and percentages being parts and percentages by weight unless expressly stated otherwise. The ability of the additive combinations according to the invention, the carburetor of an internal carburetor engine How to clean and keep it clean is explained with the carburetor cleaning tests described below. The gasoline fuel for Tables II and III (an MS-O8 gasoline) has the following properties:

Heaviness

API 59.7

specific weight at 60 C.

ASTM D-86 distillation, ⁰ ° C

IBP 34

10% 51

50% 96

90% 176

E.P. 207

% won 9 8 ■

% Residue 1

% Loss 1

% Sulfur 0.11

Lead., G / 3.8 liters (galon) 3.03

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40 98 11/08 47

FIA composition

Aromatics,% 23.1

Olefins,% 20.0

saturated hydrocarbons,% 56.9

Oxidation stability, 600+ minutes

ASTM resin residue,
(unwashed), mg / 100 ml 1.0

Octane number 95.5

% H 13.10

% C 86.61

H / C 1.80

Engine test rating of carburetor cleaners with various functions

A. Test for blow-through and cleanliness of the carburetor

1. Engine test procedure

This test (BBCDT cleanliness test) measures ability of a gasoline additive to keep the throttle body area of the carburetor clean and is used with a 1970 Ford CID V-8 engine carried out, which with the help of a special Y-shaped inlet manifold is provided with two carburetors (1 barrel), these two carburetors being independent can be set and activated. With this arrangement, a separate test fuel can be used in each carburetor that supplies four of the eight cylinders via the non-connected feed distribution line. slide Carburetors are modified with removable aluminum bushings,

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BATH ORIGINAL

the balancing of the precipitates in the Accumulate throttle body area to facilitate. The hardness of the test is set in a suitable manner in such a way that that the total amount of blow-by gases, approximately 90 to 110 CFH, is returned to the top of the air purifier so that each carburetor is an equal volume this absorbs gases. An equal intake mixture flow through each carburetor during the first hour of operation with the help of the pressure difference and an analysis of the CO exhaust gas set for the intake manifold. The following test cycle and working conditions are used:

Test cycle: phase I.

Phase II

Test duration, hours of intake air, jacket water, engine oil sump Blow through% CO in exhaust gas, CFH

650 revolutions of the engine per minute, 8 minutes

3000 revolutions of the engine per minute, 1 minute

135 ί 10 ° 19Ο ± 10 °

99 ί 5.5 ° 3.0 ί 0.2

90-110

The weight (mg) of the deposits accumulated on the aluminum sleeve is measured and the mean value for four tests per additive or additive mixture is recorded. _ YJ

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Table II
Blow-through carburetor cleanliness test

Example additive

Treatment concentration, ppm (in gasoline)

Weight of deposit, mg (mean of four trials)

control untreated
petrol 50/25 1 I / II * 50 2 I. 50 3 II H I / II / III '50 5 IV

15.9.

2.3 I.? '

8.6 \ 2.6 '3-3

The additive component I is a tert-C, ₂ ~ ^c 14 ~ alkylaxnine with a highly branched skeleton, a molecular weight mainly in the range from 15 to 213 and a neutralization equivalent of 191. The S-isate component II is essentially an alkylananonium carboxylate salt -Ester of the formula Uli

[CO ₂ (CH ₂ CH ₂ O).

^C 8 ^H

^C 8 ^H 17 ^] 2

(• III) "

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BATH ORIGINAL

wherein Z ^ is the hydrocarbon residue of the product of a triirization of an unsaturated C 1 «fatty acid, the trinere acid being, for example, Empol 1041 (Emery Industries Inc.). Empol 1041 is a mixture of about 90% trimer acid (C-.) And about 10% dimer acid (C -, -). The additional component III is a hydrocarbon-soluble polyisobutylene having an average molecular weight of about 1000, the additive component IVist a tert-C, gC alkylamine _n it highly branched backbone, a molecular weight principally in the range of 269 to '325, and a neutralization equivalent of 315 .

From Table II it can be seen that the additive mixture of Example 1, the 50 parts of component I in Mixture with 25 parts of component II contains, an equally effective carburetor cleaning agent as the mixture according to Example 4. The effectiveness of the carburetor cleaning results from the weight of the deposits with the carburetor cleaning agent The lower the weight of the deposits, the more effective. "For example, the untreated MS-08 gasoline gave a deposit weight of 15.9 ng in. the cleanliness test while the mixture of example 1 gave only 2.3 mg "and the mixture of example 4 only 2.6 mg of deposits, i.e. in both Cases much smaller amounts than with the untreated Petrol. It can also be seen from Table II that Component II has yergasar cleaning properties in addition to its Has anti-rust properties as shown below.

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- IS -

B. Blow-through Carburetor Cleaning Test

The Durchblasvergasar cleaning test (BBCDT cleaning) is carried out to evaluate the ability of a gasoline additive for the area of the Vergaserdrosselkorpers of deposits to liberate or to clean, to be measured, the method is similar to the BBCDT-pollution control process, with the exception that the carburetor aluminum bushings ■ can be polluted by first working with untreated MS-08 gasoline and then cleaning the carburetor by working with gasoline that has been treated with an additive. The test results are recorded as units of weight (mg) of debris accumulated and removed from the sockets and reported as a percentage of cleaning.

Table III

Blow-through carburetor cleaning test

Example additive treatment percentage of

components concentration. Cleaning (means

ppm from four attempts)

6th I / II * 50/25 19.5. 7th I. 50 8th I / II / III 50/25/300 ■ 16.3 ι 9 IV 50 19.6 I. 23.9

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The additive components I, II, III and IV are the same as above. In the cleaning test, the more effective the additive mixture is / the higher the percentage the cleaning is. It can be seen from Table III that Examples 6 and 8 give a strong cleaning. That · untreated MS-08 gasoline, i.e. without additives a value of -22.3% cleaning, i.e. an additional soiling of 22.3%.

C. Servo engine carburetor detergent test

The servo engine carburetor detergent test (SECDT) is similar to the BBCDT test, except that the severity of the test conditions is so appropriately adjusted is that some of the exhaust gases from the Labeco servo motor into the tip of the air cleaner of the Ford carburetor cleaning engine is introduced. This is done to the use of exhaust gas recirculation systems (EGR) to simulate such as those developed by the automotive industry to reduce air pollution by To reduce exhaust gases.

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Table IV

Servo engine carburetor cleaning agent test.

Purity

Example additive treatment weight of the

component concentration deposits, ppm (in gasoline) mg

10.G ^lm9 : \

Control untreated
Gasoline 1 I / II - 10 Γ 50/25 11 II * 50 12th 25th

Additive components I and II are the same as above.

The gasoline used in this test reported in Table IV is unleaded gasoline with the following properties:

Octane number (R0N) _Q

Distillation, C 912-910

IBP 31-32

10% 52 54

50% 101-107

90% 173-175

E.P. 196-212

FIA

% Aromatics 23.9-25.9

% Olefins 13.7-15.8

% saturated hydrocarbons 57.4 - 58.3

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Sulfur, wt% resin (washed), mg Lead, ppm

0.088 - O _r O34 O, S 0 , 6 - I , S

Examination of Table IV shows that the mixture of components I and II in. This purity key the smallest amount of deposit results »

D. Inflow System Deposition Test

1. Engine test procedure

The Inflow System Deposition Test (ISDT) is used to assess the ability of gasoline additives or admixtures to remove deposits in the inflow system. . control, evaluate. The test runs, using a Briggs and Stratton prime mover, for each test with a single cylinder fresh air cooled, 4 cycles and 2.5 horsepower. The engine runs for 150 hours at 3000 rpm and with 21 horsepower per hour of load - with one hour being switched off every 10 hours to check the oil level. Carbon monoxide emissions measurements are taken every hour to ensure that a constant air to fuel (A / F) ratio is maintained.

Upon completion of the test, the engine is partially disassembled, and the intake valve and intake port v / grounds are checked and the deposits on these parts are collected and weighed.

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Table V
Inflow system deposit test

Example additive

Treatment concentration, ppm (in gasoline)

Deposits on valve and opening, mg

untreated
petrol - lh I / II ■ 250/25 15th I / II / III * 250/25/300

977

The additive components I, II and III are the same as above.

The untreated gasoline was the same as used in the test reported in Table IV. example 15 with the combination of components I, II and III shows improved inflow system deposit control, wherein it must be taken into account that components I and II are added for carburetor cleaning and rust protection should be.

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Table VI

Rust protection test (ASTM-D-665)

Example additive treatment percent rusted

concentration, area ppm

80

65 2

16 Isooctane
(Control) - 17th I / II 250/20 18th I. 250 ' 19th II 20th

Additive components I and II are the same as above.

Table VI above shows that the blend of I and II gives good rust inhibition and a substantial improvement versus component (I), i.e. only 1% rusted area versus 65% rusted area in the ASTM test above.

As stated above, the polyisobutylene or polybutene component be omitted entirely when the inflow system deposit control is not considered necessary, or it can be made up in whole or in part by mineral oil exchanged to control the deposits in the inflow system. If mineral oil is used, however, should it generally be used in a higher treatment con-

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centering can be used for the ISD control, as with-? for example, with a concentration that is 2 to 5 times as high v / ie the polybutene component.

There can also be other additives to the two-component or three-component additives according to the present invention Invention can be added. It is also sometimes desirable to use a smaller amount of an alcohol, such as n-butanol, such as about 5 to 15 percent by weight, in the three-component Add additives to prevent separation of the three-component solution during storage and so improve the handling.

Although the above description refers to component (II) as an ethoxylated ester, the equivalents can also be used propoxylated analogous compounds can be used. When in the claims and description of alkylammonium carboxylate salt ethoxylated Alkylphenol esters of a trimer acid or dimer acid are mentioned, this name should be used also genes of such trimer acid and dimer acid salt esters lock in.

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Claims (12)

Claims IJf additives for fuels, characterized in that they contain a mixture of about 20 to 250 parts by weight of a primary tert-alkylamine with a branched backbone and a total of 6 to 24 carbon atoms and about 10 to 100 parts by weight of a surface-active alkylammonium carboxylate salt-ethoxylated alkylphenol ester of a trimer or Include dimer acid. 2.) Means according to claim 1, characterized in that the Mixture additionally about 150 to 650 parts by weight of a hydrocarbon-soluble polybutene with a medium Contains molecular weight from about 700 to 3000. 3.) Composition according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that there is at least one compound of the general formula as the surface-active alkylammonium carboxylate salt ethoxylated alkylphenol ester of a trimeric or dimer acid contains, in which η is on average a number from 1.5 to 12.5, in which in the case of the salt ester of a trimer acid χ is 1 or 2 and y is 1 or 2 and the sum of χ and y and, in the case of a salt ester of a dimer acid, χ and y each are 1, _ 27 - 409811/0847 R. an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms, R _{5 is} a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, Rg is a straight-chain or branched-chain or amine- substituted alkyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms and Z is the saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical of the acid, which contains 34 to 51 carbon atoms, mean. 4.) Agent according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the primary tert-alkylamine has 12 to 22 carbon atoms
contains. 5.) agent 'according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the primary tert-alkylamine in an amount of about 50
to 100 parts by weight in the mixture. 6.) Composition according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that the polybutene consists essentially entirely of polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of about 950 to about 1400. 7.) Composition according to claim 3 to 6, characterized in that in the salt ester η 3 to 10, χ 3, y 1 and Z is a hydrocarbon radical means having about or an average of 51 carbon atoms. 4098 11/0847 8.) Means according to claim 7, characterized in that η 3 means. 9.) Means according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that that the mixture contains the salt ester in an amount of about 25 to 50 parts by weight. 10.) Means according to claim 2 to 9, characterized in that that the mixture contains the hydrocarbon-soluble polybutene in an amount of about 200 to 400 parts by weight. 11.) Use of an agent according to claim 1, 3 to 5 and 7 to 9 as an additive to motor fuels, the majority of which consists of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range, in an amount of from about 30 to 350 ppm, preferably from about 75 to 150 ppm, based on weight of fuel. 12.) Use of an agent according to claim 2 to 10 according to claim 11 in an amount of about 180 to 1000 ppm, preferably from about 275 to 550 ppm based on the weight of the fuel. 409811/0847