DE213726C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE213726C DE213726C DENDAT213726D DE213726DA DE213726C DE 213726 C DE213726 C DE 213726C DE NDAT213726 D DENDAT213726 D DE NDAT213726D DE 213726D A DE213726D A DE 213726DA DE 213726 C DE213726 C DE 213726C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- metal
- oxides
- oxygen
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent Effects 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
- .M 213726 KLASSE 21 δ. GRUPPE- .M 213726 CLASS 21 δ. GROUP
WILHELM PH. ROSENBERG in HAMBURG.WILHELM PH. ROSENBERG in HAMBURG.
Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 12. April 1908 ab. Patented in the German Empire on April 12, 1908 .
Die Elektroden für galvanische Sekundär- und Primärelemente werden heute durchweg durch Pressen auf bzw. in geeignete Träger oder Auftragen der Masse in Form eines nachher erhärtenden Breies auf oder in geeignete Träger hergestellt.The electrodes for galvanic secondary and primary elements are used today by pressing on or into suitable carriers or applying the mass in the form of an afterwards hardening slurries made on or in suitable carriers.
Nach dem zuerst genannten Verfahren hergestellte Elektroden leiden an dem Ubelstand, daß die aktive Masse mit der Zeit durch dieElectrodes made according to the first mentioned process suffer from the problem, that the active mass over time by the
ίο feinen öffnungen der Umhüllung herauswandert und in den Elektrolyten geht, während die nach dem an zweiter Stelle angeführten Verfahren hergestellten Elektroden gegen Erschütterungen empfindlich sind und auch mit der Zeit erweichen und zum Teil in den Elektrolyten gehen.ίο fine openings in the casing migrate out and goes into the electrolyte, while those after the second listed Process manufactured electrodes are sensitive to vibrations and also with soften over time and partly go into the electrolyte.
Nach dem die Erfindung bildenden Verfahren werden nun Elektroden bzw. fest in sich zusammenhängende wirksame Massen unter Anwendung des bekannten Thermitverfahrens erzeugt, indem nämlich Oxyde, Monoxyde oder Peroxyde mit feinen Metallpulvern vermischt werden, welche beim Glühen der Mischung unter starker Wärmeentwickelung den Oxyden den Sauerstoff ganz oder teilweise entziehen und selbst durch Sauerstoff auf nähme in Oxyde übergehen. Während dieser Reaktion findet gleichzeitig infolge der auftretenden hohen Temperatur ein Sintern der Oxyde und teilweise ein Verschweißen der Metallmoleküle unter sich statt, so daß eine derartig hergestellte Platte ein in sich festes Gefüge bildet, sofern man durch Bemessung der Mischung Sorge trägt, daß eine Sonderung in geschmolzenes Metall und Metalloxyd bzw. deren Schmelzung infolge zu hoher Temperatur nicht eintritt.According to the method forming the invention, electrodes or fixed in coherent effective masses using the known thermite method produced by namely mixing oxides, monoxides or peroxides with fine metal powders which during the glowing of the mixture with strong heat development the oxides the oxygen in whole or in part withdraw and even by absorbing oxygen go into oxides. During this reaction sintering of the oxides takes place at the same time as a result of the high temperature that occurs and partially a welding of the metal molecules instead of one another, so that such produced plate forms a solid structure in itself, provided that by dimensioning the Mixture ensures that separation into molten metal and metal oxide or whose melting does not occur due to excessively high temperature.
So hergestellte Elektrodenplatten können nun folgendermaßen weiter behandelt werden: Das aus dem Oxyd durch Sauerstoffabgabe entstandene niedere Oxyd oder Metall kann in einem geeigneten Elektrolyten wieder vollständig durch den galvanischen Strom oder Wärme rückoxydiert werden, während das aus dem die Reaktion hervorrufenden Zusatzmetall durch Sauerstoffaufnahme entstandene Oxyd durch chemische oder elektrolytische Behandlung entfernt wird, wodurch eine hochporöse Elektrode entsteht. Electrode plates produced in this way can now be treated further as follows: The lower oxide or metal formed from the oxide by the release of oxygen can in a suitable electrolyte again completely by the galvanic current or Heat are reoxidized, while the additional metal causing the reaction Oxide created by the uptake of oxygen is removed by chemical or electrolytic treatment, creating a highly porous electrode.
Die Entfernung des nicht aktiven und in der Elektrode nicht gewollten Oxydes kann auch vor der Rückoxydierung des wirksamen Bestandteils geschehen. Ebenso kann auch das Oxyd, welches aus dem die Reaktion hervorrufenden Sauerstoff aufnehmenden Metalls entsteht, als solches bestehen bleiben und das mehr oder weniger reduzierte, während der Reaktion Sauerstoff abgebende Oxyd entfernt werden, wodurch ebenfalls eine hochporöse, als negative Polelektrode geeignete Elektrode entsteht.The removal of the inactive and unwanted oxide in the electrode can also happen before the reoxidation of the active ingredient. Likewise can also the oxide, which is made up of the metal which causes the reaction to absorb oxygen arises, persists as such and the more or less reduced, during the Reaction oxygen-releasing oxide are removed, which also creates a highly porous, An electrode suitable as a negative pole electrode is created.
■ Beispielsweise werden 200 g Kupferoxyd mit 65 g fein verteiltem, durch Reduktion mit Wasserstoff enthaltenem Eisen und Wasser zu einem Teig gemischt, diese Mischung auf einem Nickelträger gestrichen, getrocknet und über einer Bunsenbrennerflamme zur Entzündung gebracht.■ For example, 200 g copper oxide with 65 g finely divided, by reduction with Hydrogen containing iron and water mixed into a dough, this mixture up Painted on a nickel carrier, dried and over a Bunsen burner flame to ignite brought.
Nach der unter starkem Erglühen stattfindenden Reaktion hat man eine feste Elektrode, welche aus Kupfer bzw. einem niederen Oxyd dieses Metalls in Verbindung mit Eisen-5 oxyd besteht, das durch geeignete Mittel oder bei Anwendung von Aluminiumpulver durch Behandeln mit dem elektrischen Strom im Alkalibade durch Mineralsäuren entfernt wird, worauf eine hochporöse Kupferelektrode verbleibt, welche, in an sich bekannter Weise oxydiert, die gebrauchsfertige Elektrode ergibt. Das Aluminium- oder Eisenpulver kann auch durch ein anderes geeignetes Metallpulver ersetzt werden, bei dessen Anwendung die Reaktion weniger heftig und bei geringerer Wärmeentwickelung stattfindet.After the reaction, which takes place under intense glowing conditions, you have a fixed electrode, which are made of copper or a lower oxide of this metal in combination with iron-5 oxide is made by suitable means or by using aluminum powder Treating with the electric current in the alkali bath is removed by mineral acids, whereupon a highly porous copper electrode remains, which, in a manner known per se oxidized, resulting in a ready-to-use electrode. The aluminum or iron powder can can also be replaced by another suitable metal powder when using it the reaction takes place less violently and with less heat generation.
Claims (4)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE213726C true DE213726C (en) |
Family
ID=475349
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT213726D Active DE213726C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE213726C (en) |
-
0
- DE DENDAT213726D patent/DE213726C/de active Active
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE2728603B2 (en) | Method of treating plating sludge | |
DE2137996A1 (en) | Method for introducing a solid metal into a molten metal | |
DE213726C (en) | ||
DE2152013A1 (en) | Steels that are ductile in heat and processes for their manufacture | |
DE2455021C3 (en) | Process for arc welding workpieces made of ferritic cast iron with spheroidal graphite | |
DE2251670B2 (en) | Process for the production of carbide-containing composite metal contacts with high mechanical and electrical wear resistance | |
DE922278C (en) | Process for the production of hard, wear-resistant bodies | |
DE645672C (en) | Process for producing the cutting edges of cutting tools with a soft base material by means of electric arc welding | |
DE523029C (en) | Process for the production of e.g. B. usable as electrodes compact masses of powdery metal oxides | |
DE760239C (en) | Process for making alloy steel | |
DE249774C (en) | ||
DE415323C (en) | Process for the production of low-carbon and low-silicon or silicon-free chromium and manganese alloys | |
DE3347550C2 (en) | ||
DE1565538A1 (en) | Electric arc furnace and method for stabilizing an electric arc | |
DE2509650C2 (en) | Process for the melt-metallurgical production of alloys containing vanadium | |
DE376968C (en) | Process for the production of low-carbon and low-silicon metals of all alloys in an electric furnace | |
DE322314C (en) | Metal electrode for electrical soldering | |
DE362462C (en) | Process for the production of methane by passing gas mixtures of hydrogen and carbon oxides over metal | |
DE621794C (en) | Process for the production of low-carbon iron-chromium alloys | |
DE99128C (en) | ||
DE1471756A1 (en) | Process for the production of porous sintered electrodes for fuel cells | |
DE2838774B2 (en) | Electrodes for magnetic particle testing of workpieces | |
DE1521937C (en) | Catalytic igniter for gas turbines | |
DE533952C (en) | Process for the production of alloys | |
DE2463019C2 (en) | Silver metal oxide material for electrical contacts produced by internal oxidation |