DE19903628B4 - Sitting and / or lying furniture - Google Patents

Abstract

A piece of seating and / or reclining furniture with devices for influencing the blood circulation of a user, in particular a driver or a passenger or passenger, which is designed to accommodate the user in a sitting or lying position, has a basic structure and has at least three of the following devices a) to h): a) devices (01, 02) which exert a suction and / or compression effect in the area of the baroreceptors of the neck, b) devices (A1, A2) which act in the area of the upper edge the shoulder blades can be applied in order to exert respective forces on the user, which are directed parallel to the spine in the direction of the pelvis, c) devices (A3, A4) at the level of the shoulder blades to alternate them in both directions by an at least substantially perpendicular to rotate towards the plane of the respective shoulder blade, d) one around the rib cage between the sixth and twelfth rib n device (B1, B2) for rotating and / or holding the torso around the spine in both directions, e) device in the area of the hips (C1, C2) for rotating the hips around the spine in both directions to rotate and / or hold, f) for each thigh one device (D1, D2) acting around the thigh in order to cause rotation of the respective thigh in both directions about its longitudinal axis and / or to hold it, g) for each Lower legs each have a device (E1, E2) acting around them in the region of the ankle in order to cause rotation of the respective ankle in both directions about the longitudinal axis of the respective lower leg and / or to hold it, h) a foot support (F), which is movable between a position perpendicular to the user's lower legs and a position tilted towards the user's head, and an actuation development for actuating the existing devices a) to h) in a predetermined cycle.

Description

The present invention relates to a seat and / or reclining furniture with means for influencing the blood circulation of a user, in particular a driver or a passenger or passenger, wherein the piece of furniture is designed to accommodate the user in a sitting or lying posture and has a basic structure ,

A piece of furniture of this kind is for example from the German Patent Application P 44 31 586.4 known. It is in this piece of furniture to the driver's seat of a motor vehicle, arranged in the back area left and right of the position of the spine devices that exert targeted forces at least some steering movements of the motor vehicle on the back of the driver.

The medical background to such a car seat can be explained as follows.

When driving a motor vehicle, the driver learns about his eyes, even if he is not aware of its environment as a source of danger. In particular, when steering maneuvers, the eyes must be relatively fast, especially at high speed, adjust to the rapidly changing their own location. In these complexes referred to as nystagmus act both on sympathicotonic responsive beta receptors (norepinephrine receptors), which are known as stimulators in the cones and rods of the eye, as well as responsive to analgesic inhibitory stimuli endorphin receptors, which act as inhibitors in These cells are also active. The pain-killing and pain-relieving system of humans is heavily involved in these reactions.

All this means that driver and passenger, characterized by the phylogenetic evolution of humanity in a fight and escape response with increased alertness - by increased adrenergic distribution - is.

In nature, such a release would increase the physical activity of the affected person, such as running away or fighting. However, such physical activities are not given when driving with a motor vehicle and this has an effect in the human body on a progressive imbalance between inhibitors and stimulators. The consequences of this are either over-excited or pre-depressed (exhaustion).

In more detail, the medical background is as follows:
The optic nerve maintains connections to the pineal organ (epiphysis), which synthesizes and releases the hormone melatonin depending on the individual subjective light-dark perception. This hormone is of great importance for the regeneration of the human organism as a whole. Therefore, the pineal organ maintains connections to the uppermost cervical ganglion (sympathetic chain) and to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus in the interbrain for the purpose of varying or modulating the circadian rhythm of the clocks for the sleep / wake and temperature periodic. The closed-loop system also controls, in accordance with environmental stimuli, the hypothalamic-dependent pulsatile rhythmicity of a number of neuromodulators, including somatostatin (SOM), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), cortisol releasing hormone (CRH) and the neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine and acetylcholine.

The hypothalamus, in turn, maintains another connection to the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) in the extended spinal cord (medulla oblongata) and thus to the parasympathetic nervous system, thereby incorporating other general regeneration and relaxation functions in the regulation and modulation of central rhythms. In addition to these regulations, feedback loops, especially from the baroreceptors in the carotid sinus (bifurcation of the internal carotid artery) and in the arch of the main artery of the body (aorta), as well as from the potassium concentration receptors in the blood vessels of the skeletal muscles, also act from the periphery of the body. Judging from the results of the experiments conducted by the inventor in two groups on more than 60 subjects with a total of over 1000 hours of trial time, it can be assumed that acceleration moments (transverse and longitudinal accelerations in moving vehicles) in turn an influence on said central control circuits Suppressing the feedback moments from the periphery of the body of the driver. Again, it can be assumed that an effect of reduced magnitude is also produced by passive drivers.

The application P 44 31 586.4 underlying idea is that by conscious stimulation of certain muscle parts of this imbalance can be prevented, so that the hereby incoming phenomena and health damage due to strained and insufficiently perfused muscles are avoided.

In particular, the local invention, the dissociation ability of the brain and thus the ability in crisis situations on the street to synchronize itself, reinforced. Intended by the local invention, it is also in this way to reduce the accident frequency. This procedure is intended to simultaneously achieve a nervous, a muscular and a blood circulation stabilization of the overall condition. The stress during driving and the well-being after a ride should be reduced or improved.

In another patent application of the same applicant, the DE 197 34 918.8 , Describes a method of diagnosing which allows subjects to experience stress and / or whether devices or workplaces are ergonomically designed. It uses the terms equipment and workplace in the broadest sense. For example, these could be chairs or seats, screens of media equipment, or the workplace of a dentist, a surgeon, or the pulpit of an airplane, ie, the pilot's workspace, or the cab of a truck.

In the investigations carried out by the notifying parties on a large number of subjects, the correctness of the data in the German Patent Application 197 34 918.8 confirmed diagnostic procedure.

The extensive investigations carried out in connection with the diagnostic procedure have shown that passive drivers (passengers and other passengers) in cars, trucks, airplanes and trains experience a destabilization of the blood circulation in accordance with the passive longitudinal and lateral acceleration of the corresponding vehicle.

In the DE 198 38 242 A1 is a convertible to a bed seat, in particular for aircraft, described, which consists of a headrest provided with a backrest, a seat and a hinged under the seat footrest, the seat can be moved by motor from the sitting position in the lying position.

The 691 13 045 T2 also describes a passenger seat equipped with a footrest, wherein the footrest with respect to the seat, an inner extensible support member which serves to support the back of the legs of a person on the chair, and an outer support member for setting up the feet having. The support elements are hinged together to allow a folded position when not in use.

In the DE 37 13 370 C2 is described a vehicle equipped with a massage device vehicle seat, wherein the massage device is installed, for example, in the back of the seat at a location where the part to be massaged of a person sitting on the seat, for example, the cross. The massage device generates a vibration. The massage can be performed at any time if required, especially during the journey.

The DE 197 44 074 A1 describes a massage chair with a seat part and a backrest part. A first pair of right and left massage heads and a second pair of right and left massage heads arranged below those of the first pair are disposed inside the back part. By means of a drive device it is achieved that the first and the second pair of massage heads alternately perform a first mode of operation such that the left massage head of the first pair and the right massage head of the second pair are operated synchronously, and execute a second mode of operation such that the right one Massage head of the first pair and the left massage head of the second pair are operated synchronously. Thus, a user's body portion located between the first and second pair of massage heads is massaged in a transversely distorted manner.

The DE 41 31 632 A1 describes a motorized massage device with variable speed control, which is installed in the backrest of a seat, which is ensured by a control device that the massage does not exceed a predetermined intensity.

In the DE 297 07 595 U1 a piece of furniture is described, for example a chair with a massage unit integrated in the backrest, which contains a massaging head which can be moved by a drive motor and which is driven by the drive motor via a toothed belt.

The DE 94 16 735 U1 describes a vehicle seat having a massage system integrated into the seat that operates on the basis of emitted vibrations.

The 198 08 950 A1 describes a massage device with a massage unit, which is movable along the height direction of a user on the back of the user. The massage unit is movable by means of a drive unit along the height direction of the user and controllable by means of a control unit, wherein the control unit contains a memory part for storing position data for massage-effective bodies as specific position data.

The DE 197 43 902 A1 describes a relaxation device integrated in an armchair. The relaxation device contains a vibration device, by means of which the entire armchair or the body of a person on it can be excited to oscillate at a predetermined frequency.

The DE 297 17 785 U1 describes a seat for a transport with a provided in the region of a neck support massage device having a plurality of electric motor driven massage heads in the form of oscillating heads.

From the DE 297 17 785 U1 a furniture with a movable massage head is known, which rests against at least one along the direction of travel guide belt.

In the DE 94 12 149 U1 a modular pad assembly is described which is composed of elongated plate members having recess portions in which magnetic vibration straps can be received.

The invention has for its object to provide a piece of furniture with which it is possible to restore the original stability of the circulation of the respective persons after prolonged trips.

This object is achieved with a seat and / or reclining furniture according to claim 1.

The furniture according to the invention contains at least three of the devices described in claim 1, all of which are operable in a predetermined cycle.

With the invention, by means of a sophisticated system of massage effects at several points of the body, it is achieved that a person using the furniture according to the invention finds their internal circulatory equilibrium again by compensating deviations of their orthostasis from the original, rested state. The furniture according to the invention can be used not only for regenerating after long journeys in driving breaks directly in the vehicle, but is quite generally suitable for the regeneration of people exposed to stress.

The seat and / or reclining furniture according to the invention can be realized as a vehicle seat with a backrest and a seat part, wherein the backrest relative to the seat part is tilted back into a reclining position. It is particularly favorable if a piece of furniture of this type has in the front region of the seat part an upwardly displaceable or forwardly displaceable support device for the lower legs of a person in the seat, for example in the form of a support plate hinged or guided on the seat part or seat frame. In addition, a footrest may advantageously be provided at the end remote from the seat part of the support means or plate. Such a realization of a vehicle seat can be provided with advantage for the driver or passenger of a car and can in the form of a refinement of the driver's seat according to the aforementioned German patent application DE 44 31 586 will be realized. The seat is then taken in cars and trucks usually in the short breaks of 5-15 minutes at service areas in operation. Installed in airplanes and railcars, the seat can also be used during the flight or during the train journey. Particularly preferred weather patterns of such vehicle seats emerge from the subclaims 19 to 32.

In a further embodiment, the furniture according to the invention is characterized in that it is realized as a massage table. Such a massage table preferably has a joint in the middle, whereby a lying on the table, lying person can be bent in the pelvic region. The table is preferably tilted as a whole about the hinge axis, so that the head of a person lying on the table down and their feet can be brought up or vice versa. The tilt angle to the horizontal may be a maximum amount of up to about ± 15 °, preferably up to about ± 60 °, and in particular up to ± 90 °. It is particularly advantageous if the tilt angle is variable in each case in increments of about 15 °.

Such a piece of furniture, d. H. in the form of a massage table, it is suitable for use in hotels and rest areas on the road at home and abroad, where business people and tourists are looking for regeneration from the journey.

Particularly preferred embodiments of the massage table can be found in the dependent claims 10 to 18.

The respective user can determine for himself which of the proposed options work best for him or are perceived as pleasant and are therefore to be used. This also applies to the question of whether he uses the massage or the treatment with the backrest upright or lying down and with or without unfolded or extended support plate or foot plate. The same or corresponding questions may ask the user in the piece of furniture in the form of the massage table, ie whether the table in an elongated form or in an inclined form or with his head down or up or in an arcuate stretched form or in would like to use angled shape, in the latter case, the user can also determine the angular position of the massage table for themselves. This also applies to the inclined positions of the massage table.

As stated above, the invention aims to stabilize the circulation of a person who has experienced a distension of the circulatory system due to the accelerations experienced during a journey.

For the purpose of restoring the sensitivity of the baroreceptors of the neck and the aorta to the bandwidth of the circulatory circulation prior to the acceleration experienced, it is important to counteract the effects of this acceleration on those muscular parts which, due to the transport in the vehicle, are seated, lying or even standing quiet and inactive.

• – die Barorezeptoren des Halses – die Halsschlagadern werden entsprechend dem Kopfnicken durch Druck- und Saugeinwirkung auf die Sternocleidomastoiden bearbeitet;
• – die Muskeln des Schultergürtels mit einer besonderen Betonung auf die großen und die kleinen Brustmuskeln;
• – die funktionelle Schnittstelle des Trapezmuskels mit dem großen Rükkenmuskel (Latissimus Dorsi)
• – die funktionelle Schnittstelle der Wadenmuskeln mit den Schollenmuskeln in den Beinen; und
• – die entsprechende funktionelle Schnittstelle der entsprechenden, für die Pronation und Supernation der Hände in den Armen verantwortlichen Muskeln.

In the main, five parts of the human body are processed by pressure / suction or by tilting and rotating movements, namely:

• - the baroreceptors of the neck - the carotid arteries are operated according to nodding by pressure and suction on the sternocleidomastoid;
• - the muscles of the shoulder girdle with a special emphasis on the big and small pectoral muscles;
• - the functional interface of the trapezius muscle with the large back muscle (latissimus dorsi)
• - the functional interface of the calf muscles with the sole muscles in the legs; and
• - the corresponding functional interface of the corresponding muscles responsible for the pronation and supernatation of the hands in the arms.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to two practical embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which:

1 a perspective view of a massage table according to the invention,

2 a schematic representation of two adjustment of the massage table of 1 seen in the direction of arrow II,

3 further adjustment possibilities of the massage table the 1 .

4 the effect of facilities A1 and A1 of 1 , in the head tilted down position of the massage table,

5 a schematic representation of two Gurtbewegungsmöglichkeiten the straps of the massage after 1 .

6 a schematic representation of an alternative belt guide to the 5 , as in 1 indicated,

7 a perspective view of two so-called pilots for the treatment of baroreceptors on the neck of a subject,

8th a schematic representation of the position of the baroreceptors on the neck of a subject with attached pilots,

9 a perspective view of a piece of furniture according to the invention or a treatment device according to the invention in the form of a car seat,

10 an enlarged view of the device A1 and A2 of 1 and 9 embodiment,

11 a variant of the treatment facilities A4 (also representative of A3) of the embodiment according to the invention 9 .

12 a cross-section through the embodiment of the 11 according to the sectional plane XII-XII, and

13A to C curves to explain the driving of the mobile devices of the treatment facilities.

The perspective view of a massage table 10 according to 1 Above all, it serves to re-adjust the sensitivity of the baroreceptors of the neck and the aorta. The user, ie the regeneration seeker, lies down on the massage table and straps on preferably five points A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2 and E1, E2 according to the drawing. The feet of the user touch the foot plate F and are not tied to the plate. The user's arms and head can move freely.

The massage table 10 preferably consists of an upper body part 12 and a lower body part 14 , which face each other about a hinge axis 16 are articulated. Due to this hinge-like articulation, the table can first in the dashed position according to 2 be brought, with the part being 14 in the horizontal direction and the part 12 extend in the vertical direction. In this position, the user can adjust relatively easily on the massage table. In this position, the person on the table is bent in the pelvic area. The table can then be moved to the position according to the solid lines in the lower half of the 2 brought and then stretched, so that the position according to 1 results.

In addition, in a particularly preferred embodiment, the possibility of the lying surface of the massage table to a semicircular bridge according to the upper half of 2 to span, wherein the length of the bridge πr the length L of the table corresponds in the extended state, where r is the radius of the semicircle.

It is also preferably possible, the massage table in the extended state by the joint through the 16 defined joint axis 17 to pivot in both directions, as in 3 indicated.

The massage table should preferably according to the representation of 3 can be tilted in both directions by 90 ° from the horizontal position about the hinge axis, ie on the one hand in the direction of the arrow 18 , where the lying surface 11 of the massage table can be brought into various tilted positions, such as shown by dashed lines, up to a maximum tilt angle downwards of 90 °, where the user's head is up and his feet down.

Advantageously, an arrangement in which the lying surface of the table in partial steps of each about 15 ° is movable and can be locked in any tilted position. In addition, the bed can be from the horizontal position according to 3 again by a maximum of 90 ° in the direction of the arrow 20 tilt downwards according to the dashed lines, causing the user's head to be down and the user's feet to be up. The corresponding position of the left half of the massage table is with 12 ' marked, the maximum tilt position corresponding to the direction of the arrow 18 is by the reference numeral 14 indicated for the right half of the massage table, with the two places that with 12 ' and 14 ' are each indicated, actually coincide. For the sake of illustration only, they are shown at a small angle apart.

Also, the tilting movement of the massage table in the direction of the arrow 20 Preferably takes place in increments of about 15 ° about the hinge axis 17 , wherein the massage table can be locked in this tilting direction in any intermediate position.

Of all these adjustment possibilities of the massage table is the possibility of tilting according to 3 most importantly. The possibility of the orthogonal position of the lying surface of the massage table according to the dashed lines in 2 serves only as an entry aid. The V-shaped position of the massage table according to the solid lines in 2 can be used as a massage treatment, but provides mainly a reasonable possibility of transition to the horizontal position with the stretched lying surface according to 1 which is also achievable by the fact that only the back part 12 the lying surface from the vertical position according to 2 is tilted in the horizontal position counterclockwise. The semicircular bridge shape according to the upper half of 2 represents a particular embodiment that may be useful to certain individuals.

In the simplest embodiment, it is therefore sufficient to provide only one massage table with a continuous, at least substantially non-deformable and non-articulated table top. A simple improvement of the massage table is that it corresponds to different tilt positions 3 about a tilt axis corresponding to the hinge axis 17 can be brought.

The other movement variants of the table according to 2 are intended for particular embodiments of the massage table, although advantageous, but not mandatory.

The devices O1, O2 and A1, A2 to F are explained in more detail below with reference to the other figures.

O1 and O2 represent two so-called pilots, which are placed in the area of the baroreceptors of the neck of the user, as in 7 shown schematically. The pilots O1, O2 are connected by means of appropriate hoses to a vacuum or overpressure source 22 attached and have respective membranes 24 and 26 on that from the pressure source 22 , which can be realized as a piston pump with a corresponding motor, optionally with a suction pressure or a compression pressure of up to 30 mm Hg over or under pressure can be charged. Preferably, the membranes become 24 . 26 alternately loaded with suction and compression pressure, both pilots are charged simultaneously with Saugdruck- or compression pressure. The change of suction pressure in compression and back takes place in accordance with a basic cycle of about 20 seconds and can be controlled by the user, depending on the sensation in both the height and in the length of the basic cycle, for example via a corresponding remote control.

The facilities A1 and A2 may take the form of out of the lying surface of the massage table extendable, at least substantially rigid, C-shaped elements 24 which are preferably padded on the user facing surfaces to make the application comfortable for the user. An example of such elements is in 10 shown in which it can be seen that the elements by three rollers 26 . 28 and 30 be guided while a piston-cylinder arrangement 32 on the massage table at 34 and on the C-shaped element 24 at 36 hinged, for the retraction and extension of the C-shaped element 24 ensures, between a retracted position according to the dashed lines in 10 and an extended position according to the solid lines in 10 , As an alternative to the application of a piston-cylinder arrangement for the retraction and extension of the C-shaped element 24 For example, the roller could 26 be provided with a drive and could also be formed as a gear, which with a corresponding, toothed surface of the C-shaped element 24 combs. Also, all other thread drive types would come in connection, for example, a spindle drive with electric motor (not shown).

The double arrow G in 10 moreover shows that the entire assembly in the longitudinal direction of the massage table, ie parallel to the spine of the user, by about 1 cm forward and about 2 cm backward movable, this movement is alternately feasible for the devices A1 and A2 , also here with a basic clock of about 10 seconds. The mechanism for performing the adjustment in the direction of the Dopppfelpfeils GG is in 9 not shown, but can be chosen at will, including any standard drives are used, such as a piston-cylinder arrangement, a spindle drive, etc.

Also, instead of the movement in the direction of the double arrow GG could be the C-shaped elements 24 be provided with an inflatable padding or a cushion on her, the shoulders of the user facing flank, which is inflated as a rule about half full and then further inflated or deflated to simulate a movement corresponding to the double arrow GG

The device B1, B2 is a belt that is folded around the rib cage in the area between the sixth rib to the twelfth rib. The strap assembly is off 5 seen. As shown there, the belt points 36 two ends 38 . 40 on, which can be fastened together, for example, by wearing the respective parts of a hook and loop fastener. Also, any buckle could be provided here. The only requirement is that a close, but comfortable adjustment to the torso of the user eirmöglicht. The belt 36 runs over two rotatable pulleys 42 . 44 , A means is provided for reciprocating the belt according to the double arrow H. This device 46 may for example consist of a piston-cylinder assembly which is fixed to the massage table, or it could also be formed by a drive roller pair such as 48, as shown in dashed lines. When using a drive roller pair 48 For example, the belt may be formed as a toothed belt to prevent slippage between the drive roller pair and the belt, the teeth usually being provided on only one side of the belt and the second drive wheel merely serving to secure the mesh with the first toothed drive wheel.

In this embodiment, the drive can stand still. In this case, the belt stops 36 only the torso of the user. However, the drive can also be put into operation for reciprocation H in order to effect a rotation of the torso of the user approximately about the axis of the spine. Should only be intended holding the body, can on a drive and also on the pulleys 42 . 44 be waived. The strap can then be attached directly to the massage table. In this case, it is better to use two separate strap parts which are attached to the lying surface of the massage table on the left and right of the user's torso.

Instead of the belt around the two pulleys 42 and 44 lead, which are arranged in places, which - as in 5 shown - the width of the torso correspond, the belt can also - as in 1 shown around the side edges of the massage table, which should be rounded to allow movement of the belt. The belt 36 in this case - as in 6 shown - even under loops 50 . 52 Run in places on the top of the massage table 10 are arranged, which correspond to the width of the torso, with both the side edges of the massage table as well as the loops with rollers 42 . 44 respectively. 54 . 56 can be provided to prevent friction or to allow the rotational movement corresponding to the pair of rollers.

The device C1, C2 is a device according to the device 5 respectively. 6 equivalent. It is therefore not necessary to discuss this device in detail. Instead, all that applies to the institution according to the 5 and 6 has been said, just as for the device C1, C2.

The same basically applies to the devices D1, D2 and E1, E2, only here runs each strap around the one thigh or lower leg, so that the length of the belt and the arrangement the pulleys are to be selected accordingly. Also applies to the devices D1, D2, E1 and E2 what, according to the belt assembly 5 respectively. 6 was said. However, it is only necessary here, when the belt is guided around the edge of the massage table, to guide the belt at a suitable point through the massage table and optionally via a deflection roller (not shown) in these devices.

The device F is either a stationary base plate or - as in 1 shown - to a footrest, by means of a corresponding drive - here in the form of a rotatable cam 54 shown - by about 15 ° from the vertical to the massage table out, ie at an angle of 75 ° to the massage table, tilted. This movement also normally takes place every 10 seconds and can be switched on or off by the user via a remote control. It is also possible to vary the 10-second cycle.

Not shown in detail, but only in 5 by the reference numeral 80 indicated, but according to the further embodiment according to 9 Inflatable cushions are provided behind the back of the user to the left and right of the spine, which normally have an approximately half full setting, ie both are at the same time half full (1 cm fullness = 200 mbar). These pads may then be alternately inflated or partially evacuated to apply alternating pressure to the left and right sides of the user's back. This alternating left-right pumping up movement also normally takes place in a basic cycle of 20 seconds.

Again, the stroke of the pump for the inflation movement can be varied - usually in the range of 12-28 seconds. The clock of this pump can also be controlled by the user. The control of the pump and therefore the pillow 80 will be later on the basis of 13A to C explained in more detail.

In all of these devices, the controller may be controlled by a supervisor or by a preprogrammed computer rather than by the user.

• 1. die Liege kann um 90° in beide Richtungen gekippt werden, damit entweder der Kopf zum Boden neigt oder die Füße;
• 2. die Liegefläche kann zur Brücke im Halbkreis gespannt werden, wie in 2 gezeigt;
• 3. alternativ hierzu kann die Liegefläche des Massagetisches in die andere Richtung wie ein Scharnier zusammengeklappt werden, so daß der Benutzer im Becken gebeugt wird;
• 4. beim Kippen des Kopfes zum Boden wird abwechselnd im 10-Sekunden-Takt die linke Schulter A2 bis 15° entgegen der Schulterpartie A1 maximal gehoben und um maximal 1 cm nach vorne gedrückt, während A1 nach hinten um 2 cm in die Lehne gezogen wird;
• 5. gleichzeitig wird die Lehne in der Höhe von B1/B2 des Brustkorbs ab der sechsten Rippe bis zur zwölften Rippe abwechselnd von der entgegengesetzten Seite zu A1/A2 um jeweils 2 cm aufgepumpt bzw. eingezogen; es handelt sich hier um die aufblasbaren Kissen 80 des Massagetisches, die oben bereits erwähnt wurden;
• 6. D1 und D2 werden im 10-Sekunden-Takt nach innen gedreht;
• 7. E1 und E2 werden im 10-Sekunden-Takt nach außen gedreht;
• 8. F wird zur Senkrechten und dann um 15° aus der Senkrechten zur Liegefläche 11 gekippt, auch hier im 10-Sekunden-Takt;
• 9. der Kippwinkel der Liegefläche 11, d. h. des Massagetisches, aus der Horizontalen bis zur Senkrechten kann in Schritten von jeweils 15° gesteigert werden, d. h. von 15° zu 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°; dies stellt der Benutzer im Einklang mit seinem Gefühl selbst ein;
• 10. in ähnlicher Weise kann der Benutzer den 10-Sekunden-Takt von allen Einrichtungen schrittweise auf 11, 12, 13, 14 Sekunden erhöhen oder auf 9, 8, 7, 6 Sekunden reduzieren;
• 11. die aufblasbaren Kissen 80 im Rücken werden entsprechend leicht aus der Halbvolleinstellung (d. h. beide gleichzeitig halbvoll) bewegt; wie oben erwähnt wird die Links-Rechts-Aufpumpbewegung moduliert, wie im Zusammenhang mit den 13A bis C näher erläutert wird;
• 12. die Gesamtdauer einer solchen Massage beträgt 15–30 Minuten.

For this embodiment, the following can be said:

• 1. the couch can be tilted 90 ° in both directions, so that either the head tends to the ground or the feet;
• 2. the lying surface can be stretched to the bridge in a semicircle, as in 2 shown;
• 3. Alternatively, the lying surface of the massage table can be folded in the other direction like a hinge, so that the user is bent in the pelvis;
• 4. when tilting the head to the ground, the left shoulder A2 to 15 ° against the shoulder portion A1 is lifted up to a maximum of 10 cm alternately every 10 seconds and pushed for a maximum of 1 cm forward, while A1 is pulled backwards by 2 cm in the back ;
• 5. at the same time, the backrest at the level of B1 / B2 of the rib cage from the sixth rib to the twelfth rib is alternately inflated or retracted by 2 cm from the opposite side to A1 / A2; These are the inflatable cushions 80 the massage table already mentioned above;
• 6. D1 and D2 are turned in every 10 seconds;
• 7. E1 and E2 are turned out every 10 seconds;
• 8. F becomes the vertical and then 15 ° from the vertical to the lying surface 11 tilted, again here every 10 seconds;
• 9. the tilt angle of the lying surface 11 , ie the massage table, from the horizontal to the vertical can be increased in increments of 15 °, ie from 15 ° to 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 °, 90 °; this is set by the user in accordance with his own feelings;
• 10. Similarly, the user may incrementally increase the 10 second clock of all devices to 11, 12, 13, 14 seconds, or reduce it to 9, 8, 7, 6 seconds;
• 11. the inflatable cushions 80 in the back are accordingly easily moved from the half full setting (ie both at the same time half full); As mentioned above, the left-right inflation movement is modulated as in connection with FIGS 13A to C is explained in more detail;
• 12. The total duration of such massage is 15-30 minutes.

A car seat according to the present invention is shown in perspective in FIG 10 shown. Here, in a basic version, initially only the devices A1, A2, A3 and A4 are provided, the devices A1 and A2 having the same design as the devices A1 and A2 of the massage table, as previously described in connection with FIG 10 described.

The facilities A3 and A4 may be the facilities located in the German Patent Application P 44 31 586.4 are described. Alternatively, it can be inflatable cushions 80 act - as in the 11 and 12 shown in this case, according to the arrows shown to move the upper body of the user in the back area.

As in the 11 and 12 shown by the device A4, can by alternately inflating and by partial emptying of in the backrest 18 built-in pillow 82 , which are provided with a padding, movements are generated in the direction of the double arrow J. You can see that the inflatable cushion 82 a slightly filled condition 83 and can be pumped further until it reaches full condition 84 reached. By partial emptying of the pillow 82 you reach the state 83 again.

This pumping and emptying process also takes place in accordance with the selected basic cycle from 12 to about 28 seconds.

Overall, the effect of the devices A1, A2, A3 and A4 is as follows:
A1, A2 are complemented by outward or inward to the spine or center of the seat back sliding pad in the amount of the shoulders (shoulder blades). These upholstery A3, A4 come out like small pillows about 1-2 cm from the back when they are in action. While driving, they are not in action.

The sense of shifting the upholstery A1 and A2 at shoulder level, such as gentle hands on the shoulders down, is to keep the shoulders down, while the shoulder blades are moved slightly outwardly and inwardly through the pads A3 and A4. This exerts an appeal on the pectoralis muscles, large and small, as well as all of the muscles on the scapula, such as the serratus anterior, the lower trapezius, the mid-trapezius, the superior trapezius, the pectoralis minor, the pectoralis major, the subscapularis , the Teres Major, the Teres Minor, the Infraspinatus, as well as the so-called Romboids and the Levator Scapulae.

To support the lower legs of the user, the vehicle seat may be a plate 60 have that around a hinge axis 62 brought up into a horizontal position. Since in a car, the height between the bottom of the seat and the bottom of the vehicle is not sufficient to accommodate such a plate, the plate 60 alternatively housed slidably below the seat part and pushed forward as needed, so that they the position of the plate shown 60 accepts.

In both cases, a footrest F can be provided (in 9 shown only dashed), for example, at the front edge of the plate 60 is pivotally hinged and is folded up when the seat is used for recreational purposes.

As well as the dashed line 64 shown, the backrest around the hinge axis 66 to be folded backwards according to the double arrow 68 , so that the seat works as a couch or massage table.

It is also possible to use the facilities O1 and O2 according to the 7 and 8th according to the vehicle seat 9 to use, these facilities are either pulled out behind the backrest of the vehicle seat or possibly in an in 9 not shown, but normally existing headrest be under or attached.

A vehicle seat of this type in principle allows a similar effect as the massage table and can be used for example in short breaks at rest stops, where up to 5 minutes should be available for such an application per break. The effect of tilting the massage table with the head to the floor on the baroreceptors of the neck is at least partially due to the application of the pilots 24 . 26 achieved at the neck of the user.

The other devices B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2, E1 and E2 or F discussed in connection with the massage table can also be installed in the vehicle seat, which is not absolutely necessary. Furthermore, if such devices are present, the corresponding movements according to the points explained above 4 - 11 be carried out in the sitting posture or in the lying posture, provided the backrest is in the back position 64 is worked.

In the case of a vehicle seat, such means embracing the human body should preferably be designed so that they are automatically deployed out of the seat so that they can be conveniently applied by the user. All straps can be padded at least on the side facing the user.

The way of controlling the cushion pressure on the cushions 80 will now be explained in detail with reference to 13A to 13C ,

Both the vehicle seat and the massage table, a basic structure is required, which serves as a carrier for the various treatment facilities.

It has been found by the inventor that the driver and passenger orthostasis traveling at an average speed of 100 km / h are best treated with a 20 second treatment cycle.

The average driving speed becomes immediate over one of the treatment previous driving time of about 45 to 90 minutes measured.

With the pillows 80 of the 5 or with the pillows 82 of the 9 . 11 and 12 it is initially assumed that these are half full, with a pressure of 200 mbar overpressure has been found to be particularly suitable. As with the solid line 100 of the 13A is shown, for example, the left cushion is initially inflated with an additional pressure of 100 mbar, ie from 200 to 300 mbar, and then partially empty, so that the pressure drops to 100 mbar. This entire cycle, ie once inflate and vacuum once, takes about 20 seconds, ie a half-cycle time of 10 seconds.

While the left pillow 80 respectively. 82 according to the continuous line 100 is pumped up and sucked off, at the right pillow 80 respectively. 82 vice versa, as by the broken line 102 shown. That is, the right pad is first partially sucked off, so that the internal pressure drops to 100 mbar and then inflated to an overpressure of 300 mbar again. That is, the right pillow 80 . 82 behaves inversely to the left pillow 80 . 82 ,

It has been found by the inventor that when the average vehicle speed has increased to 240 km / h, the cycle time must be shortened from 20 seconds to 12 seconds, the 13B then the corresponding curve 100 for the left pillow shows. The corresponding pressure curve for the right cushion is in the 13B omitted for simplicity. However, inflation and aspiration of the right pad are inversely related to inflation and suction on the left pad in a manner similar to that in Figs 13A shown, only with the shortened cycle time of 12 seconds.

If the average driving speed has fallen to almost zero, the cycle time is extended to 28 seconds, as in 13C for the left pillow 80 . 82 shown. Here, the half-cycle time of 14 seconds is entered. Again, the right pillow behaves 80 respectively. 82 exactly opposite to the left pillow.

The 13A to 13C show that a time spectrum of 12 seconds to 28 seconds is sufficient to account for average user travel speeds from 0 to 240 km / h in the previous period. Intermediate values of the average driving speed can be selected by proportionally dividing the corresponding ranges. For example, for an average vehicle speed of 170 km / h, a cycle time of 16 seconds, ie a half cycle time of 8 seconds, is selected. For an average driving speed of 50 km / h, a half-cycle time of 12 seconds is selected.

wobei

A_T

= die Amplitude bei der ausgewählten Taktzeit,

A₁₀

= die Amplitude, die gewählt wurde bei einer Halbtaktzeit von 10 Sekunden unter der Annahme von keinen Quer- bzw. Längsbeschleunigungen,

T

= die jeweilige Halbtaktzeit in Sekunden.

If the driver or passenger, ie the user of the piece of furniture, is exposed to pronounced lateral accelerations and / or longitudinal accelerations during the journey, the pressure amplitude can advantageously be changed in order to counteract the effects of the accelerations. This modification of the amplitude is best done by applying the following equation:

in which

A _T

= the amplitude at the selected cycle time,

A ₁₀

= the amplitude chosen at a half-cycle time of 10 seconds assuming no transverse or longitudinal accelerations,

T

= the respective half cycle time in seconds.

The value of 0.39 corresponds to the ratio of the length of the so-called QT stretch of the heart rhythm to the total cycle time of the heart rhythm. It is useful to look at some examples here.

If T remains at 10 seconds, ie when the average vehicle speed in the previous period is 100 km / h, it is seen that A _{T is} at 1.39 A ₁₀ for a half-cycle time of 10 seconds and taking into account lateral and longitudinal accelerations 1.39 times higher than the amplitude A ₁₀ without transverse and longitudinal accelerations to be considered. In our example, A _{10 is} 100 mbar, ie A _T is now 139 mbar and the curve 100 from 13A shifts to the position now 104 in accordance with the dashed line in 13A ,

Of course, this only applies to the left pillow. The same applies for the right pillow, but for simplicity's sake 13A not shown. Also during the suction process, the pressure in the pillow decreases 80 respectively. 82 from a maximum of 100 to a maximum of 61 mbar vacuum.

Now, if the average driving speed has increased to 240 km / h and the half-cycle time A _T has reduced to 6 seconds, we obtain, taking into account lateral and longitudinal accelerations, a value for A _T of A ₁₀ (1 + 0.39√ 6:10 ) = 100 (1 + 0.39 × 0.75) = 128 mbar.

The corresponding curve 104 is in 13B for the left pillow 80 . 82 located.

If, on the other hand, the average driving speed has dropped to zero, the user has nevertheless experienced lateral and longitudinal accelerations in the previous period, then one can now calculate: A _T = 100 (1 + 0.39√ 14:10 ) = 100 (1 + 0.39 × 0.35) = 100 (1 + 0.13 mbar) = 113 mbar.

This too is in 13C with the curve 104 located. In this example we are from the movement of the cushions 80 . 82 went out. However, the same cycle times and corresponding cams arise for all mobile devices of the possibilities a) to h).

For example, if it is the pilots O1 and O2, they are usually operated with a maximum pressure of 30 mm / Hg. That is, A ₁₀ = 30 mm / Hg. Unlike the pillows 80 . 82 However, the two pilots are not operated alternately, but both have at the same time overpressure or negative pressure, wherein the half-cycle time, ie the duration of the phase of the overpressure or the duration of the phase of the negative pressure, each 10 seconds, if from an average driving speed of 100 km / h is to go out.

If, however, the device is, for example, a device such as B1, B2 or D1, D2, the movement is also operated with the same cycle time as explained so far, ie assuming an average driving speed of 100 km / h with a half cycle time of 10 seconds. The amplitude of the movement is controlled accordingly, starting from an amplitude A ₁₀ of 30 mm at B1, B2 or C1, C2 and 20 mm at D1, D2 and E1, E2.

In the foot plate F, the cyclic drive also takes place according to the respective cycle time.

It should be emphasized that the stated values such as 100 mbar, 30 mm / Hg or 30 or 20 mm are only guideline values and other values can definitely be selected, for example lower pressure values, if the user is a sensitive person.

Claims (32)

Seating and / or reclining furniture with facilities for influencing the blood circulation of a user, in particular a driver or a passenger or passenger, which is designed to accommodate the user in a sitting or lying posture, wherein the piece of furniture has a basic structure and with at least three the following devices a) to h) is equipped: a) devices (01, 02) which exert a suction and / or compression effect in the area of the baroreceptors of the neck, b) devices (A1, A2) which can be applied in the region of the upper edge of the shoulder blades in order to exert on the user respective forces which are directed parallel to the spinal column in the direction of the pelvis, c) means (A3, A4) in the amount of the shoulder blades to rotate them alternately in both directions about an axis directed at least substantially perpendicular to the plane of the respective shoulder blade, d) means (B1, B2) around the rib cage between the sixth and twelfth ribs for rotating and / or holding the torso about the spine in both directions, e) a hip-acting device (C1, C2) for rotating and / or holding the hips around the spine in both directions; f) for each thigh, a device (D1, D2) acting thereacross to effect and / or maintain rotation of the respective thigh in both directions about its longitudinal axis, g) for each lower leg, a device (E1, E2) acting around the latter in the region of the ankle, in order to effect and / or maintain rotation of the respective ankle in both directions about the longitudinal axis of the respective lower leg; h) a foot support (F) movable between a position perpendicular to the user's lower leg and a user tilted toward the user's head, and an operation development for operating the existing one of the devices a) to h) in a predetermined manner clock. Piece of furniture according to claim 1, characterized in that it is the devices (01 and 02) of the feature a) are pilots, with a suction and / or compression pressure diaphragm to which a maximum of 30 mm Hg pressure and / or overpressure can be attached , Piece of furniture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the devices (A1 and A2) of the feature b) are formed by approximately C-shaped elements which from a recessed position within the backrest or within the massage table in an upper edge the shoulder blades of the user encompassing position are mobile. Piece of furniture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the devices (B1, B2) of the feature d) are two belt parts which can be connected to one another, which can be moved back and forth by means of a drive in the belt longitudinal direction. Piece of furniture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (C1, C2) of the feature e) are two belt parts which can be connected to one another and which can be moved back and forth in the belt longitudinal direction by means of a drive. Piece of furniture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each device (D1, D2) of the feature f) is a belt part which can be connected to one another and which can be moved back and forth in the belt longitudinal direction by means of a drive. Piece of furniture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each device (E1, E2) of the feature g) is a belt part which can be connected to one another and which can be moved back and forth in the belt longitudinal direction by means of a drive. Piece of furniture according to claim 7, characterized in that in the amount of the device (B1, B2) of the feature d) to <DP N = 35> blowable cushion are provided, which alternately from the opposite sides to the devices (A1 and A2) respectively be inflated or retracted two centimeters. Piece of furniture according to claim 8, characterized in that the inflatable cushions are inflated or drawn from a half full position. Piece of furniture according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is realized as a massage table. Piece of furniture according to claim 10, characterized in that the massage table has a joint in the middle, whereby a lying on the table, lying person can be bent in the pelvic region. Piece of furniture according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the table is tiltable about the hinge axis, so that the head of a person lying on the table down and their feet can be brought up or vice versa. Piece of furniture according to claim 12, characterized in that the tilt angle to the horizontal is a maximum amount of up to about ± 15 °, preferably up to about ± 60 °, and in particular up to ± 90 °. Piece of furniture according to claim 13, characterized in that the tilt angle is variable in each case in increments of about 15 °. Piece of furniture according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the massage table is equipped with the devices according to feature a), b), d) and e). Piece of furniture according to claim 15, characterized in that the massage table is additionally equipped with the devices according to feature f). Piece of furniture according to claim 16, characterized in that the massage table is additionally equipped with the devices according to feature g). Piece of furniture according to one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that the massage table has a footrest according to feature h). Piece of furniture according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is a driver's seat or passenger seat of a motor vehicle, a driver's seat or passenger seat of a car or a railway seat or deck or reclining seat or an aircraft seat. Piece of furniture according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is realized as a vehicle seat with a backrest and a seat part, wherein the backrest relative to the seat part to the rear in a reclining position is tilted. Piece of furniture according to claim 20, characterized in that in the front region of the seat part is provided an upwardly foldable or forward extendable support means for the lower leg of a person in the seat, for example, a hinged on the seat part or seat frame plate. Piece of furniture according to claim 21, characterized in that on the seat part remote end of the support means or plate, a footrest (F) is provided. Piece of furniture according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that it is equipped with the means (A1, A2) of feature b) and with the means (A3, A4) of feature c). Piece of furniture according to claim 23, characterized in that it is in the facilities of the feature c) are inflatable cushions, which are incorporated in the backrest and optional cushion parts laterally on the user's spine and move away from it. Piece of furniture according to one or more of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that the means (E1, E2) of the feature g) are provided. Piece of furniture according to one or more of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that the means (01 and 02) of the feature a) are provided. A piece of furniture according to any one of claims 20 to 26, characterized in that the preselectable or preselected time for each reciprocation of one of the means a) to h) is three per minute, d. H. a half-cycle time of 10 seconds is provided, which corresponds to an assumed average driving speed in the previous driving time of about 100 km / h. Piece of furniture according to claim 27, characterized in that the half-cycle time and therefore the cycle time is shortened if the average driving speed of a previous driving time is higher than 100 km / h and is extended if the average driving speed is above 100 km / h. Piece of furniture according to claim 28, characterized in that the half cycle time at an average driving speed of 240 km / h in the previous driving time is about 6 seconds and at an average driving speed of 0 km / h in the previous driving time is about 14 seconds. An item of furniture according to any one of claims 20 to 29, characterized in that the amplitude of the movement of the devices is increased when the user has been subjected to lateral accelerations in the previous travel time of about 30 minutes. Piece of furniture according to claim 30, characterized in that for an amplitude A _{10 of} an inflation pressure or a suction movement of the corresponding one of the devices a) to h) at 10 seconds half-cycle time, the amplitude A _T is changed at changed half-cycle time T according to the following equation:

ie assuming that the pressure A ₁₀ at T = 10 seconds at 100 mbar pressure, A _T at T = 6 seconds, A _T = 100 (1 + 0.39√ 0.6 ) mbar, = 100 (1 + 0.39 × 0.75) mbar, = 100 (1 + 28) = 128 mbar, and at T = 14 seconds, AT = 100 (1 + 0.39√ 1.4 ) mbar, = 100 (1 + 0.39 × 0.35) mbar = 100 (11 + 0.13) mbar = 113 mbar. Piece of furniture according to one of claims 20 to 31, characterized by an input device for input or storage of information about the average driving speed and transverse and / or longitudinal accelerations during the previous journey time.

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