DE19838692A1 - Waste water treatment plant for small remote settlement has distributor shaft to low-cost modular reed basins reducing capital and operating costs - Google Patents

Abstract

A small remote settlement of up to 50 persons has a reed bed waste water treatment plant consisting of a series of basins (2), with a plant stage (4) and an outlet (9) for treated water. A distributor shaft (3) is positioned upstream of the plant stage (4). The plant stage (4) consists of a series of pre-fabricated rectangular plastic or concrete modular basins (41, 42, 43, 44),connected in parallel, receiving their water supply in equal quantities from the distributor shaft (3). Each basin is 1-1.8 m deep, has a surface area of 3-7.5 m<2> and is capable of treating water effluent from a household of average 2.5 persons.

Description

The invention relates to a plant bed sewage treatment plant as Domestic sewage treatment plant for up to 50 residents, with one Multi-chamber pit, a plant clarification stage and one Drain for the cleaned wastewater and a process for the treatment of waste water for up to 50 inhabitants with a such plant bed treatment plant.

According to the wastewater regulations (ATV) A 262 in connection with DIN 4261 Part 1 for domestic wastewater treatment plants, it is known to discharge wastewater into a plant clarifier with a surface area of 3 m ² via a primary clarifier of 1.5 m ³ per inhabitant designed as a multi-chamber pit with three chambers to lead each resident. The wastewater cleaned from such plants can then be discharged into water. Such systems are built individually on the basis of the magnitude dependent on the number of people in the households connected to the domestic sewage treatment plant and the ambient conditions.

Especially for the considerable area consumption Plant purification plants are therefore very different Refinements known to be made to order Location. Such plant clarifiers will by excavating a floor area with subsequent Sealing, for example inserted film or applied layer of clay or one made on site Concrete or plastic tub manufactured and then with the desired filling of round gravel, for example graded grain size and lean mineral soil or  Gravel / sand / humus mixture filled.

There is also the problem that the typical intermittent loading of such house systems in the Morning and evening hours (Q 10) an even one Treatment of plant clarifiers with waste water is difficult (Q 24).

Furthermore, from the final report on Research project AZ 32-201 / 00091 by S. Kunst and K. Bottle, "Investigations into operational safety and Cleaning performance of small sewage treatment plants with special Consideration of the overgrown soil filter "of the ISAH the University of Hanover from June 1995, one Wastewater treatment with two floors loaded in parallel perform filtering. However, this arrangement was only chosen to include a two-stage, d. H. in rows Circuit arranged, plant clarification stage with two soil filters arranged one behind the other can. So there were two in the experimental setup conventional plant clarifiers built and optional operated in series or parallel loading.

In conventional wastewater treatment processes according to Activated sludge process is known from DE 23 04 804 C2, to connect several ventilation levels in parallel. At this process for large wastewater treatment plants, in which Dependence on the variable wastewater supply only certain ventilation levels are in operation, the Sludge pollution of those in operation Ventilation levels are kept almost constant.

Furthermore, such biological sewage treatment plants partial recycling of the clarified wastewater  a return line to the first clarifier for example from EP 0 628 517 A1 and DE 33 06 831 A1 known.

The object of the invention is based on the wastewater regulation one Plant bed sewage treatment plant and a clarification process for it specify where an inexpensive construction and a more uniform clarification process is achieved.

This task is mentioned at the beginning Plant bed treatment plant according to the device solved that upstream of the plant clarification stage Distribution shaft is arranged and the Plant clarification stage in modular form from several standardized, prefabricated basin, which are connected in parallel and from the distribution shaft be loaded equally.

The modular structure of the Plant clarification stage and the upstream Distribution shaft an equal division of the Wastewater flow in four sub-flows, for example reached. In every single plant pool module achieved a desired area distribution. The featured made standardized pool modules easier the construction of the wastewater treatment plant considerably, since this just delivered in the desired number and in appropriate excavated pits are used have to. Beyond that, too Warehousing costs low, since only one type of pool module is provided. In addition, the pools are due industrial prefabrication inexpensive. Furthermore, due to the modular design, the system, for example  Family growth or house expansion are expanded, without destroying existing parts.

If the standardized, prefabricated basin in the is essentially a cuboid, the Basins close together with minimal space requirements be arranged horizontally. In addition, the Handling, especially during loading and transport, considerably simplified. The pool is preferably out Concrete or plastic made.

In a preferred dimensioning, the planting basin has a surface area of 3.00-7.50 m ² , preferably 6.00 m ² , and a height of 1.00 m to 1.80 m. The pool module is therefore dimensioned for wastewater of 1 to 2.5 inhabitants. The module is easy to use. The outside width of a pool module should not exceed the usual truck loading dimension in order to allow inexpensive transportation without excess width.

The fact that a downstream clarifier at the outlet with a return pump line to the multi-chamber pit is provided, the deposition of after Plant clarification level of suspended matter still present in the Wastewater enables. With the return line a Partial flow of waste water, especially the sludge-containing fraction settling down into the Multi-chamber pit returned for further clarification become. With this measure, another Equalization of the time to be processed Clarification volume reached. The degree of cleaning also increases the plant considerably.

If the multi-chamber pit at least one separated  Chamber, which is designed as a secondary clarifier, and a return pump line is provided, which the cleaned Waste water from the plant clarification stage to the separated Chamber promotes the multi-chamber pit, the outlet is connected to the separated chamber, is in alternative configuration of the otherwise additional required shaft for a separately arranged downstream clarifier saved. With a 3- Chamber pit would, for example, have two chambers for that Preliminary clarification stage and a separate chamber for the Clarification stage can be used.

The fact that in every standardized plant pool an upper layer as a coarse gravel fill for even distribution of wastewater, including one middle layer as a finely graded bed of Expanded clay for the plant roots and one below lower layer as a coarse gravel fill with drain pipes are provided for the removal of the cleaned waste water, is a near-surface, particularly even surface distribution of the supplied wastewater reached. At the same time there are Layer the possibility of short-term buffering. The one below, the real one Expanded clay layer forming soil root clarification allowed with good oxygen supply at the same time Reed plants bacterial treatment of waste water. The expanded clay is more porous than gravel Surface so that a larger surface and through a finely graded grit a lesser Sink speed and therefore a longer one Residence time of the waste water is reached. Moreover the expanded clay is also able to absorb moisture save and use the plants even during the holiday season  To supply nutrients. Nitrates can do better too be stored in the ground. The different Layers are created by interposed building fleece mats separated from each other to mix the Avoid materials.

Due to the gravel fill applied over the expanded clay, which is preferably at least 30 cm-50 cm thick and one Has a grain size of 16/32, the Expanded clay floats when there is a strong inflow of waste water and is contaminated. It is also a frost protection guaranteed. The one below the expanded clay, too gravel fill of approx. 30 cm thick, with a grain size of 16/32 or even 16/64 supports the removal of the cleaned Sewage into the embedded drain pipe. This the so-called drainage layer allows trouble-free Run off and prevented by the coarse stone Pouring the deposit of mud. If there is no backlog of the waste water is an optimal aeration of the Floor space body achieved from below. With this Arrangement becomes a particularly high oxygen input at the same time lower and more uniform Sink rate of sewage reaches what especially those that occur during long-term operation Counteracts enrichment of nitrate and sludge. As a result, the efficiency of the system also remains sustained operation.

According to the method, the object is achieved in that the wastewater from the primary clarification stage is equally divided is divided and in the plant clarification stage in several pools are processed in parallel. So that will each plant pool module with the same  Waste water volume applied.

Especially when the wastewater from the primary clarification stage is divided equally and in which Plant clarification level in several basins in parallel is processed, an equalization of the treatment volume to be processed and a further treatment of the sewage sludge achieved.

Below are 4 exemplary embodiments of the invention detailed with the accompanying drawings described.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Pflanzenbeetkläranlage the invention according to a first embodiment,

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment form,

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment and

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional, partially sectioned block diagram of the system shown in Fig. 1.

1 shows a plant bed sewage treatment plant in a first embodiment. A waste water inlet 1 is connected to a multi-chamber pit 2 . The multi-chamber pit 2 has three chambers 21 , 22 and 23 which are connected to one another. The third chamber 23 of the multi-chamber pit 2 has an outlet 24 which leads into a distributor shaft 3 .

The distributor shaft 3 optionally has a pump as a lifting device. Four outlet lines 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 are arranged in the distribution shaft 3 , which allow wastewater to be charged in the same way.

A plant clarification stage 4 arranged downstream of the distributor shaft 3 is constructed in the exemplary embodiment shown from four standardized basin modules 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 . The internal structure of Pflanzenklärstufe 4 will be further described below with reference to Fig. 4.

An outlet 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 is arranged on each plant pool module 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 . These outlet lines 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 are merged in a control shaft 5 . The control shaft 5 preferably also has a pump as a lifting device. An outlet 9 is connected there, which leads, for example, into a body of water.

In FIG. 2 a modified embodiment of the invention is shown. The same or similar components have the same reference numerals.

The waste water inlet 1 leads into a multi-chamber pit 2 with three chambers 21 , 22 , 25 , of which the first two 21 , 22 are connected in the usual way. The third chamber 25 is formed separately. The outlet 24 , which leads to the distributor shaft 3 , is arranged in the second chamber 22 of the multi-chamber pit 2 . This is followed by the plant clarification stage 4 and inspection shaft 5 according to the aforementioned embodiment.

However, a pressure line 6 is connected to the control shaft 5 and leads the entire waste water into the separate chamber 25 of the multi-chamber pit 2 . An outlet 9 is arranged on the separate chamber 25 . The chamber 25 acts as a secondary clarification stage.

In Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the sewage treatment plant according to the invention. The system largely corresponds in its arrangement to the first exemplary embodiment and so far has the same reference numerals.

The inlet 1 leads into the three-stage multi-chamber pit 2 . Downstream, the distributor shaft 3 , the plant clarification stage 4 and the control shaft 5 are provided in the arrangement described for FIG. 1. At the control shaft 5 , however, a connecting line 71 is provided which leads into a secondary clarifier 7 . An outlet 9 and a pressure line 8 are connected to the clarifier 7 , the pressure line 8 returning a sludge-containing part of the waste water to the first chamber 21 of the multi-chamber pit 2 .

Fig. 4 shows a three-dimensional, partly ge cut block diagram of a sewage treatment plant according to the invention according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

The wastewater inlet 1 , not shown, leads into the cylindrical multi-chamber pit 2 , which is covered, for example, by a lawn. Only an inspection opening 26 allows access for maintenance and cleaning work. From the third chamber of the multi-chamber pit 2 , the outlet 24 leads into the distributor shaft 3 , from which several connecting lines 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 lead to assigned, standardized basins 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 of the plant clarification stage 4 . The lines 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 are guided in an upper layer 45 as drain pipes 48 for the fine, uniform distribution of the waste water. The upper layer 45 consists of a coarse-grained bed of gravel 16/32. The height is approx. 30 cm-50 cm.

A middle layer 46 is arranged underneath as a finely graded bed of expanded clay. The root system of the plants, preferably reed plants 40 , is arranged in this layer 46 .

A lower layer 47 made of a coarse gravel fill 16/32 or 16/64 is arranged under the middle layer 46 . A nonwoven layer for separation is preferably inserted between layers 45 and 46 as well as 46 and 47 .

In the lower layer 47 , drain pipes 49 are arranged horizontally or vertically, which collect the clarified waste water and lead through the connecting lines 51 , 52 , 53 and 54 into the control shaft 5 . From the inspection shaft 5 , the cleaned wastewater is passed into a body of water via outlet 9 .

Below is how the Sewage treatment plant according to the invention based on the various Exemplary embodiments explained.

The one that converges from one or more houses Waste water is fed into a multi-chamber pit brought in. The wastewater is in the multi-chamber pit in the manner of a sedimentation pit or septic tank in the usual way  Pre-filtered way. The wastewater arrives from the first Chamber through openings in the second chamber and in the first and third exemplary embodiment also in the third chamber.

From here, the pre-treated wastewater becomes one Distributor shaft fed. In the distribution shaft the wastewater volume flow is equal the connecting lines distributed.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, four pool modules each with a surface of 6 m ^{2 are} provided, so that this system is dimensioned for 4 × 2 = 8 residents.

There is an equal part in each plant pool module Wastewater flow through a trickle pipe in one fed upper layer. The wastewater is distributed evenly on the surface and starts in the middle Plant layer to sink. There is among the Reed plants favored the supply of oxygen Biologically cleaned wastewater. In the lower one The cleaned wastewater is collected in gravel and via drain pipes and connecting lines to one Inspection shaft removed.

The cleaned wastewater is removed from the inspection shaft either into a body of water using a pump (Embodiment 1), in a separate chamber Multi-chamber pit (embodiment 2) or in one Clarifier headed (embodiment 3).

From the clarifier and from the one that functions as well the cleaned wastewater is then separated chamber directed into a body of water. In the third execution  game is from the separate clarifier over a Return line to the sludge-containing fraction first chamber of the multi-chamber pit pumped back to to participate again in the clarification process. Such Repatriation is also the case for a plant after the second Embodiment possible if there from the separated the sludge-containing fraction into the first chamber of the multi-chamber pit is pumped back. The Pumping back is preferably carried out to low wastewater Times of day and can be used once or several times if necessary be performed daily.

Reference list

1

Wastewater inlet

2nd

Multi-chamber pit

21

first chamber

22

second chamber

23

third chamber

24th

Multi-chamber pit outlet

25th

separate chamber

26

Inspection opening

3rd

Distribution shaft

31

Connecting line

32

Connecting line

33

Connecting line

34

Connecting line

4th

Plant clarification stage

40

Reed plants

41

Plant pool

42

Plant pool

43

Plant pool

44

Plant pool

45

upper layer

46

middle layer

47

Lower class

48

Drain pipe inlet

49

Drain pipe drain

5

Inspection shaft

51

Connecting line

52

Connecting line

53

Connecting line

54

Connecting line

6

Pressure line

7

Secondary clarifier

71

Connecting line

8th

Pressure line

9

Spout

Claims (10)

1. Plant bed sewage treatment plant as a domestic sewage treatment plant for up to 50 residents with a multi-chamber pit ( 2 ), a plant clarification stage ( 4 ) and an outlet ( 9 ) for the cleaned waste water, characterized in that a distributor shaft ( 3 ) is arranged upstream of the plant clarification stage ( 4 ) and the plant clarification stage ( 4 ) consists of a number of standardized, prefabricated basins ( 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ), which are connected in parallel and are fed from the distribution shaft ( 3 ) in equal parts. 2. Plant bed sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the standardized, prefabricated basin ( 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ) is essentially a rectangular tub. 3. Plant bed sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the basin ( 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ) is made of concrete or plastic. 4. Plant bed sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the planting basin ( 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ) has a surface area of 3.00-7.50 m ² , preferably 6.00 m ² (1 to 2 , 5 people) and has a height of 1.00 m to 1.80 m. 5. Plant bed sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that a downstream clarifier ( 7 ) with a return pump line ( 8 ) to the multi-chamber pit ( 2 ) is provided at the outlet ( 9 ). 6. plant bed sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the multi-chamber pit ( 2 ) has at least one separate chamber ( 25 ) which is designed as a secondary settling tank, and a return pump line ( 6 ) is provided which cleaned the Waste water from the plant clarification stage ( 4 ) to the separated chamber ( 25 ) of the multi-chamber pit ( 2 ) conveys, the outlet ( 9 ) being connected to the separated chamber ( 25 ). 7. Plant bed sewage treatment plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each standardized plant basin ( 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ) an upper layer ( 45 ) as a coarse gravel fill for uniform distribution of the waste water, including a middle layer ( 46 ) as fine stepped bed of expanded clay for the plant root system and underneath a lower layer ( 47 ) are provided as a coarse gravel bed with drain pipes ( 49 ) for discharging the cleaned waste water. 8. plant bed sewage treatment plant according to claim 7, characterized in that the upper layer a thickness of about 30 cm of gravel (16-32 mm), the middle layer ( 46 ) a thickness of about 60-100 cm and the lower layer one 30 cm of gravel (16-32 or -64 mm). 9. Process for the treatment of waste water for up to 50 A. resident with a plant bed sewage treatment plant after one of claims 1 to 8, with a preliminary clarification stage and  a plant clarification stage, characterized in that that the wastewater from the primary clarification stage is equally divided is divided and in the plant clarification stage in several pools are processed in parallel. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the output from the plant clarification stage Waste water in a downstream clarification stage is treated and a muddy part of the Waste water is returned to the primary clarification stage.