DE19860660A1 - Solar collector and fastening device for on-roof and / or in-roof installation - Google Patents

Abstract

The housing of the solar heat collector is a self-contained, load-carrying closed shell (1) made of a heat insulating material. Independent claims are also included for structures for fixing the collector onto or into roof structures. Such fixing structures incorporate respectively a mounting rail and a connector frame onto/into which the collector is installed with a gap.

Description

The invention relates to a solar panel that consists of a housing with a sunny glass cover and an absorber, which is opposite the housing interior walls is thermally insulated by heat-insulating materials and a fastening device for a roof and / or In-roof installation.

The known commercially available solar panels exist essentially from a housing that is covered by an aluminum minium profile frame with integrated mounting groove, one Aluminum back wall and a highly transparent safe Glass cover with weatherproof sealing det is in which there is an absorber with connections, the opposite the aluminum back wall and the surrounding one Aluminum profile frame thanks to a heat-insulating material is isolated.

On the one hand, these solar collectors have a relative high weight and are also in the manufacture very time-consuming and costly. Beyond that it is not possible to insert the thermal insulation without joints or only possible with a very high effort, so that A complete insulation of the absorber is not in everyone Case can be guaranteed. The result is that Can form temperature bridges that are too significant Heat loss can lead, especially if the Frame and / or the rear wall of the housing, as in the commercially available solar collectors are made of aluminum, since aluminum is known to have a high thermal conductivity having.  

But also the roof and in-roof installation of such Solar panels are very expensive. As a rule, according to the known prior art for roof mounting on the one hand and for the in-roof days, on the other hand, different assembly devices a comprehensive inventory at the manufacturer is necessary but also required by the craftsman in order for to have the assembly equipment in stock for every type of installation. In addition, assembly aids are also required necessary to mount the solar panel to lock sufficiently.

DE 195 35 104 A1 describes a device for assembly ren of the well-known solar panels on a rafters and Slatted roof with at least one extending approximately across the width of the collector Known rail with two legs, in which the legs are different heights and one of the legs to the neck the collector and the other leg for support serves for the collector. Such a device sets ahead that the frame of the solar panel with a appropriate mounting groove or with additional means is trained to use the solar panel on the one hand Purpose of locking and on the other hand a sufficient attachment and fixation of the solar panel to ensure tors in the device. Furthermore must the complete assembly of the device on site, for example wise on a house roof, the time- and costs should not be underestimated.

The effort is particularly in the case of on-brick installation increased during assembly because there is a second one at the upper end Retaining iron must be provided that another shoot ne records so that the solar panel at the top can be properly supported and held. With the arrangement of the two rails, one of which is the  Solar panel down and the other up borders, it is necessary to distance the two rails to perform very precisely on site, on the one hand the shooting into the mounting grooves or mounting means on the frame of the Solar panel to be able to introduce and properly fix and on the other hand the solar panel in the Way to determine that the full functionality of the liquid-flow absorber is guaranteed.

The object of the present invention is therefore a To provide a solar collector that is and the cost of comprehensive thermal insulation and thus avoids heat loss and fixes creating a facility for solar collectors, which is inexpensive with a minimal amount of material is producible and the at a very small Mon daily effort, also on site, a secure fixation roof and in-roof installation guaranteed.

This object is achieved in that the housing closed from a joint-free sen housing shell, which is a heat insulating Has property. By such a housing shell the absorber from the atmosphere surrounding the case gives well insulated even when extra heat insulation was not completely inserted into the housing, because of the heat insulating property and the fo frame-free design of the housing shell can be excluded from temperature bridges. Rather, such a housing shell has not only one insulating property, but is also simultaneous a supporting housing part, so that the manufacture of the Housing of a solar collector is significantly simplified can be. It is advantageous if for the production of Hard shell is used, which is preferred  is a polyurethane foam with which the housing on the one hand seschale can be manufactured very economically and on the other hand due to its low thermal conductivity has very good insulation properties. About that In addition, the weight of a solar col be reduced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention are the inner surfaces of the housing shell with a joint thermal insulation and connection-free insulation lined. In this way, the insulation property the housing itself can be further increased so that a Heat loss largely over the housing shell walls can be excluded. This lining can can be achieved with a method such as it is proposed in patent application DE 198 15 933.1 has been.

According to another preferred embodiment of the Erfin the upper circumferential surface of the side walls the housing shell on a circumferential flat approach, in which the glass cover can be fixed. This circulating Approach ensures that the Glasab coverage in a simple way and without any additional help medium can be positioned exactly. Rather, by the training of the all-round approach at the manufacturer development of the housing shell made of hard foam and thus in Foam process, the approach can be exactly the outer shape the glass cover can be adjusted so that in connection a good pre-seal with the rigid foam material tion is achieved.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the Glass cover by an angle frame Cover frame fixed by a screw on the upper surface of the side walls of the housing  shell is attached and with its vertical leg encloses the outside of the housing shell and between the vertical leg and the outer shell of the housing shell forms a circumferential free gap. Through this Cover frame will firstly cover the glass cover secured on the housing shell and the other is formed by the circumferential gap formed on a created a simple way the sun collector in a fastening device for Purpose of mounting to fix and with the minimum Saving effort sufficiently. Rather with one appropriate design of the fastening device, as will be explained below, for example the housing shell, which is preferably made of rigid foam is comprehensive, against impact or impact, the z. B. by weather conditions, such as u. a. through Ha gelschlag, or in other events their origin have and can act on the solar collector, be adequately protected.

In addition, the solar panel due to circumferential gap with a corresponding interpretation of the Fastening device optionally for mounting in Longitudinal or transverse direction can be used without a Changes to the solar panel must be made.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the Er is the screw fastening of the cover frame a fastener that formed a helical shape formed thread form has. By the helical Thread shape ensures that, on the one hand, between there is a large amount of material left in the worm gear and secondly a large contact area between the Fastener and the rigid foam is formed so that despite the brittle material structure of hard foam, which inevitably affects the tightening force of the fastener  fig limited, a secure hold of the fastener and thus the cover frame is given.

Rather, due to the inevitably limited tightening force the fastener can be used in conjunction with the Possible placement of the glass cover on the rigid foam Tensions in the glass cover can be avoided possibly with time to a crack in the Glass cover.

According to a further embodiment of the invention the effective area of a solar panel by ver glue two or more basic bodies of the housing shell or by gluing a separate and clad neren basic body of the housing shell with a adapted closed cover frame are enclosed, changeable. This way you can use a basic shape Various large collectors for foaming the housing shell door surfaces are designed without the device for Foam the casing shell to change or stock holding devices of different sizes, which inevitably leads to an increase in costs. Only In this case, the cover frame has to be varied however, the time expenditure is hardly increased.

The further object of the present invention is for the roof mounting of a solar panel with a loading fastening device solved, in which the mounting rail at the lower and upper end with one each for solar col Lector-oriented mounting bracket is provided over the the solar collector can be fixed with the circumferential gap and with at least one external clamp are trained with which the solar panel is clampable and that the mounting rail with a roof hook is firmly connected, which is hinged to a roof batten is.  

This fastener is simple techno logical techniques and essentially by itself usual semi-finished products can be produced and therefore with very free inexpensive and to train with little time. The necessary assembly equipment for attaching the attachments cleaning device on the roof and for mounting the Solar panel can only be used on common Tools are limited. Rather through the simple The type of attachment is the Vo condition given that the assembly of the fastener supply device and the assembly of the solar panel can be placed on the roof.

Consequently, expensive preparations, such as. B. the construction of possible scaffolding, opening a larger one Roof area or taking other measures for the purpose the assembly, for applying a solar panel a roof can be largely dispensed with.

In addition, the preferred training of Mounting bracket that the length of the leg that to Son nenkollektor is approximately equal to the height of the Housing shell is the hard foam body of the housing shell abge by the leg against possible damage shields. Rather, by engaging the leg in the gap formed between the outer wall of the housing seschale and the comprehensive cover frame, becomes additionally a form-fitting similar connector formed in connection with the fastening device a secure attachment of the solar panel guaranteed.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the Invention, the fastening device is a clamp feather that prefers a double-barreled open on one side Parenthesis is that of two lying in one plane Bores in the manner on the leg of the mounting bracket  it is determined that the web between the holes Abutment for the bracket forms. With training and arrangement of the bracket, which preferably consists of a non- stainless spring steel is manufactured, a tool and semi-finished attachment of the clip to the assembly created angle that is wear-free and on a can be easily assembled. Furthermore, can with such a bracket in the mounting bracket locked solar collector easily and with little Time spent in the fastener bracketed and to be attached with it.

As has been shown, the bracketing effect preferably angled to the side of the cover frame all-round bar acts in the area of engagement with Arre can be provided for the clamp, a clamping impacted on the solar panel, which only with a tool is detachable, so that even with extreme doors bulence, such as B. in storm gusts, a movement-free Stability of the solar panel can be ensured.

The further object of the present invention is for the roof installation of a solar panel with a Be fastening device solved that from a roof mount there exists a framework for development with a. Solar panel directed web is formed in which the Sonnenkol lector with the circumferential gap through a form-fitting similarly designed connector can be fixed. To in addition, the solar panel is screwed binding or a clamp connection attached to the web. The se fastening device that secure fastening guaranteed by the solar panel, makes it possible to In-roof installation on the one hand with minimal time and costs effort to carry out and secondly through the roof integration frame a simple and safe integration of the solar panel in the roof. Much more  thanks to the roof integration frame, the roof can be easily well removed to the solar collector without additional effort be sealed.

In addition, the form-fitting connector between the surrounding web of the roof integration frame and the circumferential gap on the solar collector already achieved a high stability of the solar collector, through the proposed connection or security is additionally supported.

Further embodiments of the invention are in the subordinate claims specified.

The invention is based on a preferred example based on the drawings described.

The drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a Teilab section of the solar collector, with a fastening device shown to a mounting bracket,

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a partial section of the solar collector with a Befestigungsein device for a roof installation,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a solar collector with a disassembled fastening device and

Fig. 4 a roof mounting frame for an in-roof assembly.

The solar collector essentially consists of a housing shell 1 , a highly transparent glass cover 5 , a cover frame 6 and the absorber 35 .

The housing shell 1 is a ge foamed from polyurethane foam, the inner surface 2 is additionally lined with a joint-free and connection-free thermal insulation, which is connected by a method to the inner surface 2 , as is known from patent application 198 15 933.1.

A further loose thermal insulation 31 is placed on the inner surface 2 , on which the selectively coated absorber 35 rests. The manifold 22 of the absorber 35 is passed over a provided in the side wall of the housing shell 1 and is carrying 34 telt umman in the penetration of the side wall with a heat-protective tube 30th

On the upper circumferential surface 4 of the housing shell 1 , a circumferential approach 3 is provided, in which the glass cover 5 , which is surrounded by a circumferential sealing means 13 , is inserted in a fixed manner. The sealant 13 has a sealing projection 36 which extends along the inner wall 21 of the housing shell 1 through the guide 34 and at the same time forms the seal for the header 22 of the absorber 35 relative to the housing shell 1 .

The sealed glass cover 5 is fixed by a cover frame 6 on the housing shell 1 , which is fastened with a screw fastening 7 to the housing shell 1 . The screw attachment 7 has a screw-shaped thread shape with a large pitch, similar to known plaster dowels. The large slope and the large difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of such screw benbefestigung 7 , which can be ausgebil det by the screw shape, ensure excellent durability even in a porous and brittle material, such as hard foam, as surprisingly results Has.

The cover frame 6 is designed as an angular frame and encloses with the leg 8 , which extends perpendicular to the outer side 9 , the housing shell 1 in such a way that a free gap 10 is formed between the outer side 9 and the leg 8 , in which a leg 25 one Mounting bracket 17 can engage.

At the end of the leg 8 , which preferably half-encloses the housing shell 1 , a circumferential strip 12 is seen before, which is preferably arranged at an angle of 90 ° to the leg 8 . The strip 12 is preferably formed by folding the leg 8 and has be specially designed engagement areas in which a fastening device can be locked.

A solar collector manufactured according to this system allows a variable adaptation to the required effective area and can be laid out accordingly on the basis of a uniform housing shell 1 without great effort. For this purpose, one or more housing shells 1 can be glued to one another by a special adhesive if the effective area is larger, or if the effective area is reduced, the housing shell 1 is separated and the parts are reduced, and then the reduced parts are joined by gluing.

The basket of a solar collector, enlarged or reduced in this way, is then enclosed overall by an adapted cover frame 6 . The further education then takes place as described above.

A fastening device for rooftop mounting, for example for a solar collector of the type presented above, consists essentially of a mounting rail 16 , at least two mounting brackets 17 , a fastening device 15 , a roof hook 18 and screw connections 32 and 33 .

The mounting rail 16 is formed at the opposite ends in the longitudinal direction with at least one mounting bracket 17 , which preferably by means of screw connections 32 , 32 '; 32 ″, 32 ″ ″ are fastened to the mounting rail 16. In the mounting bracket 17 , bores 23 , 24 are provided in the area near the mounting rail 16 , which lie in one plane. The bores 23 , 24 accommodate the fastening device 15 which consists of a double-barreled spring clip, which is open at one end and abuts the web 26 between the bores 23 , 24 with the other closed end, which forms the abutment for the clip, in order to avoid wear on the clip these preferably consist of a stainless spring steel.

The mounting rail 16 is connected to at least one screw connection 33 with a roof hook 18 , which is cranked before preferably in the area of fastening the mounting rail 16 . The roof hook 18 extends between two roof tiles 19 , 19 'and is articulated to a roof batten 20 and should preferably be additionally secured to the roof batten 20 by a screw connection or other types of connection. It is advantageous if for the roof batten 20 an additional roof batten is seen in order to increase the stability of the device on the roof.

The assembly of the fastening device and the sun collector can be carried out with ordinary tools and because of the simple attachment to the roof can also be done before mounting on the roof.

During assembly, the mounting rail 16 is connected to the Mon angle bracket 17 and the brackets, which serve as fastening means 15, are inserted into the bores 23 , 24 . Then the mounting rail 16 is connected to the roof hook 18 . Then the solar collector is placed on the legs 25 of the mounting bracket 17 in such a way that the legs 25 engage in the gap 10 between the cover frame 6 and the outside of the housing shell 1 . So that the solar collector on the fastening device is clearly fixed and the brackets of the fastening device 15 are engaged with the open end in the engagement areas 14 of the circumferential strips 12 of the cover frame. In this way, the clamping force of the fastening device 15 on the one hand the solar collector is clearly secured to the fastening supply device and on the other hand the housing shell 1 with the glass cover 5 between the cover frame 6 and the mounting rail 16 is additionally tensioned. Then the solar panel fastened with the fastening device is positively steered by removing one or more roof tiles with the roof hook 18 on the additionally provided roof batten 20 and secured if necessary.

Fastening device for in-roof mounting, for example for a solar collector of the type described above, consists of a roof mounting frame 27 , on the inside of which a circumferential web 28 is angled, which has a dimension that is equal to the dimension of the gap 10 on the solar collector, the height 29 at approximately the height of the housing shell 1 .

The roof integration frame 27 is fastened in the roof in a known manner and the solar collector with its gap 10 between the outside 9 of the housing shell 1 and the cover frame 6 is placed on the circumferential web 28 . In this way, the solar panel is clearly locked in the fastening device and already partially secured by the form-fitting similar connector. The further securing of the solar collector is carried out on the web 28 by means of screw or clamp connections.

List of reference numbers

1

Housing shell

2nd

Inner surface

3rd

approach

4th

top surface

5

Glass cover

6

Cover frame

7

Screw fastening

8th

vertical leg

9

Outside

10th

gap

11

Solar panel floor

12th

Afford

13

Sealant

14

Areas of intervention

15

Fastening device

16

Mounting rail

17th

Mounting bracket

18th

Roof hook

19th

Roof tiles

19th

'' Roof tiles

20

Roof batten

21

Interior wall

22

Manifold

23

drilling

24th

drilling

25th

Leg mounting bracket

26

Bridge mounting bracket

27

Roof mounting frame

28

web

29

Web height

30th

Heat protection hose

31

Thermal insulation

32

Screw fastening

32

'' Screw fastening

32

"Screw fastening

32

'''Screw fastening

33

Screw fastening

34

execution

35

absorber

36

Sealing approach

Claims (28)

1. Solar panel, consisting of a housing with a sun-facing glass cover and a From sorber, which is thermally insulated from the housing inner walls by heat-insulating materials, characterized in that the housing is a free-fitting and self-contained housing shell ( 1 ), which consists of a material with a heat insulating property. 2. Solar panel according to claim 1, characterized net that the material is a rigid foam. 3. Solar panel according to claim 2, characterized net that the rigid foam is a polyurethane foam. 4. Solar collector according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner surfaces ( 2 ) of the housing shell ( 1 ) are lined with a joining and connec tion-free thermal insulation. 5. Solar collector according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper circumferential surface ( 4 ) of the side walls of the housing shell ( 1 ) has a circumferential flat extension ( 3 ) in which the glass cover ( 5 ) can be fixed. 6. Solar collector according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the glass cover ( 5 ) by an angle frame formed as a Rah Rah men ( 6 ) is fixed by a screw fastening ( 7 ) on the upper surface ( 4 ) of the sides walls of the housing shell ( 1 ) is attached and with its vertical leg ( 8 ) encloses the outer sides ( 9 ) of the housing shell ( 1 ) and between the vertical leg ( 8 ) and the outer sides ( 9 ) of the housing shell ( 1 ) a circumferential free gap ( 10 ) trains. 7. Solar collector according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing shell ( 1 ) is preferably surrounded in half by the leg ( 8 ). 8. Solar collector according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the directed towards the sun collector bottom (11) leg (8) of the angular frame are provided with integrally angled peripheral ledges (12), which is preferably an angle of 90 ° relative to the limb (8) exhibit. 9. Solar collector according to claim 6, characterized in that between the cover frame ( 6 ) and the glass cover ( 5 ) a circumferential sealing means ( 13 ) is introduced, which is in the area of the implementation ( 34 ) of the collecting tube ( 22 ) on the Extends inner wall ( 21 ) and forms the seal of the passage ( 34 ) of the header ( 22 ). 10. Solar collector according to claim 6, characterized in that the screw fastening ( 7 ) is carried out with a fastening means which is formed with a helical thread shape. 11. Solar collector according to claim 10, characterized in that the strips ( 12 ) with engagement areas ( 14 ) for a fastening device ( 15 ) are ausgebil det. 12. Solar collector according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the effective area of a solar collector by gluing two or more base bodies of the housing shell ( 1 ) or by gluing a separate and reduced base body of the housing shell ( 1 ), which with an adapted closed cover frame ( 6 ) are enclosed, is changeable. 13. Fastening device for on-roof mounting of solar panels, preferably for a solar panel according to claims 1 to 12, which has at least one mounting rail, characterized in that the mounting rail ( 16 ) at the lower and upper ends with one for each solar panel Mounting bracket ( 17 ) is provided, via which the solar collector can be fixed with the gap ( 10 ) and which are formed with at least one external fastening device ( 15 ) with which the sun collector can be clamped and that the mounting rail ( 16 ) with a roof hook ( 18 ) is fixedly connected to a roof batten ( 20 ). 14. Fastening device according to claim 13, characterized in that the leg to the solar collector tich leg ( 25 ) of the mounting bracket ( 17 ), has a length which is approximately the height of the housing shell ( 1 ). 15. Fastening device according to claim 13, characterized in that the mounting bracket ( 17 ) with the mounting rail ( 16 ) are detachably connected. 16. Fastening device according to claim 13, characterized in that the mounting bracket ( 17 ) with the mounting rail ( 16 ) are non-detachably connected. 17. Fastening device according to claim 16, characterized in that the mounting bracket ( 17 ) at the ends of the mounting rail ( 16 ) are angled. 18. Fastening device according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the fastening device ( 15 ) is a clamping spring. 19. Fastening device according to claim 18, characterized in that the clamping spring is a one-sided open double-running spring clip, which is fixed by two in one plane bores ( 23 , 24 ) in the manner on the leg ( 25 ) of the mounting bracket ( 17 ) that the web ( 26 ) between the bores ( 23 , 24 ) forms the abutment for the clip. 20. Fastening device according to claim 18, characterized in that the clamping spring is fixed on the outer surfaces of the legs ( 25 ). 21. Fastening device according to one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the mounting rail ( 16 ) on the roof hook ( 18 ) by means of a screw benverbindung is fixed. 22. Fastening device according to one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the mounting rail ( 16 ) on the roof hook ( 18 ) is fixed non-detachably. 23. Fastening device according to one of claims 13 to 22, characterized in that the roof hook ( 18 ) is cranked in the region of the fastening of the mounting rail ( 16 ). 24. Fastening device according to one of claims 13 to 23, characterized in that the roof hook ( 18 ) on the roof batten ( 20 ) is fixed by a positive connection, which is preferably secured by a screw connection. 25. Fastening device for in-roof installation of solar panels, preferably for a solar panel according to claims 1 to 12, marked net by a roof mounting frame ( 27 ) which is formed with a peripheral web ( 28 ) facing the solar panel, in which the solar panel with the circumferential gap ( 10 ) can be fixed. 26. Fastening device according to claim 25, characterized in that the web height ( 29 ) is approximately the height of the housing shell ( 1 ) of the solar collector. 27. Fastening device according to one of claims 25 and 26, characterized in that the Sonnenkol lector is secured by at least one screw connection on the web ( 28 ) of the roof mounting frame ( 27 ). 28. Fastening device according to one of claims 25 and 26, characterized in that the Sonnenkol lecturer is secured ge at least by a resilient fastening device ( 15 ) on the roof mounting frame ( 27 ).