DE19732564A1 - Transport conveyor for goods or suitcases - Google Patents

Abstract

The conveyor has transport elements receiving the goods or suitcases and moved between 2 discrete points via a linear motor (101), with a primary part (1) extending over the full transport path and a reaction part (4) associated with each transport element. The primary part has equi-spaced poles (11) with pole shoes (2,3) and individually controlled coils cooperating with spaced poles of each reaction part.

Description

The invention relates to a transport device for Goods or luggage, with the goods or luggage receiving, guided over a predetermined route Transport elements.

In transport systems there is often the problem that General cargo or goods from many spatially separated Exit stations to other ge from each other to separate destination stations in the shortest possible time are. When transporting luggage at airports for example, they are from different aircraft coming luggage for onward transport to others To transport aircraft. Because the size of the passenger size seem to increase the number of passengers, the times to change planes for the passengers However, if possible, they should not increase Transport devices or systems for luggage ever higher demands with regard to the transport ge speed and reliability.  

Transport devices for luggage at airports and Similar facilities mostly consist of central ones Conveyor belts, which over a variety of so-called subordinate bands about slides with luggage pieces are loaded. Other child bands in turn ensure that baggage is removed direct transport to their destinations. Same essen chain transport devices are known in which the individual luggage-carrying links with each other are connected. Again, the pieces of luggage have to to be able to take different paths on slides be dropped accordingly.

The disadvantages of these transport devices exist on the one hand in the low transport speed that for conveyor systems, for example, to values from 2 to 3 m / sec is technically limited. There is also a lack Flexibility as the transport capacities are not limited to the existing needs can be adjusted. At high baggage traffic results in a traffic jam, with little The tapes or chains are running empty. The Ener However, energy consumption is large and the tapes or Chains are subject to high wear.

To the speed and flexibility of this transport newer devices are used to improve devices Plant the way to create a system where each Baggage with its transport element individually goes its own way. This presupposes that the Transport element itself is driven individually. Accordingly, each piece of luggage has its own wagon assigned by a system of rails and switches each piece of luggage is independent of the other at its respective time destination. Every car is about one  readable code identifiable and in a central Computer system registered. For transport, it's like a wagon trained transport element with its own drive motor provided. In cars with an electric motor but now the problem of energy transfer because the Slip rings contaminated by coal dust forming zen and need to be serviced accordingly.

The invention is based on the object of a trans to create port device of the type mentioned, with the fast, reliable and inexpensive goods or Luggage transported from the starting point to the destination can be.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a Transport device of the type mentioned solved by a long stator linear motor with an over the entire route extending primary part and one each reaction part arranged on each transport element is characterized, the primary part being a sequence of evenly spaced from each other, at least one after the other other individually switchable poles made of pole shoes and spu len, which in the active, switched state with am Reaction part arranged, evenly spaced, Poles formed by pole pieces to produce a Interact forward movement of the transport element.

According to the invention, a transport device is ge create with which each transport element individually its way without the previously known expensive energy Transfer goes. Because of the use according to the invention The long-stator linear motor is a special one non-contact energy transfer between route and Transport element. By the primary part of the long stator Li  nearmotors in the route over its entire length is built, there are no path sections in which no influence on the reaction parts in the transport elements through the primary parts is possible. Corresponding it may be because of an obstacle or a Failure not to stop the transport elements come. The reaction parts are short and are located on the associated transport element. By successively switching the poles of the primary part, where the corresponding pole coils with electrical Electricity is supplied, a magnetic field is created that over the pole pieces of the reaction part and the switched ten poles and intermediate poles of the primary part closes. The resulting magnetic field strives for a minimum of its energy content and thus exerts a force effect on the iron parts of the magnetic circuit, which is a ver cuts the field lines. This force effect then becomes the forward movement of the transport element utilized. To the forward movement and the necessary to maintain the force effect, the poles with the forward movement of the corresponding transport element tes forwarded accordingly.

So that an optimal force can be achieved, are the poles of the reaction part and primary part a narrow air gap spaced from each other. As a result, the remains preferably only a few mm de Air gap during the entire run or the total same movement of the transport element. This is important because the magnetic field also penetrates the air gap must do what part of the energy used ver is turning.  

A control device is preferably for successive Switching the poles of the primary part is provided so that thereby targeted switching, d. H. On and off scarf ten, the pole for generating the for forward movement necessary magnetic field of the transport element possible is.

The transport device according to the invention thus has one Long stator linear motor in the form of a switched Reluctance motor (switch reluctance linear motor, SR-LIM) on.

So that each pole coil of one pole of the primary part is reliable sig can be supplied with electricity, every pole coil is included connected to its own voltage source. For switching is preferably an electrical switch between the pole coil and associated voltage source provided. Corresponding can reliably connect the voltage source and pole coil are manufactured or interrupted.

In training it is provided that the distances between between the poles of the reaction part are different. Due to this different pole division of reaction and primary part is thus for an optimal force effect worried. It is provided that the distances between the poles of the primary part larger than those are between the poles of the reaction part or else vice versa.

The ratio is preferably opposite each other lying poles of primary part and reaction part or Reaction part and primary part 8: 6 or 6: 4, so that 8 primary part poles each 6 reaction part poles over cover. Or there are 6 primary part poles on 4  Reaction part poles or 6 primary part poles to 8 react tion part poles or 4 primary part poles to 6 react tion part poles.

To generate a closed magnetic field are in a switching cycle for the transport element to be moved two poles of the primary part spaced apart from each other tet. This in the area of overlap with the reaction part lying poles ensure that the magnetic field over the poles of the reaction part and between the switched poles of the primary lying poles closes. Accordingly, the drive of the Force effect on the iron effecting the transport element parts of the magnetic circuit are generated. It has emphasized that the number of switching cycles for Relocation of the reaction part around one pole of the primary partly from the number of poles of the primary part and the reak tion part depends. There are 8 poles of the primary section on 6 Poles of the reaction part, there are three switching cycles for this necessary until conditions, i.e. H. the location the pole to each other, repeat. Generally there is Relation that with a number z of switching cycles up to to repeat the state a number of 2 × z-Pri market parts to 2 × (z + 1) reaction parts or 2 × z-Reak tion parts to 2 × (z + 1) primary parts is necessary. Further has shown that the optimal number of switching cycles 2 or 3.

To the force effect during the movement of the reaction partly and thus the transport element optimally upright it is important that the poles of the Primary part continued at the most convenient time be switched. There is preferably one for each sensor assigned to each pole for the detection of the respective  active area of the pole located reaction part intended. So the sensors are all along Route arranged, with a separate sensor for each pole heard. The reaction part gets into one for the force effective position, this is the sensor detected, and that of the sensor and the associated pole assigned electronic switch is turned on and the previously activated switch of the previously excited Poles open. In this way, a reliable continuous adhesion to generate the necessary maintain force. With the sensor it can are preferably an optical sensor or but a sensor that works on the eddy current principle tet. If it is an optical sensor, it can this works for example in the manner of a light barrier ten.

So that the sensors reliably in the effective range of the Transport located in the respective poles of the primary part can detect element, it is provided that the Senso ren are arranged laterally of the poles of the primary part and with a transducer protruding on the side of the reaction part interact rulers. The encoder ruler is there firmly connected to the transport element and preferably attached to the level of the sensors so that over a switch preferably arranged on the ruler cams this switch when approaching the sensor impulse to the associated electronic switch Excitation of the pole coil of the respective pole of the primary can give in part.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the Primary and reaction parts each made from punched and layered sheets in the form of laminated cores  forms are. The sheets are then before preferably around iron sheets, which turned into a sheet stack are stratified. The individual sheets of the sheet packs are in training isolated from each other and can by Gluing (insulating), but also by riveting or welding be connected.

The pole coils are preferably on the pole pieces of the Primary part pushed on and fastened there. The pole piece puts the inner core out of individual history represented sheets of the pole inside the pole coil and is obtained by punching out the individual laminated cores.

The pole coils are preferably by on a carrier partially applied windings formed and have a inner opening to slide onto the pole pieces. The windings are advantageous together with the Poured around the support part to create a fixed unit for opening slide onto the pole piece serving as the core.

In a preferred embodiment, the carrier part consists of thermoplastic on which the preferably windings made of lacquered copper wire are brought. To a compact and against damage and to preserve environmental protection the carrier part with applied windings and to the Coil ends specified contact pins in Weiterbil molded from thermoplastic.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the sensor, the associated switch and the contact pins for the electrical connection of the pole coil on a Carrier part attached printed circuit board  are arranged. Alternatively, the board can also be in Hybrid technology should be built. The corresponding board is then fixed to the support part and together with the Carrier part and the windings applied to it encapsulated in thermoplastic.

Further advantages and features of the invention result from the claims and from the following description exercise in which an embodiment with reference to the drawing is explained in detail. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a perspective front Teilan view of a long stator linear motor according to the invention for a trans port device;

FIG. 2 shows the long-stator linear motor from FIG. 1 in a perspective rear view;

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the long stator linear motor from Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a top and bottom view of a pole coil;

FIG. 5a is a top view of the long stator linear motor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5b is a front view of the long stator linear motor of Fig. 5a;

Fig. 5c is an enlarged detail view from

Fig. 5b;

Fig. 6 is a partial circuit diagram for controlling eight poles of the primary part;

Fig. 7a, 7b the course of the magnetic field in two active poles 1 and 5 of the primary part, and

FIG. 8a-8f six different duty cycles for generating a forward movement of the reaction member causing the force flow.

The long stator linear motor 101 according to the invention for a transport device shown in FIG. 1 has a long stator 1 serving as a primary part, which extends over the entire route for a transport element of the transport device. This primary part 1 has poles 11 which are evenly spaced from one another over the entire route. The poles 11 are each formed by a pole piece 2 as the core and a pole coil 3 pushed onto this core 2 . These pronounced, equidistantly arranged poles 11 can be switched individually or in groups one after the other and, in the active, switched state, cooperate with poles 5 which are arranged on a reaction part 4 arranged above the primary part 1 and are also equally spaced and formed by pole shoes. The poles 5 of the reaction part 4 lie at a distance from the poles 11 of the primary part 1 by an air gap 12 shown in FIG. 5c such that the poles 5 and the poles 11 are arranged opposite one another in the same plane. The air gap 12 is only a distance of a few mm between the poles 5 and 11 .

In particular Fig. 5c further shows, the distance A between the pole pieces 5 of the reaction part 4 is larger than the distance B between the pole pieces 2 of the poles 11 of the primary part 1. As particularly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, this leads in the illustrated embodiment to the reaction part 4 covering six poles 11 of the primary part 1 with six poles.

While only a primary part 1 extends over the entire route for the transport elements, the reaction parts 4 are each so short that they can be arranged on the underside of a transport element to be moved forward, such as a vehicle or wagon, and can be fixed.

The reaction part 4 and the primary part 1 are each formed from punched and stacked sheets in the form of a sheet stack. The sheets are sheet iron, these individual sheets of the sheet packs being insulated from one another and connected, for example, by gluing. The pole pieces 2 and 5 are obtained from these laminated cores by punching the laminated laminated cores. On the pole piece 2 of the primary part 1 , the pole coil 3 can then, as already said, be pushed up so as to form an active pole 11 .

For the description of the pole coils 3 , reference is made to FIG. 4 below. The pole coils 3 are obtained in that windings made of lacquered copper wire, which cannot be seen in the figure, are applied to a carrier part 8 made of thermoplastic plastic. In the middle, the carrier part 8 has an opening or recess 13 , by means of which the pole coil 3 can be pushed onto the pole piece 2 . Laterally of the rotating coil part 14 of the pole coil 3 , a wall part 15 protrudes from the narrow end of the coil part 14 , at the free end of which a downwardly projecting socket 16 with four contact pins 9 is arranged. These contact pins 9 are each connected to the winding ends and are used for the electrical connection of the pole coil 3 to a voltage source not shown Darge. At the top of the wall part 15 , a sensor 6 is arranged, by which it is determined whether the reaction part 4 is in the effective area of the pole 2 . The sensor 6 is net angeord at the end of the wall part 15 facing away from the socket 16 . In order to obtain a unit protected against damage and environmental influences, the entire arrangement is encapsulated with thermoplastic.

Between the sensor 6 and the voltage source, not shown, an electronic switch 7 (see FIG. 6) is also arranged. The sensor 6 , the contact pins 9 and the electronic switch 7 can be arranged on a common circuit board which is arranged in the interior of the wall 15 .

On the side of the reaction part 4 , a sensor ruler 10 , which also projects laterally, is provided above the sensor 6 and has switching cams 17 on its underside. By means of these switching cams 17 , the sensor ruler 10 is brought into contact with the sensor 6 to ensure that this gives a switching pulse to the electronic switch 7 for supplying current to the current coil 3 .

The operation of the long-stator linear motor 101 according to the invention is explained below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. In Fig. 6, the magnetic flux due to two ge switched poles, namely the first and fourth poles of the primary part 1 , caused in the primary part 1 and reaction part 4 is shown. In Fig. 8 is an illustration of the switching sequence of the poles 11 and the resulting position of the magnetic flux for forward movement of the reaction part 4 in the direction of the next pole is shown. This is based on an arrangement in which eight poles 11 of the primary part 1 six poles 5 of the reaction part 4 are omitted.

If the encoder ruler 10 reaches with its switching cam 17 into the area of the sensor 6 of the eighth pole of the primary part 1 in the exemplary embodiment shown, the sensor 6 transmits a switching pulse to the electronic switch ter 7 , whereby the pole coil 3 of the eighth pole of the primary part 1 is fed with electrical current. As FIGS. 6 to 8 also show, in this arrangement a further switching cam 17 approaches the sensor 6 of the fourth pole of the primary part 1 in the same way, so that the current coil 3 is also supplied with current here. In this way, a magnetic field is created (see FIG. 7), which closes via the poles of the reaction part 4 and between the fourth and eighth poles of the primary part 1 . A physical effect of the magnetic field is that it strives for a minimum of its energy content and exerts a force on the iron parts of the magnetic circuit, which leads to a shortening of the field lines. This force effect is then used to drive or move the transport element which is connected to the reaction part 4 .

In order to maintain this force effect necessary for the drive, the current coils of the poles of the primary part 1 have to be fed in accordance with the movement of the reaction part 4 and the poles have to be switched on. FIGS. 7a and 7b show the magnetic field at two different points in time. At time t ₁ ( Fig. 7a), the fourth and eighth poles are switched and exert a force on the reaction part 4 , which moves this in the direction of the arrow. With decreasing length of the field lines, the force effect also decreases. At time t ₂ ( FIG. 7b), the reaction part 4 has reached the position shown there. Now the current in the current coil of the eighth and fourth poles is switched off, and the subsequent poles, namely the seventh and third poles, are switched. The result is a new magnetic field linked to the third and seventh poles with a new starting point for the development of force. This can also be seen in FIGS. 8a and 8b.

As FIG. 8b also shows, at this point in time t ₂ the corresponding switching cam of the encoder ruler 10 has also reached the sensor 6 of the seventh and third poles of the primary part 1 .

As can also be seen in FIG. 8, there are three switching cycles with three different states for the reaction part 4 ( FIGS. 8a-8c). The fourth switching cycle in FIG. 8d again corresponds to the first switching cycle in FIG. 8a, since the reaction part 4 has now moved from the eighth to the ninth pole of the primary part 1 . The switching sequence of the poles is shown in FIG. 8a in the table below:

In general, it can be seen that the following relationship exists between the number of switching cycles of different states and the number of poles of the reaction part and primary part:

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the poles 11 of the reaction part are switched on at the most favorable time and thus activated. The magnetic flux is continuously maintained accordingly for moving the transport element forward.

Claims (27)

1. Transport device for goods or luggage with the goods or luggage receiving, over a predetermined route guided transport elements, characterized by a long-stator linear motor ( 101 ) with an extending over the entire route he primary part ( 1 ) and one arranged on each transport element Reaction part ( 4 ), wherein the primary part ( 1 ) has a sequence of equally spaced, at least one after the other individually switchable poles ( 11 ) made of pole pieces and coils ( 2 , 3 ), which in the active, switched state with the reaction part ( 4 ) angeord Neten, evenly spaced, formed by pole pieces poles ( 5 ) cooperate to produce a forward movement of the transport element. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the poles ( 5 , 11 ) of the reaction part ( 4 ) and primary part ( 1 ) through a narrow air gap ( 12 ) are aligned spaced opposite one another. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a control device for successive switching th the poles ( 11 ) of the primary part ( 1 ) 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each pole coil ( 3 ) is connected to its own voltage source. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized by a switch ( 7 ) between the pole coil ( 3 ) and associated voltage source. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the distances (B) between the poles ( 11 ) of the primary part ( 1 ) and the distances (A) between the poles ( 5 ) of the reaction part ( 4 ) different are. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of the respective opposite poles ( 11 ) of the primary part ( 1 ) and reaction part ( 4 ) or reaction part ( 4 ) and primary part ( 1 ) 8: 6 is. 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the distances between the poles of the primary part larger than those between the poles of the reak are part of. 9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the distances (B) between the poles ( 11 ) of the primary part ( 1 ) are smaller than those (A) between the poles ( 5 ) of the reaction part ( 4 ). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, there characterized in that the ratio varies because opposite poles of primary part and Reaction part or reaction part and primary part 10: 8 is. 11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that for generating a closed magnetic field in a switching cycle for the transport element to be moved, two spaced poles ( 11 ) of the primary part ( 1 ) are switched scarf. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by a sensor ( 6 ) assigned to each pole ( 11 ) for detection of the reaction part ( 4 ) located in the respective effective range of the pole ( 11 ). 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in net that the sensor is an optical sensor. 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized net that the sensor according to the eddy current principle is working. 15. Device according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the sensors ( 6 ) since the poles ( 11 ) of the primary part ( 1 ) are arranged and cooperate with a laterally on the reaction part ( 4 ) projecting ruler ( 10 ). 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the encoder ruler ( 10 ) has switching cams ( 17 ). 17. The device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the primary and reac tion part ( 1 , 4 ) are each formed from stamped and layered sheets in the form of laminated cores. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the pole shoes ( 2 , 5 ) of the poles ( 5 , 11 ) of the primary and reaction part ( 1 , 4 ) are obtained by punching out the laminated laminated cores. 19. The apparatus of claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the pole coils ( 3 ) on the pole shoes ( 2 ) of the primary part ( 1 ) are pushed and fastened. 20. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that the pole coils ( 3 ) by part on a support ( 8 ) are formed windings and have an inner opening ( 13 ) for sliding onto the pole pieces ( 2 ). 21. The apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the windings are cast with the carrier part ( 8 ). 22. The apparatus of claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the carrier part ( 8 ) is made of thermoplastic material. 23. The device according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the windings are made of painted copper wire. 24. The device according to claim 20 to 23, characterized in that the winding ends are connected to contact pins ( 9 ). 25. The device according to claim 20 to 22, characterized in that the carrier part ( 8 ) with applied windings and at the winding ends fixed contact pins ( 9 ) is overmolded by thermoplastic material. 26. Device according to one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that the sensor ( 6 ), the switch ( 7 ) and the contact pins ( 9 ) are arranged on a printed circuit board attached to the carrier part ( 8 ). 27. The device according to one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that the sensor, the switch and the contact pins on a carrier part brought circuit board with hybrid circuit arranged are.