DE2309219A1 - BUMPER SUSPENSION FOR VEHICLES ELASTOMER BRAKE WITH COLLET - Google Patents

Description

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January 26, 1973

Klenna / Ed PA 90 004

Bumper suspension for motor vehicles "Elastomer brake with collet"

The invention relates to a bumper suspension for motor vehicles, in which the bumper is supported on a spring block via a tube that can be moved in the direction of impact is located in a bearing housing rigidly attached to the vehicle.

According to future safety regulations must Motor vehicles at a speed of nearly 18 km / h can hit an atarres obstacle, without that for the ability to drive Important parts of the vehicle or the occupants are damaged or injured. This at Impact forces and energies occurring at such high speeds are partially absorbed compliant safety bumpers and on the other hand by the bumper suspension picked up or destroyed.

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The provisions go further, in that a large part of the recorded Impact energy must be destroyed and the system automatically resets itself.

To solve this problem, a series of several in a row has already been proposed to use switched elastomer buffers, into which the impact energy is then introduced will. However, these elastomer buffers can be used in the restricted space ratios are not dimensioned sufficiently strong so that they absorb too little energy have and push the bumpers back so quickly and powerfully that this the whole vehicle is pushed back.

Furthermore, in the case of pulling and pushing devices, central buffer couplings for rail vehicles known, introduced impact forces via metallic wedge bearings or annular spring bodies to be introduced into the vehicle frame.

Here metallic wedges and counter wedges are used, which are subject to metallic friction slide on each other. The metallic friction is very dependent on the weather; and only has an Rbg coefficient less than 0.1; further The spring devices work with a short stroke, which is unfavorable for motor vehicles Characteristic with. brings itself.

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The object of the invention is therefore to provide a bumper cushioning of the type mentioned at the beginning Kind of creating that knows how to avoid the kach parts of the known ones in their force-displacement diagram has an almost horizontal force-displacement line and already at the beginning of the impact movement a high and then constant has permanent employment; a slow return movement with low restoring forces executes and the in the already determined bearing housing for usual bumper suspension can be installed without significant modifications of the same.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a bumper cushioning to the effect that that the bumper in the direction of impact with the spring block over the against each other Parts of an elastic acting perpendicular to the direction of impact outwards against the wall of the bearing housing Friction brake in Guiomi metal construction is connected, wherein the one part of the friction brake is connected to the pipe and the other part supports the yederblock via an inner tube that can be telescopically displaced in the tube, which in turn is rigid with the tube or the bumper after a selectable stroke is coupled.

It is essential to the invention that the friction brake consists of "an inner ring and an in There is an outer ring divided into segments, between which a circumferential,

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wide parting line inclined against the direction of impact is recessed, which lies in an imaginary cone that opens towards the bumper and is filled by an elastomer body connected to the inner and outer rings by vulcanization. ^:

For the high force absorption at the beginning of the movement and reliable operation of the Bumper cushioning is also important that the inner ring is slidable on the inner tube is and the segments of the outer ring

wear their outer circumferential surfaces glued friction linings with which they are attached to the inner wall of the Bearing body or a friction tube held therein.

A simpler design of such a bumper cushioning can also be characterized be that the brake is made of individual rubber-metal blocks distributed over the circumference of the pipe consists of a wedge-shaped lower part, an elastomer intermediate layer and a wedge-shaped upper part, on the upper side of which a friction lining is glued, is formed will.

A desired high initial force absorption and a safe return of the entire bumpers after removal of the shock is finally achieved in that the bumper cushioning is under pressure because the ' Tube is caught opposite to the direction of impact by a stop on the bearing housing.

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The invention is described below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing be described.

Figure 1 shows a cross section of a bumper suspension ,

Figure 2 and Figure 3 are perspective views of usable in the bumper suspension Gurami metal elements.

In Figure 1, the cover 10 is the rear part of a bumper, not shown denotes, of which a rigid drill 11 with a stop flange 12 to one in one with the vehicle frame firmly connected bearing housing 13 held bumper suspension leads. Liese comprises a friction brake 14, which is followed by a spring block 15, not shown in detail is. The friction brake 14 consists of an inner ring 16, which has an outer ring of equal width 17 is opposite at a distance, the parting line 18 lying between the two by a both iait the inner ring 16 as the outer ring 17 is filled with the elastomer layer 19 connected by vulcanization will. The parting line 18 runs diagonally against the direction of impact (arrow 20) and in an imaginary cone that turns towards the bumper opens out. The outer ring 17 i3t divided over the circumference into individual segments, whose Outer surfaces are provided with friction linings 21 glued thereon. The friction linings 21 are either directly on the bearing housing 13 or it is as shown here - one immovable in the bearing housing held friction tube 22 is provided.

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The stop flange 12 of the tube 11 lies in the direction of impact (arrow 20) on the inner ring 16 at; on the segments of the outer ring 17 engages on the rear side of the friction brake 14, a pressure element 23 which is rigidly connected to a tube 24 which leads into and to the spring block 15. The pipe 24 is toward the bumper 10 through the inner ring 16 and tube 11 - in both telescopically displaceable - extended and ends at a distance 25 in front of the bumper 10.

Figures 2 and 3 show rubber-metal elements and 40 »which can be used in place of the elastomer brake 14 shown in FIG. The rubber-metal part 30 in turn has a wedge-shaped lower part 31 »which is attached via a Intermediate elastomer layer 32 connected to the likewise wedge-shaped upper part 33 is, the underside of the lower part 31 and the upper side of the upper part 33 the curvatures of tubes 24 and 22 respectively. Here, too, there is a friction lining on the upper side of the upper part 33 34 glued on.

A simplified embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, in which a lower part 41 and an upper part 42 a friction lining 43 is glued on. This rubber-metal part 40 is used for bumper suspension used, which have a non-circular cross-section.

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As is known in such spring devices, this bumper cushioning is also in the pre-tensioned condition installed. The preload is generated here in that the bearing housing 13 or the friction tube 22 has inwardly pointing projections 26 over the stop flange Grab 12 and prevent it from moving in the opposite direction to the direction of impact (arrow 20).

The device works as follows:

If a shock is introduced via the bumper 10, the tube 11 moves in the direction of the arrow 20 and takes the inner ring 16 with it. Due to the bias, however, the outer ring 17 is over the Pressure element 23 and the tube 24 held by the spring block 15, so that the inclined surfaces the parting line 18 run against each other. This creates a perpendicular to the wall of the friction tube 22 directional force and movement components, which presses the friction lining 21 firmly against the friction tube 22, as a result of which it continues to move a large part of the impact energy is destroyed by frictional work. To avoid the Friction brake 14 wedged completely in the friction tube 22 and the bumper cushioning suddenly is hard, the front end of the tube 24 comes after the hub 25 to the plant on the bumper 10 and the Impact force or movement is introduced directly into the spring block 15 by bridging the friction brake 14.

When the shock load is removed, the load is first relieved and thus the Guromi metal part is deformed back, so that the energy stored in the spring block

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only opposed to the original frictional force. The bumper will be back returned to the original position.

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Claims (6)

GESELLSCHAFT FÜR TECHNISCHEN FORTSCHRITT mbH HÖHE - GRENZHAUSEN January 26, 1973 Klemm / Ed PA 90 004 PATENT CLAIMS 1.] Bumper suspension for motor vehicles, J in which the bumper is over a. in the direction of impact movable pipe is supported on a spring block, which is in a; The bearing housing rigidly attached to the vehicle is located, characterized in that the bumper (10) in the direction of impact (20) with the spring block (15) via the mutually movable (inner ring 16, outer ring 17) parts of a perpendicular to the direction of impact outwards against the wall of the bearing housing acting, elastic friction brake (14) is connected in rubber-metal construction, whereby one part (inner tube 16) of the friction brake is connected to the tube (11) and the other part (outer ring 17) via an in the tube (11 ) telescopically displaceable inner tube (24) acts on the spring block (15), which in turn is rigidly coupled to the tube (11) or the bumper (10) after a selectable stroke (25). - 2 409835 / 0U9 2. bumper cushioning according to claim 1, characterized in that the friction brake (14) from an inner ring (16) and an outer ring divided into segments (17) exists, between which a circumferential, wide and opposite the joint (18), which is inclined in the direction of impact, is left out, in an imaginary cone that opens towards the bumper (10) and connected to the inner and outer rings by vulcanization Elastomer body (19) is filled. 3. bumper cushioning according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the Inner ring (16) is displaceable on the inner tube (24) and the segments of the outer ring (17) carry friction linings (21) glued to their outer circumferential surfaces which they on the inner wall of the bearing body (13) or a friction tube held therein (22) are in contact. 4. bumper cushioning according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the friction brake individually distributed over the circumference of the pipe rubber-metal blocks (30,40), each consisting of a wedge-shaped Lower part (31,41), an elastomer intermediate layer and a wedge-shaped upper part (32,42), on the upper side Riding surface (34,43) is glued on. - 3 409835/0 U9 r- 5. Bumper cushioning after the previous ones Claims, characterized in that it is under compressive prestress. 6. bumper cushioning according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (11) opposite to the direction of impact (20) through a stop (26) of the bearing housing3 (13) is intercepted. 409835 / 0U9 Lee r side