DE19729918A1 - Security and / or value document - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a security and/or value document, especially a bank note, comprising security features and a verification element for verifying the security feature. The aim of the invention is to develop a generic security and/or value document which offers greater protection against counterfeiting and makes it easier to verify document authenticity without external aids. To this end, at least one verification element (2) and at least one security feature (3) verifiable by means of said verification element (2) is integrated into the document (1) at various points. The verification element (2) and the security element (3) are placed on top of each for verification only.

Description

The invention relates to a security and / or document of value according to the preamble of Claim 1.

In particular personal documents, banknotes, value papers, certificates, service cards, such as credit cards or the like, postage stamps, general products, the Authorized are often easy in one reproducible processes can be produced.  

It is desirable with these products, characteristics to bring in evidence of their authenticity, d. H. enable their originality.

The security features should be as inseparable as possible be associated with the product to be authorized and / or have properties that are difficult to are reproducing.

The manufacture and application of security notice paint for security and / or securities general state of the art.

A variety of security features are known such as fluorescent fibers / planchettes / colors, micro writings, moiree-generating structures, holograms and the like.

As a security feature in the to be protected Often produce special colors with spectral Special features or with magnetic properties or with temperature dependencies (thermochromic Colors). Darcode is used at which the reflectivity differences of the surface is used, or there are lattice structures or also foil antennas to take advantage of the resonance frequency applied in a resonant circuit.

Security documents are known from AU 488 652, where security features by means of transmitted light can be checked. Between plastic lanes is an optically variable security  element arranged, which has a transparent Viewed window in the cover sheet above can be. It is particularly disadvantageous that the attached security features only in the through light processes are visible to the naked eye, and that the material properties of the document are strong are changed.

It is also the introduction of only one transparent Window in banknotes known as a security feature (Australian banknotes).

DE 43 34 847 A1 includes a document of value Window described in which the carrier subsequently is provided with a window-like opening, which are closed with a transparent cover film is, the cover film in this area of the Window with additional security features is provided. The manufacture of the subsequent Break through the bearer of the security into one Window and the cover with a transparent Cover film, which in turn partially with a Security feature is technological complex and has an increase in the thickness of the Result in securities. The condition that areas of the Window must remain transparent in order to be bare Eye the security features in the transmitted light process being able to recognize limits the possibilities concealed security features. It is just like the known ones Window threads in banknotes around elements, which stand alone taken only as a security element,  but no other function. The well-known Windows can also take on their own Include security features.

The authenticity check of the known security features usually requires the use of special Devices, methods and in particular external ones Testing devices such as magnifying glasses for checking microwritings lenticular grid to check hidden, graphic elements, UV lamps for visualization of fluorescence, or the transmitted light process optical recognition of the security feature.

DE 36 09 090 A1 contains a security described stored security thread, which without technical aids can be checked visually. Of the Security thread consists of a transparent Material. A grid is out on a surface Cylinder lenses embossed. On the opposite The surface of the film of the thread is directly one Printed image applied. The print image is below Taking into account the optical properties of the Designed cylindrical lenses. By appropriate Design of the printed image can thus provide information be brought in only under certain Viewing angles are visible.

The disadvantage is that directly under the thread of paper is arranged so that the security feature only in Reflection and not be considered in transmission can. Security is only in the thread. The string forms a common security element.  

The invention is based on the object generic security and / or value document develop security against counterfeiting increased and simplified verification of documents authenticity are guaranteed without external aids.

The solution to this problem arises from the Features of claim l. By teaching of security features and means of verification such as Detectors for verifying the security features on or in a document it is achieved that none external tools to check the authenticity of the Document are required. It can be authenticity of, for example, those on a banknote Security features by for example with a or with several transparent windows on the same Banknote to be checked. The combination of Security features and a verification system on the same banknote increases their counterfeiting security, since the verification system is also too a security feature can be designed. For The authenticity can be checked by the show and Back of the banknote can be used. By appropriate folding of the banknote or any other document, which according to the regulation of Invention is formed, or by Stacking several banknotes, one can Security feature can be checked by the Security feature with the verification system, e.g. B. Window that is brought into effect with each other.  

It can be applied to the value document with the Verification element at various points in the Checked document security features checked become.

In a passport, for example, two can face each other horizontal pages for verification of the document to serve. You can do this with a page with the verification element ment, e.g. B. a lenticular film, partially or completely flat, the other side with the analy security feature, for example latent visible raster structures. By the authenticity becomes a suitable superimposition checked. Likewise, two banknotes, checks or two other similarly designed documents of value Authenticity can be checked.

The functionality of the in is decisive the document integrated window. It becomes essential no additional thickness of the document, because the detection means and the security features on a document in different places are arranged and not one above the other.

The preferred formation of the verification element as a detector / analyzer or decoder in the form one or more transparent windows or also a window with several analyzer areas Detection elements ensures a variety of Variants for checking the authenticity of a large number of possible security features.  

The verification elements on / in one or on / in several windows or in areas of a window are preferably formed from a clear, transparent material and preferably from the following groups:

• 1. The verification elements are formed by lenticular lenses / cylindrical lenses / wobble images and autostereoscopic devices which enable the visualization of optically coded security features or of structures applied by printing technology to the document, which are located in / on a transparent film or the like.
  The lenticular grid preferably consists of similar cylindrical lenses, which are arranged parallel to one another, preferably at the same distance (eg 200 μm). The focus of such a lenticular screen is preferably matched to the optical thickness of the transparent substrate material used.
  These cylindrical lenses can be made into a transparent material, e.g. B. PVC films are introduced, for. B. by stamping with a suitable master, they can also be produced by casting the film in a suitable shape, they can also be formed by specially shaped spray nozzles by extrusion in the film.
• 2. The verification elements are  Lenses or similar magnifying optical structures formed which is the detection of very small Font or graphic elements on the document enable.
• 3. The verification elements are formed by applied, preferably printed, fine graphic structures both on the film of a window and on part of the document.
  The window forms the mask for a "parallax-barrier display".
  When the corresponding areas are superimposed (window / security feature on the document), so-called moiree structures are created. The line or point grids on the window form a moiree structure with the corresponding line or point grids in the area of the security feature of the value document. The resulting moiree pattern is a characteristic security feature for the value document.
  If the windows are arranged in such a way that they lie one above the other when the document is folded, then it can be achieved that structures with exactly register produce a color or pattern change in the event of a relative shift.
• 4. The verification elements are formed by polarization filters.
  Two clear windows are preferably arranged side by side or a window is divided into two analyzer areas.
  The windows can be designed as two polarizers for viewing polarization stereo images.
  It can be achieved that at least one specially shaped window forms a "polaroid vectograph".
  Windows can be formed to create a contrast envelope between transmissive and opaque. Structures of this type can be realized by applying lambda-half regions to a linearly polarizing film, for example using suitably oriented films of the correct thickness:
• - The light and dark areas of an image are linearly polarizing areas with alternating horizontal and vertical polarization directions.
  Windows can be formed that implement a clear color change according to the "color shutter" principle.
• 5. The window is designed as an interference / color filter forms (transparent diffraction structures, multilayer Systems).

The transparent window is designed as a holographic filter that reflects a narrow spectral range, either

• - analogous to holographic laser safety glasses or
• - a mixed color appears in a different color,
• - a pure spectral color disappears.

Such a filter is also for two clear windows suitable, with the verification window in a holographic and a non-filtering adjacent part can be divided.

The windows are used as two color filters for the Viewing anaglyphs (stereo images) or as Prisms, preferably as gradient index prisms (possibly superchromatic), for a chroma stereoscopic image.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention

result from the subclaims.

The invention is based on in the Drawings shown embodiments of a Banknote explained in more detail as a value document. It demonstrate:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a banknote with a window and a security feature,

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two areas on the banknote as a verification element,

Fig. 2a shows the schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two regions shown in FIG. 2 for a dung Ausbil "Vectographen"

FIG. 2b shows the schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two regions shown in FIG. 2 for Ausbil dung of different patterns,

Fig. 2c is a schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two regions shown in FIG. 2 for a dung Ausbil chromastereoskopischen image,

Fig. 2d is a schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two regions shown in FIG. 2 for Ausbil dung of "lambda half" regions,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of two adjacent windows with different union verification elements,

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the generation of raster structures and

Fig. 5 shows the schematic representation of a banknote with windows at a corner.

According to the representation in FIG. 1, a document of value, e.g. B. a banknote 1 , formed with a transparent window 2 , which is used by the equipment with verification elements as a detector or the like to verify a security feature in an area 3 of the banknote 1 . The verification of the security feature in area 3 of banknote 1 takes place, for. B. by superimposing the two areas 2 and 3 .

In a first embodiment, the window 2 in FIG. 1 is provided with a lenticular element as a verification element. The orientation of the lens raster in the area of the window 2 and the correspon- ding printing technology generated grid as a security feature in area 3 of the banknote 1 must be coordinated such that the desired effects are visible when the areas 2 and 3 , z. B. by folding are brought to cover.

The printed raster structures as a security feature in area 3 can be produced with all printing methods used in security printing, preferably in the simultaneous offset method (letterset) due to the high resolution required.

In FIG. 4, a simple example of generation of grid structures in the form of the letter "D" is shown. By superimposing the lenticular grid in the window 2 with the line grid 4 in the area 3 , the clear image 7 of the letter "D" is created in the eye of the beholder.

Printed line structures in combination with embossing, which show so-called tilting effects (DE 23 34 702), and are preferably produced in intaglio printing, can be made visible by suitably superimposing areas 2 , 3 ( FIG. 1) of bank note 1 , whereby the area 2 must have the lens grid to increase the tilting effect.

The lenticular grid preferably consist of the same like cylindrical lenses that are parallel to each other, preferably at the same distance from z. B. 200 µm, are arranged.

These cylindrical lenses can be of several types in one transparent material, e.g. B. PVC film introduced , for example by pouring a foil on it a band with a profile in negative form or through the extrusion of lenticular grids through special shaped spray nozzles, e.g. B. Wide slot nozzles.

The cylindrical lenses can still be stamped with a suitable pattern or by rolling out Foils between rolls with a corresponding Negative profile can be produced.

Gradient index lenses can be made from bleached silver  halide layers or photopolymers formed become.

In a second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the verification element in the window 2 of the bank note 1 is by Fresnel lenses or by similar magnifying optical structures which place the recognition of very small fonts or graphic elements in the area 3 on the document 1 by means of suitable superimposition the areas 2 , 3 allow formed. Here is the very small thickness of the Fresnel lenses with a good magnification of the magnifying glass, z. B. 5 to 10 times, a crucial advantage for integration in substrate materials.

According to a third exemplary embodiment, the verification element in the window 2 of the bank note 1 in FIG. 1 is formed by fine line structures which are also formed on part of the document 1 in the area 3 . When the corresponding areas 2 and 3 of the document 1 are superimposed, so-called moiree structures are produced in this way. Examples of moiré-generating patterns are described in DE 28 19 640, DE 23 24 702, DE 26 03 558, DE 36 02 563.

The verification element in the window 2 can be a printed line or dot matrix for a visual decryption / encryption method for a bank note 1 . In addition to printing fine dots and / or lines, there is also the possibility of punching or perforating area 2 (window) of document 1 , preferably by means of laser perforation, so that areas 2 and 3 of bank note 1 , e.g. B. is generated by folding, a moiree pattern. The area 3 of the banknote 1 can be a transparent material with line / raster imprint, an opaque material with line / raster imprint or an area with a suitable perforation, preferably a laser perforation.

In a fourth embodiment, a polarization filter is placed on / in a preferably transparent film material as a verification element in area 2 , e.g. B. a banknote 1 , in combination with a wide ren, similarly designed polarization filter in the loading area 3 integrated. The polarization filter in area 3 is preferably perpendicular or parallel to the polarization filter in area 2 and acts as an analyzer, so that by suitably superimposing areas 2 and 3 of banknote 1 and rotating areas 2 and 3 lying one against the other, the optical transparency (bright / dark) changes or changes.

Another embodiment is formed in that an additional dichroic (birefringent), graphically structured layer, z. B. on one of the two polarization filters in the areas 2 , 3 . B. is applied by printing, sputtering, casting and the like. So that by appropriately superimposing the areas 2 , 3 of the banknote 1 and rotation of the areas 2 , 3 lying on top of each other, a graphic element, for. B. a font is visible.

A further embodiment is achieved by replacing one of the two polarization filters in regions 2 , 3 by a reflective layer, a dichroic, graphically structured layer being additionally applied to this reflective layer. By suitably superimposing the areas 2 , 3 of the bank note 1 and rotating the superimposed areas 2 , 3 against each other, a graphic element, for. B. a font, visible.

A further embodiment provides for one of the two polarization filters to be replaced by a reflective layer, a di-chroic, graphically structured layer additionally being applied to this reflective layer. This birefringent transparent layer can preferably be formed from a liquid crystal-containing film. By suitably superimposing the areas 2 , 3 of the banknote 1 , z. B. by folding, and by rotating the superimposed areas against each other is a graphic element, for. B. a font, visible.

For many verification effects, it is desirable to simply and quickly bring two different types of verification elements over the security feature. This often makes it easier to perceive a change in the event of movement or color change effects. It facilitates verification in cases where rotation of the verification element relative to the security feature is required. Such a rotation would be very impractical for a single verification window 2 . To remedy these problems, the division of the verification window 2 into two adjoining analyzer areas ( FIGS. 2, 2a to 2d) or the arrangement of two adjoining windows 2 ( FIG. 3) with different verification elements are proposed.

In FIG. 2c shows an embodiment of a window 2 is shown as a verification element in the clear on the banknote 1 as the verification elements comprise at least two analyzer areas 5, 6 are arranged side by side as a window 2. The analyzer areas 5 , 6 are preferably designed as holographic prisms, if possible as superchromatic prisms, for a so-called chromastereoscopic image. The prisms are preferably designed as gradient index prisms in the form of thin film materials.

An embodiment according to FIG. 2a provides that the at least two clear analyzer areas 5 , 6 arranged next to one another are formed in a window 2 as a so-called "Vectrograph". A "Vectograph" consists of two laminated polyvinyl alcohol foils, which form linear polarization filters when they are printed with iodide inks. The two foils are oriented in such a way that the front side forms a vertical polarization when in contact with the iodide color and the back side in horizontal contact when in contact with the iodide color ( FIGS. 2a, 2b). A selected first pattern, e.g. B. a square 10 ( Fig. 2a, 2b), and on the back a selected second pattern, z. B. a star 11 ( Fig. 2a, 2b), printed. When viewing the superimposed foils with a linear analyzer (window 2 , area 5 of FIGS. 2a, 2b), the first pattern (square 10 ) appears when the analyzer 5 is oriented horizontally and the second pattern when the analyzer 6 is oriented vertically ( Star 11 ). Color changes can also be implemented.

A shared in this type verification window 2 with Analysatorbereichen 5, 6 saves the rotation of the window 2, the window 2 is only moved.

Areas 5 , 6 of similar shape can be formed between transmitting and opaque in order to implement a contrast change. Such structures can be realized in that on a linearly polarizing film 8 ( FIG. 2d) so-called "lambda half" areas 9 (phase plates with a phase shift of 180 ° between ordinary and extraordinary beam), for example by suitably oriented film materials the correct thickness, are applied ( Fig. 2 d). In these areas, the direction of polarization is rotated by 90 °. This effect is particularly impressive with surface fill patterns. Similar structures are used to achieve a clear color change based on the principle of the so-called "color shutter".

In a further embodiment of the verification element (s) in the window 2 of the banknote 1 , interference / color filters, generally transparent diffraction structures, multilayer systems are used.

The interference / color filters are formed in / on a preferably transparent film material or consist of this material. The filters are integrated on, for example, a bank note 1 in area 2 in combination with a colored graphic element in area 3 . By suitably superimposing the areas 2 , 3 of the banknote 1 , a certain spectral range in the graphic element, for. B. font, hidden by the area 2 or left, so that a color impression deviates from the original color.

As an interference / color filter, both colored, transparent materials as well as transparent ones Materials with e.g. B. vaporized / sputtered, printed colors are used.

In a further embodiment, at least two clear analyzer areas 5 , 6 are arranged next to one another in accordance with the representation in FIGS . 2 and 3. These areas 5 , 6 are designed as at least two color filters for viewing so-called anaglyphs (stereo images), the anaglyphs being located on area 3 of bank note 1 . A stereo impression is created by suitably superimposing areas 5 , 6 and 3 at a certain distance from one another.

All windows can be in any shape, preferably in a shape that corresponds to the type of Verifi cation element best, so also thread-like or, as shown in Fig. 5, triangular.

The windows can be formed anywhere in the document, including at a corner of the document, as shown in FIG. 5 by way of example, they only have to meet the condition that security features and verification elements for verifying the security feature in an operative connection can be brought together, for example by folding, twisting, stacking one or more documents.

The superimposition can be in direct contact or in in some cases even at a distance between the Security feature and the verification element respectively.  

Reference list

1

Security document / banknote

2nd

Area (window / verifier)

3rd

Area (security feature)

4th

Line grid

5

Analyzer area

6

Analyzer area

7

image

8th

Polarizing film

9

"Lamda half" area

10th

square

11

star

Claims (22)

1. Security and / or value document, in particular bank note, with security features and with a verification element for verifying the security feature, characterized in that in the document ( 1 ) at different points at least one verification element ( 2 ) and at least one with this verification element ( 2 ) verifiable security feature ( 3 ) are integrated, the verification element ( 2 ) and the security element ( 3 ) being brought one above the other only for verification. 2. Security and / or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one security feature ( 3 ) is formed on the front and / or back. 3. Security and / or value document according to claim 2, characterized in that the security feature ( 3 ) is formed by at least one window. 4. Security and / or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one verifi cation element ( 2 ) is formed on the front and / or on the back. 5. Security and / or document of value according to claim 4, characterized in that the verification element ( 2 ) is formed by at least one window. 6. Security and / or document of value according to claim 4, characterized in that the verification element ( 2 ) is designed as a strip on an edge of the document ( 1 ). 7. Security and / or value document according to claim 4, characterized in that a corner of the document ( 1 ) is designed as a verification element ( 2 ). 8. Security and / or document of value according to claim 5, characterized in that the verification element ( 2 ) through at least one window with at least one transparent area and with verification means such as lenses, graphic elements, polarization filters, color filters, interference filters, holograms, perforated areas is formed. 9. Security and / or document of value according to claim 8, characterized in that the verification element ( 2 ) is formed by at least one window with at least two areas ( 5 , 6 ) with verification means. 10. Security and / or value document according to claim 8, characterized in that the lenses lenticular lenses / cylindrical lenses or Fresnel Lenses or gradient index lenses are. 11. Security and / or value document according to claim 8, characterized in that the window ( 2 ) forms a mask for a parallax-barrier display. 12. Security and / or document of value according to claim 8, characterized in that the window ( 2 ) forms the line or dot matrix for a visual decoding process with lines or dots. 13. Security and / or value document according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one window ( 2 ) is designed as a holographic filter which reflects a narrow spectral range. 14. Security and / or value document according to claim 9, characterized in that the verification window ( 2 ) is arranged side by side in a holographic and in a non-filtering area ( 5 , 6 ). 15. Security and / or value document according to claim 9, characterized in that the verification window ( 2 ) is formed side by side in two color filter areas ( 5 , 6 ) for viewing anaglyphs. 16. Security and / or value document according to claim 9, characterized in that the verification window ( 2 ) lying side by side in areas ( 5 , 6 ) with prisms for a chromastereoscopic image, in particular with gradient index prisms, is formed. 17. Security and / or value document according to claim 9, characterized in that the verification window ( 2 ) has a mask for a security feature ( 3 ) for generating a parallax barrier display. 18. Security and / or document of value according to claim 9, characterized in that the verification window ( 2 ) is formed side by side in two areas ( 5 , 6 ) with polarizers for viewing polarization stereo images. 19. Security and / or value document according to claim 9, characterized in that the areas ( 5 , 6 ) of the verification window ( 2 ) form a vectograph. 20. Security and / or value document according to claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the analyzer areas ( 5 , 6 ) of the verification window ( 2 ) are formed separately in two adjacent windows. 21. Security and / or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the verification element ( 2 ) and the security feature ( 3 ) of the document ( 1 ) by folding the document ( 1 ) for verifying the security feature ( 3 ) brought together and are mechanically recognizable in this operative connection. 22. Security and / or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the verification element ( 2 ) of a document ( 1 ) and the security feature ( 3 ) of another document ( 1 ) for verifying the security feature ( 3 ) are brought one above the other.