DE2310975A1 - SMALL DIMENSIONED, STRONG CURRENT SWITCHING DC RELAY - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys

DIpI. - Inq. E. Eder

Dlpl-lng. K. Schisschke

Mönchen 13, Elisabethstrasse 34

TRvV Inc. ,
Cleveland, Ohio

United States

Small-dimensioned, high-current switching direct current relay

The DC relay according to the invention is very small dimensions, can switch high currents and is particularly applicable in automotive engineering.

The aim has always been to be able to switch strong currents, roughly in the order of magnitude of 2o to 3o amperes, with small-dimensioned direct current relays. There are three constructions from which one can choose a useful organization of the components. In all cases
the relay comprises a movable armature with switch contacts and a pivot point, the armature through the
Magnetic flux generated by a relay winding around the
Pivot point is pivotable. Either the winding can
between the pivot point and the contacts, the pivot point
between the winding and the contacts or, finally, the contacts can be between the winding and the fulcrum. Well-known miniature direct current relays for high currents

309837/0939

ORIGINAL INSPECTiO

belong to the first kind, i.e. H. the winding lies between the fulcrum and the contacts. This leads to higher Cost as the winding is within the armature structure can be attached, d. H. is partially enclosed by the anchor. This arrangement is for the automatic Mounting unsuitable, especially if the 'winding has a separate core section that is connected to a other core part must be connected. The elasticity of an anchor is the only spring function for tried to use this. In these cases, however, you have an anchor pivot point through the articulation of a movable core part on a fixed core part created, with the material of the armature a spring effect comes about, thereby separating between to restrict the core parts to a single air gap. This leads to a complicated production, requires an inadmissible number of parts and causes difficulties when the spring tension is set differently, that moves the anchor.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a compact relay that is very strong in relation to its size Can switch currents. In addition, a self-cleaning or cleaning movement is intended in a relay according to the invention of contacts take place against each other. The relay should also be designed so that it is in relation to known Constructions can work extremely long and reliably. In addition, the relay according to the invention is made up of its individual parts easy and quick to assemble.

309837/0939

For a more detailed explanation of the invention, reference is made to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing referenced.

In the drawing shows:

Fig. 1 A side view of a relay according to the invention, insignificant parts have been omitted;

Fig. 2 shows a modified embodiment of the helix;

3 shows a schematic representation of the pivoting movement of the relay armature in FIGS. 1 and 2;

4 shows the relative movement in an enlarged illustration the contacts in a changeover relay similar to FIG. 1;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the relay;

Fig. 6 is a further view of the anchor in the case of the invention Relay.

The HQCHSTROMRELATS according to Figures 1 and 5 shows one Base 1o made of a suitable insulating material, such as a phenolic resin or the like to which a core made of a ferromagnetic tape material is more uniform Thickness and width is mounted. A magnetic core with a lower fixed core part 12 is with the

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Base 1o strongly connected. The core part is U-shaped and includes a first, upwardly projecting leg 14 carrying a winding, at the top with a free one End 16 and a second, likewise upwardly protruding and an anchor-bearing leg 18, which is also a has free end. The magnetic core further comprises an upper, movable Z-shaped core part 2o of a band-shaped material that forms an approximately horizontal leg 22, the free end of which from the upper or free end 16 of the winding-carrying leg 14 is separated by a first air gap 24, and one downward leg 26, the lower end of which from the upper or free end of the armature supporting Leg 18 is separated by a second air gap 28. A magnet winding 3o on a bobbin 32 is around the leg 14 of the lower or fixed Core part 12 attached. The two parts described above allow an approximately rectangular, closed Magnetic field which is divided into two core parts by the air gaps 24 and 28. The magnetic field is created by excitation the winding 3o generated.

An elongated, flat and resilient armature 34 consists of Electrically conductive phosphor bronze, spring steel or the like is used for the pivotable and resilient connection a movable contact piece with the movable core part 2o and presses the horizontal leg 22 resiliently away from the leg 14 of the stationary core part 12 carrying the winding. As especially Figures 1 and let recognize ^ is the resilient armature 34- preferably from a single, continuous band of a resilient one

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Material and includes a downward anchoring section 96, a support or Tfagabschnitt 28, which protrudes almost vertically outward from the magnetic core, a curved and resilient bearing or gel section 4o, between which the anchoring and the support section, a row contact section 42 on the outer or free.-end of the anchor and a free, flexible Arm portion 44 extending therebetween and the free contact portion 42 with the support portion 38 connects. The downward anchoring section 36 is rigidly connected to the armature supporting leg 18 of the stationary core part 12, while the free KontaVtabschnitt 42 of the spring armature carries a movable contact 46 of the relay. The spring anchor 34 can on Leg 18 fastened in the usual way by rivets be. It is advantageous, however, if the leg carrying the armature has outwardly protruding projections, notches or beads is provided, for example made by punching, the corresponding recesses in the Anchoring portion 36 of the anchor are added and which are then knocked into head-shaped sections that hold the anchor securely on the leg 18.

The movable core part 2o also includes an after outwardly protruding leg 48, approximately perpendicular to the downward leg 26, so that an approximately Z-shaped, movable core part arises, the outwardly protruding leg 48 by rivets or other parts with the Support portion 38 of the resilient armature 34 in the vicinity of the beginning of the curved joint portion 4o rigidly connected is. As a result of the elasticity of the resilient anchor

309837/0939

The movable core part 2o is rotatably supported relative to the stationary core part 12 about a zone of rotation defined by the curved joint section 4o of the armature 34 and is pushed away by the armature from the leg 14 carrying the winding, as shown in solid lines. The counterclockwise movement of the movable core part 2o towards the winding 3o, when this is energized, is transmitted to the sections 38, 42 and 44 of the spring anchor due to the rigid connection between them, so that the movable core part 2o and the spring ^ nker 34 come into the position indicated by dashed lines.

If the spring armature 34 consists of a ferromagnetic material, such as spring steel, it bridges or closes the second air gap 28 by the bent joint section 4o, which connects the fixed core part 12 to the movable core part 2o. The magnetic core then effectively only has a single air gap 24.

A fixed contact piece 5o is connected to the base 1o in the vicinity of the movable contact piece 46 via an upwardly extending bracket 52. The bracket is preferably made of electrically conductive material. If the relay is not disassembled, the two contact pieces 5o and 46 are separated by a contact gap 54 .

According to FIG. 3, the upper end 16 of the arm 14 carrying the winding and the spring property of the resilient joint portion 4o of the armature define a first angle of rotation for the movement θ ^ of the free end of the movable core part 2o around the joint portion 4o.

309837/0939. -? ~

In addition, the contact gap 54 and the joint section 4o for the free, flexible arm section 44 - and thus for the contact section 42, limit a second angle of rotation Gp about this joint, which is smaller than the angle θ ^. When the winding 3o is excited, the movable core part 2o and the free section of the spring armature 34 are pivoted counterclockwise into the position shown in dashed lines "and the movable contact piece 46 hits the fixed contact piece 5o before the movable core part 2o reaches the upper end 16 of the fixed one Touches the core part, ie when the movable core part 2o rotates through an angle approximately equal to G _2. The movable core part then continues to rotate through the remaining angle θ ^ until it meets the upper end 16. The movable contact piece 46 can however, due to the fixed contact piece 5o, do not move further outward, so that the flexible arm section 44 of the spring armature bends or arches outward, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG.

This curvature of the spring armature outwardly shortens its effective length and the movable contact piece 46 thus experiences an upward movement, sliding or wiping upward over the fixed contact piece 50, as the double arrow in FIG. 1 shows. After the winding 3o has been switched off, the described consequence is reversed, ie the movable core part 2o moves clockwise away from the stationary core part under the action of the spring armature. In this case, the movable contact piece 46 is first pressed further against the fixed contact piece slides or 5o and finally wipes when the spring anchor gradually

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Arches less, downwards over the fixed contact piece, until the compressive and bending forces on the armature cease, d. H. when the movable core part 2o from the position shown in solid lines is approximately the angle θ ~ achieved. The anchor assumes its original, unloaded shape and effective length, the flexible arm section 44 and the movable contact piece 46 return by rotating movement through the angle Gp around the hinge portion 4o back to the original position drawn in full.

In Fig, 1, the spring anchor 34 is with its free, flexible Arm portion 44 bent approximately perpendicular to the support portion to thereby increase the compact shape of the relay. If, however, the space requirement is not critical, the modified embodiment according to FIG. 2 can be used use. This is essentially the same as that of FIG. 1, with the exception that the free one Contact portion 42 and the free flexible arm portion 44 with the support portion 38 approximately in a straight line Line lie and form a straight extension, so that the rotational movement of the contact portion 42 approximately done vertically and not horizontally. The fixed contact piece 5o is in this case on an upward going bracket 52a with a horizontally extending Piece 56 attached to which the contact piece 5o in the Movement path of the movable contact piece 46 is fixed. As described for FIG. 1, limited the contact gap 54, which is narrower than the gap 24 between the movable core part 2o and the leg of the fixed core part 12, the angular rotary

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movement of the free contact piece 42 of the armature around the Hinge portion 38 to an angle that is less than that of the horizontal leg 22 of the movable core part. As a result, when the winding is excited 3o the resulting rotational movement of the leg 22 and the free, flexible arm portion 44 of the latter upwards bulge, as indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 2 ', whereby its length is shortened and a transverse wiping or Sliding movement of the movable contact piece 46 over the fixed contact piece 5o according to the double arrow comes about.

In Fi'g *. 4 the type of bend or curvature of the armature is shown in detail by the free contact section 42 between the de'i · ⁵ bf'fenen and closed position according to FIG. ¹ The arrangement according to FIG. 2 thus corresponds to the special alignment of the free contact section and the two contacts. Fig. 4 also shows the expansion of the above-described relay according to the invention by a further fixed and movable contact piece in a changeover relay. A second, movable contact piece 56 is attached to the free contact section 42, preferably opposite the already existing contact piece 46, which interacts with a second, stationary contact piece 58 on an upwardly projecting bracket 6o, which is separate therefrom and which otherwise corresponds to bracket 52 so that the pair of contacts indicated by dashed lines in this "figure is obtained.

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309837/0939 "*» · «· *> AL INSPECT»

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The bracket 6o and the stationary contact piece 58 are opposite the free contact section 42 of the armature 34 preferably arranged so that the latter as a result of his Elasticity, in particular of the joint section 4ο ·, -das movable contact piece 56 presses sufficiently firmly against the fixed contact piece 58, so that the armature is reversed or bent inward, as indicated by dashed lines, when the winding 3o is not energized. 'When the winding is excited, a pivoting movement takes place of the free contact portion 42 and the contact piece 46 meets the stationary contact piece 5o, the armature is bent or arched upwards, as shown in dashed lines indicated, and the movable contact piece 46 wipes or slides upward over the stationary contact piece 5o. However, since the anchor initially arched inwards the second movable contact piece 56 shows a similar upward sliding or wiping movement via the second, fixed contact piece 58 » before contact with this is broken. The reverse Pivoting movement of the armature 34 causes a downward wiping movement in a similar manner one after the other of the two movable contact pieces via the associated fixed contact pieces.

According to Fig. 5 are on the base 1o suitable electrical Connections attached that go down and the winding 3o with the contact pieces 46 and 5o (as well as the additional contact piece? 58 in the case of a changeover switch according to FIG. 4) in the associated circuit. A first downward connection 62 is connected to the fixed contact piece 5o via the electrically conductive bracket 52 connected. A second connection, which goes down, is connected to the one end of the line 66 of the winding 3o.

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'ORIGINAL irtSPfö

309837/0939

binding. A third, downward port 66 is with the other end of the line (not shown) and with the anchoring section J6 of the electrically conductive spring anchor 34 connected. The latter conducts the electrical current to the contact piece 46 connected to it The weighing or actuation circuit thus runs over connections 64 and 68, while the contact or relay-controlled circuit is connected to connections 62 and 68. In the switching version according to FIG. 4, a not shown additional connection to the second, stationary contact piece 58 in a suitable manner electrically tied together.

The free, flexible arm section 44 of the spring anchor 34 can thus be bent or arched and thereby causes a wiping or sliding movement between stationary and movable contact piece, as already described above for each embodiment, so that burnouts, Corrosion or erosion of the contacts as a result of arcing when opening and closing of the relay can be practically eliminated. This allows the relatively small relay according to the invention currents of Switch up to 50 amps. In addition, since the anchor 34 only pivots around a single joint limited by it, d. H. around the resilient hinge portion 4o is an outer one or separate hinge construction is not required, as is characteristic of known relays. Shear forces are practically avoided, so that the relay according to the invention a considerably greater reliability and Lifetime reached than was previously possible. You can do 150,000 to 1 million operations without anticipate structural failure.

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As a result of the arrangement of the individual parts of the relay according to the invention, in particular the magnetic core and the armature, the relay can be assembled quickly and easily in automatic assembly devices. Attaching the winding 30 and the bobbin 32 to one of the straight upwardly protruding legs, here the leg 14, the U-shaped, fixed core part 12, enables a substantial pre-assembly of parts of magnetic cores and armature before the winding 30 is attached. In particular, the fixed core part can be brought into the shape shown, the winding 30 placed on the leg 14, whereupon the movable KeiEfceil 20 and the armature 34- , preferably by pre-assembly into a single unit over the anchoring section 36 of the armature on the other leg 18 of the fixed core part are fastened. In contrast, it was in known constructions with a fixed magnetic core, which at least partially encloses the winding, required that the winding is wound on the unshaped core blank, whereupon it is bent or otherwise shaped, which makes machining considerably more difficult and the risk of damage to the comparatively sensitive winding increases.

The relay according to the invention thus covers in its basic form a stationary core part 12. A movable core part 20 is separated therefrom by two air gaps 24 and 28, so that an approximately rectangular magnetic core is obtained which can be closed magnetically. The anchor 34 consists of a single, continuous and electrically conductive band made of resilient material and forms an anchoring section 36 which is fastened to the stationary core part 12, anx bent and fe- )

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derenden hinge section 4o in the vicinity "of the anchoring section 36, to limit the only hinge of the anchor, a support section 38 on the hinge section and rigidly connected to the movable core part 2o, which keeps the latter separated from the fixed core part 12 via the air gaps 24 and 28 and the movable Core part around the fixed core part by a first angle θ ^, rotatably holds, a free contact portion 42 with the movable contact piece 46 and a free, flexible arm portion 44 for connecting the contact portion 42 with the support portion 38, the hinge portion by a second angle θ ~, which is smaller than Q ^ rotatably. the magnetic field is generated by a arranged on the fixed core member 12 winding 3o.

309837/0939

Claims (1)

Claims 1. J Small, strong. Current switching direct current relay, characterized by a fixed iron core made of a ferromagnetic strip material of uniform thickness and width, by a movable core part made of the same strip material, which forms a closed magnetic field together with the fixed core part after two air gaps are closed, by a hot armature made of an electrically conductive one Spring material of uniform cross-section, which is held on the fixed core part via an anchoring section, by a bent and resilient bearing or hinge section, which forms the only hinge for the relay armature in the vicinity of the Yerankerungsabschnittes, by a located in the vicinity of the hinge section, the support section carrying the movable core part, which allows a first angle of rotation of the free end of the movable core part about the joint, by a free, flexible arm section between a free contact section and the support section, whereby a second smaller angle of rotation of the flexible arm portion is defined about the hinge, and by one on the fet; Relay winding arranged t standing core part, which, when energized, allows the movable core part, the flexible arm and the contact section to perform a pivoting movement. 309837/0939 Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed core part is U-shaped and forms two spaced-apart, approximately straight upwardly projecting legs, that the relay winding is fastened around one of the upwardly projecting legs, that the anchoring section of the armature connected to the other of the upwardly projecting legs, that the first air gap of the core between the upper end of the first of the upwardly projecting legs and the free end of the movable core part and that the second air gap between 'the upper end of the other upwardly projecting Leg and an intermediate portion of the movable core part is present. Relay according to Claim 2, characterized by a movable one Contact piece, attached to the contact portion of the armature, and by a fixed contact piece, which is usually separated from it by a distance less than the first of the two Air gaps in the iron core, so that when this contact is closed, the relay winding is excited. the flexible arm portion of the anchor is bent or arched and a transverse V / isch movement of the Moving contact piece causes over the fixed contact piece. Relay according to Claim 1, characterized in that the armature is U-shaped and that the free, flexible Arm portion and the free contact portion of the anchor bent approximately perpendicular to the support portion are. 309837/0939 7310975 5 · Heiais according to claim 1, characterized in that the free, flexible arm portion and the free contact portion of the anchor with the Stütaabschnitt approximately run in a line. 6. Relay according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable core is approximately L-shaped and two approximately vertical legs on v / eist that the first Leg runs approximately horizontally and has a free end that the free end of the movable Core part forms that the second leg is fixed to the first leg and from this goes down and that a further leg attached to the lower end of the second leg is and runs approximately parallel to the first leg, offset against this and an approximately Z-shaped Forms core part, this further leg being fastened to the support portion of the anchor and the intermediate portion of the movable core part further connects the second leg Thigh includes. 7. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor made of a ferromagnetic or iron-like one Material exists and effectively bridges one of the two air gaps in the core. ■ nwflite Dipl.-Ing. E. Eder DIpI.-Ing. K. Schieschke 8 Munich 13, Elisabe * ftttra8e34 309837/0 9 39