DE2122191A1 - Needle drive device in sewing machines - Google Patents

Description

Needle drive device in sewing machines

The invention relates to a device for selectively driving straight or bent needles in sewing machines with a moving needle of a lever _for the needles carrying needle holder.

The known curved needle sewing machines (e.g. USA Patent 3 101 686) have the advantage that the drive of the needle can be designed very simply, the thread running as a tendon to the needle during stitch formation, so that the hook can safely pick up the needle thread loop . This is particularly beneficial with curling bulk yarns and elastic threads * On the other hand, curved needles are not as directionally stable as straight needles, which can be a disadvantage especially with thick and hard fabrics. However, straight needles require

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a complicated drive and taking up the needle thread loop the gripper is not as secure as with a bow needle.

Previously, sewing machines were designed for either bow needles or straight needles. An optional changeover one and the same Machine between these two needle types was not possible. Rather, it had to be a transition from straighter to bent needle must always be exchanged for the entire sewing machine. ■ The reason for this was that no drive was known, on the one hand for a curved needle and on the other hand, if necessary after adding certain additional parts, for a straight needle suited.

The invention is primarily based on the object of proposing a needle drive device for sewing machines that a conversion of the machine from straight to curved needle or vice versa allows in a simple manner.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the needle lever on the one hand by means of a swivel joint and a linear) sliding guide with the inevitably guided on a straight guide, a straight needle bearing needle holder and on the other hand by means of a rigid attachment directly to the rest of the unguided needle holder carrying a curved needle can be connected is.

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Due to this solution, by exchanging fewer machine parts, you can choose to sew with a straight or curved needle on one and 'the same needle lever possible. In particular, the straight line of the needle holder carrying the straight needle can also easily be arranged perpendicular to the sewing plane, so that the The needle pierces the fabric to be sewn vertically, without the low overall height of a curved needle sewing machine to have to change. The needle bar can, however, also run obliquely to the sewing plane, which in view of the occurring Forces can result in more favorable angles between the needle lever and the needle holder. If necessary, especially with vertical the straight guide of the needle holder arranged to the near plane, the oscillating shaft carrying the needle lever also opposite to it The bearing is moved a little upwards when using a curved needle, in order to restore a favorable angular position to avoid strong lateral forces between the needle lever and the straight guide of the needle holder. When converting to curved needle operation, simply am The free end of the needle lever of the needle holder carrying the curved needle is rigidly attached.

In any case, you can achieve with the help of the invention that the linear movement path of the straight needle is the circular path of the Bow needle crosses at such points where the looper must interact with the needle. Therefore, the remaining sewing machine parts, e.g. throat plate, knife gate valve and gripper as well as their drive mechanisms are kept practically unchanged, if you switch from operation with a needle of one type to operation with a needle of the other type. It's clear,

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that this interchangeability is a great economic one, in particular manufacturing advantage of the invention is. In both modes of operation can also be equipped according to the invention Sewing machines are operated at high sewing speeds, e.g. above 6,000 or 7,000 rpm.

Another advantage of the invention is that the proposed Machine for the execution of a great variety different stitch types, especially chain and

. Double chain stitches, can be used, with only a few parts have to be replaced or added. In particular, with the aid of the device according to the invention Overcast seams or stitches are made that face inward from the edge of the fabric. Also can the mentioned Seams and stitches are combined with one another, so that the so-called "safety stitch" results. With all of this are the sewing machines provided with & r device according to the invention space-saving and compact. They also generate practically no vibrations or annoying working noises. The inventive Device can be used for the simultaneous drive of one or more needles with associated grippers or the like will. The invention is of course suitable

| also for the production of normal seams with continuous seams Stitches.

As already mentioned, when using a straight needle, the linear needle path can run perpendicular or diagonally to the sewing plane, a vertical sticking of the needle into the fabric

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least damage to the latter. Piercing a straight needle vertically into the fabric is also particular useful for thick, dense and strong fabrics, especially when the fabrics are made from synthetic synthetic yarns. When using the device according to the invention, the friction that occurs when the needle passes through the fabric can are kept so low that no temperatures damaging the plastic fibers occur.

Another advantage of the invention is that the needle carrier can be built very easily. As a result, the required driving forces are minimal and in particular arise practically no disruptive vibrations at high working speeds. In connection with that it is too It is important that, according to the invention, special lubrication devices are provided which reduce the frictional forces during operation keep it to a minimum with high working speed. This applies in particular to the inevitable sliding of the straight Needle carrying needle holder. Finally, it is also essential that according to the invention thread control mechanisms or Thread pull-offs are proposed, with the help of which the thread or threads from a supply at the desired speed can be deducted. The threads can also be adjusted accordingly in the course of the stitch formation operation , i.e. inevitably tightened or loosened for a short time.

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The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention is used in conjunction with the accompanying drawing further explanation. Show it:

Pig. 1 is a partially sectioned front view of a sewing machine with a device according to the invention for the * drive of a straight needle;

Figure 2 is a view of the Pig machine. 1 from the left; Pig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in Pig. 1;

Pig. Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the left part of the Pig machine. 1;

Pig. Fig. 5 is an individual view, partly in section, of the needle drive device;

Pig. 6 shows a partially sectioned individual view of a pad control according to the invention;

Pig. 7 is a view of a needle carrier;

Pig. 8 shows a further individual view of the pad control according to the invention;

Pig. 9 is a partial view of a presser foot;

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Fig. 10 is a perspective partial view of the thread control according to the invention and

11 shows a plan view of the guide rod of the needle carrier.

The invention is described below using a sewing machine with two 'straight sewing needles. For the professional is but it is clear that this machine can be built into a sewing machine by simply adding a needle carrier for curved needles can be transformed, for example, as described in US Pat. No. 3,110,686. For this reason In the following there are no further references to bow needle machines given.

As can be seen from the drawing, comprises an inventive Sewing machine a fairly low housing 10 that encloses most of the parts of the machine. The housing has - cf. 1, 2 and 4 - a main part 11 with a base plate 12 attached thereto. The housing part 11 and the base plate 12 serve to absorb a certain amount of lubricant with which the machine parts are wetted. A separate housing section 13 provides a housing space for accommodating large parts of the machine. The housing portion 13 has a Projection 13a (Fig. 1) which carries a spring housing 13b. This housing 13b contains a spring in a manner known per se, which presses a pusher bar downward to hold a workpiece on a workpiece support surface 11a. The workpiece support surface

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11a runs horizontally in a plane approximately in the middle of the Machine height. On the top of the housing, a cover 14 is provided, which is preferably detachable with the upper section 13 is connected so that the interior of the housing is accessible after removing the cover.

As described in the aforementioned US Pat. No. 3,110,686, A main drive shaft 15 is mounted in the housing part 11. This wave protrudes - see Pig. 1 - with her right End over a vertical housing wall and carries a drive and handwheel there in a known manner, with the help of which the shaft 15 is set in rotation. A V-belt connection or the like. Leads to an electric motor with a coupling unit. When the clutch is engaged manually or automatically is, the main drive shaft 15 is driven at a comparatively very high speed.

The machine further includes a needle holder, the one or carries several straight needles and moves them back and forth. As shown, the needle holder 16 is relatively simple in construction and light in weight. The needle holder 16 has two cylindrical bearing eyes 16a and 16b, which surround a cylindrical guide rod 17. This guide rod is held rigidly and preferably vertically on the machine housing. As can be seen from FIGS. 7 and 11, has the guide rod 17 has a widened head 17a, which is used for Main part 17b of the rod is eccentric. The needle holder 16 is vertically displaceable on the main part 17b. The head 17a

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is fitted into an opening in the housing projection 13a. By The main part 17b of the guide rod can be adjusted by turning the head 17a slightly in one direction or the other in order to bring the needles into the desired position relative to the workpiece and the grippers. The guide rod can then be in the set position by means of one or more adjusting screws 17c are blocked.

Within the guide rod 17 runs a channel, the one contains lubricant-soaked wick 17d. The wick extends substantially the entire length of the Guide rod and is preferably through at the lower end a screw plug 17e sealed.

In order to supply lubricant to the head 17a of the guide rod, a further wick 17f (FIG. 5) is provided, the end of which is open the upper end of the wick 17d rests. The wick 17f extends laterally out of the head 17a and through a longitudinal opening in the projection 13a of the housing. At the right end of the projection - see FIGS. 1 and 5 - the wick runs downwards into the interior of the housing part 11. As is apparent from the aforementioned US patent, are in the closed housing various devices are provided which are immersed in the lubricant and continue to operate during operation of the machine Generate lubricant spray. | Jin part of the lubricant penetrates the downward part of the wick 17f a and j arrives from there to wick 17d. As shown in Fig. 7, the guide rod 17 also has radial Karäle 17g

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on, which serve to lubricate the wick 17d onto the To guide the outer surface of the rod 17. This takes place in the area in which the bearing eyes 16a and 16b of the needle holder can be moved up and down. How best from Pig. 5, the head 17a of the guide rod also has an annular groove which receives a sealing ring 17h made of rubber or the like. This provides a safeguard against leakage of the Lubricant from the guide rod down the circumference of the lower end of the head 17a.

The reciprocating movement of the needle carrier 16 in the vertical direction is brought about by a needle lever 18 which is fixedly arranged on an oscillating shaft 19. The rocking shaft is pivoted back and forth by appropriate means so that the outer end of the needle lever 18 cooperates with the needle holder 16 in a manner best described in Pig. 7 can be seen. The outer end of the needle lever 18 carries a pin 18a on which a roller 18b is rotatably mounted. This roller 18b slides in a U-shaped slot 16 of the needle holder 16. The surface of the slot 16e allows an easy sliding movement of the roller 18b to the left and right when the needle lever 18 is pivoted back and forth through an appropriate angle so as to The needle lever 18 experiences its oscillating movement with the aid of known transmission members between the main drive _{shaft 15 and the oscillating shaft 19f} on which the lever 18 is fastened mentioned USA

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Patent are described. These include, in particular, a connecting rod 20 with a widened section 20a at the lower end (FIG. 3) on which a needle bearing 20b is arranged. The needle bearing cooperates with a crank part 15a of the main drive shaft. In this way, a rotation of the main drive shaft to a reciprocating ¹ executes - and-forth movement of the connecting rod 20, which in turn ernöglicht by a relatively large opening in the connecting rod 2oD 'which in turn surrounds a more oscillating shaft 19d. The oscillating shaft 19d actuates an upper knife of an edge trimmer, which can also be designed as described in the aforementioned US patent. At its upper end, the connecting rod 20 carries a bolt 20c, by means of which the connecting rod is pivotably connected to an arm 21 which in turn is fastened to the oscillating shaft 19. In this way, the oscillating movements are imparted to the needle lever 18 in order to make the needle holder 16 rise and fall.

The lower part of the needle holder 16 is provided with needle mountings 16c and 16d which each receive the upper ends of a needle 22 and 23, respectively. The needle 22 that thread leads, which is used to produce overlock stitches, is held in place by means of a set screw 16f. Similarly, needle 23 is designed to produce continuous stitches The type 401 (double chain hook) is »held at its upper end by means of an adjusting screw 16g. As in Fig. 2 and 4, the needle 22 becomes a thread 24 starting from a still au explanatory thread supply fed, while a Thread 25 is directed to needle 23 »

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In the machine shown, a three-thread overlock seam is used as well as a two-thread seam made from continuous stitches, so that the end result is a seam type, commonly referred to as a "safety seam". the For this purpose, needle 22 works with an upper overlock looper 26 and a lower gripper 27 (Fig. 1) together. The gripper 26 is mounted on a rod 28 which both is longitudinally movable back and forth and can also perform oscillating movements. The axial reciprocations are communicated to the rod 28 by an arm 29 which revolves around a shaft

"30 is pivotable. The arm 29 is connected to an arm 31, which interacts with a connecting rod 32 via a ball pin. The opposite end of the connecting rod 32 cooperates with an eccentric on the main drive shaft 15, whereby the Arms 31 and 29 are given swinging movements. The lower end of the arm 29 has spaced apart, rounded parts 29a which cooperate with washers 28a and 28b on rod 28. Accordingly, a Pivoting movement of the army 29 of the rod 28 is an axially directed longitudinal movement. The rod experiences its swinging movements 28 by the interaction of a block 28c (FIG. 4) with a cam groove 28d which is provided in a sleeve 28e. The sleeve 28e surrounds the rod 28. In this way, with each revolution of the main drive shaft, the one carrying the gripper Rod moved back and forth and at the same time pivoted back and forth so that the gripper 26 experiences the required working movement.

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The lower gripper 27 is seated on a shaft 33 _t which is supported in a bearing bush 34 such that it can move back and forth. As shown on the right in FIG. 1, the upper end of the shaft 33 is connected via a link 35 to an arm 36, which in turn sits on a sleeve that can pivot on a shaft 37. The arm 36 experiences its pivoting movement via a further arm 38 which is arranged together with the arm 36 on the aforementioned sleeve and whose outer end is connected to a crank element 40 via a connecting rod 39. The crank element 40 is attached to the main drive shaft 15. In this way, the lower looper 27 is given reciprocating movements that are timed to the corresponding movements of the looper 26 and the up and down movement of the needle 22.

As shown, the needle 23 works together with a gripper 41 which is seated on a shaft 42. This wave can do both Perform longitudinal back and forth movements as well as swinging movements. The floats are through a swing arm 43 is generated, the upper, rounded end of which cooperates with disks 42a, which at the right end of the Shaft 42 are arranged. The arm 43 swings around a shaft 44 together with an arm 43a protruding at right angles free end of the arm 43a is of spherical shape and cooperates with the lower end of a connecting rod 45, the opposite end on the spherical part of a crank 4-6 attacks, which is carried by the main drive shaft 15. In this way, the gripper 41 is given the desired movements communicated to the generation of a seam from continuous

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Double chain letters (of type 401) in conjunction with the Needle 23 to ensure.

The paths of the threads fed to the various grippers are in Pig. 2 and 4 shown. The to the grippers 26 and 27, used to create an overlock seam Threads are denoted by 24a and 24b, respectively, while the one to the gripper 41 running thread, the creation of a double chain stitch serves, which bears the reference number 25a.

In the following, the devices for guiding, pulling off, tensioning and looking the threads will now be described. As best shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a stand 50 is arranged on the sewing machine with an upwardly protruding edge 50a. In the embodiment described, the stand 50 is provided with five thread tensioning devices 51. These devices each have two flat discs between which the thread runs and which give the thread a certain frictional resistance. Each of the five thread tensioning devices includes a block 52 on which a lower disc rests. The block 52 is mounted on the stand 50. A screw member 53 with an enlarged head at the upper end Ψ and a threaded shaft 53a at the lower end is screwed into a threaded hole of the block 52. A spring 54 surrounding the shaft 53a rests with its upper end on the underside of the screw head, while its lower end presses on an upper disk of the thread tensioning device. In this way the upper disc is pressed against the lower disc.

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By changing the distance of the screw head from the Block 52 can be the one exerted by spring 54 on the upper disc Force can be adjusted, so that in this way also the thread running between the discs can set the communicated voltage.

That of the sewing machine from a spool, not shown, which is arranged on a stand, also not shown may be, fed thread 24 runs between the disks of a thread tensioning device 51 through. This thread tensioning device is drawn in Fig. 4 on the far right. After passing the thread tensioning device, the thread 24 runs through an opening in the upwardly protruding edge 50a of the stator to an opening 55a (FIG. 1) in a plate 55 on the machine room is attached. From this plate, the thread 24 runs, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, downwards through openings in the arms of a U-shaped bracket 56 and thence to an opening in a plate 57 which is arranged on the needle holder 16. From here the thread runs downwards through the needle eye of the needle 22. On its way between the openings in the arms of the bracket 56, the thread engages Projection 19b of a disk-shaped oscillating member 19a when the latter is clockwise about the axis of the oscillating shaft 19 is pivoted.

In a similar way, the thread 25 runs from the associated thread tensioning device 51 through a further opening in the edge 50a and from there downwards to an arm 58, which is attached to the machine

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rahnien is attached. This arm has two in lateral Spaced portions, the upwardly protruding parts 58a of which are provided with openings through which the thread runs. The piece of thread between the two openings works with a rod-shaped oscillating member together. As can best be seen from FIG. 2, the upper section of the oscillating member 59 is pivoted to the right of the thread 25 a pulling effect. From that part 58a which is spatially separated from the part shown in FIG is, the thread runs upwards to the right (Fig. 2) through an opening 55b (Fig. 1) in the plate 55. From there the thread arrives to an adjustable arm 60 with an opening arranged at its upper end through which the thread 25 runs. From here, the thread is passed through an opening in an arm 61, which has screws 61a (FIG. 5) on one side of the needle lever 18 is attached. From the opening in the arm 61, the thread 25 runs down through an opening in one Member 16h which is attached to the needle holder 16. From here the thread arrives at a further opening in the plate 57 and then through the eye of the needle 23 (see. Figs. 1 and 2).

w The specific for the gripper 26 thread 24a extends from the associated thread-tensioning device (Fig. 4) 50. through an opening in the edge 50a of the stator in FIG. 2, the yarn 24a then passes down to the outer end of a guide member 63 " which is fastened by means of a screw 64 to an arm arranged on the machine housing. That

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Guide member 63 has two laterally spaced apart Arms 63a and 63b (FIG. 10) which lie on opposite sides of the path of movement of the rod-shaped oscillating member 59. As can be seen from FIG. 10, an oscillating movement of the member 59 serves to exert a pull-off effect on the thread 24a, when the link 59 moves from the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 2 to the position shown in broken lines Position is convicted. The thread 24a runs directly from the arm 63b to the gripper 26. The gripper 26 is used to to feed the thread 24a to the needle 22, this thread being united with the thread 24 in the course of a stitch-forming process will.

The thread 24b supplied from a point not shown initially runs from the thread tensioning device located in the middle (Fig. 4) through an opening in the edge 50a of the stand 50 and from there down to openings at the outer ends of members 65a and 65b of an arm 65 which is fastened by means of screws 66 to a part 62 of the machine frame. The thread 24b passes from the arm 65a to the lower looper 27 of the overlock stitching mechanism. As best from Fig. 10 As can be seen, the lower portion of the thread 24b engages on the portion of the thread 24b running between the links 65a and 65b of the arm 65 Part of the oscillating member 59 when it is pivoted to the left in FIGS. 2 and 10. In this way, the Thread 24b the required deduction.

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The thread 25 a, which is combined by the gripper 41 with the thread 25 of the needle 23, is initially again guided through a tensioning device 51 on the stand 50. From there the thread 25a runs through an opening in the edge 50a and from there downwards into the region of a pick-up cam 67 which is fastened to the main drive shaft 15 according to FIG. From here the thread 25a runs to an eyelet 51a in the vicinity of the lower end of the looper 4L. From there the thread is guided outwards and then along the active part of the looper 41, as shown in FIG. In the field of up-* slave cam 67, the thread passes 25a between a pick-up plate 67a and a support plate 67b. These plates are slotted to allow the cam to pass through. The plate 67a is fixed to hold the plate 67b by means of two screws 67c. The thread 25a is guided transversely through the slot in the plate 67a by means of guide wires 67d. The wires are located on opposite sides of plate 67a (Fig. 1).

The sewing machine also contains mechanisms of a known type, for example mechanisms for advancing the Workpiece. This mechanism comprises, as shown in FIG. 2, a valve rod 68 which carries a valve 68a A differential knife valve 68b can also be provided, which is attached to a further knife valve rod 68c is. The knife gate valves receive their back and forth as well as their up and down movements via known connecting means, starting from the main drive shaft 15 like this

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for example in Pig. 2 is indicated. Like from Pig. 9 shows a presser foot carrier 69b is clamped to a presser foot rod 69 »with a tapered, cylindrical end 69a. The lower end of the latter is articulated to a presser foot 69c, which in turn is connected by a spring is pressed down against the workpiece carrier. This spring is enclosed in the housing 13b.

The invention has been described herein in connection with the formation of a "security stitch". It goes without saying however, it goes without saying that the needle drive device according to the invention is also suitable for the production of other types of stitching is.

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Claims (15)

A 38 769 m m - fl May 3rd 1971 Claims Device for the optional drive of straight or curved needles in sewing machines with a needle lever moving needle holder receiving the needles, characterized in that the needle lever (18) on the one hand ) by means of a swivel joint (18a, 18b) and a linear slide guide (16e) with the one on a straight guide (T7) necessarily guided, a straight needle (22) carrying Needle holder (16) and on the other hand by means of a rigid attachment directly to the otherwise unguided, one curved needle-bearing needle holder is connectable. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle holder (16) sliding on a fixed, straight guide rod (17) by means of two bearing eyes (16a, 16b) is led. 3 «Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that "that a needle (22) arranged in the needle holder (16) has at least one gripper (26) for producing an overlock seam is assigned and the gripper a thread loop from a point below the workpiece to be sewn to a point transferred above the workpiece, so that the needle (22) closes the loop when it next punctures the workpiece records. 109847/1 330 A 38 769 m «* m - fl - 'Z1 May 3, 1971 -Λ, - 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3> characterized in that that in the needle holder (16) another straight needle (23) is attached and this needle a gripper (41) is assigned in such a way that at a distance from the overlock seam produced by means of the first needle (22) a second Seam can be generated. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4 »characterized in that that a needle (22) arranged in the needle holder (16) has two grippers (26, 27) for producing an overlock seam are assigned and the first looper a thread loop formed by the needle (22) Pad loop leads, while the other looper leads a thread loop through the loop formed by the first looper Needle loop leads and brings this loop into the needle track. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they are at least partially together with the drive parts of the sewing machine, in particular a main drive shaft (15) and drive shafts for the grippers and the needle lever is enclosed by a low housing (10) with a small projection (13a), and that the straight guide (17) of the needle holder (16) is arranged on the projection (13a). 1098A7 / 1330 A 38 769 m "-> m - f 1 · · ' It 3.5.1971 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide rod (17) has a has eccentric head (17a) with which the rod is held on the machine housing (10, 13a). 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide rod (17) through Rotating its eccentric head (17a) relative to the Grippers is adjustable. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the eccentric head (17a) of the guide rod (17) can be fixed by screws (17c) in the housing (10, 13a). 10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the main drive shaft (15) of the sewing machine driven oscillating shaft (19) is provided is on which the needle lever (18) is arranged, and that a roller at the free end of the needle lever (18) (18b) is provided, which is in a slot guide (I6e) the needle holder (16) is guided. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that inside the guide rod (17) an axially extending channel for receiving a lubricant soaked with a lubricant supplied from the inside of the housing Wick is provided, and that the guide rod (17) 109847/1330 A 38 769 κ
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Lubricant from the wick (17d) reaches the outer surface of the guide rod (17). 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that
the lubricant to the top of the wick (I7d)
With the help of another wick (I7f), the
One end of the lubricant from the inside of the
Machine housing (10, 11) receives and rests with its other end on the wick (17d). 13.Vorrichtung according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the attached in the needle holder
Needles (22, 23) the threads (24, 25, 24a, 24b, 25a) are fed via thread guide means, and these thread guide means comprise an oscillating shaft (19) to which a rod (59) is attached in such a way that the two Bar ends across
protrude from the oscillating shaft, and that the threads (25 »24a, 24b) in the area of the rod (59) through in mutual
Spaced eyelets on the rod (29) in such a way
are guided that the rod (59) exerts a thread pull-off effect when swinging back and forth. 109847/1 330 A 38 769 m », # m - fl λψ May 3, 1971 —9 - 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the oscillating shaft (19) a Oscillating member (19a, 19b) is arranged, which on a thread (24) running past in its oscillation area Exerts pulling effect. 15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the main drive shaft (15) a take-up cam (67) engaging the thread (25a) and pulling off the thread is arranged in the machine. 1098 4 7/1330 ι ^2Sr * Blank page