DE202021002396U1 - Functional element and plate element for soil stabilization - Google Patents

Abstract

Functional element (1) for soil stabilization, comprising: a cylindrical central part (2) which has a lateral surface; andfour hollow profile elements (3) which each have essentially the same shape in a plan view and are attached to the jacket surface offset from one another in a circumferential direction of the jacket surface.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a functional element for soil stabilization and a plate element in which several functional elements are joined together in a materially bonded manner. Such elements are also known as turf stones.

Background of the invention

Increasing surface sealing and the call from agriculture for rapid discharge of surface water, as well as changed amounts of precipitation, lead to falling groundwater levels. Cities and municipalities are therefore trying to design large usable areas in such a way that precipitation penetrates the surface again and balances the groundwater level. In order to be able to use areas such as lawns, golf courses, parking lots, etc. even after heavy rainfall, elements are often used to fix the vegetation or fill. The material of choice is plastic, often as a recyclate.

In addition to the many advantages that plastic has, such as longevity, flexibility and resistance to environmental influences, it differs very clearly in its behavior towards environmental substances or classic building materials. It can be expected that a meadow area is exposed to temperature fluctuations between -30 ° C and 70 ° C. The expansion coefficient is between 0.01% and 0.3%.

DE 195 40 538 A1 discloses a lawn grating element made of a ground surface which is covered with a grating structure for receiving humus or the like. The lattice structure consists of octagonal honeycombs, each of which is assigned four opposite columns, each of which has a wall in common with the honeycomb, a free wall of the honeycomb being provided between two common walls.

The invention is based on the object of providing a functional element for soil stabilization that can better compensate for deformations and can be used flexibly.

Summary of the invention

This object is achieved by the subjects of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a functional element for soil stabilization is provided, which has a cylindrical central part, which has a lateral surface, and four hollow profile elements, which in a plan view each have essentially the same shape and offset from one another in a circumferential direction of the lateral surface on the lateral surface are appropriate.

According to one embodiment, exactly four hollow profile elements are provided, which in the plan view are attached to the outer surface with axis and mirror symmetry.

According to one exemplary embodiment, an outer contour of the hollow profile elements does not have a corner in the top view. The outer contour of the hollow profile elements preferably does not have a convex corner in plan view, more preferably the hollow profile elements are not honeycomb-shaped.

According to one exemplary embodiment, at least part of an outer contour in the top view of the functional element is essentially defined by line sections of four identical ellipses. The main axes of the ellipses lie on a respective edge of an imaginary square. The line section which connects other parallel ellipses to one another is removed from a respective ellipse, with the remaining line sections of the ellipses forming a union surface. At least part of an outer contour of the union surface is at least that part of the outer contour of the functional element. According to one embodiment, the union surface is furthermore defined by the cylindrical central part.

According to one embodiment, at least one hollow profile element has a pin on its outer side which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part. At least one hollow profile element has a receptacle which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part. The pin of the functional element can be inserted into a receptacle of another, identical functional element, so that the functional element and the other functional element are arranged next to one another and are connected to one another in a force-fitting or form-fitting manner.

According to one embodiment, at least one hollow profile element has a spring on its outside, which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part. At least one hollow profile element has a groove which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part. The tongue of the functional element can be inserted into the groove of another, identical functional element, so that the functional element and the other functional element are arranged next to one another and are connected to one another in a force-fitting or form-fitting manner.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the functional element furthermore has at least one lighting element which is arranged in the cylindrical central part and / or in at least one of the four hollow profile elements.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a plate element for soil stabilization is provided which has two, preferably exactly two, functional elements which are joined to one another in a materially bonded manner.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a plate element for soil stabilization is provided which has four, preferably exactly four, functional elements which are joined together in a 2 × 2 matrix.

The functional element and the plate element for soil stabilization have a high ability to compensate for the coefficient of linear expansion by using a “lucky clover” contour (four-leaf clover) and its derivatives. Different elements can be adapted for different purposes and tasks, as well as comfort and safety aspects (lighting).

It should be noted that embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to different subjects of the invention. However, when reading this application, it will immediately become clear to the person skilled in the art that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, in addition to a combination of features belonging to one type of subject matter of the invention, any combination of features relating to different types of Subjects of the invention belong.

Further advantages and features of the present invention emerge from the following exemplary description of currently preferred embodiments. The individual figures of the drawing of this document are only to be regarded as schematic and not true to scale.

Figure list

• 1 shows a plan view of a functional element for soil stabilization according to an embodiment;
• 2 until 4th show a definition of a layout of a functional element according to an embodiment;
• 5 shows a plan view of a plate element for soil stabilization according to an embodiment;
• 6th FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of the plate element of FIG 5 ;
• 7th shows an arrangement of several plate elements according to an embodiment; and
• 8th shows an arrangement of several plate elements according to an embodiment.

Detailed description

It is pointed out that in the following detailed description, features or components of different embodiments that are identical or at least functionally identical to the corresponding features or components of another embodiment are provided with the same reference symbols or with reference symbols which are shown in FIG the last two digits are identical to the reference symbols of corresponding identical or at least functionally identical features or components. To avoid unnecessary repetition, features or components that have already been explained using a previously described embodiment are no longer explained in detail at a later point.

It is also pointed out that the embodiments described below only represent a limited selection of possible embodiment variants of the invention. In particular, it is possible to combine the features of individual embodiments with one another in a suitable manner, so that for the person skilled in the art with the embodiment variants explicitly shown here, a large number of different embodiments are to be seen as obviously disclosed.

It should also be noted that spatial terms such as “front” and “rear”, “top” and “bottom”, “left” and “right”, etc. are used to denote the relationship of one element to another element or to describe other elements as illustrated in the figures. Accordingly, the spatial terms may apply to orientations that differ from the orientations shown in the figures. It goes without saying, however, that all such spatial terms, for the sake of simplicity of description, relate to the orientations shown in the drawings and are not necessarily limiting, since the respective device, component etc. shown assume orientations when in use which may be different from the orientations shown in the drawing.

• 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf ein Funktionselement 1 zur Bodenstabilisierung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel. Das Funktionselement 1 hat einen zylindrischen Mittelteil 2, der eine Mantelfläche aufweist, und vier Hohlprofilelemente 3, die in einer Draufsicht, d.h. parallel zu einer Achse des Mitteteils 2, jeweils im Wesentlichen die gleiche Form und Größe haben und in einer Umfangsrichtung der Mantelfläche zueinander versetzt an der Mantelfläche angebracht sind. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind genau vier Hohlprofilelemente 3 vorgesehen, die in der Draufsicht achs- und spiegelsymmetrisch an der Mantelfläche angebracht sind. Die Hohlprofilelemente 3 sind um die Achse des Mitteteils 2 in einem Winkelabstand von 90° voneinander versetzt. Eine Außenkontur der Hohlprofilelemente 3 weist in der Draufsicht keine Ecke auf. Insbesondere sind die Hohlprofilelemente 3 nicht wabenförmig.

The invention or embodiments of the invention described in this document can can be summarized in descriptive terms as follows:

• 1 shows a plan view of a functional element 1 for soil stabilization according to an embodiment. The functional element 1 has a cylindrical central part 2 , which has a lateral surface, and four hollow profile elements 3 in a plan view, ie parallel to an axis of the central part 2 , each have essentially the same shape and size and are attached to the jacket surface offset from one another in a circumferential direction of the jacket surface. In the exemplary embodiment there are exactly four hollow profile elements 3 provided, which are attached axially and mirror-symmetrically to the lateral surface in plan view. The hollow profile elements 3 are around the axis of the central part 2 offset from each other at an angular distance of 90 °. An outer contour of the hollow profile elements 3 has no corner in plan view. In particular, the hollow profile elements 3 not honeycomb.

The cylindrical middle part 2 can either be closed or also designed as a hollow profile. In the latter case, water can be in the cylindrical central part 2 can be stored, or a lighting device or any other device can be arranged there.

2 until 4th show a definition of a layout of the functional element 1 according to an embodiment. At least part of an outer contour in the top view of the functional element 1 is essentially made up of line segments of four equal ellipses 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3 , 4.4 defined, where major axes of the ellipses 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3 , 4.4 on a respective edge of an imaginary square 5 lie like this in the 2 is shown. In the middle of the imaginary square 5 is the cylindrical middle part 2 . From a respective ellipse 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3 , 4.4 that line segment 6 is removed, which other, mutually parallel ellipses 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3 , 4.4 connects, like this in the 3 is shown. The term “parallel ellipses” means that pair of ellipses whose main axes run parallel. Ie from the ellipse 4.1 that line segment is removed, which the ellipses 4.2 and 4.3 connects, from the ellipse 4.2 that line segment is removed, which the ellipses 4.1 and 4.4 connects, from the ellipse 4.3 that line segment is removed, which the ellipses 4.1 and 4.4 connects, and from the ellipse 4.4 that line segment 6 is removed, which the ellipses 4.2 and 4.3 connects. This removes all of the essential contours that would later compensate for an expansion or compression of the corresponding functional element 1 oppose.

Remaining line segments of the ellipses 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3 , 4.4 form a union surface, the outer contour of which in turn forms a union surface of the functional element 1 is like this in the 4th is shown. In addition, the union surface is the cylindrical central part 2 Are defined.

The functional element 1 essentially has the shape of a four-leaf clover, which gives it its beneficial properties. In particular, the hollow profile elements widen 3 outward along the radial direction. Furthermore, each hollow profile element 3 deform as required without coming into contact with an adjacent hollow profile element 3 comes. The deformations can be in the radial direction as well as in the circumferential direction of the functional element 1 appear. For any purposes and associated material thicknesses, the function of compensating for expansion or shrinkage, for example due to temperature influences, is thus retained in all horizontal directions in an advantageous manner. In this respect, the elasticity of the selected material only plays a subordinate role, since the geometry itself ensures the above-mentioned function.

5 shows a plan view of a plate element 10 for soil stabilization according to an embodiment, and 6th Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the plate member 10 . In the 5 some ellipses are shown as examples. The plate element 10 is essentially square and consists of four functional elements 1 that are firmly joined together in a 2x2 matrix. For example, the plate element 10 can be produced in one piece by injection molding or continuous casting.

The hollow profile elements 3 on two adjacent sides of the square each have a pin on their outer sides 7th on, which is parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part 2 extends. The hollow profile elements 3 the other two adjoining sides of the square each have a receptacle on their outer sides 8th on, which is parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part 2 extends. The cones 7th can in the recordings 8th another, same functional element 1 can be plugged so that the functional element 1 and the other functional element 1 arranged next to one another and connected to one another in a non-positive or positive manner. The recording 8th preferably has the shape of a round hollow cylinder which has a slot on the outside. At the same time is the tenon 7th by a connecting web on the rest of the functional element 1 attached, wherein the connecting web is designed complementary to the slot and engages in this. The connecting web and the slot can each also only extend along half the thickness of the functional element 1 extend.

Alternatively, at least one hollow profile element has 3 on its outside a spring which is parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part 2 extends, and at least one hollow profile element 3 has a groove that is parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part 2 extends. By means of a tongue and groove connection, the tongue of the functional element 1 into the groove of another, identical functional element 1 be plugged so that the functional element 1 and the other functional element 1 arranged next to one another and connected to one another in a non-positive or positive manner.

In a modification of the 5 and 6th plate element shown 10 an alternative plate element (not shown) can be provided, which consists of exactly two functional elements 1 exists, which are cohesively joined together next to one another.

7th shows an arrangement of several plate elements 10 according to an embodiment. The plate element 10 on the right side is half a dimension opposite the plate elements 10 attached offset on the left side. This is made possible, among other things, by the arrangement of the four functional elements 1 in the plate element 10 in the form of the 2x2 matrix. This facilitates or enables the plate elements to be laid 10 along radii.

8th shows an arrangement of several plate elements according to an embodiment. The plate element 10 are fastened offset from each other by a quarter of a dimension. This is made possible, among other things, by the arrangement of the four functional elements 1 in the plate element 10 in the form of the 2x2 matrix as well as the feature that all hollow profile elements 3 of the plate element 10 either a peg 7th or a recording 8th have (alternatively either a tongue or a groove). This, too, facilitates or enables the plate elements to be laid 10 along radii, for example around one in the 8th shown round object, for example a tree.

In addition, the plate elements 10 be bent sharply when laying. The plate elements get on 10 then under tension, which can be relieved relatively quickly by relaxing.

The functions, special features and unique selling points are shown in this exemplary embodiment for a relatively low load, but for a high bed for humus or bedding. For this purpose, further exemplary embodiments with a lower overall height are conceivable, which have a higher buckling moment and thus a higher vertical load capacity. In a further embodiment, the material of the plate element is 10 a translucent polymer. In a further exemplary embodiment, a wall of the plate element has a cavity. The cavity can be open at a vertical end side to be filled with any material.

Also within the hollow profile elements 3 Lighting elements such as LED bodies can be arranged to illuminate an entire area if necessary (light smog) or to mark parking spaces. The LED technology offers the possibility of different colors. Red LED light can be used when parking spaces are occupied or parking spaces in need of improvement, and green lighting is used for free spaces. Evacuation and emergency corridors can be marked, as well as driveways or emergency routes in otherwise predominantly lush vegetation.

The functional element 1 and the plate member 10 offer a wealth of application possibilities. They can be made from polymers with a phosphorescent effect. In addition, these elements are ideally suited to reducing or preventing soil erosion.

A high layer of humus can be used to create fertile fortifications, and weeds can be avoided in the long term by adding large amounts of gravel or gravel. A high capacity for soil stabilization can be achieved through strong rooting, e.g. for embankments, streams and river beds, or flood channels. Chessboard-like layouts are possible.

It is noted that the term “having” does not exclude other elements and that the “a” does not exclude a plurality. Elements that are described in connection with different exemplary embodiments can also be combined. It should also be noted that any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

List of reference symbols

1

Functional element

2

Middle part

3

Hollow profile element

4.1

ellipse

4.2

ellipse

4.3

ellipse

4.4

ellipse

5

imaginary square

7th

Cones

8th

recording

10

Plate element

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 19540538 A1 [0004]

Claims (10)

Functional element (1) for soil stabilization, with: a cylindrical central part (2) which has a lateral surface; and four hollow profile elements (3), which in a plan view each have essentially the same shape and are attached to the jacket surface offset from one another in a circumferential direction of the jacket surface. Functional element (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein exactly four hollow profile elements (3) are provided, which are attached axially and mirror-symmetrically to the lateral surface in the plan view. Functional element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an outer contour of the hollow profile elements (3) has no corner in the plan view. Functional element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least part of an outer contour in the top view of the functional element (1) is essentially defined by line sections of four identical ellipses (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4), where: The main axes of the ellipses (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) lie on a respective edge of an imaginary square (5); from a respective ellipse (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) that line segment is removed which connects other, mutually parallel ellipses (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4), with remaining line segments of the ellipses (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) a Form union surface; and at least part of an outer contour of the union surface is at least that part of the outer contour of the functional element (1). Functional element (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the union surface is also defined by the cylindrical central part (2). Functional element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one hollow profile element (3) has a pin (7) on its outside which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part (2); at least one hollow profile element (3) has a receptacle (8) which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part (2); whereby the pin (7) of the functional element (1) can be inserted into a receptacle of another, identical functional element (1), so that the functional element (1) and the other functional element (1) are arranged next to one another and are non-positively or positively connected to one another. Functional element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one hollow profile element (3) has a spring on its outside which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part (2); at least one hollow profile element (3) has a groove which extends parallel to an axis of the cylindrical central part (2); whereby the tongue of the functional element (1) can be inserted into the groove of another, identical functional element (1), so that the functional element (1) and the other functional element (1) are arranged next to one another and connected to one another in a non-positive or positive manner. Functional element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: at least one lighting element which is arranged in the cylindrical central part (2) and / or at least one of the four hollow profile elements (3). Plate element (10) for soil stabilization, with: two, preferably exactly two, functional elements (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which are joined to one another in a materially bonded manner. Plate element (10) for soil stabilization, with: four, preferably exactly four, functional elements (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which are materially joined to one another in a 2x2 matrix.

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