DE2162028B2

DE2162028B2 - Control system for the burners of industrial furnaces

Info

Publication number: DE2162028B2
Application number: DE19712162028
Authority: DE
Inventors: Hans-J. Block; Helmut Klammer
Original assignee: Mannesmannroehren Werke AG
Current assignee: Vodafone GmbH
Priority date: 1971-12-10
Filing date: 1971-12-10
Publication date: 1973-10-31
Also published as: BE792478A; GB1418678A; FR2167027A5; DE2162028A1; IT975612B; AT315998B

Description

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch nachfolgenden Regelelemente disponiert und den eine Steueranlage durch die die Ein- und Ausschal- Impuls des Temperaturfühlers weiterleitet. Die nachtung der Brenner, gegebenenfalls innerhalb der 55 geschalteten Elemente sind die Impulsgeber 26, 28, Gruppen, nacheinander zeitverzögert erfolgt, wobei deren Impulsfrequenz einstellbar ist, die Zählwerke das Ein- und Ausschalten der Brenner in einer vor- 30, 32 die Register 34, 36 und der Speicher 38.
gegebenen, gleichsinnig durchlaufenden Reihenfolge, Die Anlage arbeitet wie folgt. Bei Unterschreitung die von der räumlichen Anordnung abweichen kann, der Ofentemperatur gibt das Steuerwerk 24 den Zäherfolgt. 60 ler 30 und den Impulsgeber 26 frei. Die Abgabe derThis object is achieved according to the invention by means of the following control elements and the control system through which the switch-on and switch-off pulses of the temperature sensor are passed on. The night-time of the burners, if necessary within the 55 switched elements, are the pulse generators 26, 28, groups, one after the other with a time delay, the pulse frequency being adjustable, the counters switching the burners on and off in an upstream 30, 32, the registers 34, 36 and the memory 38.
given, in the same direction, the system works as follows. If the temperature falls below the furnace temperature, which can deviate from the spatial arrangement, the control unit 24 indicates the counter. 60 ler 30 and the pulse generator 26 free. The delivery of the

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Steueranlage wird die Impulse erfolgt mit der eingestellten Frequenz. Die Änderung der Belastung des Versorgungsnetzes und abgegebenen Impulse werden im Zähler 30 gezählt, des Ofenraumes beim Ein- oder Ausschalten der Der abgegebene Impuls schaltet außerdem das Regi-Brenner in kleinen zeitlichen nacheinanderfolgenden ster 34 des Speichers 38 um einen Schritt weiter und Schritten vorgenommen. Die spontane Änderung der 65 belegt die Speicherstelle mit dem Einschaltbefehl für Belastung des Versorgungsnetzes ist dabei relativ zur den dieser Speicherstelle zugeordneten Brenner. So-Leistungsfähigkeit des Versorgungsnetzes außeror- lange das Signal des Temperaturreglers 22 sich nicht dentlich gering, so daß es nur zu kleinen Beschleuni- ändert, werden nacheinander alle Speicherstellen imWith the control system according to the invention, the impulses are carried out at the set frequency. the Changes in the load on the supply network and the pulses emitted are counted in counter 30, of the furnace chamber when switching on or off the The emitted pulse also switches the Regi burner in small chronological consecutive stars 34 of the memory 38 by one step further and Steps taken. The spontaneous change of 65 occupies the memory location with the switch-on command for The load on the supply network is relative to the burner assigned to this storage location. So efficiency of the supply network extremely long the signal of the temperature controller 22 does not Very little, so that it only changes accelerations that are too small, all storage locations in the

•ι• ι

Takte der Impulsfrequenz mit dem Einschaltbefehl belegt und die Brenner eingeschaltet.Cycle of the pulse frequency assigned the switch-on command and the burner switched on.

Zeigt der Zähler 30 an, daß alle Brenner eingeschaltet sind, wird der Ausgang des Impulsgebers 26 von einer Dekodierstuft 40 abgeschaltet, so daß das Weiterschalten am Speicher unterbleibt. Wird vor Erreichen der Einschaltung aller Brenner die Soll-Temperatur erreicht und damit der Einschaltbefehl des Temperaturreglers 22 unterbrochen, sperrt das bieuerwerk 24 den Impulsgeber 26 und den Zähler 30.If the counter 30 shows that all burners are switched on, the output of the pulse generator 26 becomes switched off by a decoding stage 40, so that switching to the memory does not take place. Will before When all burners are switched on, the target temperature is reached and thus the switch-on command of the temperature controller 22 is interrupted, the bieuerwerk 24 blocks the pulse generator 26 and the counter 30th

Überschreitet die Ofentemperatur die obere Soll-Temperatur, so erteilt der Temperaturregler 22 dem Steuerwerk einen Ausschaltbefehl. Das Steuerwerk veranlaßt nun in gleicher Weise wie bei einem Einschaltbefehl die Freigabe des Impulsgebers 28 und des Zählers 32, in dem die abgeschalteten Brenner gezählt werden. Ebenso wiilzt das Register 36 auf den Speicher 38, womit die Abschaltung der Brenner 1 bis 8 nacheinander erfolgt. Auch in diesem Fall sorgt eine Dekodierstufe 42 für die Abschaltung des Impulsgebers 28 durch das Steuerwerk 24, wenn alle Brenner ausgeschaltet sind. Die Abschaltung erfolgt auch, wenn der Ausschaltbefehl des Temperaturreglers 22 unterbrochen wird, weil die Ofentemperatur nicht mehr über der oberen Soll-Temperatur liegtIf the furnace temperature exceeds the upper target temperature, the temperature controller 22 gives the Control unit a switch-off command. The control unit now initiates in the same way as with a switch-on command the release of the pulse generator 28 and the counter 32 in which the burner switched off are counted. Register 36 also rolls up the memory 38, whereby the shutdown of the burners 1 to 8 takes place one after the other. In this case, too a decoding stage 42 ensures that the pulse generator 28 is switched off by the control unit 24, if all Burners are switched off. The switch-off also takes place when the switch-off command of the temperature controller 22 is interrupted because the furnace temperature is no longer above the upper target temperature

In den Zählern 30 und 32 kann nicht nur in der oben angegebenen Art addiert werden, sondern auch subtrahiert werden, so daß diese Zähler alle Zeit die Zahl der tatsächlich eingeschalteten und die Zahl der tatsächlich ausgeschalteten Brenner angeben. Zum Subtrahieren werden die Impulse des Impulsgebers 26 außerdem dem Zähler 32 und die Impulse des Impulsgebers 28 außerdem dem Zähler 33 eingegeben. In the counters 30 and 32 can not only be added in the manner indicated above, but also are subtracted so that these counters all the time the number of actually switched on and the number of specify burner that is actually switched off. The pulses from the pulse generator are used to subtract 26 is also input to the counter 32 and the pulses from the pulse generator 28 are also input to the counter 33.

In F i g. 2 a ist über der Zeit das vom Temperaturregler abgegebene Signal aufgetragen. Dazu ist inIn Fig. 2 a, the signal emitted by the temperature controller is plotted over time. To do this, in

ίο F i g. 2 b die Einschaltstellung 44 und die Ausschaltstellung 46 der Brenner 1 bis 8 angegeben. Die somit erreichte Brennerleistung für alle Brenner 1 bis 8 insgesamt zeigt F i g. 2 c. Das Diagramm läßt erkennen, daß die Belastung des Versorgungsnetzes durch die volle Leistung der Brenner 1 bis 8 in zeitlich aufeinanderfolgenden kleinen Schritten erfolgt. Ebenso verhält es sich bei Veränderungen der Ofenleistung und dem Abschalten des Ofens. Darüber hinaus wird aus F i g. 2 b ersichtlich, daß alle Brenner im Laufe derίο F i g. 2 b the switch-on position 44 and the switch-off position 46 of the burners 1 to 8 are specified. The burner output thus achieved for all burners 1 to 8 in total shows Fig. 2 c. The diagram shows that the load on the supply network by the full output of the burners 1 to 8 takes place in successive small steps. Likewise behaves it is when the furnace output changes and the furnace is switched off. In addition, it is made from F i g. 2 b it can be seen that all burners in the course of

ao Betriebszeit die gleiche Einschaltdauer und dieselbe Schalthäufigkeit erreichen. Eine größere Ungleichmäßigkeit der Ofentemperatur ist nicht zu befürchten, da die praktische Erprobung bereits gezeigt hat, daß die Brennerschaltungen keineswegs so bizarr ausfallen, wie in der schematischen Darstellung angegeben ist. Andererseits ist es sogar erwünscht, eine Mindestschalthäufigkeit zu erreichen, damit ein Wechsel in der Brennerbelastung eintritt.ao operating time the same duty cycle and the same Reach switching frequency. There is no need to fear greater unevenness in the oven temperature, since practical testing has already shown that the burner circuits are by no means so bizarre fail as indicated in the schematic diagram. On the other hand, it is even desirable to have a To achieve a minimum switching frequency so that there is a change in the burner load.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

1 2 changes in the patent claims flowing in the supply network: masses come and pressure surges that spread far into the supply network do not arise.

1. Control system for the burners from Indu- In addition, there are no disadvantageous striefen that, depending on the deviation, 5 feedback influences on other consumers,
The idea of the invention is not the main target temperature range of the burners individually or that only one burner is switched on or off in groups at a time, but rather that the total number of that the burner to be switched on and off at once is subdivided so far into a group circuit of the burners, possibly within io pen, that the circuit of one of the groups takes place with a time delay, the burners belonging to the group not to avoid the on and off Switching off the burner in which influences on the supply network and furnace has a given space running in the same direction.

Order by the spatial arrangement of such a group may vary depending on the local

may differ. 15 ratios of a single burner or multiple burners

2. Industrial furnace according to claim 1, thereby belonging.

indicates that the burner is switched on. The sequence of switching on and off is as

takes place as long as the switch-on command is pending, to understand self-contained areas in which on

all burners are switched on and that the last burner in the count is immediately the the subsequent issuing of the switch-off command, the first 20 follows.

burner in operation in the same. The burners are switched on gradually and

Direction of rotation according to the sequence of the burners, as long as the switch-on command is pending, extreme-

be switched. if so, until all burners are switched on. The Aufhe-

3. Industrial furnace according to claim 1 or 2, since the switch-on command is the beginning of the switch-off characterized in that the time delay 25 switching command, with which one after the other in operation is adjustable. the burner that is in place must be switched off. The end-

4. Industrial furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that switched takes place in the same direction of rotation in the Reik that the time delay in the sequencing of the burners. This measure will and turning off the burner is different. the same burning time and switching frequency and one

30 great stability of the control loop ensured.

To account for special local conditions

to be able to carry it is further proposed that the time delay adjustable and / or the time delay

The invention relates to a control system for the fermentation when switching the burner on and off of industrial furnaces, which is different depending on 35.

the deviation of the actual temperature in the furnace from

a target temperature range see the burners individually illustration explained,

or switches it on or off in groups. F i g. 1 shows the arrangement of the burners in one

From the magazine »Lecture hall for ceramics, glass, stoves and their control systems;
Email ", (1962, No. 6, p. 119), it is known, for 40 Fig. 2a to 2c shows the associated rule slide avoidance of pressure surges in the furnace not all on grams.

Burner suddenly distributed over an industrial furnace. 1 there are 11 burners 1 in the furnace unit

turn on together. to 8 arranged, which fuel gas and air from the

Individual burner groups independently of one another supply networks via the supply lines 12, 13 and

to control is from the magazine »Die Ziegelindu- 45 the valves 14, 15 is fed. The valves 14, 15

strie «(1963, p. 891/892), as well as the German Ausle- are via control lines 16 with a control system

written 1 508 574 known. 18 connected.

The object of the invention is therefore that there is also a temperature sensor in the furnace chamber

the life expectancy of the burners, their valves and 20, which is also arranged with the control system 18

their supply lines by reducing the 50 is connected.

Pressure surges when switching the burner on and off The control system consists of the temperature regulator

to increase. ler 22 and the control unit 24, which the function of the