DE1987375U - Machine for mixing or feeding materials with a plastic, dough-like consistency - Google Patents

Description

Baker Perkins G-ranTml! limited, Longfield Road, Twyford,

Berkshire, England

Machine for mixing or feeding materials from plastic, dough-like consistency "

The innovation relates to a drive device at which rotates a member at a variable speed, but essentially constant torque. must become.

An example of such a drive is in machines for Processing of plastic material, which with a! for feeding material, such as screw injection machines or screw en-yo rplasticizing devices are provided on injection molding machines the conveying or injection speed by Terandem the Speed of rotation of the screw conveyor, changed, - "and .general In other words, the torque that the worm turns must is more or less constant regardless of the speed of rotation, if any particular material

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is injected, provided that the! temperature of the material is kept constant »This means that the force required to rotate the screw conveyor increases in proportion to ₅ as the speed of rotation increases»

An embodiment of the drive device, which is usually "Has been used in plastic injection molding machines," points out an electric motor with infinitely variable control, which is driven by a reduction gear with a constant transmission ratio drives * With the motor, the speed is variable over the whole range; in which it is necessary is the speed of rotation of the! screw conveyor or another. To change rotating members, and the motor has a maximum power output that is sufficient to provide all the power which is necessary to rotate the link at its maximum speed with the maximum torque requirement offset"

These engines are costly and underutilized, because the link, such as the screw conveyor, only works at maximum speed for a small part of it Uptime is working. In addition, such variable speed motors have a fairly small electrical one Effect when at speeds substantially below work at their maximum, and since this is the case for a large part of their operating time, all of the work is electrical Power requirement much higher than it should be »

Similar considerations apply to machines for mixing or "conveying" dough, cookie mixes, and other materials plastic, dough-like consistency in embossing.

The purpose of the present inflation is to reduce these two to significantly reduce and weaken the disadvantages. According to the firing, the machine instructs for mixing or feeding

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of materials with a plastic, doughy consistency: rotatable mixing or feed part, which by a is known per se drive device-driven, which a contains simple planetary gear reducer, of which, a part.the rotatable part is set in rotation, a second part by a drive, with speed control set in rotation ? i / ird, and the third part with an electric motor with-: -. constant speed by which it is rotated and connected to gowns by which it is stationary is held, the arrangement being such that when the third part is held stationary, the rotatable part, is driven at a speed which is a fraction of the speed of the drive with speed control forms, and thus within the limits of the speed change of this drive is variable, and if the third part by the engine at constant speed in addition to the speed of the second link is set in rotation by its drive, the rotation. speed of the rotating part by a constant share is increased above the speed that is generated by the drive with the control alone. These known embodiment of the drive device switches all the disadvantages mentioned, when used for the. Powering machines for extrusion or injection molding of synthetic resin material and other similar machines for mixing or feeding other materials with a plastic, dough-like consistency.

The ratios of the planetary gear, the speed of rotation of the motor at a constant speed and the. The range of speeds of the drive with speed control are arranged so that when the third part of the planetary gear Yard held stationary, the drive at variable speed is able to move the rotatable part at a cruising speed from the required minimum up to a

B 63 365 / 59a Gbm

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The speed of rotation, which is generated by the variable speed drive rotating at its minimum speed, and the third link The constant speed motor of the planetary gear is slightly less than the maximum that can be achieved by the variable speed drive alone, and of course the maximum speed produced by the constant speed motor, and the drive rotating at its maximum speed with speed control is the maximum »- ■ .. - required by the machine. .. '

With this arrangement, the maximum is used to drive the link force required at its maximum speed of the drive with speed control and together with the motor with constant speed -generated, and accordingly the power output of the drive with speed control needs only approximately to be half of what is required when he is only intended 'would be.' The area of speed change to be just a little more than half of what which is otherwise required.

The drive with speed control can consist of an electric Variable speed motor or a motor with. constant speed, which is via a stepless Begel gear works, exist, which is a mechanical «, hydraulic or electromagnetic induction clutch, the output speed of which depends on the excitation of the clutch depends, is *

The cost of each of the drives is considerably lower than the cost of the engine required if a single

B 63 365/59 a GbmΛ \ - -; 28.3.68

ger variable speed motor would be used ?. and in fact the costs of the drive and the motor -with constant speed together are still quite considerably lower than those of a single motor with variable speed. Equally important, if the part is being rotated at about its medium speed _9, by using the speed control drive alone, it can be done at a speed approaching its maximum5 at which its effectiveness is high, and this effective range of the Drive with speed control is in turn. used at the upper end of the speed range of the rotatable part when the eotor is also in use at constant speed «\ ■. ■

Further advantages are that a wider range of speeds can be achieved than _9. is possible with a single standard variable speed motor, the speed range of which is limited, and finally higher constant rotating power is available at the lower end of the speed range than is possible with a single motor which can be reduced to the same speed. . .

The increased turning power is particularly important in snow spraying machines useful for spraying polyvinyl chlorides, which Extremely sensitive to hats and burn when the screw speed is up is excessive, but which require a greater rotational power than Polyätzylen to. them at lower Splash speed »- ■ ~"

The planetary gear should preferably be of the type _s in which two sun gears and planetary pinions of the same type are constantly coupled to one another in pairs ₉ with one pinion of each pair with each of the sun gears and is coupled to the screw conveyor, the planet carrier forms the second cable of the gearbox and has a cage _s which of

B 63 365 / 39a Gbm - 28 "3" 68B / We

the motor is driven at a variable speed, and the second sun gear forms the third. Part of the gearbox and is driven by the motor at a constant speed. Any! Form, of reduction gear is between the second Sönn.enrad and the motor with constant Speed required, and this preferably consists of a worm drive, the worm ^. ' from the engine with driven at a constant speed and the worm gear is coupled directly to the second sun gear »This lorm of reduction gears has the advantage that it cannot be reversible, and it can then itself hold the means to plague of the second sun gear when the stotor remains constant Speed is not turned «Instead, however, any other lorm of reduction gear can be used with a linear coupling used Tverden, which prevents that the second sun gear rotates in the opposite direction when the motor is at a constant speed out of action is ,, the engine with constant speed * If you prefer an alternating current slip ring motor, there this can be started under full load *

The cage of the planet carrier has - preferably a cylindrical one Outer surface, yi / elche itself a driven pulley forms. The variable speed drive has a driving pulley attached to its shaft is, and this sets the planet carrier cage by one or more V-belts in rotation.

Particularly in the case of plastic machines, it is desirable to have a safety device in the drive mechanism installed in order to protect the screw conveyor, it should be jammed by the plastic material to be injected or fed Tver den. The simplest sun of safety device is there in a shear connection between the second sun gear and the shaft, through which it is driven by the engine with constant

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Speed is driven, this shear joint, can have the lOrm of a viewing bolt, which at a predetermined Torque loss *

The two shafts, arranged on which the sun gears are ,, may be arranged with their ends against each other and with a rotary coupling between them _s and both shafts may be hollow in order. to allow the supply of cooling water through them to the inside of the! screw conveyor *

An embodiment of a plastic injection molding machine is shown in FIG shown in the accompanying drawing, the only character tion shows a schematic section - through the machine.

The machine has a feed bin 2 carrying a feed bin Frame T - on which an injection cylinder 3 is attached. lur the left end of the cylinder 3 is shown and after on the right it extends to a spray head, the cylinder 3 is surrounded by electrical heating devices 4 and. contains a rotatable! screw conveyor 5 »The screw conveyor 5 carries grained thermoplastic material from a container 6 to, - from which it falls down through a feed opening 7. That granular thermoplastic material is gradually softened and plasticized by the screw conveyor 5 when it is guided to the right to the spray head where it is injected.

The screw conveyor 5 is on. its left end a cylindrical one Head 8, which is carried by a bearing 9 «, line shaft 10 is arranged in bearings 11 and 12 in the feed block 2 and is connected to the cylinder by a flange 13 at its end. derischen head 8 of the! ordersohneeke coupled.

A sun gear 14 is keyed to the left end of the felle .10 _s . and a second sun gear 15 is mounted on a shaft 16 by a shear bolt, which is not shown. This. Shear bolt is designed so that it _s at a predetermined

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Turning power shears and this' limits, thus the which are transmitted from the shaft 16 to the sun gear 15 can. A cylindrical cage 17 is rotatable by means of bearings 18 and 1.9 on laben 20 and 21 of the sun gears 14 and 15 an- .. and in the cage 17 are four pairs of planetary pinions 22 rotatably arranged, of which only two on the drawing are shown. The planetary pinions of each pair 22 are attached to the same axis, and a pinion of each The pair meshes with each of the sun gears T4 and 15.

The shaft 16 is carried by bearings 23 and 24 in a housing 25 which is fastened on the frame 1. A snow face gear 26 which meshes with a taste 27 is fastened to the shaft 16 within the housing 25. The worm 27 is mounted on a shaft 27a ₉ on which a pulley 28 is also fixedly arranged, and the. Belt pulley 2.8 is driven by an electric motor 29 at constant speed through a belt drive 30. The motor 29 can thus rotate the sun gear 15.

The cage IT ₅ , which carries the planetary pinion 22, has a grooved, cylindrical outer circumference _{9, which} forms a pulley and is set in rotation by T-members 31, which in turn are driven by a pulley 32 which is mounted on the shaft of a motor .33 is attached at a variable speed. The variable speed electric motor 33 has a speed range of _{2.500 to 50 revolutions per minute 9} and the ratio of the diameters of the driving pulley 32 and the idler. 17 are such that a reduction ratio of approximately 2 ₉ 7 to 1 results between the motor 33..and the Ii äfig 17 ₅ with the cage in a range of 920 to 18 ₅ 4 revolutions per. Minute is set in rotation "The number of teeth on the sun gears 14 and 15 and on the planetary r.it ζ a 22 is so" that.,

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B 63 365 / 39a Gbm 28.3. 68 B / We.

when the sun gear 15 is held stationary, a reduction ratio from 1-4? 1 between the cage 17 and the sun gear H, which drives the screw conveyor 5 directly. The range of speeds of the screw conveyor 5 is therefore when the sun gear 15 is held, between, about 6.6 to 153 revolutions per minute.

The motor rotates at a constant speed 1450 revolutions per minute, and the gear ratio of the Worm gear is 25s1 so that when the motor 29 is in operation is, the sun gear 15 rotated at 58 revolutions per minute and this speed becomes directly that of the screw conveyor 5 added so that the total speed of the range of the screw conveyor is between 1.3 and 133 revolutions per Minute lies.

The shafts 10 and 16, which are on the same axis, are both hollow and have a rotatable coupling 34 _{9 between them} so that cooling water can be fed through them from a connection piece 35 to the inside of the son corner 5, which is also hollow Instead of an electric motor. 33 with variable speed, a torque and speed control unit can be used, and this is driven by an electric motor at constant speed Excitation results in variable speed performance with a substantially constant torque.

Claims (1)

■ RA.207H0-9A6B / -10-B 63 365 / 39a Gbm 28,3,68 B / fe "Machine for mixing or feeding materials with a plastic, dough-like consistency, in particular a machine for the extrusion of synthetic resin, which has a rotating order or mixing part, which is driven by a drive device which contains a drive with speed control, da duroh gekenixzeich. $ that the drive device known per se has a simple planetary reduction gear, of which a part (14) versetat the rotatable part (5) in rotation, a second part (17) is rotated by the internal drive (33) with speed control and the third part (15) is connected to a constant speed electric motor (29) by which it is rotatable and to means (25 ₉ 26 ,, 27) by which it can be held, the arrangement so made is that when the third part (15) is held ₉ the rotatable part (5) is driven at a speed which is a fraction of that of the drive (33) is with speed control, and is thus variable within the ß-limits of the speed change of this drive, and if the third part (15) of the motor with constant speed in addition to the rotation of the second part (17) through its drive (33) is set in rotation, the speed of rotation of the rotatable part (5) is increased by a constant proportion above the speed which is generated by the drive (33) solely with speed control. . - 2, machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive with speed control from an electric motor (33) with constant speed exists * 3 »Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - the planetary gear has two axially oak sun gears (14, 15) and ^: V ■ -11- B 63 365 / 39a Gbm. 28.3.68 B / We planetary pinions constantly coupled to one another in pairs (22) having, one of each pair with each of the Sun gears (14, 15) combs «, a sun gear (H) the. first part _ forms and is coupled to the rotatable part (5), the planet carrier forms the outer part and with a cage (17) stranding is «, which is from the drive (33) with speed control 'is driven, and the second sun gear (15) the third Part forms and with. the electric motor. (29) is connected with constant speed, Machine according to Claim 3 _S characterized _s that said second sun gear ( '15) is connected to the electric motor (29) with constant ..- Geschwindigkeit.-by a worm drive (26 _s 27), said screw (27) from the motor (29) is driven and the worm wheel (26) is coupled directly to the second sun wheel (15) ", the worm drive (26 ₉ 27) not being reversible. that he forms the means by which the second sun gear (.1: 5) can be held ... 5 «Machine, according to claim 3 or 4 _9, characterized in that the cage (17) of the KLanet carrier has a cylindrical outer circumference which forms a driven pulley _? and the drive (33) with speed control contains a driving pulley (32) which sets the planet carrier (17) in rotation by one or more Y-belts (31) * 6 “Machine according to one of the speeches 3-5? characterized,, that the second So.nnenrad (15) with the electric motor (29) with constant speed is connected by a shear bolt which fails at a predetermined rotational power ;, so that the transmitted to the second sun gear (15) Torque is limited to this predetermined torque » 7 »Machine according to one of the preceding claims, for spraying or gate plasticizing of thermoplastic material, thereby --JB - 63. 365 / 39a.-ffbm- 28.3.68 B / fe characterized ,, that the "two sun gears (H ₉ .15) on -WeI- *. len (1O ₅ , 16) are arranged, which are coaxially arranged with their ends against each other with a -rotatable coupling (34) between them, and "both shafts (T6 ₉ 10)" are made hollow so that cooling water supplied by them can reach the inside of the rotatable part through the rotary coupling (34).