DE202019005812U1 - bale shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

Bale dissolver (4) for a bale (5) of litter and/or fodder (S), with output devices (6) for the latter and a bale receiving floor (7) and transport devices (8) assigned to it, which are designed for litter and/or fodder (S) from a bale (5) and to transport it to the output devices (6), which are located downstream of the bale receiving floor (7) in the transport direction of the transport devices (8), characterized in that a bale lifter (H) is also provided, which is arranged and designed to lift or tilt a bale (5) of litter and/or fodder S lying on the bale receiving floor (7) towards the output devices (6) for the latter.

Description

The present invention relates to a bale opener according to the preamble of claim 1.

The present invention is based on a bale breaker from the same applicant according to EP 3 078 260 A1 . Such a bale dissolver is for a bale of litter and/or fodder (hereinafter also referred to as "material") and contains output devices for the latter as well as a bale receiving floor and associated transport devices that are designed to remove litter and/or fodder from the bale and to to transport the output devices, which are downstream of the bale receiving floor in the transport direction of the transport devices, the transport devices having at least one sieve chain running parallel to their transport direction or a scraper floor aligned parallel to the transport direction of the transport devices.

The aim of the present invention is to further improve such a basically useful working bale opener.

This is achieved with a bale opener according to claim 1.

The invention thus creates a bale dissolver for a bale of litter and/or fodder (hereinafter also referred to generally as "material"), with output devices for the latter as well as a bale receiving floor and transport devices assigned to it, which are designed to produce litter and/or fodder from a to detach bales and to transport them to the output devices, which are downstream of the bale receiving floor in the transport direction of the transport devices, wherein a bale lifter is also provided, which is arranged and designed to lift a bale of litter and/or feed lying on the ball receiving floor to the output devices for the latter to lift or tilt. It is thereby achieved that the bale of litter and/or feed is acted upon by itself, with advantageous use of gravity, towards the output devices and can be broken up there so that the litter and/or feed can then be output.

It is preferred if the bale lifter contains a plurality of ropes, in particular wire ropes, which are fastened near or at the output devices near or on the bale receiving floor, run from there in the transport direction of the transport devices away from the output devices and at the farthest from the latter End of the bale receiving floor can be raised. Thus, by lifting the ends of the ropes, such as wire ropes in particular, at the end of the bale receiving floor remote from the output devices, it can be tilted towards the output devices, which is an equally simple, inexpensive and effective way of allowing the bale of bedding and/or fodder to be used to advantage is acted upon by gravity almost automatically towards the output devices and can be released there so that the litter and/or feed can then be output.

The bale lifter preferably contains 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 ropes, in particular wire ropes.

Furthermore, it can preferably be provided that the bale lifter is part of the transport device or is combined with it.

• - Stromaufnahme eines Antriebsmotors der Transporteinrichtungen, insbesondere einer Auflöse- oder Siebkette,
• - Stromaufnahme eines Antriebsmotors der Ausgabeeinrichtungen, insbesondere einer Förder- oder Austragungsschnecke, und/oder
• - Fördergeschwindigkeit des Materials in einem Austragungsschneckenrohr der Ausgabeeinrichtungen, insbesondere über ein dem Austragungsschneckenrohr zugeordnetes Kettenrad.

Another advantageous and preferred embodiment of the bale opener is that the bale lifter contains a lifter drive and preferably an electric lifter motor that operates it and is designed in such a way that at least the end of the bale facing away from the output devices is raised and lowered. A preferred development of this is that a controller is provided for the lift motor and is designed during operation to control the lift motor for raising or lowering the bale lifter and thus the end of the bale facing away from the output devices, depending on at least one operating parameter, the value of which is in is taken into account by the controller at intervals or continuously by correspondingly at least one operating parameter sensor, whereby it can preferably also be provided that for the controller as an operating parameter for controlling the lifting or lowering of the bale lifter and thus the end of the bale facing away from the output devices at least one of the following operating parameters is recorded by means of a corresponding sensor:

• - Power consumption of a drive motor of the transport devices, in particular a pulping or sieving chain,
• - Power consumption of a drive motor of the output devices, in particular a conveyor or discharge screw, and / or
• - Conveying speed of the material in a discharge worm tube of the dispensing devices, in particular via a chain wheel associated with the discharge worm tube.

Yet another preferred embodiment consists in that a bottleneck is connected upstream of the output devices in relation to the transport or conveying direction. This can preferably be further developed in that the bottleneck associated with a lower friction plate and an upper friction plate, blades preferably protruding from the lower friction plate and the upper friction plate into the intermediate space formed between the lower friction plate and the upper friction plate, and furthermore preferably the lower friction plate and the upper friction plate can each be pivoted and in particular by spring devices is biased toward the gap.

Another preferred embodiment of the bale shredder is that the output devices contain a screw helix, which is preceded by a screw channel entry design that limits the flow of the material to only one radial area of the screw helix and, in particular, a corresponding baffle plate and/or one in the discharge direction of the material has a smaller diameter in at least one stage or continuously.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the output devices contain an open conveying or discharge channel section, in which a screw helix is arranged and arranged for the supply of material, and a closed conveying or discharge channel section downstream of the open conveying or discharge channel section in the discharge direction of the material, which in Discharge direction of the material is extended in a funnel shape.

Still other advantageous and preferred configurations result from the combination of individual claims, the following description of the figures for individual exemplary embodiments and the figures in the drawing. Further preferred configurations emerge from the information in EP 3 078 260 A1 , These configurations and their individual features and generally the full disclosure of the EP 3 078 260 Al are included here in their entirety by reference and can be combined with or integrated into the bale lifter provided according to the invention, insofar as this is technically possible and sensible, which is readily apparent to a person skilled in the art.

• 1 in einer perspektivischen schematischen Ansicht ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Ballenauflösers als mobile Einstreu- und/oder Futterverteileinrichtung,
• 2 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht ein weiteres grundsätzliches zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Ballenauflösers als mobile Einstreu- und/oder Futterverteileinrichtung mit einem Ballenheber, wobei der Ballen aus Streu und/oder Futter in nicht angehobenem Zustand auf dem Ballenaufnahmeboden sowie ggf. diesen zugeordneten Transporteinrichtungen oder diesen zugeordneten weiteren Transporteinrichtungen liegend gezeigt ist, und
• 3 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel des Ballenauflösers aus der 2 mit einseitig angehobenem Ballen aus Streu und/oder Futter,
• 4 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht ein weiteres drittes Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Ballenauflöser verdeutlicht, wobei es speziell um Vermeidung von oder Vorbeugen gegen „Klumpenbildung“ an den Ausgabeeinrichtungen geht,
• 5 in schematischen vergrößerten Seitenansichten Details des weiteren dritten Ausführungsbeispiels aus der 4,
• 6 in einer teilweise geschnittenen Detailansicht eine Einzelheit eines weiteren vierten Ausführungsbeispiels für einen Ballenauflöser,
• 7 in einer teilweise geschnittenen Detailansicht eine Einzelheit eines weiteren fünften Ausführungsbeispiels für einen Ballenauflöser, und
• 8 in einer teilweise geschnittenen Detailansicht eine Einzelheit eines weiteren sechsten Ausführungsbeispiels für einen Ballenauflöser.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, which shows:

• 1 in a perspective schematic view a first embodiment of a bale shredder as a mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device,
• 2 in a schematic side view, another basic second embodiment of a bale breaker as a mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device with a bale lifter, with the bale of litter and/or feed not being lifted on the bale receiving floor and any transport devices assigned to them or other transport devices assigned to them is shown lying down, and
• 3 in a schematic side view, the second embodiment of the bale opener from 2 with a bale of litter and/or feed raised on one side,
• 4 in a schematic side view, a further third embodiment of a bale opener, which is specifically about avoiding or preventing "lump formation" on the output devices,
• 5 in schematic enlarged side views of details of the further third exemplary embodiment from FIG 4 ,
• 6 in a partially sectioned detailed view a detail of another fourth exemplary embodiment for a bale opener,
• 7 in a partially sectioned detailed view a detail of a further fifth exemplary embodiment for a bale opener, and
• 8th in a partially sectioned detailed view a detail of a further sixth exemplary embodiment for a bale opener.

On the basis of the exemplary embodiments and application examples described below and illustrated in the drawings, the invention is only explained in more detail by way of example, i.e. it is not limited to these exemplary embodiments and application examples.

Individual features that are specified and/or illustrated in connection with a specific exemplary embodiment are not limited to this exemplary embodiment or the combination with the other features of this exemplary embodiment, but can, within the scope of what is technically possible, be combined with any other variants, even if they are are not dealt with separately in the available documents can be combined.

The same reference symbols in the individual figures and illustrations of the drawing denote the same or similar components or components with the same or similar effect. The representations in the drawing also make clear those features that are not provided with reference symbols, regardless of whether such features are described below or not. On the other hand, there are also features that are included in the present description but are not visible or represented in the drawing are provided, readily understandable for a person skilled in the art.

The general explanations and specific features of individual embodiments from the EP 3 078 260 A1 are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety with regard to basic designs and exemplary embodiments as well as function and advantages, from which basic designs and technology as well as advantageous further designs in connection with the designs according to the invention of the present documents result, insofar as this is technically possible and meaningful, which for a person skilled in the art without further is recognizable.

1. 1. Ballen aus Heu, Stroh und dergleichen aufzulösen, damit das Material des Ballens als Futter oder Einstreu für die Tierhaltung von z.B. Pferden verwendet werden kann,
2. 2. Ställe und Boxen von z.B. Pferden mit z.B. Stroh effizient einstreuen,

und

• 3. Raufutter, wie z.B. Heu, in Ställe und Boxen fördern. Bei der Anwendung mit Heu/Raufutter kann man die Erfindung im weiteren Sinn auch als Raufutterautomat bezeichnen.

The invention relates to or is a technical device from the field of agricultural technology, specifically the field of feed technology or stable technology, and performs or supports the following main tasks alternatively or in combination:

1. 1. Breaking up bales of hay, straw and the like so that the material in the bale can be used as fodder or bedding for animal husbandry, e.g. horses,
2. 2. Efficiently litter stables and stalls of e.g. horses with e.g. straw,

and

• 3. Convey roughage, such as hay, into stables and boxes. When used with hay/roughage, the invention can also be described as a roughage automat in a broader sense.

the 1 shows a perspective schematic view of a first exemplary embodiment of a bale breaker 4 as a mobile litter and/or feed distribution device 1. This mobile litter and/or feed distribution device 1 contains conveying devices 2, such as in particular a chassis 3, which is equipped with the bale breaker 4 for a bale 5 made of litter and/or fodder (hereinafter also referred to generally as “material”) S and carries it as well as further provided output devices 6 for litter and/or fodder S. The bale opener 4 contains a bale receiving floor 7 and associated transport devices 8, which are designed to remove litter and/or forage S from the bale 5 and to transport them to the output devices 6, which are downstream of the bale receiving floor 7 in the conveying or transport direction T of the transport devices 8 are.

The bale receiving floor 7 is at least partially formed from a perforated plate 9, under which a collecting container 10 for dust and small material is arranged. As a result, when the bale 5 of litter and/or feed S is broken up and transported by the transport devices 8, dust and small material can fall through holes (not visible) in the perforated plate 9 of the bale receiving floor 7 into the collecting container 10 and is thus removed during the littering and/or distribution of feed is not spread out, so that the burden of dust, dirt and small material on a stall supplied with the bale dissolver 4 or the mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 is extremely low.

The transport devices 8 of the first embodiment of the bale dissolver 4 or the mobile litter and / or feed distribution device 1 from the 1 contain at least one sieve chain 13. Alternatively or in combination with this, the transport devices 8 could also contain a scraper floor (not shown) which, when used solely for opening the bale 5, i.e. for removing stalks, is equipped accordingly, so that with the scraper floor not only a conveying force and movement is generated on the bale 5 to the output devices 6. This is realized with a scraper floor as well as with a correspondingly equipped sieve chain 13, for example, by means of drivers 14 in the form of knives, blades, hooks, combs or rods.

Furthermore, a bale lifter H is provided, which is arranged and designed to lift a bale 5 of litter and/or fodder S lying on the bale receiving floor 7 to the output devices 6 for the latter or according to the second exemplary embodiment explained below in FIGS 2 and 3 to tip how particular the 3 clarified.

Referring first back to the 1 a chopper 16 can also be upstream of or integrated into the output devices 6. Especially when using a chopper 16, dust extraction devices 15 can advantageously still work in combination to remove dust and very small material produced during chopping. With such a combination of chopper 16 and dust extraction devices 15, the latter are preferably arranged between the chopper 16 and the output devices 6 or combined with the latter or integrated therein.

For the operation of the individual components of the bale opener 4 or the mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1, at least one drive electric motor 21 is advantageously included, which in particular can optionally be used to start or operate the chassis 3, bale opener 4 as a whole, transport devices 8 of the bale opener 4 alone and / or output devices 6 and possibly components before, in or after the latter is operable. Preferably, a separate lifting motor 5 is provided in particular for the ball lifter H of the ball dissolver 4, which is more preferably also is an electric motor.

Any electric motor can be operated either with a battery (not shown) or a mains connection (not shown) and enables the bale shredder 4 or the mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 to be used without producing any emissions. Since stables sometimes have suitable towing vehicles (not shown), is in the first embodiment of the bale dissolver 4 or the mobile litter and / or feed distribution device 1 after 1 a coupling 22 for attaching the mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 to a suitable towing vehicle (not shown) or a so-called pulling aid (not shown) is provided, while alternatively or additionally in another embodiment of the bale dissolver 4 or the mobile bedding and / Or feed distribution device 1, an electric motor drive (not shown) of the chassis 3 can be integrated.

The bale dissolver 4 or the mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 with the bale dissolver 4 can, as already explained, advantageously and preferably also be equipped with a chopper 16, which cuts stalk-like material, such as hay or straw, into the stables. from a bale 5, which can be, for example, a large bale 5 supplied by a producer, such as a "round bale" with an exemplary width of approx. 1.20 m and a diameter of approx. 1.20 m to 1.90 m , or a "square bale" with the dimensions approx. 1.20 m wide, approx. 0.80 m high and approx. 1.80 m to 2.20 m long, compared to the original length directly from the harvest to a uniform short length range crushed. An average square bale of straw weighs around 220 kg to 350 kg. The chopper 16 is preferably designed and/or designed in such a way that it shreds the stalk-like material to a length of about 20 mm to about 50 mm. Because the straw is chopped, the capacity increases by 25% to 40%.

If the bale opener 4 is equipped with wheels and optionally its own drive, preferably an electric drive, it can be driven or driven with a large amount of straw from box to box, for example in a horse stable. The mobile litter and/or feed distribution device 1 with bale opening function can advantageously be equipped with further options in addition to the advantageous chopper 16, such as preferably suction, steamer, scales and/or identification means/barcode reader.

It is also pointed out that, within the scope of the present disclosure, such bale breakers 4 or litter and/or feed distribution devices 1 with a bale breakup function are also considered to be mobile if their transport device does not have a chassis 3 for transporting the entire bedding and/or feed distribution device, but rather transport devices 2 only for the hay and/or straw S released from a bale 5 and, for example, chopped, such as conveyor devices, including conveyor belts, movable transport containers, etc. I.e. that the term "mobile" in the present application means that the hay and/or straw S released from a bale 5 by the bale breaker, even if this should be stationary, without it having to be picked up and transported manually, is brought from or through the bedding and/or feed distribution device to the place of need where it is can be distributed manually or automatically.

With the bale breaker 4 or the mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 with the bale breaker 4, which can be used for straw-like material, such as hay or straw S, the material is removed from the heavily pressed bales, especially large bales, at the touch of a button, so to speak 5 is torn out, loosened up and dusted at the same time so that it can be fed with improved feed quality, e.g. as hay. At the same time, the material can be steamed with simple water or various aromas, e.g. essential oils. In addition, the material can be fractionated and weighed and documented at the same time. The bale shredder 4 can be moved from box to box in a stable with a "big bale" in mobile form. The process of "dissolving" described above - dust removal, steaming, fractionating, weighing, documenting - can therefore be carried out directly on the box. In this way, numerous individual distances are saved separately for each job.

In use, a hay or straw bale 5 lies on the sieve chain 13 and on the underlying bale receiving floor 7 and, during operation of the sieve chain 13, is pushed against a front wall of the bale breaker 4 in the direction of, for example, a screw conveyor 45 (see, for example, 6 , 7 and 8th ) of the output devices 6 and stopped there. The carriers 14, such as blades, on the sieve chain 13 run under the bale 5 in the direction of the output devices 6, preferably between shearbars (not shown). Material is torn from the bale 5 and shredded or torn in a defined manner between the carriers 14 and the shearbars. The material fractionated in this way then falls into, for example, the screw conveyor 45 of the output devices 6 and is transported onward. Through the interaction of the driver 14 with The material can be fractionated and shredded in a defined manner using the shearbars (not shown). Rotating blades, for example, can also be used as shearbars.

Another major advantage of bale breakup 4 with a (modified) sieve chain 13 compared to using other transport devices 8 is that a sieve chain 13 can be operated at comparatively low speeds in order to achieve the required “release” and transport effects. Naturally, at lower speeds, the formation of dust is significantly lower. Furthermore, lower speeds are particularly advantageous for mobile devices if the energy resources required for electric operation are taken along in the form of batteries or accumulators, since lower speeds are associated with lower energy consumption and thus the operating time of a mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 equipped in this way is longer.

So-called "slabs", i.e. wet straw (caused by local wet spots on the field), which is pressed together with dry straw in a bale 5 and sometimes becomes "hard as stone", are normally disposed of, since they cannot be removed manually, e.g. with a fork can tear apart. When using a bale shredder 4 with a sieve chain 13, these slabs are effortlessly broken up into light, fluffy straw without the machine operator noticing anything at all.

Apart from hay and straw bales 5 to be crushed, for example, bales of miscanthus, silo bales, haylage bales and others can also be processed with the bale breaker 4 of the mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 .

Within the scope of the invention, the bale breaker 4 can be used either as a mobile device on a chassis 3 or as a stationary device with downstream conveying devices 2 for the mobility of only the released material.

An optional electronic controller (not shown) in operative connection with a data processing system for controlling, planning and/or managing litter and/or feed S for individual stable boxes, animals and/or complete stables, a scale, in particular downstream of or integrated into the output devices , and detection devices for identification means such as barcodes, magnetic collars and the like can advantageously be provided. The detection devices can contain a wide variety of data acquisition systems, such as barcode readers, chip card readers, coin machines, scales, volumetric meters or similar. Controlled nozzles for spraying hay and/or straw, for example, are also possible. The latter is used, for example, with very short straw. Here, for example, an anti-glare agent is sprayed on so that this short straw is not eaten (danger of colic, throat blockage, etc.). These nozzles can also be used to spray water to further help control dust build-up or to spray various flavors such as fennel, chamomile or others. Such a controller can advantageously also be designed to control output devices 6 and transport devices 8 and possibly choppers 16 and dust extraction devices 15 .

As described, the present invention is based on a bale dissolver 4 or a mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device 1 with transport devices 2, such as in particular a chassis 3, with the bale dissolver 4 for a bale 5 of litter containing output devices 6 for the latter, and The bale opener 4 contains a bale receiving floor 7 and transport devices 8 assigned to it, which are designed to remove litter and/or forage S from a bale 5 and to transport them to the output devices 6, which are located downstream of the bale receiving floor 7 in the transport direction of the transport devices 8.

Now referring to the 2 and 3 the core of the invention of a bale opener 4 with a bale lifter H, on which the present application is based, is illustrated by means of a further second exemplary embodiment. show it 2 in a schematic side view a basic embodiment of the bale dissolver 4 as a mobile litter and / or feed distribution device 1 with a ball lifter H, which is fundamental in all embodiments, ie generally and not mandatory in the execution of 2 is included, the bale 5 of litter and/or feed S being shown lying in the non-raised state on the bale receiving floor 7 and, if applicable, transport devices 8 assigned to them or further transport devices 8 assigned to them, and 3 in a schematic side view of the embodiment of the bale opener 4 from the 2 with bale 5 of bedding and/or feed S raised on one side.

The bale dissolver 4 for a bale 5 of litter and/or fodder S contains output devices 6 for the latter as well as the bale receiving floor 7 and the transport devices 8 assigned to it, which are designed to remove litter and/or fodder S from a bale 5 and to the output devices 6 to transport in the transport direction T of the transport devices 8 the Bal are downstream of the receiving floor 7, with a bale lifter H also being provided, which is arranged and designed to lift a bale 5 of litter and/or fodder S lying on the bale receiving floor 7 to the output devices 6 for the latter or according to the exemplary embodiment in FIGS 2 and 3 to tip how particular the 3 clarified. This means that the bale 5 of litter and/or fodder S is pushed to the output devices 6 by itself, advantageously utilizing gravity, and can be broken up there so that the litter and/or fodder S can then be output.

The bale lifter H is driven by a lifter motor 44 and contains a plurality of cables, in particular wire cables W, which are attached near or at the output devices 6 near or on the bale receiving floor 7, from there in the transport direction T of the transport devices 8 from the Output devices 6 run away and can be raised at the end of the bale receiving floor 7 remote from the latter by means of a lifting drive 46 . Thus, by lifting the ends of the ropes, such as in particular wire ropes W, at the end of the bale receiving floor 7 that is remote from the output devices 6, it can be tilted towards the output devices 6, which is an equally simple, inexpensive and effective way of removing the bale 5 from litter and/or or fodder S is applied to the dispensing devices 6 by itself, making advantageous use of gravity, and can be broken up there so that the litter and/or fodder S can then be dispensed.

The bale lifter H preferably contains 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 ropes, in particular wire ropes W, with 3, 4 or 5 ropes, in particular wire ropes W, being particularly preferably used. The number of ropes, in particular wire ropes W, is preferably matched to the width of the bale 5 of bedding and/or forage S and/or the width of the bale receiving floor 7, so that the distance between the ropes, in particular wire ropes W, is sufficiently small to prevent the bale 5 of litter and/or fodder S from falling or tipping over to the side.

Furthermore, it can preferably be provided that the bale lifter H is part of the transport devices 8 or is integrated into the latter. To support the transport of the bale 5 of bedding and/or fodder S to the output devices 6, it can also be provided that the cables, in particular wire cables W, can be moved along their course in the direction of the output devices 6 and, in particular, drivers 14 ( compare 1 and especially the EP 3 078 260 A1 , the disclosure content of which is included here in its entirety in this regard), with which the supply of the bale 5 of litter and/or feed S to the output devices 6 can also be controlled, but this can also be controlled solely by the fact that the cables, in particular wire cables W, be raised more or less at the end of the bale receiving floor 7 which is remote from the output devices 6.

The lift drive 46 is driven by the lift motor 44 and in turn ensures that the ends of the wire ropes W, which are remote from the output devices 6, and thus the bale 5 of litter and/or fodder S, are adjusted in height so that the bale is automatically raised as required on the side facing away from the output devices 6 . For this purpose, the control 47 is supplied with inputs by means of corresponding operating parameter sensors (not shown), which are customary and known in the technical field, and uses these inputs to control the lifting motor 44 via appropriate programming. The control 47 can advantageously also control the lifting motor 44 also be designed to control the output devices 6 and transport devices 8 and possibly choppers 16 and dust extraction devices 15, since at least some of the same operating parameters are regularly used for this purpose. For the sake of completeness, however, it is pointed out that instead of or in addition to the use of the controller 47, the lift motor 44 can also be controlled manually by the operator according to the needs determined or estimated by an operator. An embodiment of the operation of the controller 47 will be discussed later with reference to FIG 6 in more detail.

According to another aspect that is also worth protecting individually, but can also be combined with all the above variants, which deals with avoiding or preventing "clumping", especially with hay from a 2nd cut, haylage and/or with damp material, a bottleneck 38 is connected upstream of the output devices 6 in relation to the conveying or transport direction T. A lower friction plate 39 and an upper friction plate 40 are assigned to this bottleneck 38 . Blades 41 preferably protrude from the lower grating plate 39 and the upper grating plate 40 into the gap 42 formed between the lower grating plate 39 and the upper grating plate 40 . Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the lower friction plate 39 and the upper friction plate 40 can each be pivoted and, in particular, are prestressed towards the intermediate space 42 by spring devices 43 . This is in the 4 and 5 illustrated by a third embodiment example.

In other words, in the aspect of the invention explained last, in order to prevent "lump formation", especially with hay from a 2nd cut, haylage and/or with moist material, and to optimally loosen up the material being conveyed, the material is advantageously conveyed through an artificial bottleneck, in which not only on the underside (possibly a sieve chain and) in particular blades 41 are located, but also on the top. These blades 41 are fastened to what are known as friction plates 39 and 40 which are mounted so as to be rotatable or pivotable. In addition, these friction plates 39 and 40 are prestressed or pressed in particular by springs 43 downwards or toward or into the space 42 formed between the two friction plates 39 and 40 . As a result, the conveyed material S is generally additionally loosened, practically combed. If lumps or slabs now pass through this bottleneck 38, they are torn apart and optimally loosened. Because the bottleneck 38 is not static but flexibly supported by the springs 43 on the friction plates 39 and 40, blockages with large lumps and plaques are avoided. This also contributes significantly to operational safety. Preferably and advantageously, not a single large friction plate is attached over the width of the sieve chain 13, if necessary, but several small friction plates 39 and 40, for example four or five. This increases the flexibility of the function and thus the quality of the conveyed material.

As already in connection with the description of the embodiment according to the 2 and 3 addressed, concerns the 6 a fourth exemplary embodiment, in particular of how the controller 47 works. In this exemplary embodiment, the controller 47 of the bale lifter H receives the current consumption of the drive motor, such as the drive electric motor 21, the opening or sieving chain or generally the transport devices 8, as an operating parameter. If this current consumption increases or decreases , the bale lifter H is moved up or back down accordingly. Alternatively or additionally, the power consumption of the drive motor, such as the drive electric motor 21, the conveyor or discharge screw 45 or generally the output devices 6 can be taken into account or included as an operating parameter relevant for the controller 47, whereby a particularly uniform ejection of the conveyed material S can be achieved can.

Furthermore, it is alternatively or additionally possible to also take into account or include the quantity of the conveyed material S via the conveying speed of the material S in a discharge screw tube 48 as an operating parameter to be taken into account for the controller 47 . For this purpose, a chain wheel 49 or the like, for example, which is driven by the conveyed material S, can be provided at a suitable point in or on the discharge screw tube 48 as a corresponding, possibly additional, operating parameter sensor.

For completeness, the illustrations in the 6 indicated that the conveying or discharge screw 45 has a screw helix 50 and a conveying or discharge channel 51 receiving it. The latter has an open conveying or discharge channel section 52, in which material S is fed from the transport devices 8 to the screw flight 50, which is arranged at least essentially in this open conveying or discharge channel section 52, and a closed conveying or discharge channel section 53, which serves to align the output of the material S and in the course of which, for example, the chain wheel 49 is arranged as an operating parameter sensor for the conveying speed of the material S as a control variable for the controller 47 of the lifting motor 44. The arrow A indicates the output direction of the material S (whereby deflection devices (not labeled) can be connected to the closed conveying or discharge channel section 53 for optimal discharge), and the arrow D indicates the associated direction of rotation of the chain wheel 49

the 7 illustrates another fifth embodiment of the bale opener 4. If the conveyed S, as in 7 is conveyed according to the discharge direction A into the open conveying or discharge channel section 52, which can also be referred to as an open screw channel, it can happen that material S gets into a gap 54 between the screw helix 50 and screw channel 52 and it thereby disturbances (clogging of the discharge screw 45) occur. In order to prevent this, a guide plate 55 is preferably mounted approximately centrally above the discharge screw 45 , on which the conveyed material S “bounces” and then falls down into the discharge screw 45 . This effect can also generally be achieved by any other correspondingly shaped screw channel entry design 56.

Another advantageous embodiment is in the 8th based on a sixth embodiment illustrated. At the transition from the open conveying or discharge channel section 52 to the closed conveying or discharge channel section 53, problems/congestion could occur at the screw channel section transition 57 in between, in particular, but not entirely finally, if a particularly large amount of material S is conveyed. Material S can jam at this worm channel section transition 57, worm helix 50 and worm channel wall 58 and disrupt the operation of the bale opener 4 or even bring it to a standstill. In order to “defuse” this point, the diameter of the screw helix 50 can be reduced from D1 to D2 at the transition from the open conveying or discharge channel section 52 to the closed conveying or discharge channel section 53, so that D2>D1 applies. Additionally or alternatively, the closed conveying or discharge channel section 53 can have a funnel shape that widens in the conveying or discharge direction A instead of a cylindrical shape. Through each of these configurations and in particular their combination, for example, too much conveyed material can relax and the discharge or conveying screw 45 can be relieved. Reducing the conveyor screw 45 / screw spiral 50 to a minimum further supports this measure and at the same time ensures a 100% filled closed screw channel.

Further preferred configurations emerge from the information in EP 3 078 260 A1 has emerged, these configurations and their individual features to the extent to be combined with the bale lifter provided according to the invention or to be integrated therein, as this is technically possible and sensible, which is readily apparent to a person skilled in the art.

The invention is only shown as an example based on the exemplary embodiments in the description and in the drawing and is not limited thereto, but includes all variations, modifications, substitutions and combinations that the person skilled in the art would recognize from the present documents, particularly within the scope of the claims and the general descriptions in the introduction from this description and the description of the exemplary embodiments and can combine it with his specialist knowledge and the state of the art. In particular, all of the individual features and design options of the invention can be combined.

Reference List

1

Mobile bedding and/or feed distribution device

2

transportation facilities

3

chassis

4

bale shredder

5

bale

6

output devices

7

bale receiving floor

8th

transport facilities

9

perforated plate

10

collection container

13

sieve chain

14

driver

15

dust extraction devices

16

chopper

21

drive electric motor

22

coupling

38

bottleneck

39

lower friction plate

40

upper friction plate

41

Sound

42

space

43

spring devices

44

jack motor

45

Auger

46

lift drive

47

Lift motor control

48

discharge screw pipe

49

Sprocket

50

worm helix

51

conveyor or discharge channel

52

open conveyor or discharge channel section

53

closed conveyor or discharge channel section

54

gap

55

baffle

56

Snail canal entrance design

57

Auger Channel Section Transition

58

snail channel wall

A

output direction

D

Direction of rotation of the sprocket

H

bale lifter

S

bedding and/or feed

T

Transport direction (arrow direction)

W

wire ropes

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• EP 3078260 A1 [0002, 0013, 0018, 0042, 0051]
• EP 3078260 [0013]

Claims (9)

Bale dissolver (4) for a bale (5) of litter and/or fodder (S), with output devices (6) for the latter and a bale receiving floor (7) and transport devices (8) assigned to it, which are designed for litter and/or fodder (S) from a bale (5) and to transport it to the output devices (6), which are located downstream of the bale receiving floor (7) in the transport direction of the transport devices (8), characterized in that a bale lifter (H) is also provided, which is arranged and designed to lift or tilt a bale (5) of litter and/or fodder S lying on the bale receiving floor (7) towards the output devices (6) for the latter. Bale shredder (4) after claim 1 , characterized in that the bale lifter (H) comprises a plurality of ropes, in particular wire ropes (W), which are fastened near or at the output devices (6) near or on the bale receiving floor (7), from there in the direction of transport of the transport devices (8) run away from the output devices (6) and can be lifted at the end of the bale receiving floor (7) remote from the latter. Bale shredder (4) after claim 2 , characterized in that the bale lifter (H) contains 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 ropes, in particular wire ropes (W), and/or that the bale lifter (H) is part of the transport device (8) or is combined therewith. Bale opener (4) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bale lifter (H) contains a lifter drive (46) and preferably a lifter motor (44), in particular an electric lifter motor (44) that operates it and is designed in such a way that at least lifting and lowering of the the end of the bale (5) facing away from the output devices (6). Bale shredder (4) after claim 4 , characterized in that a controller (47) is provided for the lift motor (44) and in operation for controlling the lift motor (44) to raise or lower the bale lifter (H) and thus the end of the bale remote from the output devices (6). (5) is designed as a function of at least one operating parameter, the value of which is taken into account at time intervals or continuously by the controller (47) by correspondingly at least one operating parameter sensor, it preferably also being provided that for the controller (47) as an operating parameter for controlling the raising or lowering of the bale lifter (H) and thus the end of the bale (5) facing away from the output devices (6), at least one of the following operating parameters is detected by means of a corresponding sensor: - Current consumption of a drive motor (21) of the transport devices (8 ), in particular a dissolving or screening chain, - Current consumption of a drive motor (21) of the output devices (6), in particular a conveyor or discharge screw (45), and/or - conveying speed of the material (S) in a discharge screw tube (48) of the output devices (6), in particular via a chain wheel (49) assigned to the discharge screw tube (48) . Bale opener (4) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bottleneck (38) is connected upstream of the output devices (6) in relation to the transport or conveying direction (T). Bale shredder (4) after claim 6 , characterized in that the bottleneck (38) is assigned a lower friction plate (39) and an upper friction plate (40), with blades (41) preferably being mounted from the lower friction plate (39) and the upper friction plate (40) in the areas between the the intermediate space (42) formed by the lower friction plate (39) and the upper friction plate (40) and furthermore preferably the lower friction plate (39) and the upper friction plate (40) can each be pivoted and in particular by spring devices (43) towards the intermediate space (42). is biased. Bale opener (4) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the output devices (6) contain a screw helix (50) which has a screw channel entry design ( 56) and in particular a corresponding guide plate (55) is connected upstream and/or which has a diameter (D2) that is smaller in at least one step or continuously in the discharge direction (A) of the material (S). Bale opener (4) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the output devices (6) contain an open conveying or discharge channel section (52) in which a screw helix (50) is arranged and for the supply of material (S) and a closed conveying or discharge channel following the open conveying or discharge channel section (52) in the discharge direction (A) of the material (S). Section (53) included, which is expanded in a funnel shape in the discharge direction (A) of the material (S).

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