DE2210404A1 - Vibration motor - Google Patents

Description

OMEGA Louis Brandt & Frere S.A.

2500 Blenne (Suisse) March 3, 1972

Wind motor

The present invention relates to a Schwinf-Unpsmotor for Application in time measurement technology.

In vibratory motors electrical watches _s in which a vibrator is part of a elektrc mechanical oscillator, which forms the transition folder of a PM and its resonance oscillations are maintained by electric drive, in general, is a transducer which periodically repeating _s essentially translational movements allows the vibrator.

As is well known, a resonator in the Schwinpunpisstatus is characterized in a certain way Resonance frequency due to relative large internal Energy and through low energy, r; iesumn.tz to the outside. the The invention also extends to Schwin.runr'smotoren, their The oscillator cannot be operated in the state of a resonance frequency.

February 23, 1972 / ku

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In most of the vibration motors of the type mentioned, a drive pawl is fixed to the vibrator and aligned in the direction of vibration. This drive pawl engages in the teeth of a ratchet wheel, the pivot bearing of which is arranged immovably with respect to the oscillator. In the Z ^ of the ratchet wheel teeth engages also the fixed end _s is also immovable with respect to the vibrator a retaining pawl.

The operating frequency of oscillation motors of the named type is usually around 200 to 700 oscillations per second. The diameter of switchgear of known construction is around 1 to 3 now. These figures already show that the parts of vibration motors that convert the periodic, translatory movements into rectified rotary movements, present the designer with major technological problems. For example, the motion conversion efficiency must be very high for two reasons. The first reason is that the energy consumption of a _3-Schwinp ungsmotors example for small stirring a certain value must not exceed the certain Energioinhalt from a battery Grosso and depends on demands of the market. The second reason lies in the fact that energy losses lead to the destruction of a vibration motor when the power loss exceeds a certain value. In order to achieve a high level of efficiency, the pawls must be precisely adjusted in relation to the ratchet wheel and particularly resistant materials. The setting of the pawls and the storage of the ratchet wheel in known vibration motors are unfortunately subject to undesirable changes in the course of operation, since the fastening

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points from Schwinrer, Schr.ltrr.d and. Ilaltic handle on a base plate In general they diverged in proportion and all parts both thermal and mechanical influences failed to do so.

Insofar as wave motors of the type mentioned serve as synchronous motors or even as gear folders for clocks, it is expected that a certain frequency of periodic evaluations or periodic current surges of electrical energy is converted into rotation of a certain speed. This expectation bedinrt. That <fie amplitudes of Bewefunfen ^<e s oscillator within certain limits must be pehalten constant *, and (barrel the positions of the pawls and the ratchet wheel to each other in enrren limits remain unchanged. In the known vibration smo tor s are the The mentioned condition p-unrcn is very difficult to meet.

Another problem with vibration motors of an external type can be explained by the fact that, for example, in the application for wristwatches, the entire energy consumption should be in the order of only a few microwatts. The useful forces that arise in a vibration engine are accordingly (rerinr. Therefore, even very small interference forces can lead to operational failures. The applicant is responsible for avoiding this problem (-anren _s Schal trader e'er

* ■■ Schwincunps motors with the associated parts in a liquid

Keit Eering.er viscosity ^ e.g. from 1 CSt ₅ for example OeI ₅ to lar.ern and thus to remedy a pressing part of the aforementioned difficulties.

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The storage of the ratchet wheel comes in such oscillating motors of course the greatest importance to; for as a result of the smallness of the parts which move relative to each other, there can be little dust slow down this movement significantly.

The invention has the Aufgrabe basis ₃ to solve the above problems and to provide a vibration motor whose production · tolerances and operational safety are big, and the sensitive elements can be auewechseln at Betriebestörunren with little means, little knowledge and less exercise.

The solution of this object is gornäss the Erfindunr that on a vibrator at least one, is to Schwingrichtunp at least approximately parallel pawl as well as a rectifying element> which are operatively connected to a wheel, that furthermore the switch wheel with the same oscillator operatively connected to and magnetically coupled to a clutch wheel is coupled, whose axis of rotation only executes a rotary movement in relation to the space, and that the ratchet wheel, pawl and rectification element can be set in reciprocal movements at least in the direction of oscillation under the influence of inertia on the one hand and the acceleration by the oscillator on the other, the rotational movements of the ratchet wheel that are in the same direction lead and further characterized by the fact that the ratchet wheel is supported approximately point-like on at least three supports.

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It is. Advantageously, ₃ that the successive locations on the supports define at least approximately one or more circular paths.

Through this measure, the contact surface can be kept to a minimum _{3 momentarily and over the running time 3} which significantly reduces the probability that a foreign body is hindering the movement and ₃ if one should occur the probability is high that it will be out of the small, momentary one Contact surface is pushed away or values flooded »In this sense, it is possible that the _; For example, pads consisting of ruby or hard metal are designed as cusps, spherical caps, cylinders, pyramids or cones with rounded or broken tips.

Furthermore, for the same purpose, the supports are preferably arranged on the ratchet wheel or on the peen surface, evenly distributed around the circumference, a measure which the rest of the Takes symmetry and the corresponding distribution of forces into account.

It would in principle also be possible ^ the conditions in the form of a Ball bearings to be arranged in a ring between the ratchet wheel and the base and thus instead of sliding friction, rolling friction to put. In this case, however, a ball ring would have to be provided between the ratchet wheel moved relative to one another and the supports be.

It is also possible ₃ that the ratchet has a ring gear or a

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Toothed disk surrounds _3, which consists, for example, of highly coercive permanent · - ■ magnet · material, in particular of PtCo ₃ .

But it is also possible to set up the structure in such a way that the » E.g. ratchet made of beryllium bronze with one wheel magnetic, highly coercive material and / or a semi-precious stone disc; z.E. made of ruby, or a hard iron metal plate, in particular is glued. This design is another way of realizing the magnetic drive at the same time the problem of the storage of the ratchet wheel by attaching a ruby plate or the like., p-is solved.

In order to avoid impact or shock; on the clock _a or the oscillating motor not to damage it _3, the ratchet wheel can have a shock laper, for example in the form of a ruby plate, on the side facing away from the normal bearing.

The movement of the ratchet wheel can be kept within the predetermined limits most simply by that the ratchet in an example of individual, in particular two, preferably made of ruby, attacks> constructed cage is trapped with play.

The mentioned can, acting on the ratchet rectifying element can be advantageously used as unrefähr parallel to the first pawl disposed second pawl be formed or as which prevents the ratchet-fitting shoes., The ratchet that in the unwanted direction of turn.

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Embodiments of the invention will be discussed subsequently explained with reference to figures. It lines:

Fig. 1 is an axial section through a Ausfflhrunrsform a ratchet wheel with corresponding housing sections _s

Fir. 2 a plan view of the ratchet wheel f-emSss Fir. · I _{1, exposed in a housing}

3 shows a section from an arrangement analog in another embodiment,

;. Ί a top view of the execution remiss fi ^. 3 ₅ analor Fir. 2 _;

Fip. 5-7 different versions of Auflaren for Attach it to the Schaltrac * or to the Base plate,

Fig. 8 is a section through a Ausftthrunp anal derjenlpen by Fic · 1, with a ball-jointed ratchet wheel.

The basic structure of such a Schwincunpsmotor is in Swiss patent ⁵ ^. ¹ ??. (Registration 16 873/69) described in detail. In the Fir. 1 and 2 a section 1 from a Schwinf-unp-smotor of an electric clock is shown, in which section a ratchet wheel 3 can be seen. Regarding this

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Ratchet wheel 3 roughly diametrically opposed, parallel pawls 5 and 3 sine ¹ , each provided with a pawl 6 or 9 at their free ends, which engage in corresponding tooth sections of the ratchet wheel 3, as described in the aforementioned Swiss patent in the individual is explained. In order to limit the ratchet wheel 3 in its translatory movements laterally sine ¹ stop blocks 11 and 12 are provided, which represent funktionsmässir parts of a cage wall, is caught in which the ratchet wheel. 3 It is also a bottom plate I ¹ * and a cover plate 16 is provided covering the housing. The cover plate 16, which is normally not touched by the freely moving SchiItrad 3 is equipped with a shock plate 18, the vorzursweise as the bottom plate and the cover plate l6,> semi-precious stone such as ruby, consisting and since ground as a thin plate, is transparent.

The ratchet wheel 3 is equipped with three supports 20, which are cemented or glued or cemented onto the wheel 3, for example. These supports 20 _5, which have the shape of spherical caps or hemispheres, or, according to FIGS. flat hard metal, e.g. tungsten carbide or the like. manufactured. There are three such Auflaren 20 provided, which a clear and clean storage of the ratchet wheel 3 on the base plate 14 is ensured. In Fi / ?. 1 are also the two

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Arrow directions indicated 22 and 23, which show _s the direction in which the vibration generator such TEU _3, the housing 2 moves the SchwingungsmotorSi back and forth. Appropriate directions of arrows 25 and 26 respectively show the direction of movement of the ratchet wheel 3 relative to the housing 2, a movement of which due to _s by Trärheit of the ratchet wheel 3 and by the latches 5 and 8 with the stones 6 and 9 and the stop blocks 11 unc ¹ 12 controlled that the ratchet 3 executes a rotational movement going in one direction.

As described in detail in the aforementioned patent, the, for example connected to a tuning fork; Part 1 a translational movement in the direction of arrows 22 and 23 from. As a result of its inertia, when moving in the direction of the arrow 22, the ratchet 3 remains ₃ so that it is _{judged 3} from the housing 2, moves in the direction of the arrow 26 so lance ₃ until it is with the corresponding tooth or teeth on the inner contour of the stop stone 12 runs up. The kinetic energy of the ratchet wheel 3, which is more or less destroyed when running up, is supplied to it again from the outside in the form of new energy ₃ since in the meantime the housing 2 has started to move in the direction of the arrow 23; so that due to its inertia with respect to this housing the Ratchet wheel 3 is moved in the direction of arrow 25 ^ until it is braked at stop 11 in its movement. This game of sliding the switch gear 3 back and forth in the housing 2 is repeated in the frequency at which the vibration motor or the tuning fork vibrates. During this

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To and fro movement of the ratchet wheel 3 engage the ratchet blocks 6 and 9 of the pawls 5 and 8 in corresponding teeth of the ratchet wheel 3 a, with a movement of the ratchet 3 this egg around one edge de3 parallel to the axis of rotation a pawl block as a fixed point and around the corresponding one during the other movement Edge of the other pawl stone is pivoted as a fixed point, so that this ratchet wheel 3 executed a rotary movement, i.e. the Converts reciprocating motion of the vibration motor into rotary motion. That this rotary movement takes place with as little loss as possible must is obvious. In this sense, it becomes the supporting surface between the ratchet wheel and the base plate as small as possible, almost punctiform ^, which is what the weights are here acts, is possible without further ado, since the arising Surface pressures are extremely high despite this almost punctiform contact stay low. In order to reduce the probability to a minimum that any foreign body, e.g. a dust, Increased resistance occurs between the friction surfaces or bearing surfaces, and not just the contact surfaces in terms of number and size reduced to a minimum but arranged in this way "That at the Dewep-unr« "it Schr.ltrades on his pad always the same, as narrow as possible contact surfaces are coated with which a self-cleaning of this area takes place ^ namely in the frequency of the number of this area be painting single editions.

The ratchet wheel 3 has ^, provided that it has the structure gemiiss Fig. 1, from a high-coercive permanent magnet material such as PtCo manufacturing ^

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be put, which the corresponding mr.mnetische transmission the rotary movement of the ratchet 3 on a fiusserhalb the housing arranged gear allows, for example, rotatable with a clock. However, otherwise it is fixed in the factory housing.

Figures 2 and 3 show another embodiment of a part of a vibration _{motor with a ratchet wheel 32 3,} which consists for example of "beryllium bronze. With this ratchet wheel 32 is connected, for example by gluing _3, a magnetic wheel 33 - preferably made of PtCo, to which a ruby plate 3 ¹ Instead of ruby, another semiprecious stone or a hard metal, such as titanium carbide or the like, can of course be used. Furthermore, a base plate 36 can be seen on which three charging points 38 in the form of ruby humps, cones, truncated pyramids or cylinders ., as shown in FIGS. 5-7, e.g. glued or cemented on. Here the ratchet wheel 32 with the footplate 34 runs on the supports 38, the swept bearing surface 39 being ring-shaped and, corresponding to the almost punctiform support, a very narrow track width having.

In this embodiment, only one pawl 42 is with one Klinkenstein 43 is provided, which helps the reciprocating movement of the ratchet wheel 32 in a rotational movement umzuxiandein. A Rectifying element 45 prevents reverse rotation of ratchet wheel 32 during the period in which the ratchet 43 is not in engagement with a tooth flank of the switch 32.

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In üb ^{rircn is (^ he} fell structure of this portion, as the one ro Mäss the Fi {~. 1 and 2.

At the in Pift. O illustrated embodiment is vr vrlederum a bottom plate 48 with lateral AnschlJlpen in Perm: n jewels _i provided while a Schaltrrd 53 ₅ with a Marnetrad 5'I and a ruby plates 55 zusammennel'ittet to a unit ₅ to balls 56, preferably made of ruby, on the Base plate 48 is nelar.ert. In order to hold these spheres 56, which form a ring, on the inside, a connection plate 51, likewise made of ruby _{3, is} provided.

Although in principle it seems possible ^ wenir · sense to arrange the conditions so that each _j their eirene different La.rrerbahn sets _ because the probability of the movement-inhibiting fouling> vrie understanding einrehend explains growing. Since the surface _{prints 5,} as mentioned, are extremely coagulated, there is also no need to fear premature wear of the lap areas.

The vcrresehcne on the cover plate Stossplä'ttchcn serves in shock and suppression / rbewepunren _J which the clock subject is to protect "the indexing ^ by reren a corresponding, also preferably made of ruby shock _platelets} for example, the impact plate l8 femäss execution anstfsst in the C. 1 and 2 "and thus not beschwürt v» ^r ill.

This Marnetradübertra ^ un.r- brinrt the substantial advantage that the Schaltra "reren ¹ be abutment rezopen viird, therefore,

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is not freely movable axially and is therefore sensitive to shock.

The invention described allows the use of an embedding liquid for the ratchet wheel and pawl _a which does not make too high demands on viscosity and allows liquids of up to 5 CSt.

The assembly of the structures described is extremely simple. the Pollution effects and the resulting unrelated visibility in gear wear and tear and energy consumption are very p.erinr due to the small support areas

It should be noted that the ratchet wheel, both as a toothed individual disk and connected to a special Macne wheel and a La / rer plate ^ as a disk or as a ring, that is, with an opening in the middle ₃ or also lIs mixed TeH _5, e.g. the toothed Ratchet wheel as a ring gear. The other two parts can be designed as full flats ^.

All information and features contained in the documents, in particular the spatial configuration of the subject of the application, are claimed as being essential to the invention, insofar as they are new to the state of the art individually or in combination »

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Claims (1)

Claims Vibration motor for use in time measurement technology, characterized in that at least one pawl (5. 6 or ο 8 _; 9 or 42 _s 43) and a rectifying element (8; 9; 45 ), which are operatively connected to a ratchet wheel (3, 32), that furthermore the ratchet wheel (3 _; 32) is operatively connected to the same oscillator and is magnetically ^{coupled to a clutch unit 1} whose axis of rotation only rotates with respect to the room. and that the ratchet wheel (3, 32), pawl (5, 6 or 42, 43) and rectifying element (8, 9; 45) move at least in the direction of oscillation under the influence of inertia on the one hand and the acceleration by the oscillator on the other let that lead to rectified rotational movements of the ratchet wheel and further characterized; that the ratchet wheel (3 _; 32) on at least three supports (20, 38, 56) approximately pun Kt-shaped is stored. 2ο vibration motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the successively define at least approximately one or more circular paths on the supports (38) resting places (Fig. 4). 3. Vibration motor according to claim 1 _3, characterized in that the pads consisting, for example, of ruby or hard metal are designed as humps, spherical caps (20), cylinders, pyramids or cones with rounded or broken tips. 209845/0637 22104CM / IB 4. Schwincunrsmotor I according to claim _3, characterized in that the rekcr.nzeichnet ₃ Auflacen (20, 38) on the ratchet (3) or on cor OEN enfläche (36) angeordnet_, rleichmässip on a Kreisumfan <distributed _v. 5 · Schwincunpsmotor according to claim H _- , characterized in that the supports have inclined end faces with respect to the faces lying on them in order to achieve an approximately punctiform support (PIr; 7). 6. Schwinpunp smotor according to claim I ₃ characterized in that the charging (56) in the form of a cupella ^ ors rinpförmif zv ^ isehen the ratchet wheel (53-55) and the base (48) are arranged (Fir. 8). 7. Schwinpunfrsmotcr according to claim 1 _J characterized ₃ that the ratchet wheel comprises a ring gear or a toothed disc, which, for example, made of high-quality permanent magnet material., In particular from PtCo; consists. 8. Schwingunrsmotor according to claim I ₁ characterized in ₃ that the ratchet wheel (32) with a wheel, for example made of beryllium bronze (33) made of magnetic, highly coercive material and / or a semiprecious stone ^{chip (3 1} O ₅ zE made of ruby) that is connected to a card metal plate, in particular glued. 9 · Schwinrung-smctor according to claim 1, characterized ₃ that on the e'er Ncrmrvllarcrunr rJ:> - rev7 "ndt3n side of the Schc.ltrad.es (3) a shock laper (13) ^ eg in ^ crm oincs Eubin platelets, is arranged . ■ - 15 ~
2098A5 / 0637 10. Schwingungsmotcr according to claim I, characterized in that class the Schaltrau (3) in one. e.g. from individual, in particular, two; preferably ruby stops (11> 12), built cage is trapped with game. 11. Vibration motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the rectifying element is designed as a second _t to the first approximately parallel pawl (8 ₃ 9). _t ■ · BATH ORIGINAL - 16
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