DE19700518C2 - Device and method for deforming thermoplastic material for connecting two components - Google Patents
Device and method for deforming thermoplastic material for connecting two componentsInfo
- Publication number
- DE19700518C2 DE19700518C2 DE19700518A DE19700518A DE19700518C2 DE 19700518 C2 DE19700518 C2 DE 19700518C2 DE 19700518 A DE19700518 A DE 19700518A DE 19700518 A DE19700518 A DE 19700518A DE 19700518 C2 DE19700518 C2 DE 19700518C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- light
- adjusting screw
- arrangement
- components
- exit surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 34
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
- B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/843—Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
- B29C66/8432—Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
- B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
- B29C65/1619—Mid infrared radiation [MIR], e.g. by CO or CO2 lasers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1687—Laser beams making use of light guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73113—Thermal conductivity
- B29C66/73114—Thermal conductivity of different thermal conductivity, i.e. the thermal conductivity of one of the parts to be joined being different from the thermal conductivity of the other part
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verformen von thermoplastischen Material, das der festen Verbindung zwischen wenigstens zwei Bauteilen dient, mit einem Kopfteil, das druckbeaufschlagt mit dem zu verformenden Material in Kontakt bringbar ist und über das ein für die thermoplastische Verformung erforderlicher Energieeintrag in das Material erfolgt, wobei das Kopfteil über eine lichtleitende Anordnung mit einer Lichtquelle verbunden ist und eine Lichtaustrittsfläche aufweist, die derart bemessen ist, daß über die Lichtaustrittfläche gezielt Lichtenergie an den Ort des zu verformenden thermoplastischen Materials deponierbar ist. The invention relates to an apparatus and method for deforming thermoplastic material, the firm connection between at least two Components is used with a head part that is pressurized with the part to be deformed Material can be brought into contact and via the one for thermoplastic deformation required energy input into the material takes place, the head part over a light-conducting arrangement is connected to a light source and a Has light exit surface, which is dimensioned such that over the light exit surface targeted light energy to the location of the thermoplastic material to be deformed can be deposited.
Das Verbinden zweier Bauteile stellt in der Montage feinwerktechnischer und mikrotechnischer Produkte eine alltägliche Aufgabe dar, die es in Abhängigkeit der zu verfügenden Bauteile mit Hilfe an sich bekannter Fügetechniken zu lösen gilt. Häufig werden Bauteile, die vorzugsweise aus Metall gefertigt sind, in vorbereitete Kunststoffspritzgußteile eingesetzt. Eine feste Verfügung bzw. Fixierung der Metallbauteile in den Kunststoffspritzgußteilen erfolgt in aller Regel durch Kunststoffnieten, die an geeigneten Stellen des Kunststoffspritzgußteiles vorgesehen sind. Die Metallteile weisen an den Stellen, an denen am Kunststoffspritzgußteil Kunststoffnieten vorgesehen sind korrespondierende Öffnungen auf, sodaß die Metallteile über die angespritzten Kunststoffstifte gesetzt werden können, die anschließend thermisch umgeformt werden, wodurch eine feste Verbindung zwischen dem Metallteil und dem Kunststoffspritzgußkörper erzielbar ist.The connection of two components makes the assembly more precise microtechnical products is an everyday task that depends on the available components to be solved using known joining techniques. Components that are preferably made of metal are often prepared Plastic injection molded parts used. A firm decision or fixation of the Metal components in the plastic injection molded parts are usually made by Plastic rivets provided at suitable locations on the plastic injection molded part are. The metal parts point at the points on the plastic injection molded part Plastic rivets are provided on corresponding openings, so that the Metal parts can be placed over the molded plastic pins that then be thermoformed, creating a firm bond can be achieved between the metal part and the plastic injection molded body.
Mit Hilfe eines geeigneten Werkzeuges werden die einzelnen Kunststoffnieten erwärmt und entsprechend druckbeaufschlagt, so daß sie sich innerhalb und gegen die Öffnungen, die in dem Metallteil vorgesehen sind, verformen. Das Erwärmen und Andrücken der Kunststoffstifte erfolgt mit Hilfe sogenannter Ultraschallaggregate, bei denen die Energie zum Schmelzen des Kunststoffes über eine Sonotrode eingebracht wird.With the help of a suitable tool, the individual plastic rivets heated and pressurized accordingly, so that they are inside and against deform the openings provided in the metal part. Warming and The plastic pins are pressed on with the help of so-called ultrasound units which the energy for melting the plastic via a sonotrode is introduced.
Sonotroden sind aus Gründen der besseren Haltbarkeit aus Titan gefertigte Werkzeuge, die aufgrund der hochwertigen Werkstoffwahl erheblich den Kostenfaktor in der Werkzeugtechnik bestimmen. In Abhängigkeit der unterschiedlichen Bauteilgeometrien der zu verfügenden Bauteile sowie der Anzahl der zu fügenden Schweißpunkte, ist für jede Applikation eine eigene Sonotrode herzustellen. Bereits aus Gründen wirtschaftlicher Überlegungen stellt ein derartiges Fügeverfahren mit Hilfe der vorstehend geschilderten Ultraschallaggregate eine sehr kostspielige Variante der Fügetechnik dar.Sonotrodes are made of titanium for better durability Tools that significantly increase the Determine the cost factor in tool technology. In dependency of different component geometries of the available components and the number the welding points to be joined is a separate sonotrode for each application to manufacture. This is the case for economic reasons alone Joining process with the help of the ultrasound units described above a very costly variant of the joining technology.
Tragen überdies die zu verfügenden Bauteile sogenannte funktionelle Gruppen, die beispielsweise aus mechanisch empfindlichen elektronischen Schaltkreisen bestehen, so kann das vorstehend beschriebene Ultraschall-Schweißverfahren zu einer nachhaltigen Beeinflussung der späteren Funktion der einzelnen Schaltkreise bis hin zu einem Ausfall der einzelnen Komponenten führen.In addition, the components available carry so-called functional groups, the for example from mechanically sensitive electronic circuits exist, the ultrasonic welding process described above can a lasting influence on the later function of the individual circuits lead to failure of the individual components.
Neben der Verwendung von Ultraschallenergie ist auch der Einsatz von Lichtenergie zum Verfügen zweier Bauteile unter Verwendung von thermoplastischen Materialien bekannt. So geht aus der GB 2 278 571 A ein Verfahren zur Verbindung zweier Bauteile hervor, die über einen thermisch verformbaren Stift verbunden sind. Durch gezielte Wärmeeinstrahlung mit Hilfe einer Lampe schmilzt der Stift auf und vermag die beiden Bauteile miteinander zu verfügen.In addition to the use of ultrasonic energy, there is also the use of light energy for disposing two components using thermoplastic materials known. GB 2 278 571 A thus describes a method for connecting two Components that are connected via a thermally deformable pin. By Targeted heat radiation with the help of a lamp melts and can to have the two components together.
Aus der europäischen Druckschrift EP 0 159 170 A2 geht eine Vorrichtung zum Verfügen zweier plattenförmiger Bauelemente aus unterschiedlichem Harzmaterial hervor. Mit Hilfe einer geeigneten Lichtleiteranordnung werden beide aufeinander liegenden Bauteile lokal aufgeschmolzen, wobei das aufgeschmolzene Material eine Art Kraterrand bildet, der bereits die beiden Bauteile miteinander in eine feste Verbindung zu bringen vermag. In vorteilhafter Weise können beide Bauteile auch mit geeigneten, aufschmelzbarem, thermoplastischen Pulver in Verbindung gebracht werden, wie es beispielsweise die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 8 der Druckschrift zeigt. Zwar kann der Druckschrift entnommen werden, daß zum Verfügen zweier Bauteile Licht an Stellen thermoplastischen Materials eingesetzt werden kann, doch bleibt offen, ob und auf welche Weise eine gezielte Druckbeaufschlagung auf die zu verbindende Stelle mit Hilfe der in der Druckschrift beschriebenen Lichtleiteranordnung erfolgt.A device for disposing two plate-shaped components made of different resin material emerges from European publication EP 0 159 170 A2. With the aid of a suitable light guide arrangement, the two components lying on top of one another are melted locally, the melted material forming a kind of crater rim which is already able to bring the two components into a fixed connection with one another. Advantageously, both components can also be combined with suitable, meltable, thermoplastic powder, as is shown, for example, by the embodiment according to FIG. 8 of the document. Although it can be seen from the publication that light can be used at locations of thermoplastic material for disposing two components, it remains open whether and in what way a targeted pressurization of the location to be connected takes place with the aid of the light guide arrangement described in the publication.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Verformen von thermoplastischem Material, vorzugsweise Kunststoffnieten, die der festen Verbindung zwischen wenigstens zwei Bauteilen dienen, mit einem Kopfteil, das druckbeaufschlagt mit dem zu verformenden Material in Kontakt bringbar ist und über das ein für die thermoplastische Verformung erforderlicher Energieeintrag in das Material erfolgt, derart weiterzubilden, so daß zum einen die Herstellkosten einer derartigen Vorrichtung erheblich reduziert werden sollen. Insbesondere soll während des Verformens eine gezielt dosierte Druckbeaufschlagung auf die Fügestelle erfolgen, um die Fügeverbindung zu verbessern ohne dabei zuviel oder zuwenig Druck auf die Verbindungsstelle auszuüben. Für die Fügeverbindung sollen handelsübliche Werkstoffe verwendet werden können, deren Kostenfaktor nur eine untergeordnete Rolle hinsichtlich der Herstellkosten derartiger Vorrichtung spielen soll. Ferner soll der für die plastische Verformung erforderliche Energieeintrag möglichst lokal auf die zu verfügenden Stellen begrenzt sein, ohne daß das unmittelbare Umfeld der Fügestelle negativ beeinflußt wird.The object of the invention is a device and a method for deforming thermoplastic material, preferably plastic rivets, that of the solid Serve connection between at least two components, with a head part, the pressurized can be brought into contact with the material to be deformed and over which is a necessary energy input for the thermoplastic deformation in the Material is developed in such a way that, on the one hand, the manufacturing costs of a such device should be significantly reduced. In particular, during of the deformation a targeted dose of pressure on the joint done to improve the joint connection without too much or too little Apply pressure to the joint. For the joint connection should commercially available materials can be used, the cost factor of which is only one play a minor role with regard to the manufacturing costs of such a device should. Furthermore, the energy input required for the plastic deformation should be limited as locally as possible to the positions available without the the immediate vicinity of the joint is negatively affected.
Die Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe ist in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen 1 und 13 angegeben. Anspruch 1 bezieht sich auf eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Verformen von thermoplastischem Material, Anspruch 13 auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer vorteilhaft ausgebildeten Vorrichtung zum Verformen thermoplastischen Materials. Die den Erfindungsgedanken vorteilhaft weiterbildenden Merkmale sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The solution to the problem underlying the invention is in the independent Claims 1 and 13 indicated. Claim 1 relates to a Device according to the invention for deforming thermoplastic material, Claim 13 to a method for producing an advantageously trained Device for deforming thermoplastic material. The advantageous the inventive idea further education features are the subject of the subclaims.
Durch die Entwicklung neuartiger Strahlungsquellen im Hochleistungsbereich, beispielsweise Diodenlaser sowie diodengepumpte Festkörperlaser, kann die Technologie des Kunststoffnietens vereinfacht und im Bezug auf eine Beeinflussung der Bauteile deutlich verbessert werden.By developing new types of radiation sources in the high-performance range, For example, diode lasers and diode-pumped solid-state lasers can Technology of plastic riveting simplified and in terms of influencing of the components can be significantly improved.
Das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Prinzip beruht auf dem Aufschmelzen der Kunststoffstifte durch Erwärmen mit Lichtstrahlung, vorzugsweise Laserstrahlung und gleichzeitiges Umformen des Kunststoffstiftes durch Andrücken des Stiftes mit beispielsweise der Lichtleitfaser, durch die das Licht auf den Kunststoffstift geführt wird.The principle underlying the invention is based on the melting of Plastic pens by heating with light radiation, preferably laser radiation and simultaneous shaping of the plastic pin by pressing the pin with for example the optical fiber through which the light is guided onto the plastic pin becomes.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Vorrichtung zum Verformen von thermoplastischen Material, das der festen Verbindung zwischen wenigstens zwei Bauteilen dient, mit einem Kopfteil, das druckbeaufschlagt mit dem zu verformenden Material in Kontakt bringbar ist und über das ein für die thermoplastische Verformung erforderlicher Energieeintrag in das Material erfolgt, wobei das Kopfteil über eine lichtleitende Anordnung mit einer Lichtquelle verbunden ist und eine Lichtaustrittsfläche aufweist, die derart bemessen ist, daß über die Lichtaustrittfläche gezielt Lichtenergie an den Ort des zu verformenden thermoplastischen Materials deponierbar ist, dadurch weitergebildet, daß das Kopfteil aus einer Justierschraube, einer Führungshülse, einer Federanordnung sowie aus einer Haltehülse, die die lichtleitende Anordnung fest umfasst, besteht, daß die Justierschraube und die Führungshülse über ein Gewinde verbunden sind, daß die lichtleitende Anordnung die Justierschraube und die Führungshülse zentrisch durchsetzt und die lichtleitende Anordnung relativ zur Justierschraube und der Führungshülse in ihrer Achsrichtung bewegbar ist, und daß zwischen der Haltehülse und der Justierschraube eine Feder vorgesehen ist, die die lichtleitende Anordnung umgibt und mit ihrem einen Federende an der Haltehülse und mit ihrem anderen Ende an der Justierschraube oder einer Zwischenscheibe anliegt, die zwischen Justierschraube und Feder derart vorgesehen ist, daß die Zwischenscheibe in Art eines Paßsitzes die lichtleitende Anordnung umgibt.According to the invention is a device for deforming thermoplastic Material that serves the fixed connection between at least two components with a head part that is pressurized in contact with the material to be deformed is feasible and the one necessary for thermoplastic deformation Energy input into the material takes place, the head part via a light-guiding Arrangement is connected to a light source and has a light exit surface, which is dimensioned such that targeted light energy to the Location of the thermoplastic material to be deformed is thereby deposited further developed that the head part from an adjusting screw, a guide sleeve, a spring arrangement and a holding sleeve that the light-guiding arrangement firmly includes that the adjusting screw and the guide sleeve over one Thread are connected that the light-guiding arrangement, the adjusting screw and passes through the guide sleeve centrally and the light-guiding arrangement relative to Adjusting screw and the guide sleeve is movable in its axial direction, and that a spring is provided between the holding sleeve and the adjusting screw surrounds the light-guiding arrangement and with its one spring end on the holding sleeve and with its other end on the adjusting screw or an intermediate washer is present, which is provided between the adjusting screw and spring such that the The washer surrounds the light-guiding arrangement in the manner of a snug fit.
Durch die gezielte Lichtapplikation auf die zu verformende Verbindungsstellen ist eine Verfügung zweier Bauteile ohne eine nachhaltige Beeinflussung des unmittelbaren Umfeldes der Fügestelle möglich. Hierbei wird Licht unmittelbar auf eine Kunstsoff-Niete deponiert, wodurch die Niete lokal aufgeschmolzen wird.Through the targeted light application to the joints to be deformed disposal of two components without lasting influence on the possible in the immediate vicinity of the joint. Here, light is immediately on a plastic rivet is deposited, which locally melts the rivet.
Um Materialanhaftungen an der Lichtaustrittsfläche des Lichtleitfaserbündels durch aufgeschmolzenes Material zu vermeiden, ist vorzugsweise eine optisch transparente Zwischenschicht zwischen der zu verformenden Kunststoffniete und der Lichtaustrittsfläche des Lichtleitfaserbündels vorzusehen.To prevent material buildup on the light exit surface of the optical fiber bundle Avoiding melted material is preferably an optical one transparent intermediate layer between the plastic rivet to be deformed and the Provide light exit surface of the optical fiber bundle.
Alternativ dazu ist der Bereich zur Lichtaustrittsfläche des Lichtleitfaserbündels durch einen massiven Glasstab bzw. durch ein massives, optisch transparentes Material auszuformen. Alternatively, the area to the light exit surface of the optical fiber bundle is through a solid glass rod or through a solid, optically transparent material form.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sieht ein Kopfteil vor, das eine die Lichtleitfaser umgebende Justierschraube und eine damit verbundene Führungshülse aufweist, die in Faserlängsachse beweglich angeordnet sind. Unmittelbar der Justierschraube nachgeordnet ist eine die Lichtleitfaser umgebende Feder, die einseitig an einer fest am Außenumfang des Glasfaserbündels angebrachten Haltehülse ein festes Gegenlager vorfindet. Die Lichtaustrittsfläche des Lichtleitfaserbündels ragt dabei etwas über die das Bündel umgebende Führungshülse hinaus, so daß das Glasfaserbündel durch Absenken der Justierschraube respektive Führungshülse dosiert druckbeaufschlagt gegen eine thermoplastisch zu verformende Stelle gesenkt werden kann. Eine weitergehende Beschreibung des derart ausgebildeten Kopfteiles sowie seine Funktionsweise erfolgt im Rahmen der Figurenbeschreibung.The device according to the invention provides a head part, the one the optical fiber surrounding adjusting screw and an associated guide sleeve, the are arranged movably in the fiber longitudinal axis. Immediately the adjusting screw downstream is a spring surrounding the optical fiber, which is fixed on one side to a on the outer circumference of the fiber optic bundle, a fixed holding sleeve Finds counter bearing. The light exit surface of the optical fiber bundle protrudes something beyond the guide sleeve surrounding the bundle, so that the Glass fiber bundle by lowering the adjusting screw or guide sleeve dosed pressurized against a thermoplastic to be deformed can be. A further description of the head part designed in this way as well as its functioning takes place within the framework of the description of the figures.
Der Kopfteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bietet darüberhinaus die erfindungsgemäße Möglichkeit, mehrere Vorrichtungen zum Verformen von thermoplastischem Material miteinander in einem fest vorgegebenen räumlichen Bezug zu bringen, der einer entsprechenden Vielzahl von zu verfügenden Nieten, die an den zu verbindenden Bauteilen vorgesehen sind, entspricht.The head part of the device according to the invention also offers the Possibility according to the invention, several devices for deforming thermoplastic material with each other in a fixed predetermined spatial Of a corresponding variety of rivets available, the are provided on the components to be connected.
Erfindungsgemäß sind zur Herstellung einer derartigen räumlich festen Anordnung, bestehend aus einer Vielzahl von erfindungsgemäßen Fügevorrichtungen, folgende Schritte durchzuführen:According to the invention, in order to produce such a spatially fixed arrangement, consisting of a variety of joining devices according to the invention, the following Steps to perform:
Zwei zu verfügende Bauteile werden zusammengesetzt und wenigstens die Bereiche, in denen die beiden Bauteile miteinander zu verfügen sind, mit einer Gußform umschlossen. Zunächst wird in die Gußform eine Trennschicht, beispielsweise eine Silikonschicht, eingebracht. Anschließend werden an den Stellen, an denen zur Verfügung der beiden Bauteile Kunststoffstifte vorgesehen sind, die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen zum Verformen positioniert. In einem weiteren Schritt wird der Rest der Gußform mit vorzugsweise einem selbsthärtenden Material ausgefüllt, das nach seinem Erhärten den einzelnen erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen eine unverrückbare räumliche Zuordnung garantiert. Nach dem Erstarren des Materials wird die auf diese Weise erhaltene erhärtete Form, in der die Kopfteile der einzelnen Fügevorrichtungen ausschließlich an der Außenwand der Justierschraube und Haltehülse gefaßt sind, von den zu verbindenden Bauteilen abgenommen und man erhält auf diese Weise ein Gesamtfügewerkzeug, das der Negativform von zwei zu verfügenden Bauteilen entspricht und einzelne Fügewerkzeuge überall dort vorsieht, an denen die zu verfügenden Bauteile Fügeverbindungen vorsehen. Die Vielzahl in der erhärteten Form eingebrachten Fügewerkzeuge können gleichzeitig oder nacheinander mit Licht beaufschlagt werden, so daß die einzelnen Fügevorgänge kontrolliert und gesteuert ablaufen können.Two available components are put together and at least the Areas in which the two components are to be used with one another Mold enclosed. First, a separating layer is placed in the mold, for example, a silicone layer. Then the Places where plastic pins are provided for the two components are positioned for deforming devices according to the invention. In one Another step is the rest of the mold, preferably with a self-curing Filled material that after hardening the individual according to the invention Devices guaranteed an immovable spatial assignment. After this Solidification of the material becomes the hardened form obtained in this way, in which the Head parts of the individual joining devices only on the outer wall of the Adjusting screw and holding sleeve are taken from the components to be connected removed and you get a total joining tool that the Negative form of two available components corresponds to and individual Joining tools provides everywhere where the available components Provide joint connections. The multitude brought in the hardened form Joining tools can be exposed to light simultaneously or one after the other be so that the individual joining processes are controlled and controlled can.
Als Lichtquellen werden vorzugsweise unterschiedliche Laserstrahlquellen eingesetzt, wie z. B. Diodenlaser, Nd:YAG-Laser, COT2T-Laser und in Abhängigkeit des verwendeten Kunststoffes Laser, die für eine erhöhte Absorption eine entsprechende Wellenlänge aufweisen. Darüberhinaus können auch andere Strahlungsquellen, wie z. B. Xenonlampen, mit einer entsprechenden Leistungsdichte eingesetzt werden.Different laser beam sources are preferably used as light sources used such. B. diode laser, Nd: YAG laser, COT2T laser and depending of the plastic used laser, which for increased absorption a have the corresponding wavelength. In addition, others can Radiation sources, such as B. Xenon lamps, with a corresponding power density be used.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend ohne Beschränkung des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung exemplarisch beschrieben. Es zeigen:The invention is hereinafter described without limitation of the general The inventive concept based on exemplary embodiments with reference to the Drawing described as an example. Show it:
Fig. 1a, b, c Verfahrensschritte zum Verbinden zweier Bauteile, Fig. 1a, b, c process steps for connecting two components,
Fig. 2 Prinzipdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Verformen von thermoplastischem Material, sowie Fig. 2 schematic representation of a device according to the invention for deforming thermoplastic material, and
Fig. 3a bis f Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung einer Form mit mehreren Vorrichtungen zum Verformen thermoplastischen Materials. FIGS. 3a-f process steps for producing a mold having a plurality of devices for deforming the thermoplastic material.
In den Bildsequenzen gemäß Fig. 1 ist ein unteres Kunststoffspritzgußteil 1 vorgesehen, das einen Kunststoffstift 2 aufweist. Ein mit dem Kunststoffspritzgußteil 1 zu verbindendes zweite Bauteil 3 wird derart auf das Kunststoffspritzgußteil 1 aufgelegt, so daß der Kunststoffstift 2 durch eine entsprechende Öffnung des Metallteils 3 hindurchragt.In the image sequences according to FIG. 1, a lower plastic injection molded part 1 is provided, which has a plastic pin 2 . A with the plastic injection-molded part 1 second component to be connected 3 is so placed on the plastic injection-molded part 1, so that the plastic pin 2 protrudes through a corresponding opening of the metal part. 3
Die im wesentlichen für einer Lichtapplikation zu verwendende erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Verformen thermoplastischen Materials, das im Falle der Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1 ein Kunststoffstift ist, wird senkrecht von oben gemäß Figurdarstellung 1a auf den Kunststoffstift 2 aufgesetzt. Vorzugsweise wird eine nicht in der Fig. 1 dargestellte optisch transparente Zwischenschicht zwischen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 4 und dem Kunststoffstift 2 eingebracht, um etwaige Materialanhaftungen an der Lichtaustrittsfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 4 zu vermeiden.The device according to the invention for deforming thermoplastic material to be used essentially for a light application, which in the case of the illustration according to FIG. 1 is a plastic pin, is placed vertically from above according to figure 1 a on the plastic pin 2 . An optically transparent intermediate layer, not shown in FIG. 1, is preferably introduced between the device 4 according to the invention and the plastic pin 2 , in order to avoid any material buildup on the light exit surface of the device 4 according to the invention.
In Fig. 1b wird der Kunststoffstift 2 sukzessive durch Lichteinstrahl von oben erwärmt. Durch entsprechende Druckausübung gemäß Teilbilddarstellung 1c wird der erwärmte Teil des Kunststoffstiftes 2 derart verformt, so daß sich zwischen den Bauteilen 1 und 3 eine Nietverbindung ergibt.In Fig. 1b, the plastic pin 2 is successively heated by light from above. The heated part of the plastic pin 2 is deformed by corresponding pressure exertion according to the partial image representation 1 c, so that there is a riveted connection between the components 1 and 3 .
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Verbindung zweier Bauteile mit Hilfe gezielter Lichtapplikation zur thermischen Verformung geeignet vorzusehender Kunststoffstifte erlaubt eine schonende Verbindung zwischen zwei Bauteilen, so daß das, die Verbindungsstelle unmittelbar umgebende Umfeld nicht in Mitleidenschaf gezogen wird.The inventive method for connecting two components with the help of targeted Light application for thermal deformation of suitable plastic pins allows a gentle connection between two components, so that the Junction surrounding environment not affected becomes.
In Fig. 2 ist eine erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Vorrichtung zum Verformen thermoplastischen Materials dargestellt. Ein Lichtleitfaserbündel 5 mündet in einen Kopfteil 6, der folgende Komponenten vorsieht: Eine Justierschraube 7 ist axial beweglich zur Lichtleitfaser 5 respektive einen im Kopfteil vorgesehenen Glasstab 8, der optisch an die Lichtleitfaser 5 angekoppelt ist, angebracht. Über ein Gewinde 9 ist die Führungshülse 10 mit der Justierschraube 7 derart verbunden, daß die aus der Justierschraube 7 herausragende Länge der Führungshülse 10 entsprechend der Größe der Tiefe des Gewindes 9 variierbar ist. Die Justierschraube 7 liegt auf einer Scheibe 11 auf, die paßgenau am Außenumfang des Glasstabes 8 gleitend anliegt. Eine Andruckfeder 12 liegt mit ihrem oberen Ende an der Scheibe 11 und mit ihrem entgegengesetzen Ende an einer fest am Außenumfang des Glasstabes 8 angebrachten Haltehülse 13 an.In Fig. 2 is a device designed according to the invention is shown for deforming the thermoplastic material. An optical fiber bundle 5 opens into a head part 6 , which provides the following components: an adjusting screw 7 is axially movable relative to the optical fiber 5 or a glass rod 8 provided in the head part, which is optically coupled to the optical fiber 5 . The guide sleeve 10 is connected to the adjusting screw 7 via a thread 9 in such a way that the length of the guide sleeve 10 protruding from the adjusting screw 7 can be varied in accordance with the size of the depth of the thread 9 . The adjusting screw 7 rests on a washer 11 , which fits slidingly against the outer circumference of the glass rod 8 . A pressure spring 12 rests with its upper end on the pane 11 and with its opposite end against a holding sleeve 13 which is fixedly attached to the outer circumference of the glass rod 8 .
Der für den in Verbindung mit Fig. 1 beschriebenen Fügevorgang erforderliche Anpreßdruck ist durch das Absenken des Kopfteiles respektive der Justierschraube 7 nebst Führungshülse 10 gegen die zu verfügenden Bauteile zu erhalten. Der Anpreßdruck, der über die Lichtaustrittsfläche des Glasstabes 8 auf die verfügende Stelle ausgeübt wird, kann durch geeignete Beabstandung der Führungshülse 10 von den zu verfügenden Bauteilen mit Hilfe geeigneter Verdrehungen im Gewinde 9 eingestellt werden.The contact pressure required for the joining process described in connection with FIG. 1 can be obtained by lowering the head part or the adjusting screw 7 together with the guide sleeve 10 against the components available. The contact pressure, which is exerted on the available location via the light exit surface of the glass rod 8 , can be adjusted by suitable spacing of the guide sleeve 10 from the components to be provided with the aid of suitable twists in the thread 9 .
Eine vorzugsweise aus Metall gefertigte Klemmhalterung 14 dient zum einen zur Fixierung des Glasstiftes 8 bzw. der Glasfaser 5 und befindet sich oberhalb der Justageschraube 7. Zum anderen weist die Klemmhalterung 14 vorzugsweise einen elektrischen Kontakt 15 auf, der bei entsprechender Faserbewegung auf die ebenso vorzugsweise aus Metall gefertigte Justierschraube 7 bei entsprechender Kontaktierung einen Steuerimpuls generiert, der zu einer externen Lichtsteuerung geleitet wird. Auf diese Weise kann der Verfügungsvorgang überwacht werden. Durch Ankopplung eines elektrischen Kontaktes an die Faserfixierung oberhalb der Justageschraube läßt sich eine einfachere Prozeßüberwachung realisieren. Dabei wird beim Zusammendrücken des Nietes die Endstellung durch einen Kontakt zwischen Klemmschraube und Justageschraube detektiert. Nach Betätigung des Kontaktes kann der Laserstrahl auf eine weitere Faser gelenkt werden bzw. der Fügevorgang abgebrochen werden.A clamping bracket 14, which is preferably made of metal, serves on the one hand to fix the glass pin 8 or the glass fiber 5 and is located above the adjustment screw 7 . On the other hand, the clamping bracket 14 preferably has an electrical contact 15 , which generates a control pulse upon corresponding fiber movement on the adjusting screw 7, which is also preferably made of metal, and is appropriately contacted, which is sent to an external light control. In this way, the disposal process can be monitored. By coupling an electrical contact to the fiber fixation above the adjustment screw, a simpler process monitoring can be realized. When the rivet is compressed, the end position is detected by a contact between the clamping screw and the adjustment screw. After actuation of the contact, the laser beam can be directed onto another fiber or the joining process can be stopped.
Neben der in der Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fügewerkzeuges lassen sich auch weitere, federgeführte Faserandruckmechanismen realisieren. Dabei können z. B. die Glasstifte bzw. Fasern über Blattfedern, die in einer Halterung fixiert sind, auf den Niet aufgedrückt werden. Weiterhin läßt sich bei einfacheren Fügegeometrien der Andruck durch eine durchgehende Glasplatte bewerkstelligen.In addition to the embodiment of a joining tool according to the invention shown in FIG. 2, other spring-guided fiber pressure mechanisms can also be implemented. Here, for. B. the glass pins or fibers on leaf springs, which are fixed in a holder, are pressed onto the rivet. Furthermore, with simple joining geometries, the pressure can be achieved using a continuous glass plate.
Zur Durchführung der Verfügung an mehreren Fügestellen zwischen zwei zu verbindenden Bauteilen gleichzeitig wird eine erfindungsgemäße Hilfskonstruktion benötigt, die eine exakte räumliche Zuordnung von mehreren Fügewerkzeugen zueinander, die den einzelnen Fügeverbindungsstellen auf den Bauteilen entspricht, erlaubt.To carry out the disposal at several joints between two connecting components simultaneously becomes an auxiliary construction according to the invention requires an exact spatial allocation of several joining tools to each other, which corresponds to the individual joint connection points on the components, allowed.
Zur Herstellung einer derartigen Anordnung wird auf Fig. 3 verwiesen. In Fig. 3a werden die beiden zu verfügenden Bauteile 1 und 3 derart übereinandergebracht, so daß die Fügestifte 2 in die entsprechenden Ausnehmungen des Bauteils 3 fluchten. Um den Verbindungsbereich der beiden Bauteile 1 und 3 wird gemäß Fig. 3b eine Gußform respektive ein Aufsetzrahmen 16 angebracht, in dem gemäß Fig. 3c eine als Trennschicht ausgebildete Silikonschicht 17 eingebracht wird. Anschließend werden die Kopfteile der einzelnen Fügewerkzeuge an den entsprechenden Fügestellen positioniert. In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt wird der verbleibende Bereich der Gußform 16 mit vorzugsweise einem selbsthärtenden Material, beispielsweise ein Epoxydharz E, ausgefüllt.For the manufacture of such an arrangement, reference is made to FIG. 3. In Fig. 3a, the two available components 1 and 3 are brought one above the other so that the joining pins 2 are aligned in the corresponding recesses of the component 3 . According to FIG. 3b, a casting mold or a mounting frame 16 is attached around the connection area of the two components 1 and 3 , in which a silicone layer 17 designed as a separating layer is introduced according to FIG. 3c. Then the head parts of the individual joining tools are positioned at the corresponding joining points. In a further process step, the remaining area of the mold 16 is filled with preferably a self-curing material, for example an epoxy resin E.
Nach Erhärten des Epoxydharzes gemäß Teildarstellung in Fig. 3d ist zu sehen, daß die einzelnen Fügewerkzeuge eine feste räumliche Zuordnung erhalten. Die Epoxydschicht E wird von den beiden zu verfügenden Bauteilen abgenommen und zusätzlich gemäß Fig. 3e von der Silikonschicht 17 befreit. Gemäß Fig. 3f sehen die Glasstabspitzen an der Unterseite der erhärteten Form hinaus. Lediglich die Außenwände der Führungshülsen und Justierschrauben sind von dem erhärteten Material umgeben.After the epoxy resin has hardened as shown in part in FIG. 3d, it can be seen that the individual joining tools are given a fixed spatial assignment. The epoxy layer E is removed from the two components available and is additionally freed from the silicone layer 17 according to FIG. 3e. According to FIG. 3f, the glass rod tips look out on the underside of the hardened mold. Only the outer walls of the guide sleeves and adjusting screws are surrounded by the hardened material.
Für weitere Fügevorgänge wird das auf die vorstehende Weise vorbereitete Fügewerkzeug in eine Positioniereinrichtung eingebaut, die eine z-Bewegung des Fügewerkzeuges zuläßt. Der weiterführende Fügevorgang läßt sich wie folgt beschreiben:For further joining processes, the one prepared in the above way Joining tool installed in a positioning device that z-movement of the Joining tool permits. The further joining process can be done as follows describe:
Aufsetzen des vorstehend erhaltenen Fügewerkzeuges auf Kontakt zu den einzelnen zu verbindenden Fügestellen. Eine derartige Position kann beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Hilfsstiftes mit einem elektrischen Kontakt an die Steuerung des Fügewerkzeuges detektiert werden. Anschließend erfolgt ein definiertes Andrücken durch senkrechtes Positionieren der Form nebst der einzelnen Fügewerkzeuge nach unten auf die zu verbindenden Bauteile. Je nach Stellung der Justageschraube der einzelnen Fügewerkzeuge können dabei unterschiedliche Druckkräfte auf die einzelnen Fügestellen, respektive Nieten, aufgebracht werden. Nach Bestrahlung der einzelnen Kunststoffstifte mit vorzugsweise Laserstrahlung werden die einzelnen Stifte erwärmt und entsprechend verformt. Dabei können folgende unterschiedliche Bestrahlungsstrategien eingesetzt werden:Place the joining tool obtained above in contact with the individual joints to be joined. Such a position can, for example, with the help an auxiliary pin with an electrical contact to control the Joining tool can be detected. Then a defined pressing takes place by positioning the shape vertically along with the individual joining tools below on the components to be connected. Depending on the position of the adjustment screw individual joining tools can have different compressive forces on the individual joints or rivets. After irradiation of the individual plastic pens with preferably laser radiation are the individual Pins warmed and deformed accordingly. The following can be different Radiation strategies are used:
Entweder werden die einzelnen Lichtleitfaserbündel nacheinander mit dem Licht von Diodenlaser, Nd:YAG-Laser, COT2T-Laser bzw. anderen Lichtquellen bestrahlt. Das zeitliche Nacheinanderbestrahlen der einzelnen Lichtleitfasern mit Hilfe an sich bekannter Abscann-Techniken erlaubt den Einsatz nur einer einzigen Lichtquelle.Either the individual optical fiber bundles are sequentially illuminated with the light from Diode laser, Nd: YAG laser, COT2T laser or other light sources irradiated. The successive irradiation of the individual optical fibers with the help of itself Known scanning techniques allow the use of only a single light source.
Bei Verwendung mehrerer Lichtquellen können die einzelnen Lichtleitfaserbündel gleichzeitig bestrahlt werden oder das Licht einer Lichtquelle wird entsprechend auf die Anzahl der einzelnen Lichtleitfaserbündel zugleich aufgeteilt.When using multiple light sources, the individual optical fiber bundles be irradiated simultaneously or the light from a light source is turned on accordingly the number of individual optical fiber bundles divided at the same time.
Das vorstehend beschriebene Verfahren zur Verbindung zweier Bauteile mit Hilfe
thermoplastischer Verformung weist eine Reihe von Vorteilen auf, die insbesondere
in der flexiblen Prozeßführung sowie in der Nicht-Beeinflussung des Bauteils durch
den Fügeprozeß selbst liegt. Im einzelnen lassen sich folgende Vorteile nennen:
The method described above for connecting two components with the aid of thermoplastic deformation has a number of advantages, which lie in particular in the flexible process control and in the fact that the component itself is not influenced by the joining process. The individual advantages are as follows:
- 1. Flexible Fügegeometrie durch Anpassung der Strahlungspositionen an die jeweiligen Kunststoffstifte. 1. Flexible joining geometry by adapting the radiation positions to the respective plastic pins.
- 2. Einfache wiederverwendbare Fügewerkzeuge, die durch eine spezielle Technologie an die Fügegeometrie angepaßt werden können.2. Simple reusable joining tools by a special Technology can be adapted to the joining geometry.
- 3. Keine Einbringung von starken äußeren Kräften sowie Erschütterungen durch die Fügetechnologie.3. No strong external forces or vibrations caused by the Joining technology.
- 4. Bessere Anpassung der Fügeparameter wie beispielsweise Zeit und Temperatur an die unterschiedlichen Wärmeleitungsgegebenheiten verschieden dicker Kunststoffe.4. Better adjustment of the joining parameters such as time and temperature to the different heat conduction conditions of different thicknesses Plastics.
- 5. Möglichkeit zur Überwachung des Fügeprozesses durch On-Line- Temperaturkontrolle bzw. Kontrolle des Andrückvorganges.5. Possibility to monitor the joining process through online Temperature control or control of the pressing process.
Claims (13)
daß die Justierschraube und die Führungshülse über ein Gewinde verbunden sind,
daß die lichtleitende Anordnung die Justierschraube und die Führungshülse zentrisch durchsetzt und die lichtleitende Anordnung relativ zur Justierschraube und der Führungshülse in ihrer Achsrichtung bewegbar ist, und
daß zwischen der Haltehülse und der Justierschraube eine Feder vorgesehen ist, die die lichtleitende Anordnung umgibt und mit ihrem einen Federende an der Haltehülse und mit ihrem anderen Ende an der Justierschraube oder einer Zwischenscheibe anliegt, die zwischen Justierschraube und Feder derart vorgesehen ist, daß die Zwischenscheibe in Art eines Paßsitzes die lichtleitende Anordnung umgibt.1. Device for deforming thermoplastic material, which serves for the firm connection between at least two components, with a head part, which can be brought under pressure under pressure with the material to be deformed and via which a necessary energy input for the thermoplastic deformation occurs in the material, wherein the head part is connected to a light source via a light-guiding arrangement and has a light exit surface which is dimensioned such that light energy can be deliberately deposited at the location of the thermoplastic material to be deformed via the light exit surface, characterized in that the head part consists of an adjusting screw ( 7 ) , a guide sleeve ( 10 ), a spring arrangement ( 12 ) and a holding sleeve ( 13 ) which firmly encloses the light-guiding arrangement,
that the adjusting screw and the guide sleeve are connected by a thread,
that the light-guiding arrangement passes through the adjusting screw and the guide sleeve centrally and the light-guiding arrangement is movable relative to the adjusting screw and the guide sleeve in its axial direction, and
that a spring is provided between the holding sleeve and the adjusting screw, which surrounds the light-conducting arrangement and rests with its one spring end on the holding sleeve and with its other end on the adjusting screw or an intermediate washer, which is provided between the adjusting screw and spring in such a way that the washer surrounds the light-guiding arrangement in the manner of a snug fit.
- 1. Zusammenfügung der beiden zu verbindenden Bauteile, die von einer wenigstens die Verbindungsbereiche der Bauteile umgebenden Gußform umschlossen werden,
- 2. Einbringen einer die Bauteile überdeckenden Trennschicht in die Gußform,
- 3. Positionieren von Vorrichtungen zum Verformen an den Verbindungsstellen,
- 4. Ausgießen der Form mit selbsthärtenden Material, nach Erstarren Ablösen des selbsthärtenden Materials nebst den darin fixierten Vorrichtungen zum Verformen von der Zwischenschicht.
- 1. assembly of the two components to be connected, which are enclosed by a casting mold that surrounds at least the connecting regions of the components,
- 2. introducing a separating layer covering the components into the casting mold,
- 3. Positioning devices for deformation at the connection points,
- 4. Pouring the mold with self-hardening material, after solidification, detaching the self-hardening material together with the fixation devices fixed in it from the intermediate layer.
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DE19700518A DE19700518C2 (en) | 1997-01-09 | 1997-01-09 | Device and method for deforming thermoplastic material for connecting two components |
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DE19700518A DE19700518C2 (en) | 1997-01-09 | 1997-01-09 | Device and method for deforming thermoplastic material for connecting two components |
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Cited By (3)
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DE10196134B3 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2012-11-29 | Branson Ultrasonics Corp. | Distance mode control for laser welding |
DE102013223468A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-21 | Ting-Jui Wang | Light-conducting fixing part |
DE102012202342B4 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2017-10-12 | Osram Gmbh | Lighting device with printed circuit board and structural component |
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DE19832168A1 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-01-20 | Lisa Laser Products Ohg Fuhrbe | Laser butt-welding of diverse transparent thermoplastics employs flexible optical conductor of convenient length and conventional optics |
EP1036644A1 (en) * | 1999-03-16 | 2000-09-20 | Emerson Electric Co. | Method and apparatus for deforming a thermoplastic projection using laser energy |
DE10108958A1 (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2002-09-12 | Arzneimittelgesellschaft Mit B | Device and method for manufacturing a syringe for medical purposes |
DE102004024033A1 (en) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-12-01 | Heinrich Reutter | Pressure coil spring pre-stressing adjusting method, involves forming adjusting knob by ultrasonic tool e.g. sonotrode, in interior annular surface of component that is made of plastic |
DE202007002940U1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2007-04-26 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Electronic component or subassembly with circuit board, has circuit board and heat-removal element for circuit-board joined by riveted connection |
DE102017216742A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Rivet connection and method for producing a riveted joint |
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DE3325930A1 (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-02-28 | Gebr. Bindler Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, 5275 Bergneustadt | DEVICE FOR CONNECTING PARTS OF AN OBJECT |
EP0159170A2 (en) * | 1984-04-10 | 1985-10-23 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins |
GB2278571A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1994-12-07 | F E Limited | Joining members using heat from a light source |
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DE3408299A1 (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1985-09-12 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | METHOD FOR IMMOBILIZING CELLS AND ENZYMES |
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DE3325930A1 (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-02-28 | Gebr. Bindler Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, 5275 Bergneustadt | DEVICE FOR CONNECTING PARTS OF AN OBJECT |
EP0159170A2 (en) * | 1984-04-10 | 1985-10-23 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins |
GB2278571A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1994-12-07 | F E Limited | Joining members using heat from a light source |
Cited By (3)
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DE10196134B3 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2012-11-29 | Branson Ultrasonics Corp. | Distance mode control for laser welding |
DE102012202342B4 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2017-10-12 | Osram Gmbh | Lighting device with printed circuit board and structural component |
DE102013223468A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-21 | Ting-Jui Wang | Light-conducting fixing part |
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