DE202016102923U1 - Planting area construction - Google Patents

Abstract

Planting surface, in particular lawn construction of a sports field or roof structure of a green building roof, comprising a root substrate layer (1) for cultivating plants (2) and, arranged under the root substrate layer (1), a drainage layer (3a, 3b) for discharging excess Water from the root substrate layer (1), the drainage layer (3a, 3b) having a base structure (3a) having a plurality of upwardly open drainage channels (4) for discharging the top of the root substrate layer (1) Provides water, which are covered by a water-permeable cover sheet (3b) with a grid or fabric structure.

Description

The present invention relates to a Pflanzflächenaufbau, preferably a lawn construction of a sports field or a roof surface of a green building roof and a building roof with such Pflanzflächenaufbau according to the preambles of the independent claims.

Artificially created planting areas, which serve as freely weathered areas for the permanent cultivation of plants without artificial irrigation, require a structure which ensures that the plant roots are constantly supplied with sufficient water under normal weathering without waterlogging occurring. For this purpose, the rooting layer (root substrate layer) should be arranged on a substrate from which excess water can easily flow away, e.g. on a thick layer of sand or gravel.

In particular, in planting areas, which are created on roof surfaces, there is the problem that it must be ensured that the water can drain without material enters the water drains and clogged them.

To address this problem, it is known to arrange a drainage path under the root substrate layer and any underlying water-permeable intermediate layer which is protected by a geotextile (fleece) from penetration of material from the root substrate layer and / or the intermediate layer. Such drainage paths are e.g. sold by the company Soprema under the product name "Sopradrain".

With such a plant surface structure can create green roofs, which reliably prevent clogging of the roof water drains. However, it has been shown that after a few years, the drainage capacity is increasingly lost, which leads to waterlogging in the root area and then requires a refurbishment.

It is therefore an object to provide a Pflanzflächenaufbau available that does not have the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art or at least partially avoids.

This object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1.

According to this, a first aspect of the invention relates to a planting surface construction with a root substrate layer for cultivating plants and with a drainage layer arranged below the root substrate layer for removing excess water from the root substrate layer. The root substrate layer consists, for example, of cultivated soil, i. from a mixture of clay, silt, sand and humorous parts. But it can also only from a floor skeleton, e.g. made of sand.

The drainage layer comprises a base structure which provides a plurality of upwardly open drainage channels for draining the water flowing from the top of the root substrate layer. The drainage channels of the basic structure are covered by a water-permeable cover sheet.

The basic structure can be formed by a wide variety of planar bodies, e.g. from a dimpled sheet, a grid mat or a gridiron. Importantly, it is capable of providing drainage channels under the compressive stress of the layers of material on top of it, over which the incoming water can be diverted to the sides and / or to a drainage system underlying the foundation, e.g. in an underlying drainage gravel or split layer of a roof drainage.

The water-permeable cover sheet has a grid or fabric structure, preferably with an opening width of the grid or fabric openings between 0.3 mm and 3 mm, more preferably between 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm. It is advantageously a geogrid or ribbon fabric made of plastic and is preferably capillary breaking, i. it advantageously does not allow water transport via capillary forces. Suitable cover sheets are e.g. commercially available under the name "LoHa filter fabric".

With the plant surface construction according to the invention, green roofs can be created which reliably prevent blockage of the roof water drains and do not lose their drainage capacity even after many years.

Preferably, the water-permeable cover sheet is connected in the region of the upper side of the basic structure with regions of the basic structure, which delimit the drainage channels, to form a coherent drainage sheet, advantageously welded or glued. As a result, it can largely be prevented that it is pressed into the drainage channels under the load of the material layers lying on it, thereby reducing or even closing them. In addition, this simplifies the preparation of the drainage layer, since it can be created by applying such a drainage path in one step.

In a preferred embodiment of the planting surface structure, a fleece is arranged under the drainage layer as a mechanical protective layer, preferably directly adjacent to the drainage layer. If this fleece is connected to the basic structure of the drainage layer, then there is the advantage that the application of the fleece and the basic structure can take place in one work step.

In a further preferred embodiment of the planting surface structure, the root substrate layer is arranged directly on the water-permeable cover sheet of the drainage layer. This results in the advantage that low construction heights are possible, with correspondingly low weight per square meter.

In particular, in this latter embodiment, it is advantageous if the root substrate layer is interspersed by a superabsorber or is formed by a layer of a foam or fiber material interspersed with a superabsorber or comprises such a layer. Suitable materials are for example CH 707 172 A1 known. In this way, the storage capacity for water can be significantly increased, which is very desirable for low layer thicknesses.

In another preferred embodiment of the planting surface structure, a water-permeable intermediate layer is disposed between the root substrate layer and the water-permeable cover sheet of the drainage layer, preferably from gravel. Such a layer can serve as a filter layer, which prevents flooding of fines from the root substrate layer, and can additionally serve for water storage.

Depending on whether rather a low construction height is desired with a correspondingly low weight per square meter or rather a high water storage capacity, one or the other of these two embodiments is more advantageous.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a green building roof with a planting surface structure according to the first aspect of the invention. In such embodiments, the advantages of the invention are particularly evident. In this case, a protective layer is present between the roof seal and the drainage layer, preferably of a fleece or a rubber mat, which protects the roof seal from damage.

In a method for producing a planting surface structure according to the first aspect of the invention, a drainage path having a base structure having a plurality of upwardly open drainage channels covered by a water-permeable cover sheet having a grid or fabric structure is used as a drainage layer for discharging excess Water is placed under a root substrate layer. Examples of suitable basic structures and cover sheets as well as their relevant properties have been previously explained in the first aspect of the invention.

This provides a planting structure according to the first aspect of the invention, with the advantages mentioned above.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the following description with reference to FIGS. Showing:

1 a vertical section through part of an inventive Pflanzflächenaufbaus in the form of a roof green area; and

2 the detail X out 1 ,

As you can see, the top of the roof is from a planting 2 formed, which in a vegetation layer 1 from cultivated soil (claimant root-substrate layer). Under the vegetation layer 1 there is an intermediate layer 5 from gravel, which serves as a filter and water storage layer. Under the interlayer 5 there is a drainage layer 3a . 3b for removing excess water from the vegetation layer 1 and the intermediate layer 5 , This drainage layer 3a . 4b is formed by a dimpled sheet 3a made of plastic (as required basic structure), which on its upwardly pointing pimple side with a geogrid 3b made of plastic (claimed cover sheet) is laminated. The dimpled sheet 3a lies with her bottom on a rubber mat 7 on which as a protective layer for the underlying roof seal 6 made of bituminous sheets. The bituminous membranes are on the building ceiling 8th glued from concrete.

The present invention relates to a planting surface construction, e.g. a lawn area of a sports field or a roof surface of a green building roof.

The planting surface construction comprises a root substrate layer ( 1 ) for cultivating plants ( 2 ) and, arranged under the root substrate layer ( 1 ), a drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) for removing excess water from the root substrate layer ( 1 ). In this case, the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) a basic structure ( 3a ) having a plurality of upwardly open drainage channels ( 4 ) for deriving from above the root substrate Layer ( 1 ), which flows from a water-permeable cover sheet ( 3b ) are covered with a grid or fabric structure.

With the plant surface construction according to the invention, green roofs can be created which reliably prevent blockage of the roof water drains and do not lose their drainage capacity even after many years.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• CH 707172 A1 [0016]

Claims (9)

Planting surface structure, in particular lawn structure of a sports field or roof surface structure of a green building roof, comprising a root substrate layer ( 1 ) for cultivating plants ( 2 ) and, arranged under the root substrate layer ( 1 ), a drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) for removing excess water from the root substrate layer ( 1 ), wherein the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) a basic structure ( 3a ) having a plurality of upwardly open drainage channels ( 4 ) for deriving from above the root substrate layer ( 1 ), which flows from a water-permeable cover sheet ( 3b ) are covered with a grid or fabric structure. Planting surface structure according to claim 1, wherein the opening width of the grid or fabric openings of the water-permeable cover sheet ( 3b ) is in the range between 0.3 mm and 3 mm, in particular in the range between 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm. Planting surface structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water-permeable cover sheet ( 3b ) in the region of the upper side of the basic structure ( 3a ) with areas of the basic structure ( 3a ), which drainage channels ( 4 ), is connected, in particular welded or glued. Planting surface structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the basic structure of the drainage layer of a dimpled sheet ( 3a ), in particular with a nub height between 5 mm and 35 mm, and in particular, wherein the dimpled sheet ( 3a ) on its knob side with the cover sheet ( 3b ) is laminated. Planting surface structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein below the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) a layer of a fleece is arranged, in particular directly adjacent to the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ), and in particular, wherein the nonwoven fabric is bonded to the basic structure of the drainage layer. Planting surface structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the root substrate layer ( 1 ) directly on the water-permeable cover sheet ( 3b ) the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) is arranged. Planting surface structure according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein between the root substrate layer ( 1 ) and the water-permeable cover sheet ( 3b ) the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) a water-permeable intermediate layer ( 5 ) is arranged, in particular gravel gravel. Planting surface structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the root substrate layer is interspersed with a superabsorbent or is formed by a layer of a foam or fiber material interspersed with a superabsorber or comprises such a layer. Building roof with a planting surface structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein below the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) a roof seal ( 6 ) and between the roof seal ( 6 ) and the drainage layer ( 3a . 3b ) a protective layer ( 7 ), in particular of a fleece or a rubber mat ( 7 ).

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